An Overview of the Mercury Deposition Network in the US & Upper
Midwest
David GayIllinois State Water Survey
University of IllinoisChampaign, IL
[email protected], (217) 244.0462http://nadp.sws.illinois.edu
Goal of this Presentation….
A short introduction of the MDN Technical and programmatic Review
Data Availability and uses
A few other Notes Canada and site needs
Officially, the NADP is a research project at the University of Illinois
Coordinated funding between the United States Department of Agriculture Individual state Agricultural Research Universities, and U of Illinois
What is the Mercury Deposition Network?
A Cooperative Research Program Part of National Atmospheric Deposition
Network
115 sites, plus QA sites, 3 new on January 1
Federal, State, Local and Tribal Governments members, private organizations
Measuring wet deposition of mercury
NADP’s Goal
To monitor the chemistry of precipitation (rain and snow) and the atmosphere as consistently and as accurately as we can, for long periods
to determine changes over time (trends).
Federal AgencyMembers
University Members
Tribal Organizations
AmericanStates
1. National Trends Network (NTN)
2. Atmospheric IntegratedResearch and Monitoring
Network (AIRMoN)
3. Mercury Deposition Network (MDN)
Wet Deposition Dry Deposition
4. Atmospheric Mercury Network (AMNet)
6. Partnership with CleanAir Status and Trends Network (CASTNET)
5. Ammonia MonitoringNetwork (AMoN)
Network Operations
Mercury Deposition Network
115 MDN Sites15 years of operation
Mercury Deposition Network (MDN)
Collects one-week precipitation-only sampleswith MDN wet-dry collector
Measures precipitation with gage (2 options)
AnalysesTotal MercuryMethyl Mercury
Optional “daily” mode
Choice of Two Collectors
Aerochemetrics$4,585
Difficult to get
NCON$5,800
6-8 week delivery
Choice of Two Rain Gages
ETI NOAH IV$5,640
6 weeks deliveryHack Pluvio 2
$8,499
Wind Shield For Snow Collection
Costs
Annual Cost Total Mercury
PO Fee-regular $ 2,700.00
Chemistry 1 $ 8,268.00
NED Fee (equipment) $ 104.00
Total $ 11,072.00
Estimated Shipping $ 1,040.00
Est. Total w/Shipping $ 12,112.00
Equipment Basic
ETI Rain Gage1 $ 5,640.00
Aerochem/LODA Precipitation Collector2 $ 4,585.00
Data Acquisition PDA3 $ 300.00
Site Installation $ 500.00
"Double Pen" recorder3
Total Equipment $ 11,025.00
All data, all maps
free of charge
http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu
Executive Committee
Program Office
Subcommittee onNetwork Operations
Subcommittee onData Managementand Analysis
Subcommittee onEnvironmental Effects
Budget Advisory Committee
Quality AssuranceAdvisory Group
NTN AIRMoN MDN
Laboratory Laboratory
Program Coordinator
MANAGEMENT
OPERATIONS
QA Manager
Organization
QA Overview Quality Assurance Management Plan (web)
Quality Assurance Project Plan (web)
Scheduled blanks and spikes Laboratory blanks Field blanks
3rd Party QA Program (USGS & EPA) Blind spike samples Inter-lab comparisons Precision/accuracy studies Site Audits
Independent QA director
Site setup and Support
Total Hg Analysis via CVAFSModified US EPA Method 1631
• Cleanly collect sample in Borosilicate Glass
• Oxidize by BrCl converts Hg-org and Hgo to Hg (II)
• Pre-reduction with NH2OH to destroy free BrCl
• Reduction with SnCl2 to convert Hg (II) to Hgo
Data Uses?
Spatial Distribution: 2009 Concentration Map
Spatial Distribution: 2009 Deposition Map
Minnesota Mercury Wet Deposition
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
May-96
May-97
May-98
May-99
May-00
May-01
May-02
May-03
May-04
May-05
Dep
ositi
on (n
g/m
2 w
eek)
MN16
MN18
MN22
MN27
Changes with Time: Selected Sites in Minnesota
Wisconsin Mercury Wet Deposition
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
May-96
May-97
May-98
May-99
May-00
May-01
May-02
May-03
May-04
May-05
Dep
ositi
on (n
g/m
2 w
eek)
WI08
WI09
WI22
WI31
WI32
WI36
Changes with Time: Selected Sites in Wisconsin
Michigan 48 (Upper Peninsula) Concentration Trend
(with LOESS red, trend blue)
DPC
Decrease (α=0.10)Decrease (α=0.05)Increase (α=0.10)Increase (α=0.05)
Change over Time: Great Lakes Area, Risch et al.
Eastern Great Lakes
Upper Great Lakes
Great Lakes
DPC
Decrease (α=0.10)Decrease (α=0.05)Increase (α=0.10)Increase (α=0.05)
Change over Time: Great Lakes Area, Risch et al.
Lower Great Lakes
72-Hour Back Trajectory to OK9918 Hours Until Event#1
Back Trajectories with “daily” sites
Model Development
Relationship to Fish Concentrations
What factors are affecting fish concentrations of Hg? Water pH Total dissolved solids Dissolved sulfate
Hg is overwhelmingly deposition
Overwhelmingly anthropogenic
Wiener et al., 2006Environmental Sci. & Technology 40 (6261)
Emissions Control Effectiveness
Is Policy Effective?
• are there any effects by decreasing emissions?
Other Notes
Canadian Plans
CAPMoN
or (MDN)
Mercury Air
Speciation
Midwest Sites/Needs
An Overview of the Mercury Deposition Network in the US & Upper
Midwest
David GayIllinois State Water Survey
University of IllinoisChampaign, IL
[email protected], (217) 244.0462http://nadp.sws.illinois.edu
2010 NADP Atmospheric Hg Network Sites
ObservationsGaseous Oxidized Mercury
Particulate Bound Mercury
Midwestern Annual Average Concentrations
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Con
cent
raito
n (n
g/L)
IL11
MN16
MN18
MN22
MN23
MN27
MO46
WI08
WI09
WI22
WI31
WI32
WI36
WI99
