Chapter 13Special

Populations

OsteoporosisOsteopenia

Definition & DescriptionOsteoporosis (Os-tee-oh-puh-roh-sis)

A condition in which there is a decrease in bone mass and density as well as an increase in the space between bones resulting in porosity and fragility.

Osteopenia is a decrease in Bone Mineral Density. Diagnosed before Osteoporosis.

Broken down into 2 categories.

Description Continued!

Osteoporosis Primary – A natural cause due to a reduction of Estrogen and Progesterone which are bone density regulators.

Osteoporosis Secondary – Caused by Medical Conditions, Medications or even daily habits such as, Alcohol and Drug abuse and Smoking.

Who gets it? What are the Symptoms?

Primarily women over 50 years old

NOT EXCLUSIVE! Men can develop Osteoporosis as well.

34 million adults have low bone mass25 million have Osteoporosis1.5 million develop Hip Fractures80% will not return to normal

Common areas include the Femur, Vertebrae and Wrist.

A weaker core is developed due to limited mobility.

Is it reversible? What can we do to help as trainers?

Resistance training slows or reverses SOME of the effects of Osteoporosis.

Core, Stability and Flexibility training is a must!

Resistance training can PARTIALLY help reduce the chances of fractures.

So what does a program look like?

Frequency 3 - 5 Days a week

Intensity 40% - 70%*

Time 20 – 60 Minutes a day

Type – Resistance, Aerobic and Flexibility

* 75% - 85% intensity is needed to increase bone density. DO NOT start clientsat high intensity.

* It will take about 6 months at higher intensity to see a noticeable difference in bone density.

What is the term before Osteoporosis is officially diagnosed?

Does Resistance Training Completely Reverse Osteoporosis?

What intensity level should a client first train in? What is the intensity level needed to improve bone density?

What exercises should be avoided when programming for a client with Osteoporosis?

Describe the two classifications of Osteoporosis.

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