Overview of U.S. Preparations for ITER

Ned Sauthoff

Fusion Power Associates

Washington, DC

November 19, 2003

Positioning the US to achieve its Burning Plasma interests

through ITER

Preparations leading to the Presidential Decision…

Snowmass Summer Study7/2002

FESAC2/2002-9/2002

NRC12/2002 - 2003

DOEOMBOSTP

UFAwork-shops

FESACBurning Plasma Panel9/2001

DOE/SC Cost Assessment11/2002

White House1/2003

Congress

What further preparations are needed to position the US to achieve its Burning Plasma interests?

ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

~2006 ~2014

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• “Levels of Interest” in packages for “in-kind contributions”

• Contributing input to discussions

Major Components of ITER

Toroidal Field CoilNb3Sn, 18 coils

Poloidal Field CoilNb-Ti, 6 coils

Central SolenoidNb3Sn, 6 modules

Blanket Module421 modules

Vacuum Vessel9 sectors

Cryostat24 m high x 28 m dia.

Port Plug6 heating3 test blankets2 limitersrem. diagnostics

Divertor54 cassettes

Direct Capital “Value”

Overview of the ITER Construction “Value”

ITER Value Estimate, for measuring relative contributions

US concerns about the US costs

Procurement packages ~$4B

based on estimates by EU, JA, and RF

- US costs for performing scopes- R&D and design of diagnostics, heating and current drive- contingency

Construction Management

~$1B

based on man-year and cost/man-year estimates

- labor rates and support costs- sufficiency of estimated labor- domestic agency costs

Guidelines for the US in-kind offers

• The total value of the US offers matches the negotiated percentages

• The cost of the the US offer is within the Administration’s dollar-limit– in-kind and in-cash contributions– construction management, and– US domestic agency, contingencies, reserves, …

• The scope is of interest to “the US”

• The scope is consistent with US capabilities

• The scope is consistent with US export controls,US Trade Representatives’ guidelines, etc.

US cost-estimation for each procurement-area of interest

US area experts

(labs and universities)

US cost-estimation for procurement-areas of interest

US area experts

(labs and universities)

Divertor[Ulrickson (SNL)]

Tritium [Willms (LANL)]

Vacuum Pumping and Fueling System[Gouge (ORNL)]

Conventional Systems [Hill (LLNL)]

Magnet Systems[Minervini (MIT)]

Diagnostics [Young/Johnson (PPPL)]

Ion Cyclotron H&CD [Swain (ORNL) / Hosea (PPPL)]

Electron Cyclotron H&CD [Temkin (MIT) / Hosea (PPPL)]

US cost-estimation for each procurement-area of interest

US area experts

(labs and universities)

US industry

ITER Procurement

Packages

ITER Cost Worksheets

Comparison of ITER valueand US cost

US supporting program to position the US

US cost foradditional R&D and Design

procurementpackages

costsheets

Burning Plasma Progam Advisory Committee

• Membership– Stewart Prager (U. Wis.), chair– Mohamed Abdou (UCLA)– Réjean Boivin (GA)– Harold Forsen– Jeffrey Freidberg (MIT)– Richard Hawryluk (PPPL)– E. Bickford Hooper (LLNL)– Stan Milora (ORNL)– Gerald Navratil (Columbia)– Tony Taylor (GA)– George Tynan (UCSD)– Michael Ulrickson (Sandia)– James Van Dam (UTex)

BPPAC criteria, metrics and priorities for US contributions

1. US research positioning (High)– Metric: Extent to which activity positions the US for key

science/technology roles in ITER

2. ITER-value per dollar (High)– Metric: ITER value/(US cost of full scope of ITER-specific R&D + design

+ fab + contingency)

3. Relative value or strength of US contribution to ITER (High/Medium)– Metric: High relative strength to meet a critical need of the ITER project

4. Contributions to US fusion research program (Medium)– Metric: Enhancement of US capability for activity both in ITER and

outside ITER

5. Enhancement of fusion-relevant capability of US industry (Medium/Low)– Metric: Extent activity increases industrial capability in fusion areas

6. Development of US fusion workforce (Low)– Metric: Extent to which activity builds a suitable US fusion science and

technology work force.

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• “Levels of Interest” in packages for “in-kind contributions”

• Contributing input to discussions

NSSG-GroupsArea US emphasis

• Management Structure

effectiveness

Strong project management

• technical control(design integration, change control, …)

• procurement control (vendor qualifications, inspections, progress payments, …)

Conceptual ITER Organizational Structure

Supporting Services

Support for Project Management, Computer Network Technical works, etc.

ILE

Central Team

Field TeamField Team Field Team

Council

Science andTechnology

Advisory Committee

ManagementAdvisory

Committee

Director-General(DG)

Auditors

ILE Staff (professionals + support staff)

DomesticAgency

DomesticAgency

DomesticAgency

Contracts

for construction phase

Host country

NSSG-GroupsArea US emphasis

• Management Structure

effectiveness

• Staffing

accessibility

• Procurement Systems/Methods

in-kind/in-cash

changes

• Procurement Allocations

project success

US interests

Status of Procurement Allocations

• For each site-option, most packages have been provisionally assigned

• In this provisional allocation, the US has a spectrum of packages that:– matches the negotiated value– involves the US in key science and technology areas of interest– is within the US dollar limit

(including in-kind, in-cash, contingencies, domestic activity, …)

• The provisional allocation is subject to review by others:– US export controls, ….

• Next steps:– Allocation of remaining packages after site- and cost-sharing agreement– Discussions of coordination with other parties

NSSG-GroupsArea US emphasis

• Management Structure

effectiveness

• Staffing

accessibility

• Procurement Systems/Methods

in-kind/in-cash; changes

• Procurement Allocations

project success and US interests

• Resource Management Regulations

visibility and changes

• Risk

recognition and management

• Intellectual Property

benefits and protection

• Decommissioning

amount and timing of the funds

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• Performance of “Home Team” tasks

• Secondees• Naka• Garching• ITER Site (future)

REGULATORY APPROVAL

ConstructionAgreement

InitialledILE Established

CONSTRUCTION LICENSE

Months 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108

CONSTRUCTION EXCAVATE HVAC ready

Purchase Order TOKAMAK BUILDING

SITE FABRICATION BUILDING

OTHER BLDGS.PFC sitefabrication

bldg. Place first TF/VV in pit

CompleteVV torus

Complete Blanket/Divertor Installation

TOKAMAK ASSEMBLYInstall cryostat

bottom lidPlace lowerPFC

InstallCS

STARTUP & COMMISSIONING

SYSTEM STARTUP & TESTING

INTEGRATED COMMISSIONING

Complete leak& presure test

Magnetexcitation

1st PLASMA

PROCUREMENT PFC fab. start Last PFC complete

MAGNETSTFC fab.

startCS fab.

startLast TFC complete

CS fab.complete

First purchase order VESSEL,

BLANKET & DIVERTORFirst VV

sectorLast VV sector

First purchase order

Last blanketand divertor

1/06

ITA Task Requests

• Magnet– Qualification of industrial suppliers of Nb3Sn strands

with increased value of Jc

– Conductor performance and design criteria (transverse load effects)

– CS jacket weld defect assessment– Stress analysis of the helium inlet regions

• Divertor– Divertor Diagnostic Side Plates Design– Design of Special Divertor Diagnostic Cassettes including

cassettes with in-vessel viewing access– Tolerance Study of the Divertor

• Safety Computer Codes

Physics Tasks and Working Group

• Neoclassical Tearing Modes in Inductive Operation

• Resistive Wall Modes in Non-inductively Driven Plasma

• Disruptions and their mitigation in Inductive Operation

• Plasma control

• Plasma transport simulations

• Divertor

• Edge pedestal and ELMs in Inductive Operation

• Diagnostic Working Group

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• Performance of “Home Team” tasks

• Secondees• Naka• Garching• ITER Site (future)

Secondees requested by the IT

• completing design and writing technical procurement specifications for "long-lead" items – CS manufacturing, coil winding instrumentation, conductors– divertor, high heat flux components– blanket (shield and FW)– cryostat and vacuum system

• layout review of the tritium plant and cryogenic distribution

• taking over the design for IC, EC and CODAC systems

• diagnostics definition and integration

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• Development of the US ITER Project Management Plan

• Positioning the US to perform agreed procurements

• Performance of long-lead-time work on Critical Path Tasks

• US reviews

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• R&D and Design on Diagnostics, Heating and Current Drive Systems

• Re-establish US participation in the ITER Test Blanket Program

• Experiments, theory and modeling aimed at key questions for burning plasmas (design and operation)

• Planning for the ITER Research Phase

Participate in IGNITOR, if Italy builds it

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• Secondees

• “In-kind” contributions

• “Cash-fund” contributions

Secondees

• During the EDA, the US provided ~35 secondees to the Joint Central Team.

• The construction-phase secondee-assignments would be to a combination of:– the ITER site, and– Field Teams in the ITER party territories

• 10% of the total ITER Central Construction Management Team professional staff level would be comparable to our EDA level:

~8-12 professionals at the ITER Site

~10-13 professionals on Field Teams

Participate in IGNITOR, if Italy builds it

Upcoming ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

• US: Scientific Merit should be the dominant criterion

• US: “Magnitude of contribution”, rather than “Nature of contribution” should matter for decision-making

US actions on Research Participation in ITER

• Development of the US Burning Plasma program, integrating with the domestic and international programs

• Drafting visions and plans for ITER research operations

• Participation in the International Tokamak Physics Activity (ITPA)

ITER-related activities

Support of

US ITER Negotiations

ITER Transitional

Arrangements

Preparation of the

US ITER Project Team

BP-Supporting

Program Activities

ConstructionResearchOperations

How do we position the US to meet US interests?

• Focusing on ITER Project and Program Success– Contributing project-enabling concepts into international

Negotiations

• Preparing for a 2006 US Start-of-Construction– Assessing possible US in-kind offers– Participating in the ITA by tasks and secondees– Establishing an effective US ITER Team

• Positioning for ITER Research– Performing BP-supporting research on key issues (ITPA)– Establishing excellence in leading tokamak research– Developing world-class remote collaborations tools

US interests guiding US preparations

• Study of Burning Plasmas (cf. G. Navratil)

• Fusion technologies (cf. C. Baker)

• U.S. Industry (R. Iotti)

• As a Step Towards Fusion Power (R. Goldston)

• Developing a truly international approach to the conception, design, construction and operation of major science and technology programs