ORIGINAL REPORT: STAGE 1 & 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL...

Distribution: Rockwater Group – 1 Digital Copy Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport – 1 Digital Copy Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure - 1 Digital Copy

ORIGINAL REPORT:

STAGE 1 & 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PART OF LOT 9, CONCESSION 4, COUNTY OF WELLINGTON,

NOW IN 233 JANEFIELD AVENUE, GUELPH, ONTARIO

Submitted to:

Rockwater Group PO Box 38017

256 King Street North Waterloo, Ontario

N2J 4T9

AND

THE ONTARIO MINISTRY OF TOURISM, CULTURE AND SPORT

Submitted by: Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure

a division of Amec Foster Wheeler Americas Limited 11865 County Road 42

Tecumseh, Ontario N8N 2M1

Ph: (519) 735-2499, Fax: (519) 735-9669

Archaeological Consulting License # P348 (Slim) P.I.F. # P348-0028-2017

Amec Foster Wheeler Project # SWW171069

27 April 2017

Rockwater Group Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Part of Lot 9, Concession 4, Township of Guelph, County Of Wellington, Now in 233 Janefield Avenue, Guelph, Ontario

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure (“Amec Foster Wheeler”) was retained by Rockwater Group (the CLIENT) to conduct a Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment in support of future development of a condominium high rise. This archaeological assessment was triggered under the Planning Act and was conducted prior to development. The property is located at 233 Janefield Avenue, in Guelph, Ontario (“Study Area”). The Study Area was historically described as Part of Lot 9, Concession 4, Township of Guelph, County of Wellington, (Appendix A: Figures 1, 2 and 3). The subject property is owned by Bendetto Di Renzo and Mario Antionio Ri Renzo and is approximately 1.10 hectares (2.7 acres) in size.

The Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment was carried out in accordance with the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport’s (“MTCS”) Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (2011), under an Ontario Professional Licence to Conduct Archaeological Fieldwork (P348) held by Barbara Slim, Senior Archaeologist at Amec Foster Wheeler. The project information was acknowledged by the MTCS on 28 March 2017 with the approval of PIF number P348-0028-2017. Permission to conduct the property inspection and property assessment was granted to Amec Foster Wheeler by the CLIENT on 21 March 2017. This permission extended to all required archaeological fieldwork activities, including the recovery and removal of artifacts.

The Stage 1 property inspection was conducted by Luke Fischer (P219), Senior Archaeologist at Amec Foster Wheeler on 29 March 2017. The weather was sunny and warm and did not impede the inspection in any way. It should be noted that temperatures were also unseasonably warm for several days prior to 29 March 2017, ranging from 12 to 16 degrees Celsius. The Stage 2 test pit survey was conducted on 14 April 2017 under the direction of Luke Fischer (P219), with the assistance of Jason Seguin (P354). The weather during the Stage 2 test pit survey was overcast with an approximate temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, which did not impede the property assessment in any way.

The Stage 1 background study indicated that undisturbed portions of the subject property have archaeological potential and warrant Stage 2 property assessment for two principal reasons: 1) the known presence of an archaeological site approximately 180 m to the southwest of the Study Area, providing direct evidence that this general area had been exploited by historic Euro-Canadian peoples; and, 2) the location of the Study Area within 100 m of historical transportation routes.

A review of recent land use history and the Stage 1 property inspection, which included a cursory examination of soil conditions through exploratory judgemental interval test pitting, indicated that the majority of the Study Area has been subjected to extensive land grading, followed by the deposition of imported fill material containing concrete chunks and other


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construction debris. The presence of buried concrete chunks and other building material meant that ploughing and pedestrian survey was not viable as a Stage 2 assessment strategy. Nevertheless, in order to confirm the extent of previous disturbance, further judgemental interval test pitting should be carried out in the areas suspected to have had original topsoil and archaeological potential removed. Elsewhere, it appeared from the Stage 1 property inspection that intact topsoil had been retained within small pockets in the eastern and western portions of the property. As each of these pockets measured less than 10 m by 10 m, 5-m interval test pit survey was recommended for the Stage 2 assessment.

The Stage 2 assessment of previously graded and filled areas by means of judgemental interval test pits successfully confirmed the extent of previous disturbance and archaeological potential removal. Those small pockets of land that contained intact topsoil were subjected to regular 5-m interval test pit survey.

The test pits within the Study Area were devoid of artifacts or cultural deposits and no new archaeological sites were encountered.

In light of these results, the following recommendation is made, subject to the conditions outlined in Sections 4.0 and 5.0:

1) The Study Area requires no further archaeological assessment.

The above recommendation is subject to Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport approval, and it is an offence to alter any of the Study Area without Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport concurrence.

No grading or other activities that may result in the destruction or disturbance of the Study Area is permitted until notice of Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport approval has been received.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE

1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT ................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Development Context .............................................................................. 1 1.2 Scope of Work ......................................................................................... 1

2.0 STAGE 1 BACKGROUND STUDY ........................................................................... 4 2.1 Archaeological Context .......................................................................... 4

2.1.1 Registered Archaeological Sites...................................................................... 4 2.1.2 History of Archaeological Investigations .......................................................... 5 2.1.3 Environmental Context .................................................................................... 5

2.2 Historical Context .................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 Review of Historical Records........................................................................... 7

2.3 Additional Information ............................................................................ 7 2.3.1 Recent Land Use History ................................................................................ 7 2.3.2 Subsurface Conditions .................................................................................... 7

2.4 Stage 1 Property Inspection ................................................................... 8 2.4.1 Methodology .................................................................................................... 8 2.4.2 Results ....................................................................................................... 8

2.5 Stage 1 Analysis and Conclusions ........................................................ 9

3.0 STAGE 2 PROPERTY ASSESSMENT ................................................................... 10 3.1 Methodology .......................................................................................... 10 3.2 Record of Finds ..................................................................................... 10 3.3 Stage 2 Analysis and Conclusions ...................................................... 11

4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................... 12

5.0 ADVICE WITH COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION ............................................. 13

6.0 ASSESSOR QUALIFICATIONS ............................................................................. 14

7.0 CLOSURE ............................................................................................................... 15

8.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 17

LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Registered Archaeological Sites within a 1-km Radius ....................................... 4 Table 2: Inventory of Documentary Record .................................................................... 11

LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A: FIGURES

Figure 1 Location of Study Area Figure 2 Aerial Photograph Showing Location of the Study Area and Borehole

Locations from Geotechnical Investigations Completed by Dominion Soil (1998) and CVD (2014)

Figure 3 Topographic Map Showing Location of the Study Area Figure 4 1861 Tremaine Map of the County of Wellington


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Figure 5 1871 Historical Atlas of the County of Wellington Figure 6 Stage 1 Results with Photograph Locations and Directions Figure 7 Stage 2 Results with Photograph Locations and Directions

APPENDIX B: PHOTOGRAPHS APPENDIX C: ASSESSOR QUALIFICATIONS APPENDIX D: LIMITATIONS


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PROJECT PERSONNEL

Project Director: Barbara Slim, M.A. (P348) Project Manager: Barbara Slim, M.A. Field Director Luke Fischer, M.A. (P219) Field Technician Jason Seguin, M.A. (P354) Report Preparation: Barbara Slim, M.A. Graphics: Stephen LaBute, CAD Report Reviewer: Dr. Shaun Austin, Ph.D. (P141)


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1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT

1.1 Development Context

Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure (“Amec Foster Wheeler”) was retained by Rockwater Group (the CLIENT) to conduct a Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment in support of future development of a condominium high rise. This archaeological assessment was triggered under the Planning Act and was conducted prior to development. The property is located at 233 Janefield Avenue, in Guelph, Ontario (“Study Area”). The Study Area was historically described as Part of Lot 9, Concession 4, Township of Guelph, County of Wellington, (Appendix A: Figures 1, 2 and 3). The subject property is owned by Bendetto Di Renzo and Mario Antionio Ri Renzo and is approximately 1.10 hectares (2.7 acres) in size.

The Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment was carried out in accordance with the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport’s (“MTCS”) Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (2011), under an Ontario Professional Licence to Conduct Archaeological Fieldwork (P348) held by Barbara Slim, Senior Archaeologist at Amec Foster Wheeler. The project information was acknowledged by the MTCS on 28 March 2017 with the approval of PIF number P348-0028-2017. Permission to conduct the property inspection and property assessment was granted to Amec Foster Wheeler by the CLIENT on 21 March 2017. This permission extended to all required archaeological fieldwork activities, including the recovery and removal of artifacts.

The Stage 1 property inspection was conducted by Luke Fischer (P219), Senior Archaeologist of Amec Foster Wheeler on 29 March 2017. The weather was sunny and warm and did not impede the inspection in any way. It should be noted that temperatures were also unseasonably warm for several days prior to 29 March 2017, ranging from 12 to 16 degrees Celsius. The Stage 2 test pit survey was conducted on 14 April 2017 under the direction of Luke Fischer (P219), with the assistance of Jason Seguin (P354). The weather during the Stage 2 test pit survey was overcast with an approximate temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, which not impede the property assessment in any way.

This report presents the results of the Stage 1 background study and Stage 2 property assessment and makes pertinent recommendations.

1.2 Scope of Work

This Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment was carried out in accordance with the Terms of Reference provided in Amec Foster Wheeler’s work agreement dated 21 Feb 2017.

A Stage 1 archaeological assessment is a systematic qualitative process executed in order to assess the archaeological potential of a property based on its historical use and



its potential for early Euro-Canadian (early settler) and pre-contact Aboriginal occupation. The objectives of a Stage 1 background study are: 1) to provide information about the property’s geography, history, previous archaeological fieldwork and current land condition; 2) to evaluate in detail the property’s archaeological potential which will support recommendations for Stage 2 property assessment for all or parts of the property if warranted; and, 3) to recommend appropriate strategies for Stage 2 property assessment if warranted.

The Stage 1 background study was conducted in accordance with the Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists, 2011, set out by the MTCS, and with the Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O. 1990, c.0.18.

The scope of work for the Stage 1 background study consisted of the following tasks:

Contacting the MTCS to determine if recorded archaeological sites exist in the vicinity (one-kilometre [“km”] radius) of the property, through a search of the Ontario Archaeological Sites Database maintained by that Ministry;

Contacting the MTCS to determine if there are any known reports of previous archaeological field work within a radius of 50 metres (“m”) around the Study Area;

A desktop review of the Study Area’s physical setting to determine its potential for both historic and pre-contact human occupation, including its topography, hydrology, soils, vegetation, and proximity to important resources and historic transportation routes;

A review of the borehole logs from the 2014 geotechnical drilling programme (CDV Engineering 2014) to understand current conditions and the stratigraphy of the Study Area;

A review of the 2014 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment report (MTE 2014) to understand recent land use on the property;

A review of the potential for historic occupation as documented in historical atlases and other archival sources;

A visual inspection of the Study Area and exploratory judgmental interval test pitting in order to gather first-hand and current evidence of the property’s physical setting, and to aid in delineating areas where archaeological potential may have been impacted or removed by previous land-use practices.

The scope of work for the Stage 2 archaeological assessment consisted of the following tasks:



Organizing public underground utility locates. In addition, Amec Foster Wheeler retained a private utility locator to clear underground utilities;

A test pit survey at appropriate intervals, employing strategies that adhere to the technical standards for Stage 2 archaeological assessments as prescribed by the MTCS (2011);

Mapping, photographing and other relevant graphics; and,

Preparing a report of findings with recommendations regarding the need for further archaeological work if deemed necessary.

Sites discovered during a Stage 2 assessment that are determined to have cultural value or interest may be recommended for a Stage 3 site-specific assessment. The preferred option, however, is to avoid, and therefore protect, such sites wherever possible.



2.0 STAGE 1 BACKGROUND STUDY

As part of the Stage 1 archaeological assessment, Amec Foster Wheeler contacted MTCS to determine if archaeological sites have been registered within 1 km of the property (Section 2.1.1), and if previous archaeological assessments have been carried out within a 50-m radius (Section 2.1.2). Secondly, the principal determinants of archaeological potential–proximity to water, topography, drainage, soils, vegetation, and proximity to important resources and historically significant transportation routes–were examined in order to evaluate the property’s overall archaeological potential (Sections 2.1, 2.1.3, 2.2, and 2.2.1). Thirdly, the specific potential for historic archaeological resources was assessed through an examination of available historical maps and other archival sources (Section 2.2). Finally, Amec Foster Wheeler performed a review of recent environmental investigations completed within the Study Area to document current land conditions and to supplement our desktop background investigation (Section 2.3).

2.1 Archaeological Context

2.1.1 Registered Archaeological Sites

Amec Foster Wheeler conducted the requisite Stage 1 background research. First, the MTCS was asked to search the Ontario Archaeological Sites Database in order to ascertain if previously registered archaeological sites have been identified in close proximity to the Study Area.

In Ontario, information concerning archaeology sites is stored in the Ontario Archaeological Sites Database (OASD) maintained by the MTCS. This database contains archaeological registered sites within the Borden system. Under the Borden system, Canada has been divided into grid blocks based on longitude and latitude. A Borden block is approximately 13 km east to west, and approximately 18.5 km north to south. Each Borden block is referred to by a four letter designation and sites located within the block are numbered sequentially as they are found. The subject property is located within the AjHb Borden Block. On the basis of a search of the OASD (inquiries made to Mr. Rob von Bitter, Database Co-ordinator of MTCS), there is one registered archaeological site located within a 1-km radius.

Table 1 provides a summary of this site:

Table 1: Registered Archaeological Sites within a 1-km Radius

Borden Number

Site Name Cultural Affiliation Site Type Researcher

AjHb-79 -

Euro-Canadian

Homestead Jacquie Fischer (2009)



2.1.2 History of Archaeological Investigations

A request for relevant reports within 50 m of the Study Area was also placed with MTCS on 05 April 2017. Enquiries to the MTCS indicated that no previous archaeological assessments have been conducted within 50 m of the subject lands. However, a Stage 1 to 3 archaeological assessment was completed on the right-of-way approximately 75 m to the southwest of the Study Area:

2010 Highway 6 (Hanlon Expressway) Intersection Improvements, City of Guelph and Puslinch Township, Wellington County, Ontario. Prepared for Dillon Consulting Limited, prepared by Fisher Archaeological Consulting, April 2010, (PIF P042-171-2009, P042-197-2009).

In 2009, Fischer Archaeological Consulting conducted a Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment on a number of intersections alongside Highway 6 (Hanlon Expressway) including Stone Road and Highway 6, which is located to the southwest of the Study Area. The Stage 2 test pit survey resulted in the identification of a newly discovered archaeological site, located approximately 180 m to the southwest of the Study Area. Archaeological site AjHb-79 consists of a Euro-Canadian homestead dating to the second quarter of the 19th century. Following Stage 3 assessment, it was recommended that Stage 4 mitigation be conducted in the event that future construction activities were planned within the archaeological site and/or the buffer zone.

2.1.3 Environmental Context

The Study Area (Appendix A: Figures 1–3) is situated in the Guelph Drumlin Field physiographic region of Ontario (Chapman and Putnam 1984: 113). The Guelph Drumlin physiographic region spans an area of approximately 82,880 hectares (204,799 acres) and includes portions of greater Hamilton, Wellington County, and the Regional Municipalities of Waterloo and Halton. The till is pale brown in colour, loamy and calcareous and contains fragments of the underlying red shale (Chapman and Putnam 1984: 137). It is underlain by dolostones of the Amabel and Guelph Formations. The landform pattern consists of “drumlins fringed by gravel terraces and separated by swampy valleys” with flowing tributaries; “several gravel ridges or eskers cross the plain in the same general direction with meltwater spillways cutting through” (Chapman and Putnam 1984: 138). The Speed and Eramosa Rivers are two big glacial spillways located within this physiographic region.

The Study Area is situated within the Drumlin Field and located approximately 1,275 m southeast of the Speed River. Based on a review of CVD’s (2014) geotechnical investigation, soil conditions consist of brown, compact to very dense sand with variable amounts of silt and gravel (CDV 2014: 2). The topography slopes downward towards the west with what appears to be a drainage ditch and/or dry swale transecting the Study Area. The majority of the Study Area was observed to have been stripped of topsoil and to contain imported fill within construction debris. A fill mound was observed on the



southwestern portion of the Study Area. Where natural topsoils were observed they consisted of a medium brown compacted sandy silt.

It is crucial to consider the proximity of water sources in any evaluation of archaeological potential because the availability of water is arguably the single most important determinant of human land use, past and present. The Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (MTCS 2011) lists proximity to water as one of the prime indicators of potential for the presence of archaeological sites. Distance from potable water has been one of the most commonly used variables for predictive modeling of site location. Water, both potable and non-potable, also facilitated the transportation of people and goods and served to focus animal and vegetable resources. According to the 2011 Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists, lands within 300 metres of an extant or formerly mapped river or creek have potential for the presence of early Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian archaeological sites. Creeks and/or associated tributaries are not illustrated within 300 m of the Study Area; however, a dry swale or drainage ditch was observed transecting the Study Area.

In summary, a review of the archaeological context supports a conclusion of overall archaeological potential and the need for a Stage 2 assessment. Although natural water sources are not located within 300 m of the Study Area, we have direct evidence that this general area had been exploited by historic Euro-Canadian peoples in that one archaeological site has been previously registered within a 1-km radius.

2.2 Historical Context

The Study Area is located within the Township of Guelph, County of Wellington. Wellington County was named after Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington born in 1769 (Ade n.d.). This area was settled and developed by John Galt, an employee of the Canada Company which was an organization designed to settle immigrants (Boyle 1991: 68). The City of Guelph was founded by John Galt on April 23, 1827 (Lloyd 1906: 3). Guelph was located approximately 2,300 m to the north of the Study Area. Between 1827 and 1828 the first sawmill and store were opened by David Gilkinson. By the 1830s, Guelph became the main agricultural centre in the area and contained a grist mill, sawmill, distillery, brewery, cooperage, metal shop, planning mill, woodworking shop, tannery, five Inns, four merchant shops, four blacksmith shops and three churches (Boyle 1991: 69). It was the fastest growing settlement for the Canada Company. In 1831 the City of Guelph consisted of 47,000 acres with a population of 1,050. By 1846 the population had increased to 1,350 (Lloyd 1906: 4). In 1851 Guelph received a village charter and the City of Guelph was incorporated in 1856. The population increased significantly during this time: 5,000 in 1856, over 6,000 in 1870, 8,000 in 1875, 10,000 in 1879 and 12,000 in 1906 (Lloyd 1906: 4). From its inception the City of Guelph was a prosperous manufacturing and commercial centre.



2.2.1 Review of Historical Records

Historical records and mapping were examined for evidence of early Euro-Canadian use of the Study Area. The Study Area was located on Part of Lot 9, Concession 4, Township of Guelph, Wellington County, Ontario (Tremaine, 1861).

The 1861 Tremaine’s Map of the County of Wellington (Figure 4) was examined in an effort to determine the potential for historic archaeological evidence within the Study Area, which at that time appears to be under the ownership of Jonathan Howitt (Appendix A: Figure 4). Historical features are not illustrated within the Study Area. Historical roadways are illustrated approximately 100 m southeast and southwest of the Study Area.

In addition, the 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Wellington (Walker and Miles 1877; Appendix A: Figure 5) was examined. In 1877, the subject property was still under the ownership of Mr. Howitt. Roadways are depicted in the same positions to the southeast and southwest of the Study Area; a farmstead is illustrated on the northeastern portion of the parcel, to the northeast of the Study Area.

In summary, a review of the historical context supports a conclusion of overall archaeological potential and the need for a Stage 2 assessment since the Study Area is located approximately 180 m northeast of a registered archaeological site and within 100 m of historical roadways as illustrated in the 1861 and 1871 historical maps. As per the MTCS’s Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists, any areas within 100 m of early historic transportation routes and 300 m of early Euro-Canadian settlement require Stage 2 property assessment prior to development.

2.3 Additional Information

2.3.1 Recent Land Use History

MTE Consultants Inc. completed a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (“ESA”) Report in 2014 (MTE 2014), which describes the recent land use history of this property. Based on a review of the above-mentioned report, the Study Area in 2014 consisted of vacant undeveloped land with grass cover (MTE 2014: 11). A stockpile was reportedly present near the centre of the property and was comprised of the topsoil that was formerly stripped from the Study Area during a previous grading episode (MTE 2014: 11).

2.3.2 Subsurface Conditions

Geotechnical investigations of the Study Area were conducted in 2014 and 1988.

Dominion Soil completed a geotechnical investigation in 1988 (Dominion Soil 1988). This investigation consisted of the advancement of seven boreholes (“BHs”) throughout the Study Area (Appendix A: Figure 2). Dominion Soil (1988: 3) indicated that the Study Area has been graded and the vast majority of the property consisted of fill material which



extended to a depth of 1.4 to 2.3 m below grade. Surficial topsoil was encountered only in two of the advanced boreholes located on the eastern portion of the Study Area.

Chung and Vander Doelen Engineering Ltd. (CVD) completed a geotechnical investigation in 2014. This investigation consisted of the advancement of three boreholes throughout the Study Area (Appendix A: Figure 2). CVD (2014: 2) indicated that the topsoil stockpile referenced in Dominion Soil’s investigation in 1998 was removed prior to 27 August 2014. The subsurface conditions within the Study Area reportedly consisted of fill throughout. Subsoil reportedly consisted of sand and silt till layers.

This review of the above-mentioned geotechnical reports concluded that grading has removed archaeological potential within the majority of the Study Area. A review of the borehole logs suggested that there were pockets of land where the original topsoil might still be present.

2.4 Stage 1 Property Inspection

2.4.1 Methodology

The Stage 1 property inspection was conducted by Luke Fischer (P219) of Amec Foster Wheeler on 29 March 2017 to confirm archaeological site potential and to determine the degree to which development and landscape alteration have affected that potential. The weather was sunny and warm and did not impede the inspection in any way. It should be noted that temperatures were also unseasonably warm for several days prior 29 March 2017, ranging from 12 to 16 degrees Celsius.

The intent of the Stage 1 property inspection was to assess the extent of grading that had occurred within the Study Area in order to inform the Stage 2 methodology. The Stage 1 property inspection included a walk-through of the entire property as well as exploratory judgemental interval test pitting to determine which areas, if any, still retained original topsoil. The property inspection was thoroughly photo-documented. Field observations were recorded on aerial maps and field forms. All land conditions were recorded as shown in Appendix A: Figure 6 and Appendix B: Photographs 1-9.

2.4.2 Results

The Study Area is currently covered by grassy vegetation which is occasionally cut down whenever it gets too long, leaving long lines of cut vegetation that may resemble plough furrows in aerial photographs (Appendix A: Photograph 5). The Study Area slopes downward towards the west. A stockpile of construction debris, consisting of sand, gravel and concrete chunks, was observed in the southern portion of the Study Area (Appendix B: Photograph 6).

A review of recent land use history and the Stage 1 property inspection, which included a cursory examination of soil conditions through exploratory judgemental interval test pitting,



indicated that the majority of the Study Area has been subjected to extensive land grading, followed by the deposition of imported fill material containing concrete chunks and other construction debris. Elsewhere, it appeared from the Stage 1 property inspection that intact topsoil had been retained within small pockets in the eastern and western portions of the property.

2.5 Stage 1 Analysis and Conclusions

A review of historical records indicates that the Study Area was under the ownership of Mr. Howitt from 1861 until at least 1877. Historical features were not observed in the historical maps reviewed; however, historical roadways were depicted within 100 m to the southeast and southwest of the Study Area.

The Stage 1 background study indicated that undisturbed portions of the subject property have archaeological potential and warrant Stage 2 property assessment for two principal reasons: 1) the known presence of an archaeological site approximately 180 m to the southwest, providing direct evidence that this general area had been exploited by historic Euro-Canadian peoples; and, 2) the location of the Study Area within 100 m of historical transportation routes.

The presence of buried concrete chunks and other building material means that ploughing and pedestrian survey is not viable as a Stage 2 assessment strategy for the majority of this property. Nevertheless, it is recommended that further judgemental interval test pitting should be carried out in those areas suspected to have had original topsoil and archaeological potential comprehensively removed in order to confirm the extent of this previous disturbance. Where intact topsoil has been retained within small pockets in the eastern and western portions of the property (Appendix A: Figure 6), 5-m interval test pit survey should be conducted as each of these pockets measures less than 10 m by 10 m.



3.0 STAGE 2 PROPERTY ASSESSMENT

3.1 Methodology

The Stage 2 property assessment was conducted on 14 April 2017 under the direction of Luke Fischer (P219), with the assistance of Jason Seguin (P354). The weather during the Stage 2 test pit survey was overcast with an approximate temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, which did not impede the assessment in any way.

Because of the presence of buried concrete chunks and other building material, ploughing and pedestrian survey was not viable as a Stage 2 assessment strategy for the majority of this property. Amec Foster Wheeler approached a ploughing company and was informed that without removing the construction debris (some of which is located below grade) this area could not be ploughed. Nevertheless, this area was subjected to judgemental interval test pitting to confirm the extent to which the original topsoil and archaeological potential had been comprehensively removed. All test pits in the disturbed area were dug to a depth of 35 cm and any soils encountered were screened for artifacts through six-millimetre (“mm”) mesh screens. The eastern and western portions of the property, where intact topsoil has been retained within small pockets measuring less than 10 m by 10 m each, were assessed by means of 5-m interval test pit survey (Appendix A: Figure 6). As per Amec Foster Wheeler’s safety standards, test pits were not advanced within 1 m of any buried utility services; however, the Amec Foster Wheeler crew was able to conform to a 5-m interval grid within all areas of archaeological potential. All test pits were dug to a minimum diameter of 30 cm in diameter and to a minimum of five centimetres into the subsoil. Soil fills were screened through 6-mm mesh screens in order to facilitate artifact recovery. Test pit profiles were examined for cultural deposits prior to being backfilled. All test pits were completely backfilled.

The Amec Foster Wheeler field crew photo-documented the assessment (Appendix A: Figure 7; and Appendix B: Photographs 10- 15).

3.2 Record of Finds

Soil conditions encountered during the test pit survey in the pockets where original topsoil remained consisted a medium brown compacted sandy silt loam (0-35 cm) overlaying a yellow sandy silt subsoil (Appendix B: Photograph 11). The topsoil depth varied from 30 to 35 cm. Conversely, within the disturbed portion the Study Area, the judgementally spaced test pits contained construction debris within a matrix of imported grey sand and gravel fill (Appendix B: Photographs 12 and 14).



All test pits were devoid of artifacts or cultural deposits.

The following table provides the inventory of documentary records accumulated as part of this assessment:

Table 2: Inventory of Documentary Record

Study Area Map and Photo(s) Field Notes

Part of Lot 9, Concession 4, Township of Guelph, County of Wellington

Copies of 2 historical maps, 15 Stage 1 and 2 photographs

Stage 1 & 2 photo logs and field notes

Documentation related to the archaeological assessment of this project will be curated by Amec Foster Wheeler until such time that arrangements for their ultimate transfer to Her Majesty the Queen in right of Ontario, or other public institution, can be made to the satisfaction of the project owner, the MTCS and any other legitimate interest groups.

3.3 Stage 2 Analysis and Conclusions

The Stage 2 assessment of previously graded and filled areas by means of judgemental interval test pits successfully confirmed the extent of previous disturbance and archaeological potential removal. Those small pockets of land that contained intact topsoil in the east and west were subjected to regular 5-m interval test pit survey.

The test pits within the Study Area were devoid of artifacts or cultural deposits and no new archaeological sites were encountered.



4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

In light of the results presented above, the following recommendation is made, subject to the conditions outlined below and in Section 5.0:

1) The Study Area requires no further archaeological assessment.

The above recommendation is subject to Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport approval, and it is an offence to alter any of the Study Area without Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport concurrence.

No grading or other activities that may result in the destruction or disturbance of the Study Area is permitted until notice of Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport approval has been received.



5.0 ADVICE WITH COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION

a) This report is submitted to the Minister of Tourism, Culture and Sport as a condition of licensing in accordance with Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O. 1990, c 0.18. The report is reviewed to ensure that it complies with the standards and guidelines that are issued by the Minister, and that the archaeological fieldwork and report recommendations ensure the conservation, protection and preservation of the cultural heritage of Ontario. When all matters relating to archaeological sites within the project area of a development proposal have been addressed to the satisfaction of the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport, a letter will be issued by the ministry stating that there are no further concerns with regard to alterations to archaeological sites by the proposed development.

b) It is an offence under Sections 48 and 69 of the Ontario Heritage Act for any party other than a licensed archaeologist to make any alteration to a known archaeological site or to remove any artifact or other physical evidence of past human use or activity from the site, until such a time as a licensed archaeologist has completed archaeological fieldwork on the site, submitted a report to the Minister stating that the site has no further cultural heritage value or interest, and the report has been filed in the Ontario Public Register of Archaeological Reports referred to in Section 65.1 of the Ontario Heritage Act.

c) Should previously undocumented archaeological resources be discovered, they may be a new archaeological site and therefore subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The proponent or person discovering the archaeological resources must cease alteration of the site immediately and engage a licensed consultant archaeologist to carry out archaeological fieldwork, in compliance with Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act.

d) The Funeral, Burial and Cremation Services Act, 2002, S.O. 2002, c.33 requires that any person discovering human remains must notify the police or corner and the Registrar of Cemeteries at the Ministry of Consumer Services.



6.0 ASSESSOR QUALIFICATIONS

This report was prepared and reviewed by the undersigned, employees of Amec Foster Wheeler. Amec Foster Wheeler is one of North America’s leading engineering firms, with more than 50 years of experience in the earth and environmental consulting industry. The qualifications of the assessors involved in the preparation of this report are provided in Appendix C.



7.0 CLOSURE

This report was prepared for the exclusive use of Rockwater Group and is intended to provide a Stage 1 & 2 archaeological assessment of the Study Area. The property is located at 233 Janefield Avenue, Guelph, Ontario. The property is legally described as Part of Lot 9, Concession 4, Township of Guelph, County of Wellington, Ontario.

Any use which a third party makes of this report, or any reliance on or decisions to be made based on it, are the responsibility of the third party. Should additional parties require reliance on this report, written authorization from Amec Foster Wheeler will be required. With respect to third parties, Amec Foster Wheeler has no liability or responsibility for losses of any kind whatsoever, including direct or consequential financial effects on transactions or property values, or requirements for follow-up actions and costs.

The report is based on data and information collected during the Stage 1 background study and Stage 2 property inspection conducted by Amec Foster Wheeler. It is based solely a review of historical information, a property reconnaissance conducted on 29 March 2017 & 12 April 2017 and data obtained by Amec Foster Wheeler as described in this report. Except as otherwise maybe specified, Amec Foster Wheeler disclaims any obligation to update this report for events taking place, or with respect to information that becomes available to Amec Foster Wheeler after the time during which Amec Foster Wheeler conducted the archaeological assessment. In evaluating the property, Amec Foster Wheeler has relied in good faith on information provided by other individuals noted in this report. Amec Foster Wheeler has assumed that the information provided is factual and accurate. In addition, the findings in this report are based, to a large degree, upon information provided by the current owner/occupant. Amec Foster Wheeler accepts no responsibility for any deficiency, misstatement or inaccuracy contained in this report as a result of omissions, misinterpretations or fraudulent acts of persons interviewed or contacted.

Amec Foster Wheeler makes no other representations whatsoever, including those concerning the legal significance of its findings, or as to other legal matters touched on in this report, including, but not limited to, ownership of any property, or the application of any law to the facts set forth herein. With respect to regulatory compliance issues, regulatory statutes are subject to interpretation and change. Such interpretations and regulatory changes should be reviewed with legal counsel.

This report is also subject to the further Standard Limitations contained in Appendix D.



We trust that the information presented in this report meets your current requirements. Should you have any questions, or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact the undersigned.

Respectfully Submitted,

Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure a division of Amec Foster Wheeler Americas Limited

Prepared by, Reviewed by,

Barbara Slim, M.A. (P329) Shaun Austin, Ph.D. (P141)

Senior Archaeologist Associate Archaeologist



8.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ade, W.F. n.d. “Pioneers”. Scrap Book Guelph, Guelph Public Library (Ref. 971.34 SCR C.1) Chapman, L.J. and D. F. Putnam 1984 The Physiography of Southern Ontario. Second Edition. Ontario Geological

Survey, Special Volume 2. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto University Press, Toronto.

Chung & Vander Doelen Engineering Ltd. 2014 Geotechnical Investigation: Proposed Townhouse Development, 233 Janefield

Avenue, Guelph, Ontario. Prepared for Rockwater Group, dated 26 September 2014, Ref. No. 14-08-K05.

Dominion Soil Investigation Inc. 1988 Subsurface Investigation: Proposed Speed River House Co-Operative, Janefield

Drive, Guelph, Ontario. Prepared for Waterloo-Wellington Non-Profit Homes c/o Fryett, Shifflett Associates, dated June 1988, Ref. No. 88-6-K1.

Fischer Archaeological Consulting 2010 Highway 6 (Hanlon Expressway) Intersection Improvements, City of Guelph and

Puslinch Township, Wellington County, Ontario. Prepared for Dillon Consulting Limited, prepared by Fisher Archaeological Consulting, April 2010, (PIF P042-171-2009, P042-197-2009).

Lloyd, Frank P. 1906 Historical Atlas of Wellington County. Historical Atlas Publishing Company,

Ontario. Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport 2011 Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists, Ontario Ministry of

Tourism, Culture and Sport, Toronto. MTE Consultants Inc. 2014 Phase I Environmental Assessment: 233 Janefield Avenue, Guelph, ON.

Prepared for Rockwater Holdings Inc., dated 25 August 2014, Ref. No. 39540-100. Walker and Miles 1877 Historical Atlas of Wentworth and Wellington Counties, 1881-1877. Walker and

Miles Publishing Company, Toronto.


Project Number SWW171069 Appendix A

APPENDIX A

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Project Number SWW171069 Appendix B

APPENDIX B

PHOTOGRAPHS

PROJECT NO. SWW171069

PROJECT

LOCATION 233 Janefield Avenue, Guelph, Ontario

View of study area, facingsoutheast.

Note: gravel conditions observed onforeground.

PHOTOGRAPH 2

Description

View of judgemental test-pittingbeing completed, facing southwest.

Note: disturbed (gravel) conditionsbelow the grassy areas.

APPENDIX B - PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD

Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment

PHOTOGRAPH 1

Description


PROJECT




PHOTOGRAPH 3

Description

View of study area facingsoutheast.

PHOTOGRAPH 4

Description

View of field conditions facing down.


PROJECT


View of study area facingsouthwest.

Note: shrub present in foreground.

PHOTOGRAPH 6

Description

View of construction debris locatedwithin construction pile



PHOTOGRAPH 5

Description


PROJECT


View of construction debrisobserved within study area, facingdown.

PHOTOGRAPH 8

Description

View of test-pit showingconstruction debris, facing down.



PHOTOGRAPH 7

Description


PROJECT


View of test-pit showingconstruction debris, facing down.

PHOTOGRAPH 10

Description

View of Amec Foster Wheelerarchaeologist test-pitting in pocketof archaeological potential, facingsoutheast.



PHOTOGRAPH 9

Description


PROJECT


View of representative test-pit inarea of archaeological potential,showing original soil conditions,facing down.

PHOTOGRAPH 12

Description

View of respresentative test-pitshowing disturbed conditions, facingdown.



PHOTOGRAPH 11

Description


PROJECT


View of Amec Foster Wheelerarchaeologist test-pitting, facingnortheast.

PHOTOGRAPH 14

Description

View of representative test-pitshowing disturbed conditions, facingdown.



PHOTOGRAPH 13

Description


PROJECT


View of Amec Foster Wheelerarchaeologist test-pitting, facingnorthwest.



PHOTOGRAPH 15

Description


Project Number SWW171069 Appendix C

APPENDIX C

ASSESSOR QUALIFICATIONS


Project Number SWW171069

ASSESSOR QUALIFICATIONS

Dr. Shaun Austin, Ph.D. – Associate Archaeologist

Dr. Austin is the leader of Amec Foster Wheeler’s cultural heritage resources group and is based in the Amec Foster Wheeler’s Hamilton Office. He has been working in Canadian archaeology and heritage since 1976 and as an archaeological and heritage consultant in Ontario since 1987. He is a dedicated cultural heritage consultant with repeated success guiding projects through to completion to the satisfaction of the development proponent, the cultural heritage community and all other stakeholder groups. His areas of interest and expertise include pre-contact Aboriginal lithics and ceramics. Dr. Austin holds a Professional Archaeology License (P141) issued by the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport, is MTO RAQs certified in Archaeology/Heritage and is a member of the Ontario Association of Professional Archaeologists.

Barbara Slim, M.A. – Senior Archaeologist

Ms. Slim is a Senior Archaeologist with more than 12 years of experience in the archaeological field and has participated in and directed numerous Stage 1 to 4 archaeological assessments in Ontario. As a founding member of the Amec Foster Wheeler’s Ontario archaeology team, Ms. Slim has performed every aspect of project execution, from client relations, project design and First Nation’s engagement to MTCS clearance. The majority of the above-mentioned projects have included First Nations involvement. In addition to her archaeological experience, Ms. Slim has several years of experience in conducting environmental investigations and occupational hygiene assessments. Furthermore, she currently serves as Health & Safety Coordinator for her office. Her diverse background with multidisciplinary projects has highlighted her abilities as an effective team member and innovator. Ms. Slim holds a Professional Archaeology License (P348) issued by the Ontario MTCS, is a member of the Ontario Association of Professional Archaeologists and Ontario Archaeological Association.

Luke Fischer, M.A. – Senior Archaeologist

Mr. Fischer is a Senior Archaeologist at Amec Foster Wheeler with over 13 years of experience in Ontario archaeology. In addition to extensive experience as an Archaeological Field Director in Ontario Mr. Fischer has operated as a crew lead in the cultural resource management field on large infrastructure projects in Alberta, British Columbia, and Illinois. Mr. Fischer has successfully coordinated efforts; field directed and authored reports for Stage 1 to 4 archaeological investigations for multiple categories of development proponents. His expertise includes the archaeological prehistory and history of the Ontario Great Lakes region. Mr. Fischer’s educational



background includes the archaeological study of Euro-Canadian standing buildings as well as First Nations material culture. Mr. Fischer has been involved with First Nations participation on multiple projects. Mr. Fischer holds a Professional Archaeology License (P219) issued by the MTCS and is a member of the OAS.

Jason Seguin, M.A. – Senior Archaeologist

Mr. Seguin has been engaged in archaeology since 2004. Mr. Seguin has conducted stage 1 to 4 archaeological assessments including background searches, field surveys, archaeological excavations, analysis of cultural artifacts, laboratory work and reporting. Mr. Seguin is involved in project management and supervision as well as being an archaeological laboratory director. Mr. Seguin has developed research and communication skills through editing field reports, teaching university level students in both lecture and seminar environments, as well as preparing and presenting presentations at academic conferences. Mr. Seguin’s education and work experience have provided him with an extensive knowledge base, consisting of theoretical and practical experience in cultural resource management in Canada and Central America, as well as curatorial, archival and museum management experience. Mr. Seguin holds a Master’s Degree in Anthropology from Trent University, and a Post-Graduate Certificate in Museum Management and Curatorship from Sir Sandford Fleming College. Mr. Seguin holds a Professional Archaeology License (License P354) issued by the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport.


Project Number SWW171069 Appendix D

APPENDIX D

LIMITATIONS



LIMITATIONS 1. The work performed in the preparation of this report and the conclusions presented are

subject to the following:

(a) The Standard Terms and Conditions which form a part of our Professional Services Contract;

(b) The Scope of Services;

(c) Time and Budgetary limitations as described in our Contract; and,

(d) The Limitations stated herein.

2. No other warranties or representations, either expressed or implied, are made as to the professional services provided under the terms of our Contract, or the conclusions presented.

3. The conclusions presented in this report were based, in part, on visual observations of the Study Area. Our conclusions cannot and are not extended to include those portions of the Study Area which were not reasonably available, in Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure’s opinion, for direct observation.

4. The potential for archaeological resources, and any actual archaeological resources encountered, at the Study Area were assessed, within the limitations set out above, having due regard for applicable heritage regulations as of the date of the inspection.

5. Services including a background study and fieldwork were performed. Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure’s work, including archival studies and fieldwork, were completed in a professional manner and in accordance with the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport’s guidelines. It is possible that unforeseen and undiscovered archaeological resources may be present at the Study Area.

6. The utilization of Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure’s services during the implementation of any further archaeological work recommended will allow Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure to observe compliance with the conclusions and recommendations contained in the report. Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure’s involvement will also allow for changes to be made as necessary to suit field conditions as they are encountered.

7. This report is for the sole use of the parties to whom it is addressed unless expressly stated otherwise in the report or contract. Any use which any third party makes of the report, in whole or in part, or any reliance thereon, or decisions made based on any information of conclusions in the report, is the sole responsibility of such third party. Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure accepts no responsibility whatsoever for damages or loss of any nature or kind suffered by any such third party as a result of actions taken or not taken or decisions made in reliance on the report or anything set out therein.

8. This report is not to be given over to any third-party other than a governmental entity, for any purpose whatsoever without the written permission of Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.

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