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Overview of Small Animal Science
ObjectivesDefine the terms ‘Zoology’ and ‘Zoonosis’Sort different small animal species into their
designated taxonomic groupsIdentify the different small animal categories
that are used for this classAnalyze the different animal taxonomy groups
The study of animals is called zoology ...Animal scientists are called zoologists.Animals are classified into different groups for
study.
Animals are generally classified like this ... KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies
More general
More specific
This classification system is a taxonomy ...
Taxonomy is the branch of science concerned with the classification of organisms.
The animal must meet all the requirements starting from the highest category -- the KINGDOM
Down to the lowest category to fit into a particular group -- in this case, the SPECIE
All animals in these lessons fit in 5 categories:Osteichthyes Amphibia or amphibians Reptilia or reptilesAves/Aviary Mammalia or mammals
(bony fishes)(frogs and toads)
(snakes and lizards)(birds)
(dogs, cats and rabbits)
The study of fish ...
Is called icthyologySubphylum: PiscesLive in waterPermanent gills for
breathing, fins and body covered with scales
Cold-blooded
The study of amphibians ...
Is called herpetologyCold-blooded
vertebratesYoung live in water,
whileadults live on land.
Includes frogs, toads,newts, salamanders
Microsoft photo
The study of reptiles ...
Is also calledherpetology
Cold-bloodedLungs, bony skeletonBody covered with scales or horny platesHeart with 2 atria and 1 ventricleSnakes, lizards, crocodiles, alligators, turtles,
tortoises, dinosaurs
Microsoft photo
The study of birds ...
Is called ornithologyIncludes poultryWarm-bloodedTwo legs, wings,
feathersLay eggs
The study of mammals ... Is called mammalogy Feed their young
with milk from themother's body
Skin is more or lesscovered with hair
Considered thehighest form of life
NRCS photo by Lynn Betts.
Examples of mammals ...HumansNon-human primates Dogs, cats, rabbits, mice, rats, guinea pigs,
chinchillas, ferrets, cows, pigs, goats, sheep, horses
Marine mammals like dolphins, whalesMarsupials like kangaroos, possumsFlying mammals like bats
How are small animals used?Companion animals and petsFood or hide• Rabbits, mink• Frogs, alligators
Research• Nonhuman primates• Dogs, cats, rabbits• Rats, mice
Animal welfare vs. Animal Rights
Animal Welfare: Animals should be
treated humanely. Animals can be used for
human purposes.
Animal Rights: Animals have the same
rights as humans. Animals should not be
used for food, clothing, entertainment or research.
Ethically wrong for animals to be used for human purposes.
Animal Welfare Act of 1966Regulates dealers and laboratoriesMandates standards for housing, handling,
treatment, feeding and shelter of laboratory animals
Research institutions must have a review committee
Procedures for euthanasia
Risks in working with animals ...Zoonosis (disease that can be transmitted
from animal to human)• Internal parasites• Toxoplasmosis• Rabies• Bacteria• Ringworm
Bites and scratchesPhoto of ringworm courtesyAssociation of Veterinary
Technician Educators and Kim Myers/Raymond Walters
College.
Overview of the industry:Companion animal industry is big and growing
biggerCats and dogs have largest shareConsumers spend a lot on their pets:• Pet food (about 47% of spending)• Health services• Toys, collars, leashes, etc.• Grooming, boarding, training, breeding, etc.