Overview of Guyana’s Malaria Situation

Dr. Reyaud Rahman

About Guyana

• officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America.

• Guyana is one of the few Caribbean countries that is not an island.

Guyana is bordered by Suriname to the east; by Brazil to the south and southwest; by Venezuela to the west; and by the

Atlantic Ocean to the northAt 215,000 square kilometres (83,000 sq mi)

Guyana is divided into 10 regionsNo Region Area km² Population

Populationper km²

1 Barima-Waini 20,339 24,275 1.2

2 Pomeroon-Supenaam 6,195 49,253 8.0

3Essequibo Islands-West Demerara

2,232 103,061 46.2

4 Demerara-Mahaica 1,843 310,320 168.4

5 Mahaica-Berbice 3,755 52,428 14.0

6 East Berbice-Corentyne 36,234 123,695 3.4

7 Cuyuni-Mazaruni 47,213 17,597 0.3

8 Potaro-Siparuni 20,051 10,095 0.5

9 Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo 57,750 19,387 1.3

10 Upper Demerara-Berbice 19,387 41,112 2.1

Guyana 214,999 751,223 3.49

Vector Bourne Diseases in Guyana2012

• Malaria 31876

• Dengue Fever

• Filariasis

• Leishmaniasis

• Chagas Disease

Diagnosis

• Gold Standard Malaria Microscopy

• RDT in out break situations

Malaria in 2012

• P. falciparum 16,694

• P. vivax 11,225

• P. malariae 83

• Mix 3,598

• Active Case Detection 53,464

• Passive Case Detection 143,000

data on malaria new cases for the period January to March, 2013, based on reports

received

Jan-March, 2013,

Total Smears taken and examined- 35,281• Positive new cases – 7,213• P. falciparum – 3,720 • P. vivax – 2,569 • P. malariae.- 35 • Mix- infections – 889 • Active Case Detection 8,172• Passive Case Detection 27,109

Imported Cases in 2012

Foreign imported

positives falciparum vivax malariae Mixed Infections

Brazil 31 20 16 0 0

Venezuela 16 10 6 0 0

Suriname 1 0 1 0 0

Ghana 1 1 0 0 0

St - Martin 1 1 0 0 0

China 1 1 0 0 0

Pregnancy Infected 2012

• Total Cases seen 312

• Falci 146

• Malariae 1

• Mix 35

• Vivax 130

POSITIVE MALARIA NEW CASES BY AGE –

GROUPS.•  • < 1 YEAR- 28 =0.3% • 1-4 YEARS- 196 =3% • 5-14 YEARS- 586 =8% • 15-49 YEARS 5,844 =81%• 50 + YEARS- 559 =8% • TOTAL 7,213

New cases by ethnic groups

• Afro- Guy- 2952 • Amerindian- 1946• Chinese – 12 • East Indian- 1037• Mix Race- 2163• Others- 3

Mining is high investment and high producing sector that generates important foreign exchange earning for the

Guyanese Economy

• In 2008 the mineral production (Output) G$ 73,113 Billions (18% more than 2007)

• Production continues to arise in 2009-2011, by small and medium Scale Guyanese miners continue to be strong.

• 2009 the production of Gold surpassed 260,000 in 2008 to 305,000 oz. in 2009, & 2010.

Prevention and Control Programs

• Active vector Bourne disease work in endemic regions and non endemic regions

• Prompt diagnosis and early treatment

• Dissemination of IEC material

• Creation of school health clubs and Vector Bourne committees

• Detect early and control, to prevent

epidemics

• In Vivo studies done every three years to detect any drug resistance

• Refresher training courses for Malaria Microscopy

• Distribution of LLINs

Constraints

• In adequate human resource

• Dangerous nature of the job e.g Riverain, mountainous, dense rainforest, dangerous criminals.

• Non compliance of patients to use full drug dosage

• Self medication

Needs

• Assistance in developing policies and procedures in strengthening our diagnostic capacity.

• Quality Assurance programs

• M&E officer training

• IT personnel with training and the use of Epi info for our MIS

Needs

• Specialist in Malaria microscopy, Leishmaniasis, Chagas to evaluate and possibly re-train our Microscopist

• Entomology training

The EndThank You