Overview – Overview – ICT4SEDICT4SED
U. B. DesaiU. B. DesaiDepartment of Electrical Department of Electrical
[email protected]@ee.iitb.ac.in
EPBAX: 7414EPBAX: 7414
ICT as a Socio-Political-Techno System
ICT for
Development
Technology
Industry /Local Entrep.
Govt. / Policy
CommunityOrganization
Financial Institutions
Use of ICT for Bridging Digital-Use of ICT for Bridging Digital-XX
Education DivideEducation Divide Health DivideHealth Divide Income DivideIncome Divide Opportunity DivideOpportunity Divide Improve quality of lifeImprove quality of life
Many in the upper strata of the society have Many in the upper strata of the society have benefited from ICTbenefited from ICT
The question today is: How can we take this The question today is: How can we take this benefit to a much larger section of the society; benefit to a much larger section of the society; rural areas and small townsrural areas and small towns
Some Illustrative ExamplesSome Illustrative Examples
• Village in Madurai• Lady’s finger was turning yellow
• Web-cam image was sent to Madurai Agriculture college• They diagnosed it as “yellow mosaic disease” and suggested a remedy• The farmer was able to save nearly one lakkh
Before
After
ICT support for Agriculture (TeNeT -IITM)
• Goat had a wound near its mouth • Could not eat• A web-cam picture sent to the vet college in Madurai• The suggestions from the vet cured the goat in two days
ICT for Veterinary Support (TeNeT-IITM)
Rural ATMRural ATM
• Urban ATMs cost Rs.8 lakhs
• Develop a rural AT for Rs. 40k
• Will generate cash flow in rural areas at market defined interest rates
aAQUA Q&A forum (IIT-Bombay)
Farmers can access Agri-extension services.
They can ask questions in their own language and get information more relevant to the local context.
web-basedarchivedsearchablemultilingual
Bhav Puchiye – What is the Price? (IITB)
Keylekh: Devanagiri Key Board (IITB)
Devices for enabling easy input in Indian languages.
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Visual Acuity Test (HP-IITM R & D Labs)
Voice Based News Group (HP-Voice Based News Group (HP-ITTM)ITTM)
Master Control Room
Control Room at nearby station
Sensor Networks for Landslide Prediction: An Early Warning System (IITB)
Mumbai Railway Station
GPRSGPRS
GPRS
Sensor nodewith strainguage
Cluster headWith GPRS
Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in IndiaIndia
eSeva, Integrated Citizen eSeva, Integrated Citizen Services, Andhra Pradesh Services, Andhra Pradesh
Lok Mitra and Jan Mitra Lok Mitra and Jan Mitra Projects from Rajasthan Projects from Rajasthan
e- BillPost and e- Post e- BillPost and e- Post Services of the Department Services of the Department of Postsof Posts
RASI (Rural Access to RASI (Rural Access to Services through the Services through the Internet) earlier called SARI Internet) earlier called SARI and n- Logue and n- Logue Communications Communications
Gyandoot Gyandoot Community Information Community Information
Centres (CIC) Project (Dept. Centres (CIC) Project (Dept. of Info Tech., Govt.of India)of Info Tech., Govt.of India)
BhoomiBhoomi
Drishtee dot. com Ltd. Drishtee dot. com Ltd. ITC eChoupal ITC eChoupal Kuppam i- community, Kuppam i- community,
Andhra PradeshAndhra Pradesh Akshaya- Kerala Govt's Akshaya- Kerala Govt's
Hundred Percent ICT Hundred Percent ICT Literacy ProjectLiteracy Project
Information Village Information Village Research Project- IVRP by Research Project- IVRP by MSSRF MSSRF
Swayam Krishi Sangam Swayam Krishi Sangam (SKS) (SKS)
TARAhaat TARAhaat GRAMDOOTGRAMDOOT M. S. Swaminathan M. S. Swaminathan
FoundationFoundation
Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in India Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in India ……
ICT for Women’s ICT for Women’s EmpowermentEmpowerment Community Radio- Community Radio-
Deccan Development Deccan Development SocietySociety
Community Radio- Community Radio- Kutch Mahila Vikas Kutch Mahila Vikas Sangathan (KMVS): Sangathan (KMVS):
Sisu Samrakshak ICT- Sisu Samrakshak ICT- enabled Child health enabled Child health care by UNICEF care by UNICEF
Change Initiatives- Change Initiatives- Nabanna- Empowering Nabanna- Empowering women 94women 94
SEWASEWA
Research Areas in ICT4DResearch Areas in ICT4D
with focus on Small Town and with focus on Small Town and Rural IndiaRural India
Networking and Networking and Information ManagementInformation Management
What is the best, network architecture What is the best, network architecture for delivering voice, video and datafor delivering voice, video and data Wireless, fiber or copper or combination?Wireless, fiber or copper or combination? Intermittent or always on connectivity?Intermittent or always on connectivity? Mobile or stationary?Mobile or stationary?
Information management systemsInformation management systems What kind of informationWhat kind of information Fast access to information at low cost and Fast access to information at low cost and
over low bandwidth connectivityover low bandwidth connectivity
User InterfacesUser Interfaces
Universal User Interface for multiple Universal User Interface for multiple languages and low literacy levelslanguages and low literacy levels SpeechSpeech Iconic user interfacesIconic user interfaces Task-specific interfacesTask-specific interfaces Universality possible?Universality possible?
Affordable DevicesAffordable Devices
Affordability of device and network Affordability of device and network connectivity extremely critical for ICT connectivity extremely critical for ICT penetrationpenetration
Are PCs, Hand-helds the only kind of Are PCs, Hand-helds the only kind of affordable devices?affordable devices?
Health Care and EducationHealth Care and Education
Health CareHealth Care ICT for affordable health care in rural ICT for affordable health care in rural
areas and small townsareas and small towns EducationEducation
Training (CAD-CAM etc.)Training (CAD-CAM etc.) LearningLearning
Host of projects at KReSIT in e-Host of projects at KReSIT in e-educationeducation
PowerPower
Affordable and Reliable PowerAffordable and Reliable Power Solar PowerSolar Power Locally generated power with local Locally generated power with local
distribution as opposed to centralized distribution as opposed to centralized distribution systemdistribution system
Low power electronicsLow power electronics
Microfinance and e-Microfinance and e-CommerceCommerce
MicrofinanceMicrofinance Micro CreditMicro Credit Micro TransactionsMicro Transactions Micro PaymentMicro Payment What kind of models will be applicableWhat kind of models will be applicable
e-Commercee-Commerce How to exploit the ubiquitous cellular How to exploit the ubiquitous cellular
technology for microfinance?technology for microfinance?
e-Governancee-Governance e.g. Bhoomi Project – digitization of land e.g. Bhoomi Project – digitization of land
recordsrecords e-Bankinge-Banking
Already available for urbanites with Already available for urbanites with reasonable incomesreasonable incomes
How can this be extended to low income How can this be extended to low income groups and rural areas – rural ATM is groups and rural areas – rural ATM is step towards thisstep towards this
Business ModelsBusiness Models
New Business Models New Business Models for sustainable use of ICT in rural and for sustainable use of ICT in rural and
small town India, as well as urban India small town India, as well as urban India e.g. we have the lowest cell phone tariff e.g. we have the lowest cell phone tariff
in the world – 2 cents per minute, based in the world – 2 cents per minute, based not on technology but clever business not on technology but clever business models which has very low OPEXmodels which has very low OPEX
Grameen Phone in BangladeshGrameen Phone in Bangladesh n-Loguen-Logue e-choupal (ITC)e-choupal (ITC)
Outsourcing to Rural Areas from Urban Areas
ServicesServices
ServicesServices Which are the services that will be of Which are the services that will be of
interest to rural populationinterest to rural population Price of crops?Price of crops? Price of produce?Price of produce? ??????
Boils down to developing right Boils down to developing right content.content.
EntertainmentEntertainment
Affordable Entertainment thru ICTAffordable Entertainment thru ICT e.g. showing VCDs is very common in rural e.g. showing VCDs is very common in rural
kioskskiosks Financially lucrativeFinancially lucrative
Issues of providing quality Issues of providing quality entertainment on low bandwidth entertainment on low bandwidth networknetwork
Some IssuesSome Issues Is too much money (Govt. and private) Is too much money (Govt. and private)
being diverted towards ICT4D at the being diverted towards ICT4D at the expenses of real social cause and expenses of real social cause and infrastructure development (like water infrastructure development (like water ways, electricity, food distribution etc)? ways, electricity, food distribution etc)?
How is ICT affecting gender equality in How is ICT affecting gender equality in urban, semi-urban and rural areas?urban, semi-urban and rural areas?
Is there a lot of hype in ICT4D which will Is there a lot of hype in ICT4D which will fade with time?fade with time?
What has been the real impact of ICT for What has been the real impact of ICT for rural folks?rural folks?
……
QuestionsQuestions CommentsComments ThoughtsThoughts ……
