Overview of National Promotion Plan for the Utilization of Radiation and
Radioisotopes in Korea
January 23, 2005Thailand
Jong Kyung KimVice President, The Korean Nuclear Society
Director General, Innovative Technology Center for Radiation Safety (iTRS)Professor, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Korea
Backgrounds Current Status of RT (Radiation Technology)
Utilization Objectives and Directions Main Areas of the Promotion Plan
Research and Development Utilization Promotion Education Supporting Systems
R&D Fund Projection Conclusions
CONTENTS
BACKGROUNDS
History of RT promotion plan in Korea
1st RT promotion plan (MOST*/KAERI**, 1997)
2nd RT promotion plan (MOST*/Hanyang University, 2001)
“Act for the Promotion of Radiation and Radioisotope Utilization” effective (December 2002)
Related “enforcement ordinance” effective (June 2003)
Revision of the 2nd RT promotion plan (MOST*/Hanyang University, 2004)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
* Ministry of Science and Technology** Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute
Act for the Promotion of RadiationRadioisotope Utilization No. 6814 (2002)
Ultimate Goal:To promote
for enhancing the human life of quality and industrial competitiveness.
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
The utilization of radiation technologies
Its related R&D activities
Essential Procedure:
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
National promotion plan for the utilization ofradiation technology in every 5 years
Detailed action plans in every year
Government
Policy objectives Plan for the effective promotion of RT
related R&D and the utilization of research outcomes
Plan for education and supply of RT experts Plan for financial support
The 5-year promotion plan must include:
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Why? Significant changes in domestic and international
environments since the 2nd promotion plan (2001) Detailed annual plans for 5-year period required by
the Act (2002)
50+ experts from 32 organizations Worked for 6 months
Revision of the 2nd promotion plan
Committee meeting held at Hanyang university (2004)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
4 committees and public hearing
Final report: ”Establishment of Integrated Promotion Plan and Its Action Plans for Utilization, Research and Development of Radiation and Radioisotope” (August 2004)
Public hearing held at Hanyang university (2004)
Research anddevelopment
Utilizationpromotion
Education
Supportingsystems
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Current Status of RT Utilization
Foreign Domestic
Major applications of RT
Foreign Status of RT Utilization
Radiation and Radioisotope
Medical Environment
al
Hightech
Industry
Bio-resource
Diagnostic imaging
Cancer treatment
Nondestructive test
Semiconductor processing
Pollution purification
Food irradiation
Sewage purification
Plant breeding
Sterilization
Nano material
Radiation sensor
High accurate inspection
Functional food
Cross-linking
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Agriculture15b$
(13%) Industry55b$
(46%)Medicine
49b$(41%)
53%75%
25%
Nuclear power industry
119b$(1.4% of GDP)
52b$(1.2% of GDP)
Agriculture1b$
(2%)
Industry39b$
(75%)
Medicine12b$
(23%)
RT utilization RT utilization
Nuclear power industry
47%
Foreign Status of RT Utilization
RT utilization in USA and Japan
"Economic scale of utilization of radiation", Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 39(9) and 39(10), 2002
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Foreign Status of RT Utilization
RT utilization in China(1)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Change of annual production value from RT
* including relevant productions such as ion implantation
“New headway in application of isotope and radiation techniques in China”, Proceedings of Congress on Radioisotope and Radiation Utilization in China, Japan and Korea, Beijing, Nov29-Dec1, 2004
1999
4.0b$
2003*
4.7b$
2008
12.4b$(estimated)
6,000 enterprises and 50,000 workers (RT application) More than 290 units of RI production and R&D (2003)
Foreign Status of RT Utilization
RT utilization in China(2)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
ResearchInstitutes40(14%)
Factories230(79%)
Colleges/Univsrsities
20(7%)
“New headway in application of isotope and radiation techniques in China”, Proceedings of Congress on Radioisotope and Radiation Utilization in China, Japan and Korea, Beijing, Nov29-Dec1, 2004
Foreign Status of RT Utilization
RT utilization in China(3)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Medical
Irradiation
Industrial
Agriculture
1,000 types of radioisotopes are being used.80% of them domestically supplied
73 irradiation devises100,000 tons of foods irradiated a year (2003)
71 industrial electron accelerators (4337.5 kW, 2004)Large container inspection system (53.6M$, 2004)
629 mutation varieties had been bred. (2002)Government has established 5-year breeding plan.
“New headway in application of isotope and radiation techniques in China”, Proceedings of Congress on Radioisotope and Radiation Utilization in China, Japan and Korea, Beijing, Nov29-Dec1, 2004
• Most of commercial reactors belong to government.
• Canada is the largest RI-production country in the world.
• Organization is separately installed for the enhancement of RI production in the world-class RI production countries: Canada, South Africa, Russia, Belgium, Argentina and Netherlands.
“Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotope,” OECD/NEA, 2000
Current status of radioisotope production in the world
Cyclotron17%
Cyclotron(PET)47%
Accelerator8%
Researchreactor28%
Foreign Status of RT Utilization
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
“Investigation of RT Utilization in 2002”, Ministry of Science and Technology, 2003
94%
6%
RT utilization
Nuclear power industry
536M$(0.1% of GDP)
Medical161M$(30%)
Radiationdiagnosticequipment
113M$(21%)
RI built-ineqipment26.8M$(5%)
Radiationgenerator
129M$(24%)
NDT107M$(20%)
RT Utilization in KoreaUrgent need to promote R&D and utilization for advanced economic pattern
Domestic Status of RT Utilization
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Size of RT industry (2003)
2,126 organizations (6.4% increase over 2002) 26,189 workers (3% increase over 2002)
Domestic Status of RT Utilization
“Statistics of Radiation Practices in Korea in 2004”, Korea Radioisotope Association/ Ministry of Science and Technology, 2004
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
257,445 Ci of RI and RI-loaded instruments (23M$) 302 radiation generators (118M$) High-tech, high-price equipments are all imported. (e.g., gamma camera, SPECT, PET, PET-CT, etc.)
Import of RT equipment (2003)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Domestic Status of RT Utilization
GE PET-CT scanner (left) and Cyber-knife (right) installed at Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences
“Statistics of Radiation Practices in Korea in 2004”, Korea Radioisotope Association/ Ministry of Science and Technology, 2004
RI production: 83,049 Ci (2003)
(15.8% increase over 2002)
Significantly expanded production capacity using the "HANARO" research reactor and cyclotrons
Started to produce Ca-45, Sc-46, Si-30, Kr-79, Ho-166 and Ir-192 at commercial level
RI production in Korea
Domestic Status of RT Utilization
Long hot cell lines at KAERI
“2004 Statistics of Radiation Practices in Korea”, Korea Radioisotope Association/ Ministry of Science and Technology, 2004
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Objectives and Directions ofthe New Promotion Plan
Objectives of the New Promotion Plan
Developing a detailed promotion plans forRT related R&D and utilizationfor the next 7 years (2 years + 5 years)based on the Act for the Promotion of Radiation and Radioisotope Utilization
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Stick to the objectives of the Act Keep a good balance between RT industry and nuclear
power industry by encouraging RT related R&D and utilization
Promote R&D of core technologies Establish a basis (justification) for the expansion of financial
investment and experts education Establish a basis to achieve the objectives of
NuTRM (Nuclear Technology Road Map, 2003)
Directions of the New Promotion Plan
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Main Areas ofthe New Promotion Plan
Research and development Utilization promotion Education Supporting systems
Major action plans developed for Industrial applications Bio-resource applications (Agricultural) Medical applications Fundamental technologies
R&D priorities assessed considering Economical and social effect (30%) Technological effect (25%) Urgency (25%) Others (20%)
1. Research and Development
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Major action plans
Industrial applications Focusing on R&D and industrialization led by the Advanced
Radiation Application Research Center (to be initiated in 2005)
Bio-resource applications (Agricultural) Focusing on food/ bio-resource development, public health
enhancement, and clean resource production led by Advanced Radiation Application Research Center
1. Research and Development
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Major action plans (continued)
Medical applications Focusing on development of nuclear medicine, new material for
radiotherapy, diagnostic imaging, medical physics, and radiation protection
Fundamental technologies Focusing on advanced fundamental technology, development of next-
generation radiation detector and establishment of radiation application facilities
1. Research and Development
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
2. Utilization Promotion
Characteristics of RT market
Small amount but numerous items Dominated by foreign brands
Most of radiation detectors used in NPP are imported. Most of radioisotopes are imported.
IMPORT257,445 Ci
PRODUCTION83,049 Ci
“2004 Statistics of Radiation Practices in Korea”, Korea Radioisotope Association/ Ministry of Science and Technology, 2004
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Major action plans
Promote the production and distribution of radioisotopes Establish a distribution center for the production and distribution of
radioisotopes Perform a feasibility study to build a new RI production reactor Perform a feasibility study of producing Co-60 using CANDU
reactors
Establish localized RT utilization centers at major research institutes/universities
Promote RT user groups Collect and distribute RT related information Support new domestic RI products
2. Utilization Promotion
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Current status of RT-related education in Korea
* Korea Radioisotope Association
3. Education
Department of nuclearengineering at universities
Department of radiologicaltechnology at technical
colleges
Radiation science program inphysics and chemistry fields
Special training course forworkers (KRIA*, work sites)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Major action plans
Educational infrastructure Develop RT-related training courses and training materials Establish integrated radiation experiment facilities at major
universities High level education
Establish professional graduate schools Develop training courses for university students Develop training courses for facility users (e.g., training courses for
HANARO utilization, training courses for radioactivity analysis, etc.) Develop a medical physics program and its related courses
Special courses Develop on-line and internet (international network) training courses
3. Education
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
4. Supporting systems
Background
Excessively strict regulations could hold back the utilization of the radiation technologies
Public acceptance (PA) is still a hot issue for promoting the nuclear energy and radiation technologies even after significant effort (i.e. budget spent)
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Demonstration against the construction of a nuclear waste plant in Buan, Korea.
Major action plans
Establish detailed action plans for the systems stated in the Act Radiation user association, supervisory research institution,
information management institution, RT industry support, etc.
Optimize the safety regulations by introducing broad scope licensing, risk informed regulations
Establish a comprehensive strategic plan to promote nuclear energy and radiation technologies to the general public
Establish an independent nuclear promotion center Establish a dedicated department in the government
4. Supporting systems
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
R&D Fund Projection
Continuous and concentrated investment fromgovernment at the beginning stage
Government - R&D and infrastructureNon-government - industrial facilities
Motivate private corporations to joinvoluntarily in the promotion plan
Large amount of fund required for the establishment andoperation of Advanced Radiation Application Research Center
Major considerations
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Assumptions
The nuclear R&D fund will increase by 7% every year after 2005 considering additional financial resources and inflation.
The portion of the RT-related R&D fund (in the nuclear R&D fund) will increase from 24% (2004) to 30% (2010).
Additional RT-related R&D fund will be 7.7 M$ in 2006. Fund for the supervisory research institution (2.5M$) Fund for the advanced radiation detector project (4.2M$) Fund to improve radiation safety regulations (0.4M$)
* The research fund mentioned above includes only the research fund from the government
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
A: Estimates of annual research funds based on the decision of Nuclear Committee in July 2000* The status of research fund from RT-related mid/long-term nuclear project (2002-2004)
RT-Related R&D fund increases by factor of 2 during the period of 2004-2011: 38.9M$(2004) 76.8M$(2011)
50
100
150
200
250
300Nuclear Technologyincluding RT (A)
Radiation Technology (B)
Nuclear Technology (A)
Radiation Technology (B)
Ratio (B/Ax100)
2002* 2003* 2004* 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110
162.3 158.2 164.8 166.7 182.5 195.3 208.9 223.6 239.3 256.0
36.6 37.9 38.9 43.3 51.1 54.7 60.6 64.8 71.8 76.8
23% 24% 24% 26% 28% 28% 29% 29% 30% 30%
162.3
36.6
158.2
37.9
164.8 166.7
182.5
195.3
208.9
223.6
239.3
256.0
76.871.864.860.654.751.143.438.9
M$
RT-related R&D fund projection
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Conclusions
Korea has developed an integrated RT promotion plan anddetailed actions plans for the next 7 years (2005-2011).
The ‘RT related R&D fund’ will increase by factor of 2during the period of 2004-2011.
We hope this integrated approach will result in a rapiddevelopment of radiation technologies in Korea.
BackgroundsCurrent Status of RT Objectives and DirectionsMain AreasR&D Fund ProjectionConclusions
Thank you for your attention!