OSTEOPOROSIS

Hamad Emad H. Dhuhayr

CONTENTS

• DEFINITION

• ETIOLOGY

• CLINICAL PICTURE

• INVESTIGATION

• TREATMENT

DEFINITION

• Osteoporosis or bone thinning is a disease characterized by a decrease in bone

mass and density; that's to say, bones become more porous, fragile, and

breakable due to the loss of calcium. And the most common fractures are those

occurring in the areas of hip, spine and wrist.

ETIOLOGY

• TYPE OF PRIMARY OSTEOPOROSIS

CONT….

SECONDARY OSTEOPOROSIS IN ADULTS:-

1. Endocrinal

2. Malnutrition or malabsorption

3. Neoplastic

4. Connective tissue disease

5. Miscellanous

CLINICAL PICTURE

• Bone pain

• Deformities: kyphosis, vertebral

collapse with los of height

• Pathological fracture

Deferential diagnosis

1. Osteomalacia osteoporosis

• Unwell well

• Generalized chronic ache pain after #

• Muscles weakness muscle normal

• Looser’s zone absent

• Ph3 decrease normal

• Alk. Ph3ase increase normal

INVESTIGATION

• A- lab

plasma:-

Ca, p and alkaline p >>>>>normal except in recent fracture, it is elevated

• B- x-ray

• C- DEXA

DXA-BONE DENSITY TESTING

TREATMENT

Prevention:

• Getting vitamin D.

• Exposing to sunrays for a period not less than 20 minutes a day.

• Avoiding hard physical activities.

• Improving the lifestyle.

• Maintaining an ideal weight.

• Good nutrition.

• Stop smoking, alcohol – hip protect

CONT…

Medications

1. Ca and vit D

2. Bisphosphonate: Alendronate

3. SERM: Raloxifen

4. Estrogen replacement therapy

5. Androgen or anabolic steroid in male

6. Calcitonin spray

7. Recombinant human pth

8. Stronium ralenate

9. Analgesic pain

REFFRENCES

• KUMAR

• CECIEL

• WEBSITE