Our Baptist Neighbors in Japan

1923

Pre pared by the Conference of the Missionaries of the

AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY

and of the

WOMAN'S AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY

Meeting at Arima, Japan, June. 1923

(Replacing the Japan Baptist Annual for 1923)

ORIGINALLY EDITED BY THE PCBLlClTY CO:\BlITTEE OF THE J.\}>.\X ll.\PTIST )IJ~SIOX

ROYAL H. FISHER ~1 ns. ]. F. GRESSITT JESSE R. WILSOX

Revised. Abridpcd and Published by the

BAPTIST BOARD OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF MISSIONARY EDUCATIO~

276 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK CITY, U. S. A.

January. 1924

.' ~rm.!!,_ !"~;;'lF~~~~ If «s ~.""'~l-ilL. ...... ~.q .. _ t.,~'-:-"-~:!~ './ '

Scott Hall, the Christian Center at Waseda Univer!lity-Before and After the Earthquake

.~ .. ------ ....

III i ...... -------_ .. _ .. -.--. ,. I!

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... II , • •• •• H • -• Fire-swept Shell of the New Baptist

Church-Yokohama. Ruins of Ateugi Church

(See page 18)

INTRODUCTION

T HE Department of Missionary Education received from the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society and from the Baptists of Japan their approval of the plan whereby the

Japan Annual for 1923 should be prepared from the American point of view for special use in reading courses, mission study classes and Church Schools of Missions.

"Our Baptist Neighbors in Japan" was the appropriate title selected for this book.

This plan further appealed to Japanese Baptists since they were celebrating fifty years of organized Baptist work in Japan, and the preparation of such a book would fittingly accord with such a celebration.

Joy was turned to mourning by the horrors of the earthquake in the T okyo-Yokohama district. Our finest institutions were laid waste: our workers left destitute and bereaved. The booklet which was to have told American Baptists the story of their Japanese brethren was being printed in a Yokohama shop which was utterly demolished. \Yith much labor the material was gathered together again by our missionaries, carbon copies and proof sheets making it possible to recover most of the text. The pictures, a splendid new collection, suffered total loss and only a few of them can be reproduced.

The publication of the complete booklet is not possible because of financial stringency-but we have here attempted to skim the cream, and by abridgement saye the gist of the original material.

Read this. and meet our Japanese Baptists-not all, for they are a host-but some worthy representatives. Greet them as friends and brethren in Christ-brethren whose country has been through fiery ordeals ,,,"hich have melted our own hearts.

The Department of 11:issionary Education is grateful for the special services which Rev. Douglas G. flaring, of Japan, has rendered in text revision, condensation. proof correction and the selection of pictures.

\Ve comm~nd to American Baptists the careful reading and study of the hook which came out of the Fire.

\VILLIA:\f :\. HILL,

Sccrefa7":,' of },,{issionar:y Educaf-ioll.

Kew York City, January, 1924.

NOTES

The Yen, the Japanese unit of money, equals about 49 cents U. S. currency. A sen is 1/100th of a yen, or about half a cent.

Pl'OII.1IDCiation:

Consonants, except final "n", belong with the vowel fol­lowing the.m, never with the one preceding: e. g., Y okoharna is Yo-ko-ha-ma, not Yok-o-ham-a.

Accent aD syllables equally. Each vowel, with its pre­ceding consonant, is a separate syllable.

\'owels have always the same sound, as follows:-

"a" as In "father" "e" as In "hen" "i" as m ee in "fee1." "0" as in "both" "0" is the same but held double the time. "u" as 00 in "food". Final He" is never silent. Kobe is Ko-bey, not Kob.

"San":

San is used as we use ~f r., Mrs., or :l\l iss. It always follows the name, as: Tada San, Imai San, meaning Min Tada, Mr. Imai. etc. San is DOt a name. Do not pronounce "San" like "can" or "man" The "a" is soft, like "a" in "father" Chil­dren often say "chan" instead of "San"

4

T ABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

INTRODUCTION 3

A HALF CENTURY OF BAPTIST \YORK IN JAPAN.

lvlrs. C. H. D. Fisher, 7

THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION.

From Rev. Wm. Wynd. . 15

THE JAPANESE BAPTIST CHURCH AT WORK. 18

INTRODUCING PROMINENT JAPANESE BAPTISTS. 24 Dr. Yugoro Chiba . 24 Principal Tasuku Sakata, A.l\I. 25 l\Iiss Kiku Ishiwara, A.l\L 25 l\lr. Harukichi Tomoi 27 The \Vatanabes, Father and Son. 28 Rev. Hisashi Yoshikawa 29 :\,Iiss Chivo Yamada 30 Miss Chika Xakaji 31 Evangelist Imai, Former Buddhist Priest. 31

AND THESE ALSO HAVE SEEN THE l\lASTER. 35 A Christian Ship-builder' 35 Lonesome in School. . 35 A Christian Business "V oman 35 "I :Must Be a: Christian" . 36 The First Japanese Baptist 37 A Skipper Called of God 38 From Banking to Christian Service 39 Finding God in a Street Car 39 The Fervent Prayers of a Righteous \Vife 40 ". and the Greatest of These is Love" 40 In N' 0 \\rise Cast Out 41 Only a Cotton Apron 43 The Best Story Book 44 And Demons Also Come Out from l\.1any. . ++ "The Lord is l\1y Shepherd"-In a Buddhist Cemetery 46

EDl'CATIONAL OPPORTl'KITlES AKD PROGRESS 47 The returned Student-Asset or Liability: 53

EVANGELISM THROUGH SOCIAL SERVICE.. 55

A COMMUNITy-TRANSFORMING KINDERGARTEX 65

PROPERTY LOSSES IN THE GREAT EARTHQC'AKE AXD FIRES.

Prof. 1. F- Gressitt 69

STATISTICAL STATEMENT FOR 1922.

OFFICERS OF CONFERENCE

:r"iISSION DIRECTORIES

~72-77

78

81

• In

Japan

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Fifty years have brought a splendid harvest. But the work is unfinished. Only 3/10 of 1% of Japan's population is yet Chris­

tian. The foundation is laid-let us complete the task!

6

A Half Century of Baptist Work in Japan

FEW are left who saw the beginnings, and they were too young to sense their importance. The work 'Of the Ameri­

can Baptist :Missionary Union in Japan began in February, 1873, with the arrival of Dr. and Mrs. Nathan Brown and Rev. and

Mrs. Jonathan Gable. Mr. Goble had twice been First Period in Japan before-first as a seaman with Perry's ex-1873-1883 pedition, and later as an appointee of the Free Mis-

sion Society. His connection with the A.B.M.U. continued only till the end of the year. Dr. Brown had been four years in Burma with Judson, sixteen years in Assam, and had already translated the New Testament into one foreign tongue. He was sixty-six years of age, but nothing daunted, started to translate the New Testament into Japanese. He arrived about one month after t!:~ Gregorian calendar had been adopted and only seventeen days before the decree was promulgated which removed the edict against Christianity from the public notice­boards. In March and April hundreds of Roman Catholic Chris­tians were released from prison. There were some twenty-eight missionaries of various denominations at work in three port cities, and several schools both for girls and for boys had been estab­lished. Hepburn's Dictionary of the Japanese Language was in its second edition, and a committee was at work on the translation of the New Testament. Dr. Brown worked with this committee for some months, but loyalty to conscience led him to continue his translation alone; by the help of Mr. Kawakatsu he com­pleted his work in seven years, publishing the New Testament on presses in his own yard, assisted by his son, \Villiam Brown. A chapel was built on the historic 75 Bluff, Yokohama, compound, and a church gathered which at his death in 1886 numbered one hundred and fifty.

In October ot the same year arrived Rey. and 11rs. James H. Arthur, who founded the first Baptist Church in Tokyo in 1876, living on Suruga Dai, and opening a girls' school in order to secure a passport for residence outside the foreign concession.

In 1875 came the first single lady missionaries-11iss Sands for Yokohama; Miss I{idder for Tokyo. Each engaged in school work and soon had women helpers. In 1876 there also came Rev. and Mrs. F. S. Dobbins, but only a year could they stay

7

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS .IN JAPAN

because of ill-health. At the end of five vears Dr. Brown was the only' one of the first five men of the Mission who retl.'lained on the field, C!nd Miss IGdder was alone in Tokyo,: as sickness had sent ~lr. Arthur to the United States and to an early grave. There are~ . however, . still living some of the twenty members wh01ll he gathered who testify to his earnest and faithful. per-sonality. .

Rev. and Mrs .. H. H. Rhees arrived to take charge of the work in Tokyo in 1878; after three years of aggressive work and secudng ownership of the· property at 30 Tsukiji, Tokyo, they removed to the open port of Kobe and established a church there.

In 1879 Mr. T. P. Poote, a teacher in a Government School in. Tokyo, who had a fine knowledge of the language and had preached frequently for}lr. Arthur, joined the Mission in Yokohama. Very soon he came in touch with some Greek­Christian visitors from Morioka, and from them received a request togo and teach the Bible in that northern City. This invitation resulted within two years in the formation of six groups ~f believers, Sendai being the largest. .

Following }'lr. Poate came Rev. and Mrs. A. A. 'Bennett, destined to spend thirty busy years in Yokohama and to found the Theological Seminary. Accompanying them was }fiss Eva J. Munson to help in the school in Tokyo; who three years later married Rev. W J. White of the English Baptist Mission. In 1883 Rev. and l\Irs. C. H. D. Fisher arrived for service in Tokvo.

Throughout this period the attitude of the Government was not that of hostility, as had been the case from 1860 to 1870; and they appreciated the educational methods and assistance that missionaries were giving. It was not by chance that the two most prominent foreigners of the earliest days-Commodore Perry and Hon. Townsend Harris, first United States Minister-were Guistian men of the genuine human brotherhood type; their sincerity and consideration won friends, and made the name "American" a passport to favor. Later, Minister Bingham was an advocate of the right of the Japanese to govern all within their country, although thereby losing prestigewi..th his diplomatic col­leagues. Although, as has just been stated, hostility from the Government itself had by 1873 greatly abated, still in the hearts of· the common people generally there. was hatred of Christianity and the foreigners. Besides this, other obstacles in the way of the early missionaries. were the difficulties to be encountered in the hardest of all ,languages, and the differences in etiquette and ethical standards; residence was restricted to open ports or foreign concessions iri a few large cities, save to those employed by Japanese schools or the Government; travel was allowed only for "health or scientific research," though interpreted by officials to mean everything except trading.

A HALF CENTURY OF BAPTIST \VORK IN JAPAN 9

In spite of these hindrances, at the end of the first decade of the Ivfission's history there were thirteen missionaries on the field; nine churches (six in the X orth) with two hundred and thirty members; two ordained Japanese pastors-Rev. T. Kawakatsu and R.,ev. S. Toriyama-and seven Bible-women and seventeen other helpers. This would seem to· be a goodly showing for the first ten years of effort.

THIS decade saw a three-hundred-and-fifty per cent. increase in missionary staff and six-hundred-and-sixty per cent. in­

crease in church membership. The entire Bihle in Japanese was published in 1888 ; the Theological Seminary in Y okohali1a,

under Dr. Bennett, had completed ten years of Second Period work, and funds were in hand to build at last 1883-1893 a good plant.

Five Girls' High Schools-Tokyo, Yokohama, Sendai, Himeji, and Chofu-had two-hundred-and-twenty-five girls under excellent training. (Since this time it has been neces­sary to close two of these schools.-Ed.) However, repeated efforts for a Boys' School had failed; the denomination had not yet outgrown the error that school work is not evangelistic work. The publication of a revision of Dr. Brown's translation of the New Testament, of a fair-sized Baptist Hymnbook, of tracts on denominational tenets, and a vernacular paper, The Afusfard Seed (Karashi Dane), had been stressed. Stations had been opened and manned from the Liu Chiu Islands in the south to C. H. Carpen­ter's brave venture in N"emuro in the north. There were repeated requests for "twenty-three new men" to complete the double line desired from Sendai to Shimonoseki .

... \n unquestioning acceptance of everything western character­ized the early half of this period, but then changed sharply to opposition, due in no small measure to the unscrupulous Occidental who had come to consider four hundred per cent. his lawful profit and regarded Japan a dumping-ground for goods no longer salable in the \Vest. But the supposedly credulous Japanese were going abroad, finding out styles and actual prices, and beginning to play the game -themselves so as to protect their fellow-countrymen. The tendency to discotlllt things foreign entered into the realm of religious work, though the new :\ ational Constitution, given in 1889, prO\'ided religious liberty for all. There was a marked falling off of attendance at all churches; schools found that they must haye equipment equal to or better than the Government institutions, or not exist. The J\-fission. however, had a well organized yearly Conference and was helping the Japanese to i orm A:ssociations.

to OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN jAPAlit

THIS period of the work was made famous through. the world by the war between Japan and China. One ever useful

weapon used by priests and others against the Gospel was the charge that Christians in giving up their old religions were un­

patriotic, were committing the unpardonahle sin Third Period against the 1fikado, the Son of Heaven. In this 1893-1903 war the Christian soldiers showed such faitbfulness

to duty, such good cheer amidst diffic~lties, such calmness in face of death, that the charge of disloyalty was for­ever refuted. All know the "practically uninterrupted course of victory both by land and sea" for Japan; but only those then living here can realize the· deep consternation, the keen resent­ment of .betrayed confidence that filled the hearts of high and low when Russia, Germany and France "advised" J apall to with­draw from the conquered-in-blood Liaotung Peninsula. England and the United States-the only two nations that could protest -were silent. It was agonizing to witness the iron enter the soul of this .people whom we loved and to see the slow but steady rise of the militaristic party that finally made a dual government in the land. The army had been trained under German instructors, by German methods and ideas; learning this enforced lesson that Might Makes Right, preparations were begun at once for the inevitable war with Russia. Two years later, When Russia "leased" this same Liaotung Peninsula, when Germany took a part of Shantung and England gained possession of 'V\Tei-Hai-Wei, and when France added miles to her possession in Cochin-China, the military spirit of Japan again waxed stronger.

The effort to reconcile all this avariciousness of the West with its religion made for 'bewilderment and distrust.

With this justified feeling against foreigners, it. is no wonder that reports of that period all speak of older Christians falling away and results being meagre.

Another hindrance to growth of the church was the policy of the denomination to 'send out men with a living salary and rent for a house, but with little or no equipment, thus reducing a missionary's efficiency by one-half. There were few worthy church buildings, and the American constituency claimed that all such equipment must be furnished illy the "native Christians." But early churches could not be brought up to that standard, especially as other denominations were putting up good buildings. One missionary took pains to follow up all persons who during one year learned enough of Christ to decide for Him in a Baptist chapel and yet bad stopped attendance there. Thirty were found to have joined churches of other denominations; still others could not be traced; while only twelve had come into Baptist ranks. There are today in the Mission men who have grown gray in the

A HALF CENTURY OF BAPTIST WORK IN JAPAN 11

service who never have had proper equipment, and therefore have not statistics to swell reports.

But there is a 'brighter side to this decade. Duncan Academy was started by Professor E. W. Clement and established in its own buildings in Tokyo by 1899. The Seminary had grown in its new plant under Dr. Dearing. Sunday Schools had prospered greatly, and flourishing kindergartens had been developed in several centers. Also in 1899 the first Gospel Ship was built in Yokohama, and, under Captain Bickel, was already doing marvels. This same year saw the introduction of new treaties by which the system of passports for travel in the interior was abolished; further, I\Jission property could be held outside concession areas by means of a corporation called a Shadan under government regulations.

At this time an order from the Department of Education forbade any religious instruction in any school of the Empire, private or public, during school hours. For some time this seriously hampered the work. It was no light matter to see the Bible wrenched out of schools which had been founded upon it. It was a time to test men's souls. But the firm stand of Christian educators and the good sense of the authorities in time made this order a dead letter.

The Great Union Christian Conference of 1900 in Tokyo was followed by a widespread revival lasting two years, as the result of which new life and yigor were given to the churches, and the Christians took new heart.

THE Russo-Japanese \Var proved a wonderful opportunity for Ohristian work in camps and hospitals, Scriptures were sold

and read by thousands of soldiers, comfort-bags utilized, and troops met, fed, and preached to at the railway stations. The

success of Japan in this war placed her among Fourth Period the world powers in the eyes of the western 1903-1913 world, confirming her own faith in the military.

It was during the opening of this decade that closer cooperation between the Conference and the Home Boards was carried into effect, and greater powers were given to those on the field; the experiment of a General 11:issionary was also tried, but failing in other Missions was discontinued in Japan. The new policy of stated visits to the field by the Executive Sec­retary of the Board was happily inaugurated by the memorable trips of Secretary Barbour in 1901 and 1908. More and more responsibility was put upon local .Associations, and a yearly joint session of Japanese and Mission Conferences was held. The first missionary of the newly-formed Japanese Home Mission Society was stationed in Nagoya by 1907 "IntensiYe work" became the slogan, and in accordance with this ideal the work at Shimo-

OUR BAPTIST.N EIGHBORS IN JAPAN

nosdci in the extreme south was transferred to the Southern Baptist Convention in the hope of better manning other centers. Also 1908 saw the inauguration of three enterprises which have proved most valualb1e: the Christian hostels" for students at Waseda University, the Tabernacle or Institutional Church in Tokyo, and the Bible Woman's Training School at Osaka. A second and more adequately equipped Gospel Ship~ with high­powered auxiliary e~gines aboard, was commissioned, delighting the heart of Captain Bickel.

While 1Ihe end of this period shows only seventeen more mi5sionariesthan t-wenty years befoTeI the membership of the churches had increased two-and-a-balf times, and contributions had grown six-and-a-half times. Christian literature had been multiplied and other inter-denominational enterprises were well launched.

The death in 1912 of the Emperor, n()w known as "Meiji Tenno," was of great moment. He had been to his people a fine example of thrift and philanthropy, and his wisdom and pro­gressivenessmarked him as one of the great rulers of the world.

"IN THE OLD DAYS" the funeral of a U]Jissionary was a rare event. But since 1910 a Memorial Service at the yearly

Conference has been the rule, not the exception. Would that a skillful pen might write some of those personal chapters, short

but beautiful, like the ones of Mary Hawley Briggs Fifth Period and of Grace Webb Tenny; long and thrilling, like 1913-1923 tbose of Mrs. Sands-Brand and Miss Kidder, thirty-

six and thirty-eight years in Japan; of Dr. Bennett, remembered for his prayers. But space does not permit. The few months between December of 1916 and February of 1918 will never to be forgotten, as promotion to higher service came to one after another-to Dr. Dearing, our energetic "aIX>stle of co­operation"; to our intrepid, patrician Skipper Bickel; to our cultured ~Iiss Whitman; to Mr. Briggs, our sunny comrade; and to Mr. F. G. Harrington, translator. Two years later Mr. C. H. D. Fisher and Dr. C.~ K. Harrington entered into the heavenly fellowship three months apart, soon followed by Mr. J. C. Brand~ -The gaps in the Mission ranks, caused by these losses and by the failure to receive even an average number of reinforcements during the early 1900's, today are necessitating an over-loading of older missionaries "perilously near the breaking-point. "

Although Japan was removed from the scenes of the World War, its baneful effects were. keenly felt. With the change in Japan's status from a debtor to' a creditor nation, and the rise of a newly-rich capitalistic class, her poor sank lower and lower owing to rising costs of the necessities of life; a heightened industrialism ~rought in its train a whole brood o! slums with

A HALF CENTURY OF BAPTIST WORK IN JAPAN 13

their attendant vices and diseases. Consequently, forms of mission work are changing; emphasis on evangelism is not being lessened but rather increased, while the churches are beginning to use Christian social-service methods demanded by the altered con­ditions of this up-to-date nation. No longer should the churches rest content with the stated Sunday services and the one mid­week prayer-meeting; they are projecting their life into their communities, using every method of social evangelism. Old Japan of the lSimple day has passed; old methods no longer avail against new forms of entrenched evils.

One of the most outstanding blessings of the last eighteen months has come from the \Vashington Conference. By its work, the Powers have in part atoned for their share in producing the militaristic ISpirit which too long dominated the policies of this nation. The practical Hughes proposals to limit armaments im­measurably strengthened the hand of the liberal element in Japan; the people spoke for peace and revealed the real heart of the nation.

The Baptist Forward :Movement here has been most success­ful. A Joint Committee of Japanese and ... Aunericans now has charge of a major part of the administratiye work, and union conferences 'are yearly. An esprit de corps has been developed; laymen are taking on responsibility; leaders with post-graduate work in the States are showing enthusiasm and resourcefulness. Good church buildings in Tokyo, Shiogama, the Inland Sea and the Liu Chiu Islands are conserving our work and draw a better clas·s of attendants.

The l\·fission has· been greatly helped by yisits from Dr. Franklin and other members of the Home Boards and interested Baptist traveHers.

In educational work. advance has marked eyery year. The ~rahie Memorial School in Yokohama-a continuation of Duncan Academy-is thoroughly esta,blished, and its five hundred and more pupils await the op~ninR of the College Department needed by April 1924 to fulfil the Mission's pledge to Yokohama City. At \Vaseda the Hovey Dormitory, other hostels. and Scott Hall are proving a great factor in the religious life of that University; ~s they are on :M ission land, they can be used without fear of in terf erence.

In Scott Hall was held the semi-centennial of the ~Iission, May twenty-seventh, 1923,-a day full of thrills and bright with promise. X one of the original quartette of 1873 were present, as 1\1rs. Brown-Ashmore had been called home onh' last l\Iarch. The combined choruses of the ~Ian' Colby and ~I~bie :Memorial Schools gave music of a high order. Iil the afternoon. when special honor was paid to workers of twenty or more continuous years of service, an original pageant was presented in the formal

14 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

but impressive manner of the Orient, mostly in Scripture and song, showing the blessedness of service. Mrs. Uchida had first place on the platform, with forty-eight years of Christian work; Pastor Yoshikawa, with forty-one; Pas~or Haraguchi, with thirty­eight; l\fiss Chiyo Yamada, with thirty-seven. Among the mis­sionaries present with over thirty years to their credit were Miss Buzzell, l\fr. "\Vynd, IYIr. Scott, and the writer, w~i1e mention was made of Dr. and .Mrs. Thomson, Mr. and l\lrs. Jones, Miss Clagett, :Miss Converse and Miss Mead, all absent in the States.

The glory of this occasion was the evident and voiced de­temlination to "carryon," inspired by the yision of the greater opportunities, much greater resources, and far brighter prospects for the NEXT FIFTY YEARS.

l\.fRS. C. H. D. FISHER

Dr. Nathan Brown-first regular Baptist Missionary in Japan.

The Semi-Centennial Celebration (Sccn Through the Eyes of Rev. William Wynd)

I N Tokyo one grows accustomed to crowds, yet a Tokyo crowd is always interesting. It may be pilgrims on their

way to the great shrine festivals; it may be a holiday crowd in boats on the river; qr it may be an excited group of youths fired with partisan zeal, determined to demolish a newspaper office. Tokyo crowds give themselves with such abandon to joy, grief, or excitement that one unconsciously enters into their spirit.

So it was with those who gathered in Tokyo with the Baptists to celebrate their semi-centennial on May 27, 1923. The joy was so contagious, the fellowship so genuine, the spirit of the meeting so inspiring and the outlook so hopeful, that delegates, come to give t4e usual formal greetings from other denominations, forgot their speeches and spent their alloted minutes proving their close relation to Baptists by either birth or marriage. \Ve have not always provoked our friends to jealousy and good works but we made a beginning on that never to be forgotten Sunday at Scott Hall.

The crowd itself was interesting. It was far and away the largest gathering of Japanese Baptists that had ever come to­gether. The hall was packed to overflowing and old timers wondered if they were not at some grand convention in the home­land. 110re remarkable was the representative nature of the crowd. Swarthy natives of the Liu Chiu islands and bronzed men from the Hokkaido sat side by side with the paler residents of the cities. University professors and students fraternized with laborers and farmers. The Christians of Tok\'o could barelv understand the dialects of their fellow Ohristians -from the remote sections. But the Spirit \\Tho breathed on the disciples at Pente­cost was so manifestly present that all spoke the universal language of love, and each had true fellowship with his neighbor.

There were many workers who had grown grey in the sen-ice. Four or five could remember Dr. Brown and the earliest pioneer days. Thirty-six workers who had senred over twenty years in Baptist ranks were ~ounted worthy of honor; those who had served twenty-five or more years received gifts.

Japanese do not carry their hearts on their sleeves nor often reveal the fire deep in their souls; but it was revealed in the warmth of this semi-centennial meeting. Every missionary felt the glow and realized that our Baptist people appreciate all that has been done for them. that they have a genuine love for America and are grateful to the parent churches which for half a century have cared for them.

• .. ~r"" !... ." . e: ..

The Largest Group of Baptists Ever Assembled in Japan. The 50th Anniversary Celebration, 1923.

•

THE SEMI-CENTENXIAL CELEBRATION 17

Those who planned the celebration had two purposes-first, to have Japanese Baptists turn their eyes back over the distance travelled in fifty years. The sight was impressive. Veterans told of early struggles and how by the blessing of the Lord these were won till the denomination had attained its present strength. Songs of gratitude welled up from m'er five hundred hearts as we con­trasted the past and present-the past, when men hated the name of Christ: the present, when everywhere men turn to Him as Saviour and Lord.

The second purpose was to inspire a vision of the future. Some leaders had already seen the vision: many more saw it ere the celehrations ended. The past fifty ye'ars have heen years of missionary leadership. The future of the denomination is in the hands of the Japanese. The indications are that Japanese are just as capahle of leadership in the church as in husiness or diplomacy. These Christian samurai (knights) will not surrender the truth which has made them what they are. nor the principles which they have received from U:-i. nor the position which American churches have helped them win. Led by these men and their descendants. the Japan Bapti~t churches will in the next fifty years make far g-reater progress. hecoming a powerful factor advancing the nation toward righteousness, peace, and interna­tional goodwill. Such was the firm con"iction of more than one foreigner who caught the spirit of the Semi-Centennial Baptist crowd .

Shiopma Baptist Church-Before and After the New World MQvement.

The Japanese Baptist Church at Work

T HE dream of th.e pioneer missionaries, of.a. truly J.apan~se Church, carryIng on the work of the Kingdom, IS bemg

rapidly realized. Mission-supported' preaching places are being transformed to self-supporting, independent· Baptist churches,

and are beginning. to become self-propagating, evan­Japanese gelizing centers for their communities. In many Leadership places Japanese leaders have taken full charge, and

elsewhere they are gradually coming to their rightful place . at the front. Missionaries are learning to trust the life they have planted to the free air and sunshine of the Spirit of God. The response to this more direct influence of the Spirit is justifying their trust.

For some time to come, however, the missionary must still be what he bas always been-a pioneer in vision and in aggressive,

expansive activity. While eighty per eent. of rural Missionaries Japan remains unevangelized, there is plenty of Still Needed work for the missionary as well as for the relatively

small Japanese church. With vast industrial centers springing up over night, the joint wisdom of both Japanese and foreigners is needed to meet the social and religious problems aristng.Untilthe existing churchesbave all passed through self­support to self--propagation, and newly-fonded churches look for­ward to self-propagation as they now look forward to self-support, the missionary will be needed. As a friendly ambassador of Christ, who can say how long he will be needed and welcomed -by the Japanese leaders, churches, and people?

Self-support and independence are the watchwords of today. The First Baptist Church of Sendai, already independent, is on

its own initiative launching a building campaign for Self thirty thousand yen in five years. If successf11l, this Support will be a marked church, for the undertaking is· gigantic

for Japan. The whole membership is hopeful. In Atsugi the church members have determined to make their church in­dependent. and have therefore asked· for no aid from the Mis­sionfor the coming year, although they have previously received five hundred yen a year. This step required real resolution and is the result of prayer and careful thought. They are active in evangelism and have t:-:!ped their pastor in stereopticon meeting-s in neighboring villages. (Atsugi church was totally destroyed in tbe great earthquake-Ed.)

Fourteen years ago the Misaki Tabernacle was raising three • hundred yen annually-last year this bad grown to an annual total of ~bout four thousand five hundred yen. Together with

18

THE JAPANESE BAPTIST CHURCH AT WORK 19

fees, tuitions, etc., this made over ten thousand yen from Japanese sources toward the Ta;bernacle and its work. These are signs of the times, and Japanese Christians and missionaries rejoice together over the progress.

Religion in general has come to a new day in Japan, to an ever widening place in the thinking and yearning of the people.

It is easy to start a conversation on religion, and the A New response is immediate and hearty. :Multitudes are Day for conscious of a lack, of a heart hunger in their inner Religion Ii yes. E yery magazine and paper has taken this new

religious interest at its tide, and endeavoring to meet the new demand, deals with religions old and new, fads, fakes, and near-religions as well. Such articles often indicate a super­ficial attempt to reach the truth and a limited horizon of ex­perience and investigation. But the tendency is significant and indicates a hunger after something not yet found. Only.T esus, Saviour of men's souls and of the societv in which the v live, is sufficient for this need, and it is Jesus ~ whom the mi~ionaries and the faithful Japanese Christians seek to present as the answer to the hunger for a new Li fe.

Especially in the cities. a generation of young people is to be found upon whom the old faiths have little or no hold. IvIost

of the COlwerts in a special evangelistic campaign at Spiritually Tokyo Tabernacle this year were young people. ig­Adrift norant for the most part of Buddhism and Shinto.

The old sanctions and restraints have been broken and the young people of .T apan are spiritually adri ft. But Chris­tianity no longer has to tear down so much of the false before it can begin to huilrl up the new truths. It was evident in thi" campaign that decision for Christ meant for the young people a less violent break than in the past.

The churches, alert to this yearning. are pressing the claims of Christ as Saviour and Lord. This vear has been, in the

Tabernacle, for instance. the banner vear in interest Baptisms in and response to the Christian message. The total in Tokyo of s(;'yentv-four additions is 1110re than double the

number r~ceiyed into this church in any past year. Tn Immanuel Church. Tokyo. nine young people have been haptized and eight more women have given themseh-es to the Lord hut have been prevented hv their families from recei'dng- baptism. One girl's mother was driven in~ane by the prodigal life of her husband. who spent his time with (fe1~sha girls. The father's sister. a qeisha. has been interested in Christianitv eyer since she heard

.. of the true God four "ears ago in rhe Sarah Curtis school. She attends Rihle class and is determined to Ii\,(;' a Christian life, though her famiI~' wiII not allow her haptis111 to proceed.

20 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

Fifty people, mostly from our Girls' School, have 'been baptized into the church in Himeji this year~ In Osaka, by mean's

of a social program of breadth and vision, the The Christian confidence of city officials, physicians, school Workers teaohers,and others has been. gained and these Receive .people are now coming with their heart problems. Confidences Our workers find among them an eagerness to

,listen to the message of salvation through Christ. Similar. reports from all ~ver. the ·field show the abundanceqf this year's harvest. . . ..;

Restricted finances and limited personnel have resulted in a change of policy in places, as on the Mito-Taira field, where we have been forced to concentrate on . building strong churches in certain centers, in the hope that these will themselves later ac­complish the evangelization of the rural districts nearby. Sixty­four baptisms are reported for the year on this field.

The Waseda Brotherhood church, the student church for the great \Vaseda University, has benefited through the splendid new

plant in which Baptists. work. The students. conduct a Waseda good-sized Sunday School for the neighborhood chil-

dren. The .get-together meetings and social hours are a blessing to students who, sentenced to boarding house life, .have no social opportunities. The year has witnessed ten baptisms. Christian young men go out from here to all parts of Japan.

Yotsuya, Shiba, and Kyobashi churches (all in Tokyo-last two wiped out in the earthquake-Ed.) took in one hundred

people by baptism last year. One young student, Regeneration Mr. 5-, came byway of DoubtJing Castle and

bears the marks of Giant Despair on his flesh. One night each week he now stands at the gate of his university, telling his fellow students of the Pearl· of Great Price. In

-Kyobashi the young woman who serves out noon lunches to workingmen serves also the Master whom she found last October. The transfonningpower of the Gospel of Christ is working in many hearts in Tokyo.

:Qaptists have co-operated iIi Norlh Japan with other de­nominations in a campaign of newspaper evangelism. The ex-

. periment has proven successful.. Letters written in Newspaper response to the newspaper articles are carefully f01-Evangelism lowed up. During the first year a list of over sixty

inquirers has resuked. There is a regular course in reading, coupled with a lending library, and a prescribed cor­respondence course directed toward a decision for Chnist. In at least three towns, small, eager groups are ready for organization :of some sort. There is apparently no limit to the scope of this w()r~. ~~ ~s a ~eat door-opener ~nd b~rrier-br~ker~ makin~

THE JAPANESE BAPTIST CHURCH AT WORK 2I

broad the highway into many a heart for the itinerating mis­sionary or visiting evangelist.

In the same district, in Kurosawajiri, the conversion of the son of a wealthy man, and his zeal and courage for Christ, made

a stir in that Buddhist town. It appears to be a victory Victories for the cause of Christ in one of our most difficult for Christ places. In Hanamaki also a young man from an old

Buddhist family of wealth and influence has taken suoh an earnest stand for Christ that his enthusiasm is causing consideraJble commotion in the town.

Many Sunday School children are carrying their lessons into their homes. A little girl was taken seriously ill on Sunday

morning. While being carried to the hospital she A Little became conscious, and seeing her mother weep, said, Child Shall "Don't cry; the Sunday School children are asking Lead Them Jesus to make me well, and so He will." When

visitors came to her in the hospital, she asked for prayer, and kept telling the nurses of "Jesus, who makes your body and heart well." Shortly before this her little sister had died, and the mother, in tears, now said, "She wanted to go to Sunday Sohool, but I kept saying, 'You are too little: some day you may go.' Oh! do you think Jesus will refuse to receive her because she was not a Sunday School pupil? Please tell Him that it was my fault and not hers, and please to suffer her to enter in, in spite of her bad mother. I will teach the other chil­dren better."

Kindergarten children, too, soon understand the new ideals. To quote a story from Taira: "\\There was Hiroshi San? The

picture of the twenty-seven little graduates of the Reforming Taira kindergarten was to have been taken at 12 :30, Father and we had already waited the customary hour one

must wait for all to appear. But. Hiroshi SanJ

who had the leading part in the little play, had not arrived. Tele­phone calls seemed not to a vail, and so at last the picture had to be taken without him. It was now two o'clock, and no Hiroshi San, and what should we do? Could we have Hamlet without Harnlet? Alnd whv didn't he come? He was one of the most. faithful and enthusiastic of all the children and had eagerly looked forward to this day of days. Just as we had decided we could not . wait any longer, here came our Hamlet in tears. Sobbing, he told his story to the teacher. The father was drinking, and the child, full of shame, refused to let his father escort him to the kindergarten. The mother begged Hiroshi Sa.1~ to let his father take him. The father also urged, but it was useless. Hiroshi San} although his little heart was almost broken with dis­appointment-for was not this his graduation day?-would not consent to let his drinking father take him to the church kinder-

22 OUR BAPT1ST NEIGHBORS I~ JAPAN

garten. Finally the mother could not bear hisheart..,brokenap.;. peals and left .her work . and so arrived just in time for the lad to take his place in the little play. Hiroshi San urges his father every Sunday to go to the church service, and then every Monday without fail he asks the teacher if his father came. He has not yet come even once. But surely Hiroshi San's labor and faith will not ultimately be in vain."

Despite progress, opposition is DOt dead in Japan. One girl's parents will not permit her and her sister to attend church. When

the parents are away from home the girls spend Opposition happy hours singing hymns and having "worship in

our hearts." Another young woman desired to join a church; but her family had promised her in marriage to a rich family opposed to Ohristianity. The promise could 110t be broken, so she is married and no longer is allowed to attend services, but she writes that she still reads her Bible and prays and tries to "live like a Christian." She says her greatest happiness comes from thoughts she received in the Bihle class.

In the North the Buddhists are greatly worried and the priests are increasingly active. In Morioka they are buiading a kinder-

garten, raising the money by popular subscription Crowded after our example. They now talk 6£ one in Shio­Out by the gama, inspired ,by our work there. There are Buddhists Buddhist Sunday Schools in many places. They are

competing with us in newspaper evangelism and have succeeded in crowding us out of the leading paper of North Japan. In some places there is stiff opposition from primary school teachers, often resulting in the persecution of children at­tending Christian Sunday Schools.

Captain Laughton, of the Gospel Ship on the Inland Sea, says: "Some (converts) were called on to face bitter persecution

and were fotibidden by relatives and friends to be A Midnight baptized. But they went to their pastor, asking him Baptism if he would ask me to baptize them at night-a re­

quest to which I gladly acceded. Can you picture the scene? The converts, clad in white baptismal rdbes, with the

. pastor and his wife, who was carrying a little baby on her back, together with a few of the local Christians, wound their way down through the narrow ;;tr.eets of an island fishing village of thatched houses until they reached the sandy shore. The moon was slii!J.ing brightly over the Inland Sea, and from far out on its shiny waters came the chanting of :6shennen as they pulled in their nightly harvest. Under such circumstances I baptized two believers at 11 :30 "on a cold November night. As the baptismal hymn rose over the waters and over the sleeping viJIage, I thought of the words of the Master, 'Come ye after me and I will make you fishers of men'"

THE JAPANESE BAPTIST CHURCH AT WORK 23

Christian service reaching out into the highways and homes of the people is an evidence of the abundant life. In ,one Osaka

church an organization of men and women meets once Japanese a month for discussion. Out of this has grown work Work for for Koreans, of whom- there are twenty thousand in Koreans the city. These people are cordially welcomed to the

church services, and one Sunday they took part by singing hymns in their own language. :Members of a new preach­ing place in Sendai carryon three Sunday Schools--every child in a small settlement of twenty houses along the river is enrolled in one of these.

In Himeji and vicinity fifteen Sunday Schools are taught weekly by Bible-women, teachers, and students from our Girls' School. Six outside of the city are taught by Bible-women. In some schools special Bible classes are held for the older students and teachers.

A new day of aggressive activity on the part of the Japanese Baptist church has come. The money, labor, and prayers of the

past fifty years have not been in vain. This nation also Amen shall 'one day hecome the Kingdom of our God and of

His Christ

President Chiba, Japan Baptist Theological Seminary

Principal Sakata, Beside the Ruined Mabie Memorial School.

Introducing .Prominent Japanese Baptists DR. ¥UGORO CHIBA PRINCIPAL TAsuKU SAKATA., A.M.

MISS KIKU ISHIWARA... A.lVL MR .. HARUKICHI TOMOI

THE WATANABES) FATHER AND SON

REV. HISASHI YOSHIKAWA 1.bss CHIYO YAMADA

1\1ISS eRIKA NAKAJI EVANGELIST IMAI, FORMER BUDDHIST PRIEST

Wh.o are but part of a goodly host

REv. YUGORO CHIBA, L~.D.

DR. YUGORO CRIBA has rendered distinguished service in the interests !}f Christian internationalism. His education

was international. Born in Sendai in 1870, he graduated from the Miyagi Prefectural Middle School, the Anglo-Japanese Academy in Yokohama, and Aoyama Gakuin (Methodist college) .of Tokyo. Going to America he went through Colby College and in 1898 graduated from Rochester Theological Seminary. The degree of LL.D. was conferred by an American University in 1910.

At the. Edinburgh Missionary Conference Qf 1910 he repre­sented the Baptists of Japan. The following year he represented the Japan Y.M.C.A. at the International Student Conference at Gonstantinople. Again he represented Japan at the second meeting of the International Missionary Council at Oxford in 1923, and in this year was also one of two representatives of the Japan Baptist. Church at Stockholm.

In Japan he has rendered conspicuous service in matters of interdenominational co-operation. In 1922 he was Chairman of the Federation of Japanese churches and is now chairman of the organizing committee of the new National Christian Council of Japan. In 1912 he represented Japan Baptists at the famous con­ference between Buddhism, Shinto, and Christianity, called by the Japanese Government.

His share in Christian education has been notable. He has been a professor in the Girls' Depamnent of Doshisha Univer­sity, President oftheSottthern. Baptist Theological Seminary in Kyushu, dean of our Girls' School in Sendai, and is now Presi­dent of the Japan. Baptist Theological Serninary.

He . has~de important contributions tQ Japanese Christian lite,.-ature, especially along. devotional, sociological and theological lines. A recognized scholar of unusual breadth of spirit, his Chris­tian gentlernanliness is manifest in all that he does. His public addresses are characterized by remarkable. clarity and vigor. .

24

INTRODUCI};G PROMINENT JAPANESE BAPTISTS 2S

PRI~C1l'AL TASUKU SAK ... \TA) A.1I.

BORN of samura.i stock, young Sakata early chose a soldier's career, and led his classes in Tokyo military schools, later

serving fQr three years in the Imperial Bodyguard of the Emperor Meiji. \Vhile acting 'as instructor in the Military Academy of Tokyo, he was attracted to Mr. Topping's Bible class, where he gained a vision that completely changed the course of his life. Declaring his faith, he was haptized just twenty years ago by the late Dr. C. K. Harrington. Though handicapped by his years, he immediately entered Duncan Academy, our little Baptist School for hoys, since replaced by the Mabie I'd emorial School. But within six months he was called to the colors, and his two years in the strenuous cavah'Y campaigns of Northern 1fanohuria were marked by service of a high order.

Mustered out at the close of the Russo-Japanese war, he plunged into preparation for his chosen field of education. After graduating from Duncan Academy, he went through the First l;overnment College and thence to the Tokyo Imperial Cniver­sity, completing the course with honors in 1915.

From the earliest beginning he was the unanimous choice of his associates for Principal of the new Mabie Memorial School for Boys in Yokohama. To this task he brought a deep sense of mission to the youth of the Empire, an unusually broad, varied experience, strong Christi..ln ideals, and a personality which has won the loyalty and affection of his colleagues. The standing which Mabie has attained with ·the educational authorities and with the community during its short four and a half years, is largely the fruit of his own personality, labor and consecration. Such success has made Principal Sakata more humble and more than ever devoted to the ideal of a school in which the spirit of Christ shall have full swav over the lives of five hundred and fifty boys. He is a Christian educator-with emphasis on both words. His greatest concern is to make Christ real to young men.

:MISS KIKU ISHI\YARA) A.:M.

IN a spacious samurai home, -before a gilded Buddha, a faith-ful old grandmother spent her days in arranging offerings,

burning incense, and long hours of prayer before the ancestral tablets. Daily she was watched by a fragile child, for whom the grandmother's devotion became an indelible memory. In the kindergarten at Hiroshima, made famous by "The Lady of the Decoration", this same little girl heard the story of Him through \\Thom we have Life, and to Him in after years her own life was consecrated.

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

One grey, sad morning, she stood with schoolmates beside the smoking ruins of the Chofu Baptist Girls' School, from which she had just graduated. At the suggestion of one of her teachers, she went to Tokyo to study kindergartening in a school as yet without name, place or pupils. In June 1903 Miss Ishiwara re­ceived with two others a kindergartner's diploma from the same nameless, homeless school-a school that represented only the first response to a great need. Since that day she has received diplomas representing years of study and wide experience in America and Japan-but that first diploma was a token of the opening of her eyes to t1he value of the child and the formation of a life purpose to serve through the kindergarten.

This vision gave the shy, frail Oriental girl "the courage to face the obstacles and to set her heart on the broader kindergarten training which could be secured only in America. The diary of her missionary friend, through whom this training was made possible, gives us a glimpse into the process: "I shall never forget the day she arrived in Granville. The long, long journey had been wearisome and terrifying. She was unutterably homesick. Waves of fear swept also over my soul. I quailed before the responsi­bility of the care, education, and safe return to her native land of this fragile blossom from across the sea. But when we knelt to pray and committed our fears to our Heavenly Father, Who knew tihat it was for His Kingdom and His little ones that we had undertaken this venture of faith, a great relief and new courage dawned in our hearts."

DUring the five years of trayel and study, friends and op­portunities were richly provided. Twice she was received at the White House--once by President Roosevelt and again at the invitation of Mrs. Taft after she had won the Taft Scholarship at the Cincinnati Kindergarten Training School. Turning from opportunities for further study, Slhe accepted the invitation to return to Japan to assist a new missionary just appointed principal of the Tokyo Baptist Kindergartners' Training School. To her disappointment the institution was a mere struggling sprout, beset with difficulties and with a precarious future. Her faith and endurance were tested-twice the school was moved long distances across the city to other inadequate, temporary locations. ~1any of the real ·burdens of the principalship fell on her; most of the time she did 1lhe work of matron, sometimes of cook, maid, and scrub-woman, while carrying many hours of teaching, interpret­ing, and answering calls for public addresses. The most difficult task of all was to keep up the morale of the students under such dispiriting circumstances.

After seven years of service, marked by heart-breaking ex­periences, a friend made it possible for her to go ag-ain to her "happiest land"" America, for further study. Returning with a

INTRODUCING PROMINENT JAPANESE BAPTISTS 27

Master's degree from Columbia, she was appointed Principal of the Tokyo Kindergartners' Training School, to which she had already given so much of unsung service.

Again she faced the vital need- for kindergartners, the con­stantly increasing demands, and the same handicaps of inadequate, temporary equipment-always :believing in better days ahead. She has so far succeeded that four girls are wiIIing to crowd into each dormitory room in order to study with her-a tribute to her rare personality.

At last preparations are under way to move the Kinder­gartners' Training School to a plant well adapted to its needs. American Baptist women, many of whom have known this pioneer Japanese kindergartner, have an opportunity to provide condi­tions under which she can do the work for which she is so well fitted.

(The former girls' school at Suruga Dai, Tokyo, to which it had been planned to move the Kindergartners' Training School, was totally destroyed in the earthquake and fire of September I, 1923.-Ed.)

l\1R. HARUKICHI TOMOI

MR. TOMOI is a conspicuous figure among Baptist laymen. He comes from a strong Buddhist family and from earliest

childhood was reared according to the strictest traditions of that faith. His mother, a dear motherly soul and a saint of the ancient type, remains to this day an ardent follower of Buddha. He saw and tasted of this faith at its best. Inheriting his mother's religious bent, he followed at first in her steps. But he began to yearn for some inner life which Buddhism did not give. Though vague, that heart-hunger was fearfully real. Down in his deepest soul it troubled him through all his waking hours.

Failing to find in Buddhism that for which his heart longed, it was easy to turn to Christianity. To Christ he opened his heart as naturally as a flower opens its petals to the sun. His inherited religious tendencies, finding expression through Chris­tianity, have produced a strong personality.

From his work as manager of a large import and expor-t busi­ness, he gives without stint many days of time and thought to Kingdom interests. Although a layman, he has a passionate inter­est in the ministry. Some time ago he organized a three-day "retreat" for the Baptist ministers in southwest Japan, paying their travel and hotel bills from his own pocket.

He has long been engaged in an exJhaustive study of the prob­lem of providing adequate support for pastors and evangelists.

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS "IN JAPAN

An 'efficient businessman, a friend of pastors, a counsellor of the missionaries, a leader in the clturches, a dynamic Christian personality and a real Kingdom builder~this is Hanikichi Tomoi, deacon of the Kobe Baptist church. (His brother, Rev. Kozue Tomoi, a graduate of Rochester Theological Seminary, is alse; a worthy leader of Baptists in Japan.-Ed.)

THE \VATANABES" FATHER AND SON

THE Rev. Hajime Watana'he, one of our aggressive and suc­-' cessful Tokyo pastors, first discovered Christianity in con­nection with the work of Mrs. Carpenter in the far no~ Under 'the influence of Dr. ParshIey, Mr. \Vatanabe entered the ministry. He was 1he first gradua·te of the old Duncan Academy. In 1910 he graduated from our theological seminary," then in Yokohama, and immediately assumed the pastorate of his home church. Later working in Tokyo and in Mito,he next became one of the found­ers of what is now the flourishing Kanagawa Baptist church in Yokohama.

But Pastor Watanabe's outstanding work has been at Yotsuya Baptist Chun::h in Tokyo: Despite the heavy handicap of an utterly inadequate building, he slowly built up and trained a body of believers, so that when the New W orId Movement made pos­sible the erection of a modem church building, the people were ready to make full and wise use of the equipment. Since the provision of the new plant, the life of the church has seen such growth that it will soon be one of the truly influential churches of the metropolis.

Pastor Watanabe plans his work, and then works his plan­hard. He has a great store of energy and consecration of a very practical type~ all of which counts for the Kingdom of Heaven.

(N ote-The earthquake damaged the new Y otsuya church" somewhat, but it was spared by the fire and is useable. The work goes on.-Ed.)

But there is more to the. story. Pastor Watanabe has builded not only a church, but a Christian home. His son, Kazutaka Watanabe, combines the fire of his father with the grace and spirit of his mother. Because of rlteclosing of Duncan Academy, the little Baptist school from which his father had graduated, the youth took his high school work in Aoyama Gakuin, the fine Methodist school in Tokyo. He finislhed first in his class, dis­tinguished by a rare knowledge of English, a gift for music, and a passion for Sunday School work. The way was opened for him togo through the great Imperial University, supported by the Methodists; but he chose to place his talents at the ·disposal of the chureh of his childhood. Baptists' have used him as few young men in Japan have ever been used. ~Therevet there was

INTRODUCING PROMINENT JAPANESE BAPTISTS 29

a big Sunday School rally, a sacred concert, or a gathering of young people, there was Watanabe. -One summer he would be in the Hokkaido (northern island) and the next in the far South. He revived old Sunday Schools and organized new ones. During his last year in school he found time to do the lion's share of the work at the Yotsuya Evening School. Since he was still a student, his father hesitated to introduce him to the school as Sensei (meaning about the same as "rabbi"), but before the end of the first session all the Evening School pupils hailed the boy as Chief "Rabbi." I\lature men sat at his feet; the class of young boys and girls (co-eJucation in Japan at last!) looked on him as their big brother; when in chapel the told of Jesus Christ, they listened, eager to know how the grace of God could do for them what it had done for their young teacher.

Today he is a student at Colgate University, and the :Mission looks eagerly forward to a still more powerful influence for right­eousness f rom this young man when he returns enriched by his experience abroad.

REV. HISASHI YOSHIKAWA-A SECOND SACL

GENERAL EVANGELIST YOSHIKAWA is our oldest living ordained worker. \Vith the exception of Mrs. Uchida, no Baptist

worker in Japan, missionary or Japanese, has so long been in active service.

Mr. Yoshikawa is the son of a knight high in favor or the great lord of Himeji, a feudal center of importance in olden times. Y<mng Yoshikawa was leader of a band of young men who formed a league to keep Christianity forever out of the Himeji clan. He helped break up preaching services which our Kohe Christians undertook to hold in Himeji.

In his twenties he visited a relative who was pastor of the Kobe Baptist Church. Here he was begged to take for a time the position of a teacher of classics who had suddenly left the little school. He did so, avowing that he hated Christianity as much as ever and was not responsible for what the school did, being only a temporary teacher. He has often remarked since then, that although he did not choose the Lord, the Lord chose him. He lbegan teaching in January; by ~Iay his opposition had ceased; before summer his wife had become a Christian; on August fi fth he was himself haptized by Dr. Rhees.

\ Vhen he returned to Himeji. his old cronies demanded an explanation of his sudden change. For two hours he preached to them so earnestly that opposition faded away. In time young Yoshikawa gave himself to the Christian ministry.

MeanwniIe something had happened in hi~ old home. The

30 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

parents had taken a young . officer into the house, who turned out to· be a Christian. His earnestness led the parents to Ghrist, and they were the first to be .. baptized in the ancient castle town of Hirneji.

After a short course in the budding theological seminary, Yoshikawa San labored in the vidnity of Himeji, then in the Prefecture of Yamaguchi. In Ko'be he did remarkable work, and the church there is perhaps the leading Baptist church of Japan. He is now best known as general evangelist-a work in "W'hich he is supported through the generosity of Ita gentleman of California."

In the Yoshikawa family the fourth generation of Christians in Japan has ibeen reached. Only forty-odd years ago, the only Ohristian newspaper in the country featured the conversion of young Yoshikawa under the heading, "Conversion of a Second Saul" !

MISS CHIVO YAMADA

THE One Who "went about doing good" has in Chiyo Yamada a tried follower. As a little child she was a fervent Bud­

dhist. In her girlhood she was adopted daughter of Sir Ernest Satow-later British minister-and she was a student in the Peeresses' school. After this unique preparation she was gradu­ated a Christian from the 'Vornan's Union Mission School in Yokohama.

'Vith Mrs. Brown (Ashmore), Miss Yamada helped to found our Mary L. Co)by $chool for Girls. She has put more years of labor ~nto this institution than any other person and has done things for the school which no other person could ever have ac­complished. In her accounting, economy and housekeeping, in her teaching, translating and public speaking, in her taste, tact, and social grace, in her praying, loving and living-she has excelled.

She is now backbone and heart of all our work for women in Kanagawa prefecture. She teaches and directs the Bible women, holds regular meetings in each district, and everywhere solves the hardest prdblems. In the sick room and at the death bed it is she Who is most wanted. In sorrow and disappointment she is the wise counsellor and effective comforter. Girls open their hearts and confess to her their secret sins; to her, women pour out their troubles. No person is too unlovely for her care, no difficulty beyond her courage. She is hunlble and eager to learn new methods. With her interest in world-wide enterprises she seeks to enthuse the gentle women of Japan for the cause of world ~ce~ W.po qln ~e~s~re tile frqit of s"oh a IHe?

INTRODUCING PROMINENT JAPANESE BAPTISTS 31

MISS CHIKA NAKAJ!

HNAKAJ! Sensei is always smiling." That remark took no account of the comfort which her sympathetic tears

have brought to many a sorrowing heart. Her capacity for friendship and radiant smiles have been used up and down the land to lead school girls to Christ 'and into His service. She is greatly in demand as a leader at confer.ences and institutes on life work.

Miss Nakaji is the daughter of a respected judge in the former Imperial city, Kyoto, which has always been the center of the Buddhist religion. She was nurtured by her widowed mother in an intense dislike for the Christian religion. The mother's highest ambition for her only child was that she might live to perpetuate the Nakaji family name by bestowing it upon a husband chosen for her. In Japan a family of standing saves its name from extinction when there are no male children by adopting the husband of the daughter, so that the line may not cease.

But when a Sunday School was opened near the Nakaji home, curiosity overcame little Miss Chika. She stole out to see the strange foreign. woman who ran the school. She wondered that this hated religion could make anyone so kind and beautiful as this lady. Soon the Christ who made the missionary "beautiful" had conquered the little girl's heart. And with her came her mother, won by the same power of love.

The ambitions of the Nakaji family suddenly changed. Enter­ing our Himeji Girls' School, ~1iss Kakaji became the radiant leader of the school Christian Association, and after graduation entered our Training School for Bible women in Osaka. Here she went from student to secretary, from secretary to teacher; from teacher to Dean. She has, after a visit to America, where she endeared herself to many, accepted the position of Director of the social and evangelistic work of the new Mead Christian Community House, at the Bible School in Osaka. "\Ve are glad to haye in this place one whose life shows the central motive of all service-the bringing of human beings to a personal fellowship with Jesus of Nazareth.

FROM PRIEST TO PASTOR

P A U L the A postle "-,,las tra hwd b').' ] (''(,-,ish rabbis, and 'luas zeal­ous for a religion hostile to Christiatzity.

i11lai the Buddhist Priest was traill('d b'y the High P1'iests of Ruddhisl1't on !1ft. I(oya, the Sarrrd !If oll11tail1 of a Tho'llsand T r11lplc$. H e~ too~ was ~ealorts a~qainst Christianit~"

Miss Kiku Ishiwara, Principal of Tokyo's Kindergartners' Train­

ing School.

Miss Chika Nakaji, on the plat­form in the Mead Christian

Center.

From Buddhist Priest to Christian Evangelist

The New Skipper of the Gospel Ship

Captain Laughton.

Rev. K. Imai.

Several Generations of the Family of Evangelist Yoshikawa

INTRODUCING PROMINENT JAPANESE BAPTISTS 33

Paul met Jesus on the Damascus Road and gave his life to spread the religion he had hated.

Imai San met Jesus in Japan and his story is worth far more space than we have here.

Shortly after his initiation into the Buddhist priesthood, Imai's superiors realized the danger to their religion throu.gh the spread of Chrstianity in Japan. Hitherto they had only to sit in their temples and the people came to them, but the time had now come when they must go after the people. The new province of H ok­kaido (the northern island) had been opened and enterp"ising young men were turning their faces northward. Christians had begun work there and Buddhist leaders realized that they 'Inust ,nake a supreme effort to hold their people. Imai San had made his mark as a speaker and energetic worker, a rebuilder of (rumb­ling temples.

To the north, then, went the young priest, just as Paltl the Pharisee had gone north to Damascus to fight Christtan;t:y. But Imai's time had not 'yet come. He fulfilled all the expectations of his superiors, reviving old temples and building 1l{"W onrs. After three 'Vears he returned to K'\'ofo, Buddhism's .~fecra. fo consult with fixe leaders. ~

~Vhile visiting his sister's .home, this young priest 'who had studied the art of moving men's emotions, found his own heart strangely moved by the gu.ileless talk and SO?zgs of his little niece;. who was attending Airs. Thomson's kindergarfrl1. Legend sa)'s the great Augustine, too, was led by' a little girl. Then in a public bath-house one day a ')'oung stranger, sittil1g beside him in the steaming water, told him of Christ. Imai San felt impelled to dis­CO'ller the meaninq of these new teachings. TFha.t fountain. fed the streams of this hidden life? The little nirce pointed him to the Bible Soon he had found the Ijfe and thr Fountain, as does every one that serks.

Imai San. the priest, died. Intai San, the e'l.1all .. qelist, 'was nOn1: and like Paul, Ire ne'ller stopped rreaching. Instead of Buddha he now proclaimed Christ as the Saviour of sinners.

How he preached! In Osaka there was a I\Tational Exposition, with a hundred thousand visitors a day. It was the Christians' opportunity. All day long preaChe1'S stood at the gates. One da.\' it was whispered through the crowds that a· converted Buddhist priest would tell ho'l{' he came to Tem'e the Buddhist HoT" of Holies fo follow Christ. The crowd poured info tlte Christian hall. Others 1'Itighf tell the Christian slor').'. but all 'Who listened to Ihis 11Iall felt that as he told it hearts 'were touched. souls gripped. and <i.'ills 11f.07.'ed. ((Tell if again." the').' called-and e'l.'er since he has nrrn te!ling it. He has told it til Ruddhisf centrni. told it in the Hok­kaido where he had formerl,)1 fought Christianit)" and fold it ill

34 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

churches of C'l'er,), denomilwtion: he has written it and the book has bCCl1 widcl), circulated I'll Japan.

bnai's Buddhist trai1ting has enabled him to render conspicu­ous service to the Christiall cause. Buddhist priests, when they arc preachers at all, have a real power to move hunum hearts. They use simple language, and kno'l1,;,ng what moves their people, the)' play on heart strings 'with conSfttll'mate skill. Sim plicit')' and directness have characteri:;ed Imai San, evangelist. TVhether in the pulpit or 1.(.';th a small group sitting around hi11l, he leads natf4ral/:y and directl,), to the deeper things of life and thrills men b)' his Christian 'mcssage. An old Tok)lo lad'), listens a· teow m;ll­fttCS, then calls. "ff' ait a bit till I call tlte other members of the hOflschold.n and shc returns 1.(·it71 her SOl1. daughter-in-law, chil­dren and srrzmllis. and all listen as fo a fa;")1 fale. His power is largely i11 simplicit,),.

The tra;71illg that started among the priests on .U t K 0),'0 was continued. through four ,)'cars il1 the Baptist seminar),. Four striking mell of God-Drs. Dearilt,rl. Bennctt, Parsllle\', aHd Har­rington-left the;r impress on this keen student from the temples. They 1.e'(TC mel1 of pra.'\'cr. aud th(' 11 (''(\'' disciPlc found throuqh them that samc source of power. Thc mark of the temple gradu­all').' faded from his fac(' till at last t"(' priest '((las lost i11 the pastor-so lost that /i1.'c '\'ears lmer, '(I.'IICll hc 'l·is;tcd Itft. Koy(/ and told the pricsts that he had once b(,{,ll therc amon(l them. thc ..... 'would not belic'('c him till his l1am(' 011 the rC(listcr pr01.'cd his stateme11t.

He was present at the Northern. Baptist C 01t'l.'en7ion af A f­lantic Cit')' in 1923, aHd somc who read Ihis '(i.'ill remcmbcr him. He has recently been (1;'(1('11 opportunity 10 drli<'er his mcssaqe to his counlr'j'11lCI1 in the U1lited Statcs and Hm.\'aii.

Christian Shipbuilder (center) and Friends

And These Also Have Seen the Master

A CHRISTIAN" SHIP-BUILDER

MR. IZIN SASAKO of Kobe, Manager of the Innoshima Osaka Shipbuilding Company of Ha1bu, on the Inland Sea, is one

of that goodly host. Born near Tokyo, twenty years ago he graduated from the Osaka Technical College. He first found Christianity through English Bible Classes for students, and was so impressed with the teachings of Jesus that he became a Chris­tian and was baptized in Osaka twenty-two years ago.

Six years ago he became manager of the Mitsunosho Docks on the Inland Sea, and after four years in this position was called to Osaka to head the firm's docks there. In February, 1923. he returned to the Inland Sea to become manager of the entire Innoshima Shipbuilding- Plant. f<

He is a yelT earnest Christian and seeks to extend Christ's kingdom throughout his plant. He has built recreation halls. libraries, and kindergartens for his employees. and has offered three thousand yen toward a church if the 1\1"ission will ~iye an equal sum. A' staunch friend of the Gospel ship "Fukuin ~farl1" he helps our 1\1issionary-Captain in every way.

~{rs. Sasako is a graduate of a mission school in Osaka. 2'Tarried seventeen years ago. they now haye a family of four g-irls and four boys. Two of the girls are Christians. the second rlaughter having recently received haptism at the hands of our Captain T .aughton. These parents seek to lead the other children to Christ, that they may find Him early and sen'e Him long.

LOXESO:\fE I~ SCHOOL

A LITTLE [lirl finished a Christian kinticrgarfrll and cnfrrcd thr GO'llCr111JlCllt pr£mm"j' school. She SOOIl sU7'priscd hr;'

mothrr by 1'cmarking. ((Oh. I a1ll so lOl1CS011te at this school." Hcr mother asked if her ne7i.' frio1ds did not satish' her. ((But 11lathrr. 7l'e have no PRAYER lil~c 7('e had 1"1/ k£ndr,-c,artell." On!\' b\' the promise that 'whcH time camc for High School. she might go to the 111 ar'\' C olh.' School at Yokohama. could thc mother c0111fart the child. Ani no'to tlrc 'I]'lother has herself lear1lcd tire (om/art and pO'lC'cr of pray('r-

\ CURISTL\X RpSIXESS \YO).fAX

MRS. SCZlT TAKAGI is the daughter of a government official and a graduate of our former school for girls in Tokyo.

She has taught in our girls' schools in Himeji and Chofn.

35

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

When calling at the homes of pupils, she was always told by the wives of merchants that they could not be Christians, because shops must be open seven days a week and untruths must be told and' acted if success were to be expected in business. \Vith the brave confidence of the pioneer, Suzu determined to demonstrate that a business could be thoroughly Christian and soundly suc­cessful.

She opened a lace and lingerie shop in Yokohama, and it 'be­came popular. A large export trade grew up. Every employee received Christian teaching; Sunday was faithfully observed despite protests from' American tourists; clerks were not allowed to tell untruths, and all profits were scrupulously tithed. After the death of her husband in 1916 she turned the management of the shop over to younger hands. She has proven her conten­tiqp-the principles of Christ work i~ modern business Japan. She is now giving her time and thought to the design of better and more economical garments for the Japanese, based on \Vestern ideas, and is confident that this work, too, is the work that God would have her do. U\Vhen I do not know what 'to' do about trimming a hat or something, I just stop and pray, and then I can go on all right."

"I MUST BE A CHRISTIAN"

ONLY one' of all the children graduated from our Morioka kinaergarte1' chose a 'military career. He passed the com­

petitive examinations and entered" the military college. But deep in his oum heart there was always a dou,bt of the right of militar­ism. The European War showed him its fruitlessness a.nd fright­ful cost. While on military duty in Korea he had a deep religiolts experience. As he neared graduaH.()H his conviction.f became clear, and he said to his father: UFather, I am sorry to disappoint you, but I must quit this soldier career.71 His father, still lO,!.'O1 to militarism but loving his son, said: uSon, )IOU are free to choose yoUr career." - .

Entering our Christian dormitory in Yokohama, he prepared for University entrance examination.~. Again he thought things through? and again he sought his father and said: UPather, I am .t;orry we think differently, but 1 must be a Christian. I wish to be a Cilristron la'wyer mId spend my life Servi1f.g fhe pppressed. I wish 10 promote Christian Sunday Scllool$~~'Hi." fa~tlzer'lvas an rarnes/ Buddhist, but he was again magnanimous ,and replied, uSon, you are free to choose yottr religion." The son is aJr.~a4')' beginning to live out his ideal of sennee. May his broad-minded father soon join him!

AND THESE ALSO HAVE SEEN THE MASTER 37

THE FIRST JAPANESE BAPTIST-YOUNG AT SEVENTy-SEVEN

FIFTY years of preaching Jesus in Japan-the record of Bap-tists ;. fi,fty years of the J esus-Way-the record of Mrs.

Hama Uchida. Once she was Vhe onLy baptized woman in the Empire. Now she is one of four thousand Northern Japan Bap­tists, and one to be noted among them all.

Born into an aristocratic family, her father a knight of the Lord of Himeji, 0 Hama San was early married to a retainer of the same feudal fbaron. At twenty-seven her husband was suddenly taken, leaving her alone with a little daughter. In this time of sorrow she ,became interested in Christianity, through her mother. The mother had all her life been an ardent Buddhist, shaving her head and observing diligently the old rites. One day she wandered into a little church and there found that for which her heart had hungered-God. "Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they shall he filled." She hastened to tell the grief stricken daughter and end her long search for peace at the shrines and temples and in prayer to the rising sun. Together they sought and found Him \Vho is Life. Each Sunday they walked five miles across the city of Tokyo to church. It was before the day of street cars.

The new joy in Christ led to a desire to educate the tiny daughter as a Christian worker-or perhaps a pastor's wife. Mrs. Uchida went to !vIrs. Arthur, the first of our workers in Tokyo, and asked to be taken into the home as a servant, offering to do the most menial labor if the daughter might in return be educated. All her aristocratic Iblood and training she offered up as a meet sacrifice to her Lord, that the daughter might be a Christian worker. She entered the Arthur home as a nurse maid, but her albility and education were speedily discovered and she was made teacher of Japanese to the missionaries.

In 1875 Mrs. Uchida was led into the Sumida River in Tokyo and confessed her faith in the despised foreign religion, through baptism. Crowds gathered to see the strange sight-a foreign man and a Japanese young woman walking into the riYer. They drew the only conclusion possible to the understanding of that day-namely, that the two were committing suicide!

Her elder sister, wife of a high official, wrote her to abandon this hated religion and quit the foreigners' house, or else never again return home. Her reply was firm: "I can never throw away my faith, hence I shall have to give you up." Four or five years later the members of the sister's family all became Chris­tians! Today over seventy of the same family are professing Christians. Beyond the family, as a Bible woman, she has pro­claimed her faith throughout Japan.

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

For twenty-three years Mrs. Uchida has been mother to the ninety-odd girls in the dormitory of the Sendai Girls' School. She has also kept the accounts, superintended the servants, nursed the sick, enforced the rules, and in every way upheld the ideals of the School. As the girls put it-"Uchida Sensei is our kind dormitory grandmother; she 1aug~s with us in our joys and cries when we tell her anything sad. II

Her beloved -dormitory girls plan to make her approaching seventy-seventh birthday a great event, especially as the Japanese characters for c'seventy-seven" may also be read "Happiness".

The daughter for whom she sacrificed so much has fulfilled her mother's prayers-she -is the wife of an earnest pastor. After

·fifty years of work for Christ in Japan, the first Christian woman of our church is still giving an example of faithful, loving, yet aggressive Christian service.

A SKIPPER CALLED OF GOD

C~PTAIN JAAIES F LAUGHTON worthy succcssor to Ca.plaitl Bickcl as sailor-missionary on the Inland Sea, 'Was

born near the borders of Tibet. His parents were brave pioneers in the China Inland Mission, and not until their first furlough in Scotland did young James speak English freely. The Box'cr re­bellion drove the family down the long Yangtse river, and the)' reached Shanghai safely although the family in the succeeding boat was murdered. The boatmen had planned to land the Laugh­tons among the same brigands, but the sight of the father's re­volvers convinced them of the wisdom of sailing past.

An uncle who waS a sea-captain led young Laughton to prepare for the l1U!rchant marine. He took his practical 'work in ship­building with Cairn & Co., secured his first papers, and spent a a year on H.M.S. uColossus." His missionary bent led hi'm to work ill the rescue missions of Glasgow and Greenock d2tring his course, and the desire to devote himself to Christian work grew apace. He was about to accept an offer to become Chicf Petty Officer 011

the uColossus", with opportunity for further study, but being Scotch, took a day to think it over.

Returning to his rOO'ln, he found a letter from an unknown person containing a draft ample to pay his way to America to study for Christian work. To make a long story short, he has held two appointments as missionary-pastor under the N. Y State Convention, and a seven year -pastorate in Westport, N. Y A visit from Mr. Topping of Japan showed him thc opportunity left vacant by the death of Captain Bickel.

Th~ 1U!W Cg,ptain has the pioneer spirit of his parents, and a fine knowledge of universal human nature. His '{vife is quiet and cool-headed, . a fit companion for the Skipper of the Gospel Ship.

AND THESE ALSO HAVE SEEN THE MASTER 39

FROM BANKING TO CHRISTIAN SERVICE

LIKE many another Japanese youth, M-r. Takizawa was swept by the tide of materialism that in these latter days floods

Japan. He worked to become rich. In the Tokyo School of Foreign Languages he mastered English and gained also a knowledge of French, German, and Spanish. After graduation he entered the Bank of Fonnosa, working in their Tokyo office. He progressed rapidly and became the translator of foreign banking periodicals.

But three years ago he !became a Christian. A vision of Chris­tian service stirred unrest in his heart. He conceived a plan which would enable him, with credit already obtained, and special preparation, to graduate from Kyoto Imperial University with one more year of study, and then proceed to a four years' gradu­ate course in Sociology and Economics.

In March of this year he passed his entrance examinations at Kyoto and is well on the road to attain his vision of a life spent in Christian service of society.

FINDING GOD IN A STREET CAR

A CROWDED; dusty Tokyo street car seems a strange place to find God, yet Kusaka San came ,,·ith a shining face one

night after Bible class and said to his teacher, in quaint English, "I've found the God. I found him in the street car."

It came· out that a drunken fellow in the car had been "acting very proudly", causing untold inconvenience to the other pas­sengers, who seemed cowed by his boastful insolence. Kusaka San heard an inner command, bidding him speak. He had felt the call to be a Christian. but had never confessed his belief. But now he remonstrated with the drunken distu~ber:

"\Vhen you act like that, everyone is troubled. Because I'm a Christian, I don't like to see other people troubled. Please sit here on my knees."

Strange to relate, the fellow meekly sat down. And when he alighted at his stop, he apologized profusely for his shameful conduct.

From that day, Kusaka San began to grow. Shortly after, he came and asked the missionary for a place to live. His elder brother, lately become head of the family. was making life un­hearahle by his opposition to Christianity. The constant taunt was, "All these idealistic notions of Christian sen'ice are foolish­ness; why not become an electrical engineer and make money?"

But Kusaka San braved it all and won his battle. \Vith his mother as his sole sympathizer at home, he continued till he had won the consent of both father and hrother to his baptism and

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

also to his purpose to enter Waseda University, not as an elec­trical engineer, but as a future' Christian educator.

SinCe his baptism. three years ago he has been Sunday School secretary at the Tokyo Tabernacle, he has taught in the evening school for apprentices and in the afternoon playground. He or­ganized a Boy Scout troop which meets in the 'boys' homes so the parents may come to understand Christian ideals. .

In addition to his University work he is making special studies of Sunday School methods, and is already debating the advisability of a theological course in America aftergraduation from Waseda University.

THE FERVENT PRAYERS OF A RIGHTEOUS WIFE

A CHRISTIAN girl, 'Upon gradttation from our Yokolwma girlsJ school was married by her fmnily to a non-Christian

doctor. He was not a bad man at heart, b.ut whe't drunk would beat atld kick his wife, even after little ones had cmnc into thc family. She prayed for his cotwcrsion ycar by 'j'ear.

Unexpectedly hc was taken on as physician to a new Christian; school near his h.ome-the Mabie Memorial School for Boys. For the first time he met and associated with men, both YOU'I1,g and middle aged, who neither smoked nor drank. He was amazed to find that even at social functions, though full of life and fun, these men touched neither liquor nor tobacco. Merry-making with no liquor was an unique experience to him. A change gradually came into his life. He surprised his wife by joining her plans

. to earn money all her own as a thank. offering to the teacher who Iuul won her to Christ, even undergoing inconveniences to help IJer. He now allows his daughter to attend Iler motller's Alma Mater--and while not yet a professing Christiaft, he stood up at a faculty dinner of the two Christian schools, and publicly ex­pressed /tis gratitude to the institution which had developed the Christian character in his wife, which he had at last come to admire.

H AND THE GREATEST OF THESE IS LOVE"

T~IS story of a graduate of the ~omen's Christian College m Tokyo comes from Dean YaSUl of t·hat school, who told

it in chapel service. . Shortly before her graduation, one of the most reserved, ex­

quisite, and seemingly old-fashioned Christian girls of the class was married into the Christian family of Mr. S., whose father was a general in the Imperial Army. The young bride completed her course and took some graduate work. Her husband, an Imperial University graduate, is a specialist in a large electrical

AND THESE ALSO HAVE SEEN THE MASTER 4I

factory. He and his wife had many talks about the possibilities of a life of worthy service for her as well as for him, in addition to their common responsibility for the establishment of a Christian home.

Plans were under way for some forms of social work in the factory-classes in singing and gymnastics for the women em­ployees. Mr. S. suggested to his wife that opportunities for ser­vice might lie in this direction. He told her of the pride and arrogance of some of the young girl clerks who, having attended high school for a time, considered themselves better than the other clerks and demanded special classes !by themselves. l\·irs. S. decided to undertake this social work, and as a preliminary measure to do away with the snobbish attitude in question, her­self took a position in the factory ·in order that she might lIe identified with the humblest lahorer.

Mr. S. afterward wrote to Dean Yasui, expressing gratitude for the spiritual gifts his wife had received from the College. He said: "\Vhen I saw my wife coming out of the factory gate, hand in hand with the factory children whom she had been teach­ing, my eyes filled with tears, and I thought to myself, 'She is just like an angel of God. "

IN ::\0 \VISE CAST OUT

O CHIYO SAN wore a troubled look. Responsive like all Japanese to the beauties of !Ilature, she would ordinarily have

revelled in the bright spring day-the soft green grass, the fimnillg azaleas and the vivid green of new leaves against the blue sky. This

e

ga.rden at the Hinomoto (Source of Light) Girls' School was alwa}'s a joy to her. But today she sat alone by th.e little pool 'with the tiny arc/led bridge, obl£vio'U-s to Nature as well as to the other students as thc,}' played tennis or S7.('ung on the log s'v .. vng. o Chi)'o San was '(l'rcstling 'lmtll a problem.

Th.ree years ago, 7.('£th 11lltch trepidation, she had entered this Christian school. She belonged to the ((special class/' Japan's only approach to the caste S)'stel1t of India. For ccnturic s this class had been accounted unclean. and c01npellcd to lit:/c in separate vil­lages, thus becOl1ting i11 fact outcasts. BuddhiST1'/, had no place for the descendants of butchers and leather 'workers, and feudalisl1L had added to the class aU violators of the code of chi7.ralr.\'.

Modern Japan has progressed far in giving legal equality to these people] but those who have been trained for generations to look down on the uspecial class" cannot readily treat them as equals. The "eta" children ·may attend school 'lmth other children, but once their origin becomes known they are shunned by their comrades, and oftc1l feel that the teachers are also against them.

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

How different Hinomoto was from the other schools! It seemed to make no difference to the teachers that one bel.onged to the uspecial class" ,. both Japanese and American teachers, even th.e Principal, had all been kind to her. The girls too, especially the older ones who were mostly Christians, had also taken her in and her life had been happy.

She had come to see that the difference lay in the new teaching about One Who loved all, Who was ever the Friend of those in trouble, and 1Vho' had commanded us to love one another. She saw that before God all are alike. She talked eagerly with Imai Sensei, the adviser to her class.

UBut teacher," she had .exclaimed, uI canno~ understand why He was willing to die for me! ,I am not worth it r . uN one of us are worth it in ourselves/', UJas the answer, Ubut He loved us and gave Himself for us.'" That was it! Then she must give her life to Him.

That started the struggle at home. She had begged for per­musio1J to be baptized. That was not granted, for as members of the uspecial class" they were already sufficiently ostracized. If she forsook their gods and went off after this foreign religion she would cut off herself and family from even their own class. Never!

She loved her parents, but she finally decided that she loved YESU (Jesus) more. One winter Sunday morning she had a.'iked for baptism. With tears streaming down her face she gave her testimony to the church. She had repeatedly asked her parents for permission, but in vain. She could wait 1~0 longer, but must give herself to Christ. She had made bold to go counter to all the precepts of filial piety and obedience which are trained into every JapatJese from childhood; and now she was accepted, baptized, and went with radiant face to the communion table.

However, she could not bring herself to tell the news at home. F or several months this problem had been growing, and now she sat and struggled with it, oblivious to the happy shouts of the girls at play in the garden. Her parents might take her out of the school. They might even turn her out of ho'me. Where could she go? She had been taking time for prayer at home when she was supposedly changing her clothes after school. Her mother had begun to grow suspicious about the time consumed in the process of folding up her school skirt and 'was re'marking that 0 Chiyo must be up to mischief.

There by the little pool with its arched bridge the battle was won. She WOULD tell the truth! With a look of determination. she sought out the class adviser.

uTeacher, tonight I shall tell my father and mother that I am. a Christian and have been baptized. Please pray for me that I may be strong.}}

The teacher was all sympathy. UWhat if they turn you 01tt?1J

AND THESE ALSO HAVE SEEN THE MASTER 43

{(I don't know. But I must tell them anyway.n {(If that happens, come to me. I shall take you in any time)

day or night,'} promised the teacher. {(Thank you. you are so kind. Good byc.n

* * * * * * * * * * But the story has a happy ending. The angry parents at first

forbade her to return to school. As the days passed 0 Chiyo was obedient and dutiful) though sad; they were sorry} for they loved her. One day a teacher came to inquire if 0 Chiyo were ill} for her absence was noticed. The teacher dealt tactfully with the parents' complaints regarding their daughters conduct, and suc­ceeded in telling them something of what Christ meant in her own life and was beginning to mean to their daughter.

A family consultation followed her departure. At last 0 Chiyo was called in. Her father spoke. ((We felt very badly that you had entered this new religion, especially without our consent. rVe are of the 'special class' and must be loyal to our traditions. But since you have done this thing I suppose there is no help for it. If you MUST be a Christian, be a good one. You may as well go back to the school."

So it has comB to pass that 0 Chiyo is back at Hino11wto, w£th a ha.ppy face. IVith her friends she prays that her family may come with her into the Way of Life. Who can foretell her in­fluence in that ;( eta" village?

O~LY A COTTON APROK

"HOl\ORABLE mother, come with me at once to see teacher. She wishes me to wear my 'honorable apron every day

And you, you !" No, she would not cry. She never did that. But it was the beautiful apron the teacher had given her, and which she had so proudly worn home to show her mother!

"Child, didn't you tell the teacher that it ,yas lost? Go, tell her at once it is lost; we can't find it," returned the mother angrily as the little girl tugged at the filthy garments of this wild woman of the slums. Like an ogress she towered above the child-a wee bit of humanity, half fed, half clothed, elf-like in its fraility. OMasa San's mother was exceptionally large for a Japanese woman, coarse and terrible even among the women of the slums. The impending slap and the loud, angry voice failed to frighten the wee human morsel tugging at the kimono.

"If I tell the honorable teacher that, it is a lie ! Jesus will be sad. I'll not be Jesus' little girl. I love Him!" she cried.

44 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS 'IN JAPAN

"\\Tho. might he, be-this Jesus?" thought the mother. Could he be the junsa-the policeman? No, not he-for he had good reason not' to be kind to her and, hers.

"When I die, I'm going to be where Jesusis-where the angels ,are," continued O.Masa San, ~'where all is grand in the Honorable High Heaven above.".'

The mother dropped ·her arm and the wild look changed. vVhat was the child talking about? She would go and see this teacher. And yet . "how about the apron? She had pawned it to get drink. Could she tel1.the teacher that? Well, she could at least ask who 0 Masa San's new. friend Jesus might be. The kinder­garten teacher was kind, using the best language even to such as she. She would go.

So the true tale came to light, punctuated by warning tugs at the filthy garments !by a persistent little hand. The teacher was indeed kind, offering her tea and cakes. Best of all she told about Jesus-that loving Saviour who loved even sinners, and whomMasa San could not bear to grieve.

Would the mother please come. again? Indeed-she' would hear more of 0 Ma Chan's wonderful Friend and hear again the teacher reading from the Honorable sacred Book-"God so loved the world.. " God loved little 0 Ma Chan. He, the Honor­able God, Creator of heaven and earth, was saddened or made glad by their every deed. What god could take interest in such as sh~? This must !be a strange, wonderful God. Could it be true?

Into the darkness a window had opened, and sunbeams of His love had begun to pierce the gloom. Irrepressible 0 1vfasa San, sometimes the despair of her teachers, had opened it!

THE BEST STORY BOOK

I N a certain primary school the children were often asked to tell any story they liked. One boy always had the best stories,

and the teacher asked where he found such interesting tales. It turned out that they were Bible stories, learned in a Christian kindergarten and in Sunday School. uWeU," she said, ilif that is what yDfl. learn at Sunday School, please take my son with you when you go." And the two boys come together to the Sunday School every Sunday.

AND DEMONS ALso CAME OUT FROM MANY'

HER home is in the Liu Chiu Islands. Her father, Eishin Urasaki, is a gentleman, genial in disposition, big of heart,

and principal ()f a large primary school. From childhood he had

AND THESE ALSO HAVE SEEN THE MASTER 4S

regarded Christianity as a Western superstition harmful to Japan. His chief interest was education-his joy and pride was his family of a boy and two girls. The girls were teachers also, and their village hot1?e was very happy.

Suddenly the elder daughter was stricken with a strange dis­ease. Some said she had lost her reason-others declared she must have incurred the ill will of the gods. The girl believed that she had bee~ changed into an animal. Now she was a dog, walking on hands and knees, barking, ibiting, and foaming at the mouth. Again, imagining herself to be an ox, her strength would defy the efforts of her father to hold her.

The malady baffled the doctors, and the parents were dis­tracted. Priests were called, but the girl drove them away in a torrent of anger. In a thatched hovel in an adjoining valley dwelt a woman believed to possess occult powers. People avoided her, save when, laden with presents, the folk sought her aid in 5ick­ness. Mr. U rasaki had despised the credulity and superstitions of his neighbors, but now he himself brought gifts to the old ((yuta

7J

and implored her aid. She came and performed her incantations on the hill. at the lonely spot where the sacred pine looks out to sea. But this disease yielded to none of the witch's de,"ices. The daughter grew worse~and in the heart of the father melancholy drove out joy. Deep lines appeared on his face.

One day the father came home to find Uyehara San, Bible woman of the Naha Baptist Church, seated by his daughter's side. holding her hand and regarding the fevered face with a look of deep compassion. His daughter hated strangers and generally drove them away; yet here she was with her hand quietly resting in that of the stranger. and with a look of unaccustomed peace on her face. Something of the compassion of Jesus had passed from his servant to sooth the afflicted spirit of the girl. The father was surprised, but this time the Christian teacher was welcome. After that the father often came home to find the two deep in conversation.

"I do not pretend to know how it was done," said the father in telling the story. "I do know that the touch of that Christian woman was the first thing that hrought the feelings of a human heing !back to my helcn"cd child. and that afterwards the Gospel message completed the cure and transformed her. Once more she has become the JOY of her parents al1d in a new sense the light of her home. ,\Ve studied the Bibletog·ether. YVe sought the Lord together. \Ve went together to the church at N"aha. whence the messenger of the Lord had come. Now comes the completion of our happiness. for tmlay the four of us have heen haptizerl to­gether v,rhile my SOl1 in Tokyo has also hecome <l Christi<ll1.'·

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

liTHE LORD Is My SHEPHERD"-IN A BUDDHIST CEMETERY

"NuW it is too late In Mr. Murano, S071, of a prominent Buddhist and member of Parliament, was speaking to

the Principal of a Christian school for girls. UN ow it is too late! In her illness we saw that my sister had

a power of endurance and a peace and trust which we cannot understand. N ow' we realize that 1-(then she asked father's per­mission to receive baptis·l'II, she 'was not imitating her classmates, but did know its meaning .• Our refusal was a great disappointment to her, but that cannot now be helped. It is too late! I have come from our parents to f1wke a request. We know that sister would WatJt a Christian funeral; she loved the school, and 'lcmmd 1000/c to come again into tlie chapel. We shOltld like your school to an'ange for a Christian funeral. But before you reply, please understand that because man)' of Qf.tr ,'elati'l'es and friends are devOltf Bud­dhists we intend to have a Buddhist funeral later in the countr,\'. ~Vtth that 1mderstal1d£ng, are you willing to hQ.'lle the Chr-isti(l11 service?"

The Prin.ci/Jal of the Jfm'v Colb,:.' School thought for a 11t017u'nt and reNied, aYes. 'eW' sTwTl bl' qlad to ha'lJe the sen'ice." She l.'lle'lt' it 'Would be 0 Kiva San's 'wish. and it 'luould br nIl opporf1mit,v to wtness for Christ. TJ7hat happen.ed affert.t'ard did not 11Wft{T

. The service 'was impressive. The singing of her classmates 11.'OS

sweet and tender. An account of her life was qiven, touchinrt upon her Christian experience. The pastor's words 'were well-chosen. !f any' relatives were present.

The followinq day the brother Ca'lJl.e to the school. U Aqain I ask a favor. All mv peoPle were so impressed b" 'yesfrrda'\,"s ser­vice that 'we held a familv council and we all 'Wish to hWlJe i11 thr cmlntyv a service like tlU'· on.e £11 the Chapel, insteod of the Rud­dhist funeral. Could you ar1'onge that for us?n

With great joy the request was gran.fed. Out in the countr,),. where Christ's name had probably never before been mentioned. in the presence of hU11,dreds of people, a Christian service was held. The B'ible was read, praver offered. Christian h'vmns sung. and .fitting words spoken. Silentl'j' the g1'eat crowd listened to if all. Then far and u';'de spread the ne'l£.'.c uThe }'lurano fmnilv-THE Mttraiw family-luld a c;hristian funrrol for their belD'l'cd child."

In that Buddhist cemeler'V is a. g1'a'l/{' tnark.ed ((Murano K i'Yo" On the stone are car'ued the Iwords:

THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD.

Educational Opportunities and Progress

WHY an educational program by American Baptists in Japan?

It is a fair question. Has not Japan a good system of educa­tion and is that not adequate? She has a system of secular educa­tion which is in many ways (especially on paper) efficient, but the utter divorce between education and an adequate moral foundation is such that her own authorities are admittedly alarmed and ready for concrete suggestions as to how to put things right. The mis­sion of the Christian school was never more clear-cut than in modern Japan. Christian educational forces have the opportunity of a generation to lead the way into the kind of education which will make Japan safe for the democracy which seems at hand, and ready for the Kingdom of God.

Mission schools are needed to find and train the Youn~ men and women upon whose shoulders will rest the task of Christian­izing this nation. :Men who have come up through the govern­ment system of education are rarely prepared to make the spiritual contribution which Japan so sorely needs. The imperial system is not calculated to produce such men; its products are of a different stripe. The church in this Empire must have leaders who have been under the sway of the ~I(aster during their forma­tive veal's. One look at actual conditions in the various denomi­nations in .T apan is sufficient to indicate beyond question that those church groups which have persistently stressed education since the early days are those which are forging ahead into self­support and agg-ressive eyang-elism. On the contrary, those groups which have taken lightly the ohligation to educate their young men and women are limping where they might be stepping out finnly toward a goal of sure triumph in His Name.

It is. therefore. \\'jth just pride that Baptists can point to their good fortune as one of the co-operating groups in the Union

\Vomen's Christian College in Tok~'o. The S11C­

Union Women's cess of the recent campaign for funds in the Christian College States has meant great rejoicing here as new

steps fon\~ard can be taken with confidence. There is no question but that the College has. during the short period of its existence. made a real place for itself in Japanese li fe. The great question is whether it can keep pace with its un­precedented opportunities in the field of education for women. where it is hlazing an almost totally new trail. The Christian C()llege for women is showing the path to the educational author­ities in a worthy manner.

The missionary teachers at the College are greatly encouraged in regard to the atmosphere and spirit this past year. Chapel ser­vices have been well attended and there is a deep interest in

47

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

Christiallit,y. New equipment brings rejoicing; but nothing is so gratifying as results in Christian womanhood. Dean Yasui is putting an unmistakablyChrjstian impress on the student body.

The Seminary in Tokyo carries on . high grade work with an able staff of professors. The type of s1:Udents is improving

and a better class' of young men is 'coming for Japan Theological training. \Vhile the institution reaches out in Seminary many ways to help in the work in and about

Tokyo, it is felt that in some way the school would benefit greatly by being linked up to some larger group where contacts would be less limited and where the give-and­take of student life would require mingling with men of other ambitions and ideals. The minister in Japan must be a man of broad sympathies and alble to win men; he must know life inti­mately from rich experience in the world of affairs; he can not be a recluse, separate from his kind. None are more aware of this than the trustees and teachers in the Japan Baptist Theo­logical Seminary. It is a Question of ways and means.

The year in the Osaka Bible Training School for young women has seen improvements and advances. Fourteen girls have done

faithful work and have shown evidences of Osaka Bible growth in power and efficiency through the re­Training School vised course of practical study. There are no

students now who are not at least graduates of High SchooIs,-a fact which in itself allows for a higher grade of work. The completion of the Christian Community-Center­M:ead Hall-has also been a great factor in gi,-ing the young women more practical training; boys' clubs. girls' clubs, chil­dren's clinics,' classes in domestic science and hygiene afford rich experience for future usefulness. Howeyer, the emphasis throughout on the e,'anl-re1istic motive for all service has been well marked. Not a sing-Ie class session or club meeting has heen held without at least a short Bihle lesson. The impact upon the community surrounding the Training School has therefore been uneQuivocallv that of an institution where Christ Himself is the motive power and where His saving grace is manifested in an the activity.

A training school for kindergartners in Japan is meeting an ever increasing need and opportunity. In spite of the handicaps

which arise from a /building never intended to Tokyo senre a school. the Traininl-r School under Miss Kindergarten Kiku Ishiwara's guidance has prospered and Tnining School grown to embarrassing proportions. The school

now enrols 35 students. Vvhen the students heard of the serious cut in appropriations this last year, due to financia.l strin~ency at the home base, they decided to raise money hy holding a bazaa~, selling their own handiwork. They netted

EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND PROGRESS 49

a hundred dollars on sales; but, more than that, they found it had proved a remarkable opportunity for increased touch with their neighbors. There is a manifest growth in interest on the part of the students in the mothers and Sunday School children, leading them into new life in Christ.

In spite of all the handicaps of past years because of shifting the institution hither and yon and housing it in unsuitable build­ings, this school has shown that it was not 'born to die. A new proposition is before the denomination: to move the Kinder­garten Training School to the old, historic Suruga Dai Hill, made sacred by the heautiful lives and devoted service of Miss Kidder and :Miss \Vhitman. At last the School has prospects of an adequate and suitable location. (The Suruga Dai was total­ly destroyed in the earthquake and fire.-Ed.)

The "Shokei Jogakko" in Sendai has recently attained the distinction of recognition by the Imperial Department of Educa­

tion as an accredited school, by which privilege Ella O. Patrick its graduates may hereafter enter the Imperial Girls' School Unh"ersity Colleges of Law or Literature. This

is an honor held hy few schools in Japan. The 1923 graduates from Shokei have been snapped up by

government schools looking for well-trained teachers. This means that these Christian young women will spread far and wide the influen{'e of the school. This school has a unique record for g-raduates being baptized Chri~tians before they leaye the institu­tion. Every member of the 1923 graduating class was a Chris­tian, some of them haying had to pass through deep waters of persecution before they were allowed to declare their faith. The atmosphere of Shokei is naturally. wholesomely Christian. Girls find it the normal thing to enter into the Christian life. Both teachers and students are delighting in the completion of the Saff()rd Dormitory-a new departure in construction of this tyue. Chane-es in the life of the nation at large are mirrored in this heautiful !"truc1ure with its modern nlumbing and electric heating apnaratus. in its wooden floors in place of the usual straw mats. and with cots for beds instead of the usual quilts rolled out on the Anor. The yalttp of this training- in modern ways of sanitarv and hvg-ienic living. with proper p~iyac~-. will not be wasted on these future leaders and home-makers of new Japan.

"Soshin Jogakko," on the commanding site overlooking Yoko­hama City and Harbor, has prospered beyond even the wishes

and dreams of those in charge of the school. Mary L. Colby The largest enrollment in the history of the School for Girl'S institution indicates the esteem in which Soshin

is held in the community and ~urrounding coun­tn". This increased -attendance, with bnt little augmenting of the teaching staff (no additional missionary workers have been sent

50 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

here in spite of the need) has made a situation that is hard to meet. Crowding' for class space has brought home again and again the urgency of the need for the new Science Hall. Expansion is im­perative; the campus is ample in extent hut other buildings are needed to complete the quadrangle. A devoted group of seventeen splendidly qualified teachers has ably assisted the young women missionaries to uphold the high standards of the School and through it to m~e a very genuine contribution to the Christianiza­tion of Japan through her women. (This school was badly damaged, but not destroyed, by the earthquake, which will also increase the number of pupils through the destruction of other schools. -Ed.)

"Hinomoto Jogakko " , in the southwestern city of Himeji, has rounded off thirty years of service. The alumnae took the occasion

of the celebration exercises to pledge themselves to Hinomot.o raise:fi ve thousand dollars for their Alma l\1ater Girls' School in the next three years to build some of the build-

ings on the fine new campus which awaits develop­ment. It is always difficult to recruit strong men and women teachers because of the distance from the educational Mecca of Tokvo. but the staff has lately been reinforced lw several more welf qualified instructors: some of these are active Christians and are investing their lives with genuine missionarv motives. Religious activities are heing- carried on unostentatiouslv but with very definite results. Forty-eight girls have given themselves to Christ during- the past year as a natural result of the Bihle c1asse!' and other religious interests. Teachers' praver services have added to the spiritual tone. Fifteen Sunday Schools have heen main­tained in the district surrounding- Hinomoto School. taught hv the younger teachers, graduates and older students. Fifteen of the latest graduating class were baptized Christians. while the other two were followers of Christ. though prevented by parental ob­jections from openly declaring their faith.

A short review of this character reveals a quiet, effective work in the Master's name that is bound to have results. \\Tho can estimate the influence which these schools are exerting through the years, as young women go out from them into the nation's life with the ideals of Jesus, to work for a new day in Japan? They are assuredly a ·part of the leaven which will eventually leaven the whole lump!

The New World Movement would have justified its existence in the establishment of Mabie Memorial School for Boys in

Yokohama, even had it done nothing else. Mabie Memorial Kwanto Gakuin-the name by which l'vIabie School for Boys School is known in Japan-reports very fine

work and progress. Official recognition by the Imperial Department of Education has put the institution for-

BEFORE AND AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE

The Mabie Memorial School for Boys

A Missionary Residence in Yokohama

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

ward, calling it to general attention because of the fact that this privilege wa~ granted . two years earlier than is customary with a new school. This recognition assures an even 'better type of ap­plicant, for with it comes treatment for Kwanto's graduates equal to that given men from regular government Middle Schools. This partly accounts for the fact-unprecedented in the story of mis­sion schools generally throughout Japan-that in many cases ap­plicants for admission have shown decided preference for Kwanto Gakuin over and above the local government schools. This speaks volumes for the reputation which K wanto has at­tained, though less than five years old.

An absolute essential is a Christian faculty. It is a great satis­faction that twenty-eight teachers out of thirty-four are earnest followers of the Man of Nazareth. Few schools can equal that record. The student body of 556-divided into five years of work -has been sifted out from nearly three times that number of ap­plicants. It contains fine material from which it is reasonable to e>...llfct real leaders in the future. Five outstanding men in the upper classes have lately confessed their faith through baptism. joining the school-church. The work in Bible-studv (a regular subject. recognized by the authorities) has been divided into some forty or more informal groups with from ten to a dozen boys in each. Thus personal contacts can be increased and a more intimate relationship can easilv be established between the hoys and their big brothers on the faculty. This has involved a great increase in the hours of teaching carried by each Christian teacher, but the work has been eagerly undertaken. The Christian Association is full of vig-or and enthusiasm. Voluntary Bible classes

• are well attended on Sunday morning before the 'church hour. 'Vith the faculty so well rounded (more Imperial Universitv ~duates teach at Kwanto than in any other school of this grade known to us) .. with the student hony eag-er and amhitious. ann the new extension to the main huilding- under wav. the future is bri~t with hODe and assurance of han'est. (~fabie School wa ~ totallv destroyed hy earthquake and fire.-Ed.)

\Vith the l\1:iddle School well established under the leadership of Principal Sakata, the absolute necessity of commencing the Higher Department at once is being given very thoug-htful con­sideration by the !'tfission and the Japanese Church. The reasons are not far to seek ~ in order. first. to hold some of the l)est men on ·the teaching staff; in order, secondly, to hold the boys who !';oon graduate from Kwanto and who desire to continue their education in our own College; in order, thirdly. to live up to promises made to the Covernor and local authorities. who grantp (l us the magnificent site in the expectation that a College would be developed in the near future; in order to maintain (JUr stand­ing with our growing constituency who feel the need of more

EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND PROGRESS 53

and better higher schools' in the prefecture-for these and other reasons, it is important that College work begin in April of next year. Land and buildings are needed to enable Baptists in Japan to make good their distinct obligations in this important direction. With the first class about to graduate next Spring (1924), it will be comparatively easy to turn the best young men into this department and lead them to ·seek preparation for. Christian service.

The chief characteristic of K wanto Gakuin is the co-operation and self-effacing service manifested by the teachers associated with Principal Sakata. There are few institutions anywhere which are more Christian in the make-up and ideals than is Kwanto Gakuin. This splendid memorial to Dr. Henry C. Mabie is one of which Baptists can justly be proud_and thankful. (Despite the complete destruction of the buildings, the school, somewhat re­duced in numbers, is carrying on in temporary barracks erected beside the mins.-Ed.)

THE RETURNED STUDENT-AsSET OR LIABILITy-WHICH?

T wo 'Young m.en, members of Christian churches in Japan, left for study in the United States. Both entered leading

universities in America and studied for about the same length of time. Both returned to their native land: one to be a mighty asset for the Kingdom, in this Empire; the other, to be a drag on the church, in which he is no longer interested.

Mr. K., who had already proved himself a winner of men for the Kin,gdom back in Japan, was always inclined to be cynical and pessimistic before he 'wcnt abroad. Some of his well-wishers were deeply concerned oz'cr the possible effect upon him of travel and study in America. His experiences in the States have served to sz('cefen him, to mellow his faith, and he has come back to pt'oclaim the power of the gospel to change and save men.

Mr. A., who has since his return to Japan been engaged in a line of business which is profitable but not elevating, and who is rarely seen in church or known to be working at his religion, was before he went to the States a 'man of sumty disposition. Since his retuY1~ he never has bccn able to speak of America without listing the '11turders, divorce scandals and Uke odoriferous events which garnish the headHnes of American llc'lt'spapers. TIt·is is the picture of Ame1·ica that Jze is spn>ading about in all inno­cence and with some degree of truthfulncss. He has his facts and they are ghastly 01lCS.

Why are the impress£01tS of A11lcr£cQ. on Afr. K. and Afr. A. so at variance? One is an. asset to you.r nz.issionaric s .. the other a liability to the Cause. The reason lics il1 the sim.ple but pro-

54 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN 1APAN

found fact that Mr. K. has been a 'welcome guest in many a Christian home a1Jd has interpreted America in terms of that bit of Christ's kf:ngdom on earth-the home. It has furnished him the key with which to cuter into the heart and soul-life of America. On the other hand, Mr. A. was four ,)'tars in tile States and never once had the good fortune to be entertained in a Christian hmne. iVa one had thought to invite him. He could not enter into Amer­ica~s real heart-life without an intimate knowledge of a Christian home, and its eXG11'tple before him. America had failed to impress him i~'ith its Christ.

Is there not food for thought for hot1te-keepers in the land where Christ has redee'lIt{'d the home and 'where foreign students are nearb'y--/oneso'llf,e, h011te-sick, discouraged ofte'n: always ob­seri/ant of the life around them and read), to be influenced? To open Christian homes to foreign students is sharing the joys of being a missionars. Sermons in hotncs! Let the foreign students in :your c011l11lulli(,' read them!!

Domestic Science-Our Girls' School in Sendai

Evangelism Through Social Service

A. AN OUTLINE OF PRESENT WORK

~ 'THE spirit of the Lord God is upon me; because the Lord hath annointed me to preach good tidings unto the

meek; he hath sent me to bind up the broken hearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound; to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, and the day of vengeance of our God."

\Vith these words Jesus announced his program of social ser­vice, and to this day and in every land His unseen hand and un­told power are carrying forward His program. In Japan, by means material and spiritual, through Oriental and Occidental, He is fulfilling His God-appointed task. The sudden plunge of Japan into industrial life has caused an enormous and dispropor­tionate gain in the population of the cities. This has meant con­gested living conditions. From slum and factory and mine comes the cry of the captives and the bruised. Remembering Christ's words and mindful of His example, the missionary must take up His program and seek to help people in all the complex re­lationships of life.

In Tokyo, at the Tabernacle, the acceptable year of the Lord is proclaimed from the pulpit and in every week-day activity.

Here is a free legal advice bureau to help poor Various Activities people who borrow money and get into trouble of One Center or those who have other problems needing ex-

pert legal advice and counsel. A lawyer, brother of Pastor Nakajima, has an office in the Tabernacle for a half day each week. His partner in law, although not a Chris­tian, joins with him in this gift of time from the firm to the needs of the community.

The visiting nurse is the neighborhood angel of mercy. She visits the homes of the poor, hunts up the sick, and, through work­ing arrangements with physicians and hospitals, assists in pro­viding medical help and hospital care when needed. To her mothers bring their problems. Often she helps people find work. In countless 'other ways she bears the burdens of the neighborhood, ever pointing to the great Durden-Bearer.

Almost en'n' year the Tabernacle co-operates in fighting epidemics. This year, when an alarm of small-pox came, some two thousand people were inoculated there. Last year about the same number were inoculated against influenza. K 0"· the City authorities designate the Tabernacle as the center for the district whenever inoculation is necessary. The doctors of the neighbor­hood give their services and the City supplies the medicine. For

55

AGTIYITES OF THE TOKYO MISAKI TABERNACLE-1922

GIRLS' ENGLISH

SCHOOL

EVANGELISM THROUGH SOCIAL SERVICE S7

any community problem or need the people flock to the building for conference, counsel, and help.

WeHare workers in America would be quite interested to see familiar methods and materials in Japanese dress and setting.

In many places throughout the land, posters, Adaptation of leaflets, books, and other health materials have Foreign Methods been freely imported and widely used. There and Materials are groups of people doing tl1e "Daily Doze~"

exercises. Mrs. Ninomiya hangs t1:t~ Good Pos­ture League posters in her kindergarten of one hundred pupils. Mrs. Otawa sets ahout the translation of the Child I-Iealth Alpha­bet. Japanese ladies study the MarY'land Tuberculosis Society posters in a missionary home. The National Mother's Association publishes illustrations and instructions from the "Better Babies Movement." Doctors recommend these things to their patrons, and officials exhibit them in poster form till they are worn to tatters. Even the Imperial Department of Education proposes to get behind Mrs. Scott's campaign for Better Babies, agreeing to publish and distribute the posters and leaflets she has prepared. A doctor coming to the Scott home in Osaka to help in a meeting said, "\<\1 e need your co-operation to reach the mothers. Any time, in any place, where you may arrange a meeting, we shall gladly furnish a speaker from among our number." For some time the primary schools have weighed and measured their pupils, but have stopped with this. Recently a school principal accepted en­thusiastically Mrs. Scott's offer to give lessons in food selection and preparation. Another doctor said to her, "In all this work for the welfare of the children we need the Christ spirit; other­wise it will fall far short and be lacking in permanency. \Ve need the help of the Christian missionaries."

At the \\·omen-s Bible Training School in Osaka, the door of the imposing new Jubilee Building stands hospitably open. On

the first floor are the sunshiny Sunday School A Full Program rooms, a clinic, and the Secretary's office. In In the Osaka the basement are the domestic science room and Jubilee Building the gymnasium, the latter serving as a big

dining room. The assembly room, the women's club room, and the reading room are on the second floor. Often on Monday night as many as two hundred children attend the children's meeting. On Tuesday the women of the neighborhood come for cooking lessons, or the .tittle girls to study English, or ambitious young nlen to attend the night school. On \Vednesday troubled women come to confer with one of the teachers, who holds a law degree from the Imperial University and helps them with family and property matters. On Thursday women come to learn dressmaking. On Friday the school ministers to the souls

.r-r

.'

Visiting Nurse. from Tokyo Tabernacle

Free Legal Advice Bureau, Tokyo Tabernacle

Taking Dolly to Kindergarten

New Mead Christian Center at Osaka

Playground at Mead Christian Center

EVANGELISM THROUGH SOCIAL SERVICE 59

and 'bodies of little chiJdren. On Saturday there are boys' and girls' clubs, and on Sunday, Sunday School. Besides all of these there is a kindergarten of fifty. In an effort always to impart the best gift to the people, at every class and meeting the Bible is read and explained.

This work is possible because there is adequate equipment. A similar work could and should be done on the Baptist property

on the other side of Osaka; but without a Fukagawa-A Real buHding it cannot be done, and, with no pros-Slum District pect of a building soon, the property is being of Tokyo sold to help provide a building for Fukagawa

in Tokyo. Fukagawa, Deep River, is a charming name, but one's heart grows sick at the sight or sound of the word when one knows the conditions that exist there,­nearly a million starved, sick, dirty, weary people, laboring end­lessly to live unspeakably in the smoke of the wi,lderness of factories and in the filth of their dark, damp, unventilated homes, often submerged and often ravaged with the worst diseases.

Here in a tiny, dingy house ,less than three feet from a factory, with a playground adequate for ten children, is the Baptist kinder­garten of forty children, the largest possible number that can be crowded into the circle. Glasses are held two afternoons a week for the Juniors. And although there is no equipment to make them interesting or attractive, mothers' meetings are held from time to time. On Sunday the Bible school is so crowded that teaching is next to impossible. Fifty chairs are all that can be crowded in for the church service. Japanese workers and missionaries have served with patient and courageous love. An eager young preacher, Tada San) educated in America, is making the best of the poor equipment, but little constructive work can be done until the new building can !be erected. Surely it cannot come too soon.

B. SOCIAL :\EEDS AND DREAMS FOR THE FFTURE

It would be creating a false impression to suggest that the above is the whole of our Baptist social service work. There is not a church but what is making the material conditions and home life of its community more wholesome in some tangible way. \Vhile all that is being done is gratifying to those who rejoice in good tidings proclaimed and prisoners released, yet it is so small. in comparison with our Baptist responsibilites in the face of the awful need, that surely there is little cause for boasting. Let us see what might be done with consecrated life and equipment.

Dr. Axling has recently outlined an adequate Baptist Social Program and has dreamed of its realization. \\"e shall follow his thought, as he sets forth the three goals of this program.

60 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

I. THE EsTABLISHING OF SOCIAL CENTERS

A· social center is Christianity in action. Here the gospel is again incarnated inhuman form, is given hands and feet and a throbbing heart, and is projected out into the community life. These demonstration centers make the gospel of Christ a living thing and bring it home to the consciousness of the people on a plane which they cannot fail to understand and appreciate.

Even in a casual survey of our Baptist field there are certain localities which thrust themselves forth as strategic centers for social effort.

Kamaishi, on the Morioka field, has long been challenging Baptists to cease playing with a big situation and do something

adequate. Here is an industrial city of some Kamaisbi-An 25,000 people. The center of its life is the iron Industrial City mine with its noisy blasts and blazing furnaces of 25,000 People where thousands of people are employed. One

can stand on the main street of this city, be­tween the mountains and the sea, and see it so thronged with working folk as to make difficult the realization that one is ,400 miles away from Tokyo's crowded centers. At night this street is packed with people. Thousands of young men, released from their day's toil, are out in search of some sort of diversion. Hundreds of them find it, but alas! in dens of vice, for these abound. While this tide of humanity ebbs and flows through the streets of Kamaishi we are limited to a tiny Japanese house on a side street with a program providing .for Sunday meetings and a week-night prayer service. Ours is the only Christian effort being made in this industrial community. It is so lacking in equipment, program, and purpose as to be allmost negligible. An institutional plant ought to be launched with work for children. mothers, young men, working men, and all the homes involved, which would make Kamaishi realize that Christians care.

Kawasaki is another industrial center where the Baptists were elm on the ground Boor." During the last fifteen years, this com­tI1unity has grown far beyond our program. We still work on a village basis while around us has sprung up a teeming city. During the war, Kawasaki made a leap into industrial prominence. Radiating from Kawasaki 2000 factories and industrial plants were' built. Post-war progress has not kept up this pace, but Kawasaki ranks with the . great industrial communities of the Empire. The factories there are of the better type and the work­ers of the better class. The call, therefore, is for a program with educational, social, and recreational features rather than relief and philanthropic work. It ought not to be diffieult,after the initial expense for plant and equipment, to put it on a self­supporting 'basis. A live church, with a pas~ion for its commu-

EVANGELISM THROtJGH SOCIAL SERVICE 61

nity, and an adequate building in which to work ought to meet the need. It would also provide a training center for the Chris­tian students of both Mabie Memorial and the Kanagawa Girls' School.

No social survey can fail to put Osaka on its program, in capital letters. Osaka spells opportunity for Christian social ser-

vice. The industrial masses crowd and Osaka-An Industrial jostle on every hand. Osaka is awake, and Comrnucial City open-minded and progressive. The man on of 1,380,000 People the street and the working folk are think-

ing hard, and are facing the unborn future rather than the dead past.

As a city, Osaka lays big plans and does big things. She is in a class by herself. In her social service and welfare work she is far ahead of the other cities of Japan. Not only has she a social program that covers 3Jlmost eyery field of welfare work, but in addition private organizations abound. In all there are one hun­dred and ninety-four public and private centers carrying on various lines of work. Of these only seyenteen are Christian.

Certainly in this industrIal city of 1.380.000 people the Bap­tists cannot t:'est content with their present plans. It seems nothing less than a tragedy that in spite of this opportunity no Christian church in Osaka has launched out on a far-reaching program of social service and community betterment. ]\f ore and more this form of work is passing under city and non-Christian auspices. It is. high time that some Christian church jumped into the breach. \Yhy not the Baptists?

The Shinkawa district is the running sore of Kobe. Sin, dis­ease, crime, and poyerty hold sway over 20.000 of humanity's

dregs. On the rim of this reeking slum stands the Shinkawa-A Zen Rin Kindergarten. Its plans for new land, Running Sore new buildings, and the extension of its program to of Kobe enable it to reach a saying arm deeper into the

Ii fe of this slum ought to be realized at an early date. Kagawa, the Apostle to Shinh.llwa. and his companion in work, l\Irs. Kagawa. live and labor right in the heart of this slum. But the field is too large and the need too great for them alone. They welcome anything that we can do to lift the life of this section out of its squalor and sin.

Another ringing challenge comes from the Habu-?\Iitsunosho District in the Inland Sea. Here are located the Osaka Dock

Company's docks and ship-building industries. Ha!bu-Mitsunosho There are five docks. the largest of ,,·hich will In the Inland take ships of twelve thousand tons. Ships of Sea District ten to twelve thousand tons must come here for

their government survey. There 'is a population of fi fteen thousand, made up of mechanics connected with the

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

docks, school children, merchants, fanners, and fishermen. With the docks as center it is a busy, bustling little city set away on an island in the "Sea \Vithin the Straits." It attracts travel and trade from the surrounding islands, is the center for steamers and sail-boats from nine surrounding islands, and is on the direct route for shipping lines from Onomichi and Shikoku.

At these docks Christians occupy places of leadership and power. :Mr. Sasako, the Superintendent of the docks, :Mr. Taki­hara, head of the repair department, and :Mr. Aoki, in charge of the company's store, are aggressive Christian men. Other Chris­tians hold places of lesser importance. Superintendent Sasako is anxious to put on a social and evangelistic program for the 2150 mechanics working on these docks, for their families, and for the whole community. He has put the matter up to Baptists, offer­ing to furnish $2,500.00 toward building a church as a center for this work if we will provide $1,500.00. Such an offer as this is rare enough to be startling. We ought to march right into this open door. It will mark a new stage in the development of the Inland Sea work.

II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SOCIAL POLICY

In every Christian church, school, and institution there should be cultivated the community consciousness and a sense of res­ponsibility for the neighborhood life. It is just as true of churches and institutions as of individuals that they will be utterly unable to find their souls if they live for themselves.

In Japan we must avoid the ugly breach which has opened up hetween the church and the masses in America and England. Why repeat the mistakes which have been made, with such dis­astrous loss to both, over there? The drift of the common people away from organized religion here has already set in strongly. A religious survey made last year among 14.000 workers scattered in factories all over Japan brought to light the fact that 92% still keep the idols on the god-shelf in their homes and 69% still bow before them in worship. The vast majority, however, ex­pressed themselves as either indifferent to or disgusted with the pagan priests and their prayers, and more than half confessed to a strong dislike for Christianity. Yet only fourteen declared themselves as openly hostile to religion as such. And one-third of the total number acknowledged that in time of trial they re­sorted to prayer. Here is a warning to which the church cannot afford to turn a deaf ear. Everv one of our churches and institu­tions should throw itself into the life of its neighhorhood hv some definite fonn of service, thus making itself an indispensable part of the community life.

II

An Osaka Slum

BAPTISMS:

270 in 1921 500 in 1922

1917 19:12

INDEPENDENT CHURCHES:

5 in 1917 9 in 1922

Do They Need the Gospel?

1:.117 :,'11> l~'l~' 1920 1!J21

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM JAP ANE,SE BAPTISTS:

Y13,502.00 in 1917 Y15,521.00 in 1918 Y22,08'l.OO in 1919 Y27,029.00 in 1920 Y37,859.00 in 1921 Y39,S61.00 in 1922

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

III. FORWAImING THE WORK OF CHRISTIAN PENETRATION

Perhaps the Ch~istianization of Japan may. come ina way fat different from what we commonly think. It will not come solely through the work of foreign mission organizations. There are signs that God is at work in a larger way. He is not limiting Himself to anyone channel or agency. Christ has laid His mould­ing hand upon every phase of life in tbis Empire. The 'Christian penetration of Japan's thought, political life, and social life is one of the flaming facts of our day. Such mighty changes have been "'Tought through fhe coming of Jesus to Japan that it can never again be what it was.

Consider how Christ has invaded Buddhism. Priests and fol­lowers of this pagan faith have taken over whole areas of Chris­tia.n thought and grafted them on to the faith of their fathers. Unconsciously they are using Christian phrases and concepts. They are interpreting Buddhist doctrines from the Christian angle and writing lives of Buddhist priests with Christian phraseology and coloring.

Not only has Christ invaded the theology and thinking of Buddhism. but he is also rejU\Tenating and enlarging its social ideals and leading its followers out into all sorts of social better­ment work. There is scarcely any phase of social service in which they are not today engaged. Is it not significant that in the recent attempt to extend the geisha hours ill Kobe the Buddhists and Shintoists joined the Christians in a campaign of opposition? Doubtless they had different motives and different ideals in this campaign but· that they should do anything to oppose the geisha evil is something new under the sun.

Beyond a doubt Christianity is penetrating Japan)s social. in­tellectual, and religious life, and we should help it forward from every possible angle though neither Baptists nor the Christi~n Church get the credit. It is not the channel that matters hut the.. goal. Through all ages God has worked through various channels. It is evident He is doing the same in Japan. \Ve need to he sure that we are thinking His thoughts after Him,. marching in union with Him, and working with Him. If we do this, He will con­serve the resultc; and hasten the coming of His· Kingdom.

A social consciousness and an evangelistic passion must go hand in hand. The Baptist program must be evangelistic. Its whole motive and method and goal must be that of linking up individuals. home~, and communities to Jesus Christ and thereby contributing directly to .Kingdom building. Only a sociaL program which is centered in God and incanlates and reveals Christ can minister to the deepest needs of the human heart, make men new, and bring in a new and a better social order.

A Community-Transforming (Zenrin) Kindergarten

A T the time of the Chino-Japan War-1894-the eastern district of the city of Kobe, known as Fukiai, was occupied

by poor laboring men and their families. Their children-ragged, dirty and unkempt-roamed the streets in search of mischief, no­body caring what became of them except as they sometimes inter­fered with property or the peace of the neighborhood. These street arabs always cried for pennies to foreigners passing by. From begging to thieving is only a step. From this class are re­cruited common city vagrants and professional thieves, according to police records.

Mrs. Robert A. Thomson, the founder and devoted principal of the Zenrin Kindergarten, seeing the opportunity to transform these little Hves by love and Christian teaching, gathered a few waifs into a small room then used by the Baptist evangelist as preaching place. Here they were taught to read and write simple characters; eagerly did they strive to learn. fVhile bouncing babies on their backs, they would write sentences on the black­board or do sums. For the first time they heard the Old, Old Story of Jesus and His Love. As the number of pupils increased, the number of small charges also grew, ~he wee toddlers and babies becoming very troublesome. Here was a problem to be met. Would not a kindergarten for the little ones help solve the diffi­culty? The work began thus in a small way.

Mrs. Thomson, with the approval of the Board, rented a small house. In the midst of national excitement over the China War a very quiet opening was held for the Zenrin Kindergarten. This work 'With the children of the poor was met by suspicion and dislike, but gradually sentiment changed for the better- Before long, those who were a little more prosperous than their neigh­bors suggested that tuitions should be charged, and each began paying a small sum monthly. Well trained teachers were secured. By 1897 the first regular class was graduated. The follO'ltling year a new school building was made possible by the Woman's Board of the East. Soon after the first graduation, official recog­nition was granted by the Department of Education.

I t was not long before the environs of the kindergarten were so much improved that landlords raised house rents as the neigh­borhood had become a desirable section £11. which to live. But the debt of the community to the kindergarten was not yet full')' recognized. The number of those paying tuitions increased each year. H·owever, free classes for those unable to pa'}, were stUl maintained.

66 Oua BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

In 1909 the land lease for the lot on which the kindergarten stood expired. It was thought best to move across the Shin River, as the former community had improved to a marked extent and the need for the kindergarten had been largely met. The present building stands in this section where the poorer classes have been steadily pushed by the influx of small shops and business of all kinds. _

Here~ in adverse surroundings again, Zenrin has lived up to its name as a transformer of communities. Primary education, till noW neglected in this region, was given a boost by the erection by the g01Jernment of a large primary school 'Within a stone's throw of the new kindergarten site. Graduates of the morning kindergarten were admitted and proved to' be among the banner pupils. But more significant is the recent admission by this gov­ernment school of graduates of the afternoon free kindergarten made up of less desirable little tots on a lower social scale. These

. children are now as good as anyone else. Last December a· rep­resentati,ve of the local Educational Department informed the teachers at Zenrin that not only would admission be granted these unregistered children of the free kindergarten, but that steps would be taken to assist them in securing legal registration (which their parents had had to neglect because of the expense involved!) and textbooks would be furnished by the city authorities. This marked step in advance was unique in the records of Japanese city governments. It was'an attempt to tnake up in some measure for the sorry neglect of the city's poor. Two of the Zenrin prifJUlry classes have been promoted 2'nto the government evening schools, opened to atone for the lack of educational opportunities for children of the poor.

This year, Zenrin has twice received from the Department of Education a letter thanking the Principal and teachers for the service rendered for so many years in this needy district. A sub­stantial expression of this appreciation was a gift of a hundred dollars to the Kindergarten.

During nearly thirty years of Zenrin's existence there have been nearly one thousand graduates and the spiritual harvest among them gives cause of rejoicing. Zenrin graduates and former Sunday School pupils are enrolled in some of the leading universities. One of the present volunteer helpers is a student in Keio University~ where he is studying political economy in order that he may fit himself to improve conditions among the laboring class and carry the gospel of Christ into the political life of his nation. Another one.of the Zenrin boys who is back and lending his aid is Dr. Tadasu Orishima, carrying the gospel of Christ in loving service not only into his large and growing practice but into the needy homes of the entire district by means. of talks on health and hygiene. The number of Christian mothers and.

A COMMUNITy-TRANSFORMING (ZENRIN) KINDERGARTEN 67

fathers in the Zenrin constituency has increased largely and the work of the Kindergarten Sunday School is bearing fruit in young lives saved for His Kingdom.

Kobe Zenrin Kindergarten was the first Baptist inst-itution of its kind in this Empire and has the distinction of being the ver'y first kindergarten which sought" to work muong the very poor classes. It has been a pioneer. Its efforts have been so appreciated by the authorities that they, too, have been moved to open kinder­gartens for poor children. Other 1nissions have also taken the idea of kindergarten efforts for the children of lapan's needy areas. ZcnrinJs record is a just source of pride and thanksgiving.

Living Dolls for the Annual Doll Festival­Zenrin Kindergarten

BEFORE AND AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE

Tokyo Baptist Tabernacle

Sarah Curtis Home, Tokyo

After the Earthquake-Tokyo Tabernacle

Ruins of Sarah Curtis Home

Property Losses in the Great Earthquake and Fires, September 1, 1923

A T two minutes before noon on September first, the eastern coast section of J 3Jpan, comprising the great cities of

Tokyo, Yokohama, and Y okosuka, scores of towns, and hundreds of hamlets, was visited by one of the most violent earthquakes in history, followed by holocausts in each of the three cities. More than one half of Tokyo (over 400,000 houses) and nine-tenths of Yokohama were burned. The total loss of life in earthquake and fire will never be known, but is doubtless at least 100,000 liyes. In Tokyo most of the strong Japanese churches were de­stroyed, and in Yokohama only two small church buildings remain.

Of our Baptist institutions, six churches and chapels, the new Mabie School, and five mission residences were burned. The remaining mission buildings and reside"nces suffered damage amounting to more than $25,000 (conservatively estimated) and the total property losses amount to nearly $400,000. In the de­struction of the Mabie School, two teachers and a clerk were killed. N one of the members of the missionary staff were in­jured, but seven families and six ladies of the Woman's Society lost their homes and all their personal belongings excepting what little they had with them for the summer vacation.

In Tokyo, four churches are left homeless-Central, Shiba, Kyobashi and Fukagawa. The Central Church had its home in the Misaki Tabernacle, our Christian community center in Kanda, which was gutted by the fire. This reinforced- concrete building can probably be restored. as the earthquake damage is relatively slight. Already it is serving as a distribution center for the needy hundreds resettling in the vast burned district. The Shiba Church stood on rented 18:nd, and the Kyobashi Church was housed in a rented ,building. These two churches can probably unite if a suitable lot can be secured. The Fukagawa Church also occupied a rented house. If the Fukagawa section of Tokyo retains its great factories, land for a second Christian community center must be bought while it is procurable at prices within our reach.

The mission residences burned in Tokyo were the two large houses in Tsukiji valued at $12.500 apiece, and the three-storied residence-the home of six ladies of the \Yoman's Societv-on Suruga Dai Hill in the center of the capital. The loss he;e, in­cluding- that of the old school building adjoining the residence, is $25.000.

The damages due to the earthquake to our mission buildings are as follows:

Scott Hall-A portion of the tower fell through the roof and chapel floor down to the basement. Large cracks in the remaining

69

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

upper part of the tower will necessitate the rebuilding of at least the upper half of the tower.

Hovey DOf"mitOf"y-The ends of the gabl~s are cracked, to­gether with the chimneys in each end of the building.

Waseda Dortn"Of"Y (Benten Cho)-The damage here is rel­atively slight; only a part of the plaster has fallen.

Residence (Benten Cho )-One chimney is cracked and some plaster down.

The Seminary (Sanai Cho)-The roof-tiles are off and two chimneys down, one falling into the second-story recitation room. Part of the foundation has sunk, but not seriously. Much plaster has fallen, as has also the paper from the ceiling. The Dormitory is in danger of falling, and the east end will have to be taken down. The rest will need reroofing and repairs. The residence roof-tiles are off and the chimneys broken. The interior will have to be replastered and the ceilings repapered. Further damage from rains will continue until the roof is replaced.

Y otsuya Church-The front and rear walls are cracked, and some beams over the stairway loosened. The architect believes that repairs will cost less than $500. It is safe to use as it is.

Womenls DOf"mitory-Slightly damaged; repairs about $200. Kindergarten Teachers' Training School-The damage is

small but the briek wall around the compound lies in three differ­ent streets. A new fence and chimney repairs will cost about $800.

The Starlight Kinderga.rten~The two-storied part is leaning and the roof and plastering damaged. Repairs, about $350.

In Yokohama, where the quake was a great deal more severe, the beautiful concrete structure of the lttfabie School was shattered terribly; only a third of the walls was left standing, blackened by the fires that gutted the wrecked buildings. Flames swept up from the temple below-fanned by a swift gale that immediately followed the earthquake-to the dormitory, thence to the gym­nasium and then through the east and west sections, leaving only the detached lavatory unharmed. Two teachers were kiIled­one on duty in charge of the buildings for the day, and the other who came only half an hour before the quake to do some typing. The assistant clerk also was killed. The destruction of the re­inforced concrete building was due to· the uneven character of the soil, the proximity to the edge of the hill. and to the extreme violence of the shocks. The grounds show a few fissures, but the banks have for the most part held up well. (Remaining walls since dynamited.)

Y okohmna Memorial Church--The interior of this structure which was this summer nearing completion is gutted, but the con­crete shell remains, leaning somewhat; but the builder affirms

PROPERTY LoSSES IN THE GREAT EARTHQUAKE 7 I

that it can probably be righted and restored. The costs ~ay amount to $15,000, as wages and lumber have advanced 35%.

The 7S-B1uff Compound-The two residences with servants' houses and the Business Men's Hostel were wrecked and con­sumed. The Hostel fell with the first shock and the cook and his wife were killed. Twenty young men lost their possessions in the burning of this dormitory. On the lower part of this com­pound, the old Yokohama Church-the home of the Bluff English Night School-was burned. Many of the students of this school were employed in English and American firms which have for the present deserted Yokohama; thus our school is completely wiped out of existence.

Mary L. Colby School-This institution, situated on the hills in the western suburbs of Yokohama (Kanagawa), fared com­paratively well in the earthquake. The Chapel roof is minus its tiles, some plaster has fallen and the stone steps and gate are demolished. The recitation building is least injured, fallen plaster and some broken apparatus being the only damages. The Dor­mitory is partly wrecked but repairable; bracing of the higher two-storied section, replastering, and rebuilding of the kitchen and bathroom will cost $2,000. The Domestic &ience building is leaning slightly; it must ·be righted and replastered. The resi­dence must be replastered and the chimneys braced. The repairs will cost in all about $5,000. '

Ka!u.'asaki Church-The roof is badly damaged and a large hole opened in the rear wall; but the frame of the building is strong. Repairs will cost $500.

Atsttgi Chttrch-This Japanese-style house is wrecked, as were most of the houses in the town-sixteen miles west of Yokohama. The loss is about $600.

Beside these buildings owned by the Mission, two Baptist churches-The Immanuel in Tokyo and the Kanagawa Church in Yokohama-were seriously damaged, probably to the extent of $800 each. The members. all of whom have suffered in the earth­quake or the fire. will not be able to meet the costs of repairs which must be made immediately to prevent further deterioration.

In the case of the M:abie School, nearly $18J)OO of the $23,000 recently received from the' First Baptist Church of Detroit for the rear extension, is unexpended. This amount will probably be sufficient to erect a one-storied frame building which will ac­commodate the School for a time.

(The above article was compiled by Prof. J. F.. Gressitt, who was in Yokohama at the time of the earthquake and who, as a member 'Of the Property Committee of the Japan Mission, per­sonally inspected all the properties in Tokyo and Yokohama after the disaster.)

&2 2

CHURCH STATISTICS and NATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS:

~.j Church Members

Churches

]~ Station or Chapels

P-4~ Male li"emale Total ]-o~ ~~ ---------

Himeji ..... ·Himeji cho. ......... 3 31 158 189 Toyooka ch ......... 1 16 15 31 Sunday schools ...... • 1 ••• . " . . '" .

Inland Sea .. Fukuin Maru ch ..... 26 170 130 300

Kobe ....... Hyogo ch ........... 1 30 35 65 & Kobe ch... . ... 1 52 80 132

Fukiai ch ........... 1 11 10 21 Liu Chiu Is. Itoman cho. ........ 3 15 42 57

Nahach ............ 2 35 85 120 Shuri ch .... 1 25 20 45 Sunday schools .... .... . . .... I., ..

Kyoto ...... Kyoto ch ... • 1 II 10' 1 34 30 64

Mito ....... Mito ch ............. 8 95 50 145 Taira ch •... . . . . ~ . . 2 35 40 75

Morioka .... Hachinohe chp ...... 1 23 25 48 Hanamaki chp ....... 3 27 18 45

. I wayado chp ........ 1 8 10 18

dil1L

Morioka ..•• Kamaishi chp ....... 2 26 9 35 Kurosawajiri chp .... 1 7 3 10

tMorioka ch .......... 2 36 23 59 Nemuro ch .......... 1 21 23 44 Sannohechp.. . 2 12 9 21 .

tTono chp ............ 1 35 21 56

Osaka ...... Chikko chp .... ... 1 3 5 8 *tEast ch ....... · . 1 32 38 70

Ikeda chp ........ · . 1 13 10 23 Kidzu chp .... 1 4 1 5 Naniwa ch ....... 1 52 37 89 Nara ch .......... · . 1 8 7 15 Sakai ch .... ... 1 19 14 33 Sunday schools ....

" . . •• to.

Sendai. ..... Kisennuma ch ..... 3 82 21 103 Kiuchi ch ...... 31 21 52 Sendai chp ........ 4 5 6 11 Sendai ch ....... 1 90 142 232

* tShiogama ch ......... 2 97 61 158 Shokei Jogakko chp .. 1 .. . ·54 54 Tome ch ........ ... 1 57 ·45 102 Usuginu chp .... .. . .. . 11 3 14

Tokyo ...... *tCentral ch ...... '" 1 185 155 340 tFukagawa chp ....... 1 17 7 24 tImmanuel ch ........ 1 75 94 169 Kyobashi cho. ....... 1 49 29 78 Shiba cho. ...... .. . 1 83 54 137

, * See educ. stabstlcs-:-Enghsh schools, Evenmg schools, Hostels. t See educ. statistics-Kindergartens.

~Btl S ~ .~ In ~~~ Q. ] 1S~ C'4 1oo ~'O~ =.8 ~~

~ e s At: s>- d 4) ~ 8. ~ 1S.~ ~ ~:::J A Q.'fl

]. u::sO ~::s § oen ~~~ ~A en ~cJ5 ~l3§

------------30 2 54 1,427 12 1 80 283

. .. 22 1,000 . .. 3 34 2,500 811

7 1 68 1,434 12 1 74 2,585 3 1 76 520 3 1 51 115

27 1 150 683 7 1 35 30

..... 3 400 '"

3 1 100 903

47 5 244 976 17 2 244 890

'" 1 67 154 3 2 6'3 348

.. . 1 43 80

.

8 2 250 310 2 1 30 115 6' 1 61 848

..... 1 100 250 2 1 70 68

... 2 167 1,096

.. . 1 35 201 6 1 130 783

. . 1 55 275 1 1 60 48 7 1 45 1,838 3 1 75 405 1 2 90 464

.. . 14 650 160

.. , 1 69 1,096

.... . .. . .. . . .. 10 3 126 318 4 1 204 1,191

35 4 414 1,108 12 7 500 218

. . 1 69 152 . .. 1 '12 50

62 1 215 4,073 11 1 38 229 10 4 260 556 20 1 58 698 52 3 155 1,550

(II

j rJ ~5 ~-d ~ ~ ~§ .~~

C'4 ~ 04) '~'D

u ..... 'm 5 zoE -6 -~ .I:Q ~:-;::: ~~ ]'5-.... p.. Ioo'fl og~ ~5. ~O ~u,-,

--- ---..... 13 1,440 • II.t 59 342 ..... 364 364

• 1_ •• 31 842

5 •• _ .0 1.439 167 292 3,044 .... 14 534

1 3 119 .... . .. 683 ... . .... 30 .. . .... .....

. .... 82 985

26 158 1,160 ...... 15 905

7 •• II 161 ..... 30 378 ..... II •• 80

5 120 435 25 6 146 12 29 889

. .... . ..... 250 8 47 123

•• I •• 24 1,120

. .... . .... 201 30 70 883

•• 0 •• 15 290 ..... · . . . 48 ..... '. · . 1,838

. . 5 410 II II 6 470 •• I • .. - .. 160

.. -, ..... 1,096 " " ..... . .... to' • · .... 318 .... 58 1,249 .... 13 1,121 .... 57 275 •• ,0 6 158 . . . . ..... 50

11 1 0. 391 4,464 6 67 302

., .. 53 609 27 86 811

... . . 1,550

CHURCH STATISTICS AND NATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS-(ContirlUed)

III Church Members ... bO .g·B

Churches ~~ Station or ~~ Chapels 7l::; ;\lale Female Total '31c OQ.l E-;~ ._----_. ._-

Tokyo. *Waseda Broth. ch .... 1 60 3 63 *Yotsuya ch .......... 1 35 45 80 Sunday schools ...... . . . . . . ..

Yokohama .. Atsugi ch ...... 1 13i 17 32 Haramachida chp .... 1 2S 14 39 Kamimizo chp. . . .. . 1 6 6 12 Kanagawa ch ... 1 29 127 156 Kawasaki chp ....... 1 2S 10 35 Mabie Mem. ch ...... 1 1-1- 4 18 Yokohama ch ...... 1 11-1- 141 255 Sunday schools .... . . . . . . ..

---------TOTALS ... .. 97 1,980 2,007 3,987

• See educ. statistics-English schools, Evening schools, Hostels. t See educ. statistics-Kindergartens. tlncludes Yen 33 from Yotsuya Women's Dormitory.

8 .~

~ ~~ >,~

.0 bIl

1l.~ =g::s ~o

---10 18

..

2 6

. , .. 15 8 :;

10 . . ---

500

J,~1!l III ::s

0- s::: ~ Q) ! "t:I:.E Q)('j~

..!!l 13.'P.. '"" ] ~ I!l ~ __ .o

s::: ::=Q) .c~::: .Sl-

~ ~'S u .... '"" -a] s:::~ '""O~ ::I o...c ~ ::~ .c 0.. .... .g ~1Il

"0 ~v5 U::IO ~:::I s::: ~~"O .... 0..

::I 0 o ::s en E-;CJ5 ~~~ ~o-

--- ---------1 120 112 ...... 2 170 1,200 .... 0 ..

2 205 . .... . .. 2 93 411 4 1 70 393 · .. 1 10 210 . . . . 1 65 800 60 1 36 434 .. 1 40 221 1 63 1,572 · .

10 612 . .. · . ------------161 10,676 34,692 383

~ "t:I U

~..@ III 0 at

'm 5 .-~ ~~ "".s ~O

---

1,033t 310

23 4

...... 65 12

273 452

•• ·0 •

---4,286

~~ '.e.g ~.E 3.5,-.

s::: ~ 00:,... E-;U----

112 2,233t

310

438 397 210 925 446 494

2,024 .....

---39,361

H

Z ~

> ~ > Z

Station Men Or-

dained

Himeji. ....... 1

Inland Sea ... .. . 1

Kobe ..... . . .. . 1

Kyoto ..... 1

Mito ........ .. . ..

Morioka ... ..... 1

Osaka ............ 2

Sendai. .... 1

Tokyo ..... . . 5

Yokohama. 1

On furlough .. 3

Lang. Sch. studies. 1

TOTAL .... 18

JAPAN MISSION STATISTICS FOR 1922

PERSONNEL

Missionaries

1\1 en Total Prcachers

Unor- Win's Single Mission-dained Women arics I Unor-Or-

dained dained ------------ ------

1 3 5 2 1

1 2 1 2

.. 1 1 3 3 3 ,

. . 1 2 1

" . . 0 2 3

" 1 2 4 2 4

. . 2 2 6 3 2

1 5 7 2 3

4 5 14 5 1

2 3 3 9 3 2

3 4 6 16 . . 1 2 4 8

--------- ------6 21 31 76 24 21

Japanese \Vorkers

Teachers --- Bible

]\·Ien Women Women

---------5 6 3

4

10

1

" 6 1

9 9 4

6 15 3

17 21 3

39 11 4

. . ---------

76 79 22

Other Native I Nativ

Workers I Total

Men Women Worker e s

------· . 17

· . 7

1 6 23

· . 1 I

. . · . 6

1 1 15

.. 27

29

47

1 3 63

.. . .

.. ------

3 10 235

A

B

C

EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS

Institution

Theological Seminary, Training Schools, and Colleges: Osaka ....••. ·Bible Tra~ School. . . . . . .. ..... . .... . Sendai ...•.. Shokei Jogakko, College Dept..... .. . .... . Tokyo ...... ·Japan 'theological Seminary ............... .

·Kindergarten Training School. ............ .

Woman's Christian College ................ .

Yokohama. Soshin Jogakko, College Dept. ........... .

TOTAL ...•..•....................

Middle School and Girls' High Schools: Himeji.. .... *Hinomoto Jogakko .'. .. . . .. .. . .......... . Sendai ...... Shokei Jogakko ......................... . Yokohama.. K wanto Gakuin. . . . . .. . ................ .

*Soshin Jogakko .... " ... ,.... ..... . ... .

TOTAL ..................................... .

No. Schools

1 (1) 1 1

(1)

(1)

3

4

Boys

20

20

429

429

Girls

17 54

24 (195)

9 16

120

161 169

289

619

United with

Church in 1922

2

2

27 12 5 2

46

Dormi­tory Resi­dents

25

13 20

(102) 7

65

68 90 18 87

263

Fees Paid by Pupils

(Yen)

400a b

950c

d

1,350

4,738e 6,436b

19,715 11,354d

42,243

Engli~ ~ools and ~v,:~ing Schools: Hime)l. . . . .. Hlmell Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. 1 180

40 Osaka.. . • • .. East Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . f Sendai..... Shiogama Church....... ........... .... 1 32 ... 5 ... h Tokyo ...... Central Tabernacle.......... ............. 4 498 381 40 ... 5,688g

Waseda Hostel. . . . . ... . . .. ......... 1 67 . . . . . . . . . 1,800 Y otsuya Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 87 48 . . . 55

Yokohama .. Bluff Evening SchooL..... ............... 1 100 . .. 7 ... 2,000 1-------1--------1------1·-------1-------1--------

TOTAL...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 964 469 52 ... 9,543

"illl.lLJ,

D Kin~erg~rtens: •

Himell. . . . .. Hmomoto........... .. .. .. .. .. ..... 1 Kobe. .. .. *Naha (1) j Zenrin (2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ..... 3 Morioka. . .. Morioka Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Tono................................ ... 1 Osaka .. , . . .. East Church. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .............. 1

Bible Training School. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ..... 1 Sendai. . . . .. Shiogama Church. . . . . . .. ........ ...... 1 Tokyo. . . . .. Central Tabernacle. . . . . . . . .. ..... .. ... 1

Fukagawa Chapel. . . . . . . . . . .. ..... ...... 1 Immanuel Church ........ , " ..... ..... 2 Kindergarten Training School. . . . . . .. ..... 1

Yokohama. Soshin. . . . . .. ..... .... ..... .. 1

e 1,850

900 451

l,113f a

720h g

322 1,552

c d

22 38 100 120 36 23 20 20 28 27 25 25 30 30 55 60 21 19 85 67 27 29 34 36

TOTAL. 15 483 494 6,908

E Hostels:

Tokyo ...... Waseda................. .. .. ..... .. (2) Yotsuya... . . . . . . . . . .. ..... .......... (1)

Yokohama .. Bluff Business Men's.... . . . .. .... ..... (1)

38 5 26

35

TOTAL ............... . (4) 5 99

GRAND TOTAL. ........................... . 32 1.896 1.702 105 '427 60,044

* See church statistics-Sunday school conducted by these schools.

NOTE: Corresponding letter in last column indicate fees have been combined.

0 c:: !;d

td >-~ ....:J 1-4 r.n ....:J

Z tzj 1-4 C'l III = 0 !;d r.n 1-4

Z ~

>-~ >-Z

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

OFFICERS OF CONFERENCE President ............... . .Mr. Wilson Vice-P-resident .............................•........•. Secretary ..... . . . . . . .. . ................ Mr. Tenny Recording Secretary .................... Mr. Derwacter Statistician ..... ........ ., ...... ~. .. .... ,1Miss Jenkins Preacher - . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Mr. Kednard Alternate Preacher.. .......... . Mr. Fisher Docket Committee,

Mr. Fisher, Miss. Meline, the Mission Secretary

STANDIN-G COMMITTEES American School in Japan-Mr. Holtom. Baptist and Union Hymnal-Mr. Gressitt, Miss Ward. Correspondence with Mission Children-Mrs. Gressitt, Mrs. R. H.

Fisher. Federated Missions-Mr Holtom, 1924; Miss Ryder, 1925; Mr. Stead-

man, 1925; Miss Pawley, 1926; Mr. Tenny, 1926. Kirisuto Kyaho (Japan B34>tist Recorder)-Mr. Axling. Language Study-Mr. Axlin.g, Miss Wilcox, Miss Kludt. Medical Committee-Miss Carpenter, Mr. Tenny. Mission -Church-Mr. Scott, Pastor; Mr. 'Steadman and Mr. Tenny,

Deacons; Mr. Covell, Clerk and Treasurer. Property-Mr. Gressitt, 1924; Miss Carpenter, 1925; Mr. Foote, 1925;

. ~Mr. Fisher, 1926; Mr. Holtom, 1926. Publicity-Mrs. Gressitt, Mr. Fisher, Mr. Wilson. Shadan Trustees (Juridical Person under Japanese Larw)-Mr. Foote,

Mr. Gressitt, Mr. Steadman, Mr. Thomson (Secretary), Mr. \Vilson. (Mr. Derwacter acting for Mr. Thomson on furlough.)

REFERENCE COM~iITTEE AND SUB-CO~IMITTEES

REFERENCE COMMITTEE :-

Term Expiring 1924--Miss Carpenter, Mr. Gressitt, Mr. Wynd. ~, u 1925-Mr. Axling, Miss Ryder. Mr. Steadman. " " 1926-Mr. Benninghoff, Miss Camp, Mr. Fisher.

EXECUTIVE COM~nTTEE:-

Mr.~ Axling, Mr. Gressitt (Chairman), Miss Ryder. (The Mission Secretary is (JfIJ-QffiiM Secretary of Reference

Committee and of its Executive Committee.)

Fukuin Maru CoMMITTEE:-

Mr. Wynd, 1924; Mr. Steadman, 1925; Mr. Axling, .1926.

WOMAN'S CoMMITTEE:-

Miss Carpenter (Chairman), 1924; Mrs. Wynd, 1924; Miss Ryder (Secretary), -1925; Miss Camp, 1926; Mrs. Steadman, 1926.

OUR BAPTIST N EIG HBORS IN J AP AN 79

JOINT COMMITTEE

The following six Japanese, together with the six men of Re'ference Committee, constitute the Joint Committee:-

Term Expiring 1924-Mr. Masamichi Suminokura, Rev. Teruaki Takahashi.

1925-Mr. Harukichi Tomoi; Rev. Kumajiro Yamamoto.

1926-Rev. Tatsu Ogawa, Mr. Koichi Takahashi.

BOARDS OF TRUSTEES

HIME]I GIRLS' SCHOOL:-

Term Expj.ring 1924-Mr. Thotn:Pson, Miss C. Nakaji. " 1925-Miss Wilkinson, Mr. Kodama.

1926-Mrs. Derwacter, Mr. H. Tomoi.

KAN AGA W A GIRLS' SCHOOL:-

Term ExpIring 1924-Miss ?\feline, ::VIrs. \Vatanahe. " 1925-Mr. Gressitt. Mr. Nakai.

1926-~I r. Fisher, Mr. Sakata

OSAKA BIBLE SCHOOL:-

Term EXP.i,ring I924---Miss \Vilkinson. )'Jr. N. Yamamasu. " I925-Mr. Foote, Mrs. Wada.

I926-Mrs. Scott. Judge Takeno.

SEKDAI GIRLS' SCHOOL:-

Term Expiring 1924-),fiss Croshy. Mrs. 0:akajima. 1925-Mrs. Ross. )'Ir. Teruaki Takahashi. 1926-Mr. Holtom, ~Ir. Chiba.

TOKYO KIKDERGARTEN TRAIKIKG SCHOOL:­

Term Exp~,ring 1924-Miss Crosby. ).frs. Tomare. " 1925-11 rs. Tenny, Mrs. Miyamori.

1926-~frs. Top-ping. Mrs. S. Yamada.

JAPAN BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMIKARY:-

1924-K. Shioi I ' 1925-S. )'~i~'al:nori \ Japanese Baptist Convention. 1926-T. ~akal .

1924-C. H. Ros<; ~ 1925-\Vm. Axling A. B. F. ),1. S. 1926-J. F. Gressitt

::\[ABIE :MEMORIAL Boys' SCHOOL:-

" ' " 1925 H" . ,iT t b' apanese apttst Term Expiring lQ24-Naoki Ueyama ! J B'

- ajl,me '\ a ana' e' C . 1926-Tateo Takahashi onvenhon

80 OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

Term Expiring 1924-J. F. Gressitt .. .. I92S-C. B. Tenny

1 926-D. C. Holtom !A. B. F. M. S.

JAPAN \VOMAN'S CHRISTIAN COLLEGE:­

Term Expiring I924-Miss Jesse. .. .. 1925-Miss \Vilcox.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF Hoslzicn (\Vork at \Vaseda University):-

Prof. Iso Abe } W d U' . Prof. T oshio Kakizaki t ase a mverslty D. C. Holtom (A. B. F- M. S. C. B. Tenny ~ e Kawaguchi-Chosen by the above members.

~IISSION SECRETARY

Charles B. Tenny. Assistant, Miss Elma R. Tharp (absent).

~IISSIOX TRE:\SL"RER

Robert A. Thomson.

Drying Sails on the Gospel Ship

DIRECTORY OF JAPAN MISSIONARIES of the

AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY

anti. of the WOMAN;S AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY

with date of joining the Japan Mission

Acock, Miss Amy A., 1905-50 Shimotera Machi, Himeji. Aoock, Miss Winifred M., 1922-2 NakajimaCho, Sendai. Allen, Miss Thomasine, 1915-2 Nakajima Cho, Sendai. Anderson, Miss Ruby L., 1917-(a:bsent)-Gothenburg, Nebraska. Axling, Rev. William, D.D., and Wife, 1901-10 Rokuchome, Fujimi

Cho, Kojimachi, Tokyo.

Benninghoff, Rev. H. B., D.D., and Wife, 1907-91 Benten Cho, Ushi­gome, Tokyo. Phone Ushig~ 3687.

Bickel, MiS'S Evedyn B., 1921-3131 Kanagawa Machi, Yokohama. Bickel, Mrs. L. W., 1898-(retired)-3131 Kanagawa Machi, Yoko­

hama. Bixby, Miss Alice c., 1914-50 Shimotera Machi, Himeji. Buzzell, Miss Annie S., 1892-Tono, I wate Ken. (Furikae Chokin,

Sendai 3292).

Camp, Miss Evalyn A., 1916-Imasato, Kamitsu Mura, Nishinari Gun, Osa·ka Fu.

Carpenter, Miss M. M., 1895-(absent)-276 5th Ave., ·New York City, c/o W .. A. B. F M. S.

Claget.t, Miss M. A., 1888-(absent)-Leitc·hfield, Grayson Co., Ken­tucky.

Converse, Miss Qara A., 1890-3131 Kanagawa Machi, Yokohama. Covell, Mr. J. Howard, and Wife, 192O-c/o Rev. C. B. Tenny, D.D.

29' Sanai ,Cho, Ushigome, Tokyo. Crosby, Miss Amy R., 1913-10 Rokuchome, Fujimi Cho, Kojimachi,

Tokyo.

Derwacte.r, Rev. Frederick M. and Wife, 1920-48 Bozu Machi, Himeji.

Fisher, Mrs. ·C.H.D., 1883-(retired)-28 Uiwa Cho, Komega Fukuro, Sendai.

Fisher, Mr. Royal H. and Wife, 1914-28 Uwa Cho, Komega Fukuro, Sendai. (Furikae Chokin, Tokyo 32699).

Foote, Rev. Jo'hn A., 1912, and Wife. 1911-Osaka Baptist Church. Tanimachi 9 Chome, Higashi Ku, Osaka.

Gifford, Miss Ella May, 1920-18 Shinkoji, Kagano, Morioka. Gressitt, Mr. J. F., and Wife. 1907-3131 Kanaga.wa Machi, Yoko­

hama. (Furi'kae Chokin, Tokyo 40944).

81

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

Haring, Rev. D. G., 1917, and Wife, 191B-(absent)--609 Kappock Street, New York, N. Y

Haven, Miss Marguerite, 1916-(absent)-540 Man1halttan Avenue, New York, N. Y

Haynes,Rev. Geor,ge E., and Wife, 1919-(a·bsent)-Lincoln, New York.

Holtom, Rev. D. c., Ph. D., and Wife, 1910--65 Miyashita Cho, KoishikalWa, Tokyo. .

Jenkins, Miss Louise F., 1920-100 Tsunohazu, Tokyo Fu. Jesse, Miss Mary D., 1911-2 Nakajima Gho, Sendai.

Kennard, Rev. J. Spencer, Jr., 1920, and Wife, 1923-40 Kami Niban­cho, Kojimac'hi, Tokyo.

Kandt, Miss Anna Marie, 1922-Imasato, Kamitsu Mura, Nishinari Gun, Osaka Fu.

Laughton. Capt. James F., and Wife, 1921-Mikage Cho, Gunge, Miyanishi, Mikage, Ko-be.

Mead, Miss Lavinia, 1890-Imasato, Kamitsu Mura" Nishinari Gun, Osaka Fu. .

Meline, Miss Agnes S., 1919-3131 KlClnagawa Machi, Yokohama.

Newhury, Miss Georgia M., 1921-2 Nakajima Cho, Sendai.

Pawley, Miss Anna'belle, 1915-3131 Kanagawa Machi, Yokohama. Post, Miss Vida, 1920-50 Shimotera Machi, Himeji.

Ross, Rev. C. H., and Wife, 1910-(absent)-95 Columbia Street, Pasadena, California.

Russell, Miss Lucy K., 1921-Imasato, Kamitsu Mura, Nishinari Gun, Osaka Fu.

Ryder, Miss Gertrude E., 1908-51 Itchome, Tenma Cho, Yotsuya, Tokyo.

Sandberg, Miss Minnie V., 1918-(absen.t)-3415 Bellefontaine Avenue, Kansas City. Missouri.

Scott, Rev. J. H., 1892, and Wife, 1915-Ashiya, Hyogo Ken. (Furikae Chokin, Osaka 54743).

Smith, Miss Ruth E., 1918-(absent)-95 Wilson Ave., Columbus, Ohio. Steadman, Rev. F- W., and Wife. 1902-38 Uchimaru, Morioka.

Tenny, Rev. Charles B., D.D.. 1900. and Wife, 1913-29 Sanai Cho, Ushigome. Tokyo. Phone Ushigome 1134. (Furikae Chokin, Tokyo 34114).

Tharp, Miss Elma R.,1918-c/o Rev. C. B. Tenny, D.D., 29 Sanai Cho, Ushigome, Tokyo.

Tho.~son •. Rev. ElmerT., and Wife, 1918-(absent)-609 Ka,p.pock Stree~ New York. .

Tbomsou. Rev. Robert A., D.D.. F. R. G. S., 1884, and Vvife, 1886-39 Nichome. Kitano Cho. Kobe.

Topping, Rev. Henry and Wife. 1895-462 Minami Machi, Mito.

Ward, Miss Ruth C., 1919-2 NClIkajimi Cho, Sendai.

OUR BAPTIST NEIGHBORS IN JAPAN

Willcox, Miss Edith F., 1904-50 Shimotera Machi, Hi.meji. (Furikae Chokin, Osaka 63160).

Witkinson, Miss Jessie M. G., 1919-39 Nichome, Kitano Cho, Kobe. Wilson, Rev. Jesse R., and Wife, 1921-5 Nakajima Cho, Sendai. Wynd, Rev. William, 1891, and Wife, 1894-(absent)-c/o A.B.F.M.S.,

276 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y

Ziemann, Mr. P P. W., 1920, and Wife, 1921-(absent)-Preston, Ontario, Canada.

NOTE-Furikae Chokin numbers are for convenience of people in Japan. Do not llse in addressing mail.

:\0. 178-M.E.·I-3M-February, 1924 PRICE-FIFTY CENTS