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Sustainable Intensification of Maize-Legumes-Livestock Farming Systems in Eastern and Southern

Africa

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Outline

• Process

• Context

• CN: goals, objectives, outputs • Geographic focus: constraints

• Research

• Impact pathway: hypotheses

• Operationalization

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• USAID planning meeting for ESA, Addis Ababa, 17-18 October 2011: research agenda

• Input from researchers: Hombolo Agriculture Research Institute: mid Nov 2011

• Writing team e-mail exchange: end Nov 2011

Process

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Context

• FtF Tz reducing poverty & improving nutrition key investments: Morogoro (rice); Manyara and Dodoma (maize); Arusha, Kilima, Tanga, Zan, Dar, Morogoro, Iringa, Mbeya (hort)

• FtF Global transformation of agricultural systems through SI

• Proposed research links to CGIARs international research: CRP 1.1 and 1.2 integration of components for SI

• Research builds on SIMLESA

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Goal, purpose

• Increase agric. productivity growth, economic growth, food production, food and nutrition security, NRM and reduce poverty: in FtF areas (Gvt/CAADP)

• Increase productivity of maize-legume-livestock production systems, resilience and agro-ecosystems services

• Services: provisioning food/non-food; water; soil conservation, soil nutrient supply and cycling; soil health and structure; carbon sequestration; biodiversity; climate change

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• Participatory diagnosis, characterization of agro-ecologies, farming systems, land use, gender, market; research priorities (O1)

• Integrated options for assembling crop, agro-forestry, livestock technologies for SI (O2)

• Integrated options for value chains, institutional, policy innovations for SI (farm-market) (O3)

• Marketing and institutional/policy options for scaling up and out SI (village-district-region-national-neighbouring countries) (O4)

• Capacity built (O5)

Objectives, Outputs

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Geographic focus

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FTF Target Areas: Chronic Food Insecurity and Poverty with High-Growth Potential

8

Tanga

Morogoro

Pwani

Dodoma

Manyara

Zanzibar

Dar Es Salaam

Kilimanjaro

Arusha

Maize

Rice

Horticulture

Mbeya Iringa

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Crops and livestock

• Maize in 3 zones (sorghum, millets, cassava, sweet potatoes, potatoes, rice); sunflower, simsim (cash crops)

• Legumes: pigeon pea, groundnuts, cowpeas, beans, soybeans; (lablab)

• Vegetables: tomatoes, onions, indigenous veg., garlic

• Livestock: cattle (dairy); goats (dairy); poultry; (sheep, pig)

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Constraints: Crops: Gender

• Information constraints: farmers, extension, seed companies, agro-dealers, social planners

• Certified seed of improved varieties: availability, access and affordability/profitability, quality

• Natural factors: infertile soils, erratic rainfall, pests and diseases, weeds (striga); inorganic fertilizers; irrigation

• Extension personnel, methods (messages/media)

• Mechanization: hand-hoe, ox plough, power tillers

• Marketing: efficiency, bargaining power

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Constraints: Crops: Gender

• Post-harvest management, value addition (storage, processing)

• Credit: collateral

• Transportation/access roads

• Policies (marketing grades and standards, variety registration, foundation seed, input quality control, subsidies)

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Constraints: Livestock: Gender

• Information constraints: farmers, extension, NGOs

• Breeds: Access and affordability/profitability

• Diseases (e.g. East Coast fever; tick-borne (cattle); worms, foot rot, mange (goats): Lack of dips, clinics

• Lack of pasture/feed (drought season)

• Marketing

• Veterinary extension

• Government policies (marketing, land use, land tenure)

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Research Framework: Build on-going: Many ..e.g. AEI

Genotype X Environment X Management

Farm

Landscape

Market

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Research: Build on-going• GIS mapping, baselines

• Participatory evaluation of integrated best bets (RCT)

• Evaluate VC innovations to support SI

• Assess scalability

• Capacity building: Farmers, extension, traders, government decision makers

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Inputs

Outcomes: Change agents(researchers, extension, NGOs, farmers' groups,

agribusiness firms, traders, government)

Outcomes: FarmersAwareness, adoption, efficiency,

productivity, profitability

Impact: food security, incomes, nutrition, poverty, NRM

Impact: aggregate area, yield, production, productivity, incomes, poverty

OutputsCharacterization

Production systems

Value chains Up-scaling

Capacity built

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Hypotheses

• Integrating research products and development interventions generates synergies among market access, on-farm productivity and NRM

• Improves delivery of services to farmers

• Increases adoption by farmers

• Generates impact on outcomes of interest farm level (efficiency, yields, profits, NRM)

• Generates impact on welfare (incomes, consumption, nutrition, health, gender, NRM)

• Generates impact at aggregate level : spillovers

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Operationalization

Task forces

• Research area: Diagnostics & characterization & gender; integration of components& gender; value chains & gender; scaling out & gender

• Research issues: Maize-legumes-vegetables; +livestock-tree-fodder; NRM-plant health; Scaling out (Gender cross cutting)

Design in continental context

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Conclusions

• Systems-based, multidisciplinary, multicentre, multi-stakeholder approach focusing on maize-legumes-livestock to improving livelihoods in FTF area

• Research to test, address multiple, interacting, multilevel constraints building on-going activities

• Innovative research methods (RCT)

• Expected impacts at large scale through partnerships

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THANK YOU