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Oversize/Overweight Vehicles and Safety Considerations
Mike Murphy, Ph.D., P.E.
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Oversize/Overweight Vehicles and Safety Considerations
• Introduction – Over height load safety
• Truckers – measuring over height loads
• Over height vehicle detection systems
• Autonomous Vehicles and Augmented Reality
• Conclusions
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Oversize/Overweight Vehicles and Safety Considerations
• Introduction – Over height load safety
• Truckers – measuring over height loads
• Over height vehicle detection systems
• Autonomous Vehicles and Augmented Reality
• Conclusions
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IH‐5 Skagit River Bridge Washington State
No Fatalities
$17 million law suit underway
Canadian oil field equipment hauler2” over permit height limit
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Wallace River Bridge – Washington State
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Washington State Route Bridge Vertical Clearance Trip Planner
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http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2014/07/31/where‐trucks‐crash‐storrow‐and‐memorial‐drives/A1rQpXZtcV4PIPPmSDNxKI/story.htm
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Map showing truck bridge collision locations and treatments – Boston, MA
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Oversize/Overweight Vehicles and Safety Considerations
• Introduction – Over height load safety
• Truckers – measuring over height loads
• Over height vehicle detection systems
• Autonomous Vehicles and Augmented Reality
• Conclusions
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COLLABORATE. INNOVATE. EDUCATE.Vehicle Mounted Height Rod – Super load move – Hamilton, Texas
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Low wires – often requires coordination with each town – they want to raise their own signals
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Railroad Crossing – lateral and vertical clearance
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Some truckers believe DOTs include a ‘safety factor’ in bridge height clearances……
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OS/OW driver’s experience varies – every driver has a ‘first trip’………….and someInexperienced drivers will take on OS/OW load hauls…….
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• Static load height measurements might not take into accountload rebound due to road dynamics
• How should road dynamics be taken into considerationregarding truck / load height variations when in motion?
• How do we help educate OS/OW haulers about load height measurement and permitting requirements?
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Oversize/Overweight Vehicles and Safety Considerations
• Introduction – Over height load safety
• Truckers – measuring over height loads
• Over height vehicle detection systems
• Autonomous Vehicles and Augmented Reality
• Conclusions
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Trucker may question – ‘Is this sign meant for me???
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I am a truck driver with an over height load….I’ve seen the signs and have finally stopped….now what do I do?
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The sign is the over height detection system
• High day time visibility
• Night time visibility?
• Top of truck may hit the signwell past the cab and past thepoint where the driver can hear it…..
• Effectiveness?
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Chains hanging from a signal cross arm alert oversize vehicles of low clearance rail bridge
COLLABORATE. INNOVATE. EDUCATE.Drop Tube System
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Both flashing sign and ringing bell alert over size vehicle
COLLABORATE. INNOVATE. EDUCATE.Oklahoma – Turner Turnpike Over height Vehicle Warning system
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ELTEC Over Height Load Sensor (Yoakum)
COLLABORATE. INNOVATE. EDUCATE.Protective Beam stops over height trucks from hitting railway bridge Village in NY State
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The Guillotine Bridge – North Carolina
http://11foot8.com/
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Over height vehicle detection system and signs ‐ $1,000,000 AustralianAnnual cost due to 11 overheight truck hits $4,000,000, 16 hours of delay
Railway Boom gates and signals now addedTraffic is delayed but OS truck
is safely rerouted
East Link – Melbourne Tunnel Entrance – Australia Boom Gates
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Sydney Harbor Tunnel Sydney, Australia30 million vehicles per year
10,500 tunnel hits by oversize vehicles since opening in 1992
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Oversize/Overweight Vehicles and Safety Considerations
• Introduction – Over height load safety
• Truckers – measuring over height loads
• Over height vehicle detection systems
• Autonomous Vehicles and Augmented Reality
• Conclusions
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GiraffeG4 overhead collision avoidance system – available now….but truck must be stopped under object. Used to test suspected low clearance structures,
cannot be used at highway speeds.
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• Sensor mounted on outside mirror…• Read out in cab – driver sets truck height and sensor height. • Sensor sounds alarm at low clearance objects
At the present time, GiraffeG4 cannot dotriangulation and measure from a distanceat highway speeds: considered too expensive.
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System sends voice message warning to driver‘Over height, please pull over’
Truck On – sensors mounted along highwayMessage receiver in truck cab
Truck On – sensors mounted along highway
Sensors detects over height load
‘Truck‐On System’ ‐ New South Wales – Australia (under development)
https://www.nicta.com.au/category/industry‐engagement/infrastructure‐transport‐and‐logistics/projects/truckon‐overhead‐collision‐prevention/
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Volvo Trucks ‐ 360° situation awareness
Volvo’s current estimate of market availability 5 – 10 years
Forward Radar
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The system warns the driver….
…but if the driverdoesn’t respond, thetruck will brake on itsown to avoid collisions
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F‐18 Fighter pilot view – Heads Up Display (HUD)
• Pilot doesn’t need to take eyes off the target to access information
• Augmented Reality – Head Mounted Display (HMD) for future vehicles
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Jaguar – Augmented Reality – Windshield Display
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See‐through car technology Japan
See‐Through‐System (STS) technologyUniversity of Portugal
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Oversize/Overweight Vehicles and Safety Considerations
• Introduction – Over height load safety
• Truckers – measuring over height loads
• Over height vehicle detection systems
• Autonomous Vehicles and Augmented Reality
• Conclusions
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• 20% of the over 800,000 TxDMV MCD permits are Oversize loads that are not overweight. Many overweight loads are also oversize…
• Methods for measuring static vehicle ‐ load heights vary depending on trucker experience and preferences.
• Load height measurements may not consider potential variationsdue to road dynamics and vehicle suspension rebound
• Nationally, drivers are guided by a wide variety of signs, bridge height warning signs and over height warning systems
• Future technologies primarily vehicle – vehicle collision avoidance
• Little information is currently available on the future of low clearance bridge or obstacle clearance detection at highway speeds