528 Bathurst Street Toronto, ONTARIO M5S 2P9 T 416-966-1069 F 416-966-9723 ASIheritage.ca ASI Archaeological & Cultural Heritage Services STAGE 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF 2418 KHALSA GATE PART OF LOT 31, CONCESSION 1, SOUTH OF DUNDAS STREET FORMER TOWNSHIP OF TRAFALGAR, COUNTY OF HALTON NOW IN THE TOWN OF OAKVILLE, REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF HALTON ORIGINAL REPORT Prepared for: Golden Arch Tech Investment Corporation 1092 Argyle Drive Oakville, ON L6J 1A7 T 289-772-5980 Archaeological Licence #P057 (Pihl) Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport PIF# P057-0800-2015 ASI File: 15TS-064 August 5, 2015
Transcript
528 Bathurst Street Toronto, ONTARIO M5S 2P9T 416-966-1069 F 416-966-9723 ASIheritage.ca
ASI Archaeological & CulturalH e r i t a g e S e r v i c e s
STAGE 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF 2418 KHALSA GATE
PART OF LOT 31, CONCESSION 1, SOUTH OF DUNDAS STREET FORMER TOWNSHIP OF TRAFALGAR, COUNTY OF HALTON
NOW IN THE TOWN OF OAKVILLE, REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF HALTON
ORIGINAL REPORT
Prepared for:
Golden Arch Tech Investment Corporation
1092 Argyle Drive Oakville, ON L6J 1A7
T 289-772-5980
Archaeological Licence #P057 (Pihl) Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport PIF# P057-0800-2015
ASI File: 15TS-064
August 5, 2015
ASI
STAGE 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF 2418 KHALSA GATE
PART OF LOT 31, CONCESSION 1, SOUTH OF DUNDAS STREET FORMER TOWNSHIP OF TRAFALGAR, COUNTY OF HALTON
NOW IN THE TOWN OF OAKVILLE, REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF HALTON
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ASI was retained by Golden Arch Tech Investment Corporation to undertake a Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate, part of Lot 31, Concession 1, South of Dundas Street, Geographic Township of Trafalgar, County of Halton, now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton. The subject property encompasses approximately 0.05 hectare. The previous Stage 1 assessment entailed consideration of the proximity of previously registered archaeological sites, the original environmental setting of the property, and nineteenth and twentieth-century settlement trends. This research led to the conclusion that there is potential for the presence of historical Euro-Canadian archaeological resources given the proximity to the historically important transportation corridor of present-day Khalsa Gate/Old Bronte Road, and the general proximity of the historic village of Palermo. The Stage 2 assessment included a field survey conducted by means of a test pit survey initiated at five metre intervals and increased to 10 metres after disturbance was encountered. Despite careful scrutiny, no archaeological resources were encountered during the course of the survey. It is recommended that no further archaeological assessment of the property be required.
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page ii Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
PROJECT PERSONNEL
Project Manager: Beverly Garner, Hons. BA Staff Archaeologist & Manager, Stage 1 and 2 Projects, Planning Division
Project Director: Robert Pihl, MA (P057)
Senior Archaeologist, Partner & Manager, Environmental Division Project Administrator: Jennifer Ley, Hons. BA (R376)
Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page iii Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................ i PROJECT PERSONNEL ........................................................................................................................................ ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ iii 1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Development Context ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Historical Context ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2.1 Review of Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Mapping ............................................................... 1 1.2.2 Review of Twentieth Century Aerial Imagery ............................................................................... 2
2.0 FIELD METHODS ................................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Areas of No Potential ........................................................................................................................ 3 2.2 Test Pit Survey ................................................................................................................................. 3
3.0 RECORD OF FINDS ................................................................................................................................ 3 4.0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 3 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................................... 4 6.0 ADVICE ON COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION ........................................................................................ 4 7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WORKS CITED ....................................................................................................... 6 8.0 PLATES ................................................................................................................................................. 7 9.0 MAPS .................................................................................................................................................. 8
List of Plates
Plate 1: Test pit survey at 10 metre intervals. ................................................................................................... 7Plate 2: Test pit survey at 10 metre intervals. ................................................................................................... 7Plate 3: Typical disturbed test pit profile. ........................................................................................................ 7
List of Figures
Figure 1: Location of the Subject Property. ...................................................................................................... 9Figure 2: Subject Property located on the 1858 Tremaine Map of the County of Halton. .................................. 10Figure 3: Subject Property located on the 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Halton. ................ 10Figure 4: Subject Property located on the 1919 NTS Hamilton-Burlington Sheet. ............................................. 11Figure 5: Subject Property located on 2009 and 2014 Aerial Imagery. .............................................................12Figure 6: Existing conditions of the Subject Property. ..................................................................................... 13Figure 7: Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment Results. ................................................................................... 14
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 1 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT
1.1 Development Context ASI was contracted by Golden Arch Tech Investment Corporation to undertake a Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate, part of Lot 31, Concession 1, South of Dundas Street (SDS), Former Township of Trafalgar, County of Halton, now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton (Figure 1). The subject property encompasses approximately 0.05 hectare. The assessment was conducted under the project management of Ms. Beverly Garner and the project direction of Mr. Robert Pihl (MTCS PIF P057-0800-2015). All activities carried out during this assessment were completed as part of a zoning bylaw amendment application for pre-development approval requirements for a proposed condo building with commercial enterprises. All work was completed in accordance with the Ontario Heritage Act and the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport’s 2011 Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists. Permission to access the subject property and to carry out all activities necessary for the completion of the assessment was granted by the proponent on May 20, 2015. ASI previously completed a Stage 1 archaeological assessment of the subject property under MTCS PIF P049-0781-2015. A summary of the background information pertinent to this assessment has been excerpted from the Stage 1 report. 1.2 Historical Context The previous Stage 1 report reviewed historical mapping sources and aerial imagery to determine the historical potential for part of Lot 31, Concession 1, South of Dundas, Geographic Township of Trafalgar, County of Halton, now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton (ASI 2015). The property currently consists of an extent residence with associated yard, an asphalt driveway, a shed, and a disturbed field in the southern portion.
1.2.1 Review of Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Mapping The 1858 Tremaine Map of the County of Halton illustrates the subject property fronting the historically important corridor of present-day Khalsa Gate/Old Bronte Road (Figure 2). The landowner is identified as John H. Smith and no structures are depicted within the subject property. It should be noted that the subject property is in the general proximity of the historically important Palermo Village. The 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas now depicts the landowner as Caleb Smith and no structures are situated within the subject property (Figure 3). Additionally, the subject property is now located just outside the schematic limits of Palermo Village. Figure 4 depicts the subject property on the 1919 NTS Hamilton-Burlington Sheet. No structures or features are depicted within the subject property.
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 2 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
1.2.2 Review of Twentieth Century Aerial Imagery In order to further assess the archaeological potential and determine the previous land use of the subject property, Google imagery from 2009 and 2014 was reviewed (Figure 5). The only significant land alteration within the subject property during this period appears to be the construction of the gravel parking lot in the southeast corner fronting Khalsa Gate. Further to this, it appears that an outbuilding west of the extant dwelling has been removed. 1.3 Archaeological Context The previous Stage 1 archaeological assessment determined that no archaeological sites had been registered within the limits of the subject property; however, six sites had previously been documented within a one km radius (ASI 2015, MTCS 2015a). Additionally, it was determined that one archaeological assessment had been completed west of the subject property (ASI 2015). Since the completion of the Stage 1 report, no additional sites have been documented within a one km radius (MTCS 2015b). According to Chapman and Putnam (1966:287), the subject property is located on the Drumlinized Till Plains of the South Slope physiographic region of southern Ontario. This region is the southern slope of the Oak Ridges Moraine, the height of land dividing the drainages of Lake Ontario, Lake Huron, and the Trent River system. The South Slope region, which stretches from the Niagara Escarpment to the Trent River, begins at the height of the moraine, approximately 250 to 300 metres above sea level, and descends to between 120 and 180 metres above sea level, where it meets the Iroquois Lake Plain. Further, the subject property is located within the Fourteen Mile Creek watershed. A tributary of Fourteen Mile Creek flows approximately 600 metres to the west of the subject property limits.
1.3.1 Existing Conditions The subject property is approximately 0.05 hectare in size, and is bounded by Pine Glen Road to the north, Khalsa Gate/Old Bronte Road to the east, Bronte Road/Regional Road 25 to the west, and a fallow field to the south (Figure 6). It is important to note that Bronte Road has been re-aligned in this location. Bronte Road used to extend on the east side of the property, whereas it is now located on the west side. The subject property consists primarily of an extant dwelling fronting Khalsa Gate surrounded by its associated yard. A gravel parking area is located in the south portion of the subject property also fronting Khalsa Gate.
2.0 FIELD METHODS The Stage 1 field review was conducted on March 30, 2015 under MTCS PIF P049-0781-2015 in order to assess the archaeological potential of the subject property. The property was assessed by means of a visual review, and based on these observations it was found that 40% of subject property required a Stage 2 archaeological assessment (ASI 2015).
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 3 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
The Stage 2 field assessment was completed on June 26, 2015 under MTCS PIF P057-0800-2015 in order to inventory, identify and describe any archaeological resources extant on the subject property prior to development. All fieldwork was conducted under the field direction of Mr. Robb Bhardwaj (R449). The weather conditions were appropriate for the completion of fieldwork, consisting of sunny skies. Field observations have been compiled on project mapping for the subject property (Figure 7). All fieldwork for the Stage 2 assessment was carried out in accordance with the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport’s 2011 Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists. 2.1 Areas of No Potential
The previous Stage 1 report indicated that approximately 60% of the subject property did not exhibit archaeological potential due to previous disturbance in the form of a dense deep gravel area extending across the entire southern portion of the subject lands (ASI 2015). 2.2 Test Pit Survey
The Stage 2 archaeological assessment was conducted on all remaining lands deemed to have archaeological potential by means of a test pit survey. Test pits were hand excavated at least five cm into subsoil and all topsoil was screened through six mm mesh to facilitate artifact recovery. Test pits were examined for stratigraphy, cultural features and evidence of fill. All test pits were at least 30 cm in diameter and excavated within one metre of all built structures whenever possible. Upon completion, all of the test pits were backfilled.
The test pit survey was initiated at five metre intervals, and increased to 10 metres when disturbance was encountered (Plates 1-2). Test pit profiles typically consisted of approximately 50-60 cm of yellowish brown heavy clay fill mixed with gravel, over approximately 20 cm of dark grayish brown heavy clay, over yellowish brown clay subsoil (Plate 3).
3.0 RECORD OF FINDS Despite careful scrutiny, no archaeological resources were found during the course of the Stage 2 field assessment. Written field notes, annotated field maps, GPS logs and other archaeological data related to the subject property are located at Archaeological Services Inc. The documentation and materials related to this project will be curated by Archaeological Services Inc. until such a time that arrangements for their ultimate transfer to Her Majesty the Queen in right of Ontario, or other public institution, can be made to the satisfaction of the project owner(s), the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport, and any other legitimate interest groups. 4.0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION ASI was contracted by Golden Arch Tech Investment Corporation to undertake a Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate, part of Lot 31, Concession 1, South of Dundas Street (SDS), Former Township of Trafalgar, County of Halton, now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton (Figure 1). The subject property encompasses approximately 0.05 hectare.
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 4 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
The previous Stage 1 assessment entailed consideration of the proximity of previously registered archaeological sites, the original environmental setting of the property, and nineteenth and twentieth-century settlement trends. This research led to the conclusion that there is potential for the presence of historical Euro-Canadian archaeological resources given the proximity to the historically important transportation corridor of present-day Khalsa Gate/Old Bronte Road Road, and the general proximity of the historic village of Palermo. The Stage 2 assessment included a field survey conducted by means of a test pit survey initiated at five metre intervals and increased to 10 metres after disturbance was encountered. Despite careful scrutiny, no archaeological resources were encountered during the course of the survey. 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS In light of these results, the following recommendations are made:
1. It is recommended that no further archaeological assessment of the property be required.
NOTWITHSTANDING the results and recommendations presented in this study, ASI notes that no archaeological assessment, no matter how thorough or carefully completed, can necessarily predict, account for, or identify every form of isolated or deeply buried archaeological deposit. In the event that archaeological remains are found during subsequent construction activities, the consultant archaeologist, approval authority, and the Cultural Programs Unit of the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport should be immediately notified.
6.0 ADVICE ON COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION
• This report is submitted to the Minister of Tourism, Culture and Sport as a condition of licensing in accordance with Part VI of the Ontario Heritage Act, RSO 1990, c 0.18. The report is reviewed to ensure that it complies with the standards and guidelines that are issued by the Minister, and that the archaeological field work and report recommendations ensure the conservation, preservation and protection of the cultural heritage of Ontario. When all matters relating to archaeological sites within the project area of a development proposal have been addressed to the satisfaction of the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport, a letter will be issued by the ministry stating that there are no further concerns with regard to alterations to archaeological sites by the proposed development.
• It is an offence under Sections 48 and 69 of the Ontario Heritage Act for any party other than
a licensed archaeologist to make any alteration to a known archaeological site or to remove any artifact or other physical evidence of past human use or activity from the site, until such time as a licensed archaeologist has completed archaeological field work on the site, submitted a report to the Minister stating that the site has no further cultural heritage value or interest, and the report has been filed in the Ontario Public Register of Archaeology Reports referred to in Section 65.1 of the Ontario Heritage Act.
• Should previously undocumented archaeological resources be discovered, they may be a new
archaeological site and therefore subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The proponent or person discovering the archaeological resources must cease alteration of the site
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 5 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
immediately and engage a licensed consultant archaeologist to carry out archaeological fieldwork, in compliance with sec. 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act.
• The Funeral, Burial and Cremation Services Act, 2002, S.O. 2002, c.33, requires that any
person discovering or having knowledge of a burial site shall immediately notify the police or coroner. It is recommended that the Registrar of Cemeteries at the Ministry of Consumer Services is also immediately notified.
• Archaeological sites recommended for further archaeological fieldwork or protection remain
subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act and may not be altered, or have artifacts removed from them, except by a person holding an archaeological licence.
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 6 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WORKS CITED (ASI) Archaeological Services Inc.
2015 Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate, part of Lot 31, Concession 1, South of Dundas Street, Geographic Township of Trafalgar, County of Halton, now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton.
Chapman, L.J. and D.F. Putman
1966 The Physiography of Southern Ontario. Second Edition. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Google Earth 2015 2418 Khalsa Gate, Oakville, ON. Google Earth 7.1.1.1888. Accessed March 10, 2015. (MDM) Ministry of Defence and Militia 1919 NTS Hamilton-Burlington Sheet, Toronto. (MTCS) Ministry of Tourism and Culture, now the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport
2011 Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists. Cultural Programs Branch, Archaeology and Planning Unit. Toronto.
2015a Sites within a one km radius of the project, provided from the Ontario Archaeological
Sites Database (OASD), March 23, 2015. 2015b Sites within a one km radius of the project, provided from the Ontario Archaeological
Sites Database (OASD), June15, 2015. Tremaine, George C. 1858 Tremaine’s Map of the County of Halton, Ont. Tremaine Map Establishment. Toronto. Walker and Miles 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Halton, Ont. Toronto.
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 7 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
8.0 PLATES
Plate 1: Test pit survey at 10 metre intervals. Plate 2: Test pit survey at 10 metre intervals.
Plate 3: Typical disturbed test pit profile.
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Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of 2418 Khalsa Gate Page 8 Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton
9.0 MAPS See the following pages for detailed assessment maps and figures.
(c) OpenStreetMap and contributors, Creative Commons-Share Alike License (CC-BY-SA)
Dundas
Milton
Oakville
Burlington
Mississauga
Figure 1: Location of the Subject Property.
ASI PROJECT NO.: 15TS-017DATE: 06 Mar 2015
DRAWN BY: BWFILE: 15TS017_Fig1
BASE:(c) OpenStreetMap and contributors,Creative Commons-Share Alike License (CC-BY-SA)
0 1.25
Kilometres
Archaeological & Cultural Heritage Services
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