Other Social Movements

Chapter 30

Background to the Women’s Movement

FeminismIncreased employment and education during the 1950’s and 1960’s Expected to only work a short time and

then start a family Paid less than men for the same jobs

Civil Rights Movement Civil Rights Act of 1964

Women’s Groups Betty Friedan’s the Feminine

Mystique National Organization of Women

(NOW)

Women’s Movement (cont.)Impact of Feminism Literary

Ms. Magazine – Gloria Steinham Roe v. Wade (1973) – legalized

abortion The Equal Rights Amendment

(ERA); didn’t pass

Opposition to the Women’s Movement Men want traditional roles African American women focused

on civil rights rather than women’s rights

Ethnic Minorities Seek Equality

Latinos

Cesar Chavez United Farm Workers (UFW) Boycotts Help for farm workers (migrant)

Asians Japanese American Citizens

League (JACL) Legislation that compensated

those who were in camps in WWII Hawaii – statehood – pride for

Asian Americans

Native American StrugglesNot citizens until 1924High rates of unemployment, alcoholism, and suicideThe American Indian Movement (AIM) Wanted autonomy – self govt.

Occupation of Alcatraz (abandoned prison), failedWounded Knee – site of 1890 massacre of Sioux

AIM took over village to draw attention to issuesViolence; broken up

Indian Education Act; Indian Self-Determination Act (1970’s)

Environmental MovementRachel Carson- Silent Spring DDT (pesticide) & destruction of species;

harm to humans

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC); insured safety at sitesEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) Clean Air Act (1970) Clean Water Act (1972)

The Consumer Movement Ralph Nader – dangers of cars – “coffins

on wheels” Nader’s Raiders – reformers Motor Vehicle Safety Act Wholesome Meat Act