Overview of Drug Overview of Drug Control in Foreign Control in Foreign

CountriesCountries

Drug Control in EUDrug Control in EU

A.A. Policy TrendsPolicy Trends

■■Decriminalisation of possession of smDecriminalisation of possession of small amount of drugs for personal use all amount of drugs for personal use or individual drug useor individual drug use

■■Reduction of penalty on cannabis-relaReduction of penalty on cannabis-related offencested offences

B. Drug use prevalenceB. Drug use prevalence

■■lifetime prevalencelifetime prevalence

■■recent use prevalence recent use prevalence

■■last-month use prevalencelast-month use prevalence

C. Harm reduction measuresC. Harm reduction measures

■■syringe exchange programmesyringe exchange programme

■■Distribution of naloxoneDistribution of naloxone

■■Supervised consumption facilitiesSupervised consumption facilities

■■methadone treatmentmethadone treatment

Drug Control in AustraliaDrug Control in AustraliaA.A. Drug policiesDrug policies

■■The principle of harm minimisation has The principle of harm minimisation has formed the basis of Australia's Drug Strformed the basis of Australia's Drug Strategy .ategy .

■■Integrated approaches including supplIntegrated approaches including supply-reduction, demand-reduction and hay-reduction, demand-reduction and harm-reduction strategies. rm-reduction strategies.

B. Drug use prevalenceB. Drug use prevalence

■■lifetime prevalencelifetime prevalence

■■recent use prevalence recent use prevalence

■■last-month use prevalencelast-month use prevalence

C. Harm reduction measuresC. Harm reduction measures

■■NNeedle and syringe programs eedle and syringe programs

■■MMedically supervised heroin injecting room edically supervised heroin injecting room

■■Methadone treatmentMethadone treatment

■■Peer-based educationPeer-based education

Drug Control in CanadaDrug Control in CanadaA.A. Drug policiesDrug policies

a balanced approach to reducing a balanced approach to reducing both the demand for drugs and both the demand for drugs and their supply through such activities their supply through such activities as control and enforcement, as control and enforcement, prevention, treatment and prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, and harm reduction.rehabilitation, and harm reduction.

B. Drug-related offencesB. Drug-related offences

■■Number of people who were Number of people who were charged with offences under the charged with offences under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Controlled Drugs and Substances Act Act

■■Drugs involved in drug casesDrugs involved in drug cases

■

C. legitimizing the medicinal use of C. legitimizing the medicinal use of marijuana marijuana

Drug Control in USADrug Control in USAA.A. Drug policyDrug policy

■■stopping initiationstopping initiation

■■reducing abuse and addictionreducing abuse and addiction

■■disrupting the market of illegal disrupting the market of illegal drugsdrugs

Drug Control in the NetherlDrug Control in the Netherlandsands

A.A. Drug policiesDrug policies■■Drug policy in the Netherlands is based oDrug policy in the Netherlands is based o

n minimizing risk and reducing harm. n minimizing risk and reducing harm. ■■Drug policy in the Netherlands has four mDrug policy in the Netherlands has four m

ajor objectives:ajor objectives: (1) prevention of drug use and treatment and rehabilitati(1) prevention of drug use and treatment and rehabilitati

on of addicts; on of addicts; (2) reduction of harm to drug users;(2) reduction of harm to drug users; (3) diminishing public nuisance caused by drug users (i.(3) diminishing public nuisance caused by drug users (i.

e. disturbance of public order and safety in the neighbe. disturbance of public order and safety in the neighbourhood); ourhood);

(4)and combating the production and trafficking of drug(4)and combating the production and trafficking of drugs." s."

B. Drug use prevalence B. Drug use prevalence ■ ■The number of opiate addicts in the NetThe number of opiate addicts in the Net

herlands herlands ■■Drug use among young people aged 12-1Drug use among young people aged 12-1

8 8 ■■Injecting behaviour among drug users iInjecting behaviour among drug users i

n the Netherlands n the Netherlands ■■The ratio of drug-related deaths in The The ratio of drug-related deaths in The

Netherlands Netherlands

C. C. Harm reduction measuresHarm reduction measures

■■Coffee shopsCoffee shops

■■Syringe exchange servicesSyringe exchange services

■■Safe Injection Rooms/User Rooms Safe Injection Rooms/User Rooms

Drug Control in SwedenDrug Control in Sweden

A. Drug policyA. Drug policy

■■The The Drug policyDrug policy of Sweden of Sweden is one of is one of zero tolerancezero tolerance, including , including cannabiscannabis. . The policy focuses on prevention, The policy focuses on prevention, treatment and control. It aims to treatment and control. It aims to reduce both the supply and the reduce both the supply and the demand of narcotics. demand of narcotics.

■■The development of restrictive The development of restrictive policy on drugspolicy on drugs

B. Drug use prevalenceB. Drug use prevalence

■■lifetime prevalencelifetime prevalence

■■recent use prevalence recent use prevalence

■■last-month use prevalencelast-month use prevalence

C. Some developmentsC. Some developments

■■Closing down two needle exchange prClosing down two needle exchange programmesogrammes

■ ■ Persons younger than 15 years old shPersons younger than 15 years old shall be testedall be tested

Drug Control in UKDrug Control in UKA.A. Drug policyDrug policy■■To help young people resist drug misuse in ordeTo help young people resist drug misuse in orde

r to achieve their full potential in society.r to achieve their full potential in society.■■To protect our communities from drug-related aTo protect our communities from drug-related a

nti-social and criminal behaviour. nti-social and criminal behaviour. ■■To enable people with drugs problems to overcoTo enable people with drugs problems to overco

me them and live healthy and crime free lives. me them and live healthy and crime free lives. ■■To stifle the availability of illegal drugs on our stTo stifle the availability of illegal drugs on our st

reets.reets.■■Amending Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Amending Misuse of Drugs Act 1971

B. Drug use prevalenceB. Drug use prevalence

■■lifetime prevalencelifetime prevalence

■■recent use prevalence recent use prevalence

■■last-month use prevalencelast-month use prevalence

C. Policy on marijuana-based medicationC. Policy on marijuana-based medication