Smart City Concepts Architecture of Smart City Infrastructures Peripheral processors Data ingestion and mining Reasoning and Deduction Data Acting processors SmartCity Project Coll@bora SmartCity Project Sii-Mobility Data Mining and smart City problematics DISIT Smart City Ontology Data ingestion and integration Service Map and Linked Open Graph Blog Vigilance via Natural Language Processing
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 1 Overview on Smart City Smart City for Beginners 2014, Part 9, Corso di Sistemi Distribuiti Scuola di Ingegneria di Firenze Prof. Paolo Nesi DISIT Lab Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione Università degli Studi di Firenze Via S. Marta 3, 50139, Firenze, Italia tel: +39-055-4796523, fax: +39-055-4796363 http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it [email protected]DISIT Lab, Univ. Florence, 2014
Transcript
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 1
OverviewonSmartCity SmartCityforBeginners 2014, Part 9, Corso di
Sistemi Distribuiti Scuola di Ingegneria di Firenze Prof. Paolo
Nesi DISIT Lab Dipartimento di Ingegneria dellInformazione
Universit degli Studi di Firenze Via S. Marta 3, 50139, Firenze,
Italia tel: +39-055-4796523, fax: +39-055-4796363
http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it [email protected]
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 2
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Motivations Societalchallenge
Weseeastrongincrementofpopulationofour
cities,sinceinthecitiesthelifeissimpleandof
higherqualityintermofservicesandworking opportunities
Thecitiesneedstobeadaptedtotheincrementof
population,tonewevolvingages,tothenew
technologiesandexpectationsofpopulation Sustainabilityofthegrowth
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 3
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 4
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 5
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 6
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 7
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
SustainabilityoftheGrowth
Tobeplannedandmanagedwithrespecttoincrementof
populationandtheirneeds incrementofefficiency:
compensationoftheincrementsofcosts Incrementofqualityoflife:
compensationofthedecrementofqualityoflife
provisioningofnewservices: compensationoftheinadequacyofservices
Decisionsupportforstrategicaspects
Corrections,prediction,newservices,etc. Towardscitizens
Informingcitizensonthenewadaptations,makingthem awareaboutthat
Formingcitizenstoadoptvirtuousbehaviourintheusageof
servicesandresourcesDISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 8
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smartness,smartcityneeds6features SmartHealth SmartEducation
SmartMobility SmartEnergy SmartGovernmental Smarteconomy
Smartpeople Smartenvironment Smartliving SmartTelecommunication
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 9
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smart health (can be regarded as smart governmental)
Onlineaccessingtohealthservices: bookingandpaying selectingdoctor
accesstoEPR(ElectronicPatientRecord) Monitoring
servicesandusersfor, learnpeoplebehavior,createcollective profiles
personalizedhealth Informcitizenstotherisksoftheirhabits
Improveefficiencyofservices redistributeworkload,thusreducingthe
peakofconsumption DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 10
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smart Education (can be regarded as smart governmental)
DiffusionofICTintotheschools: LIM,PAD,internetconnection,tables,..
Primaryandsecondaryschools university industry&services
Monitoring thestudentsandqualityof service,
learnstudentbehavior,createcollectiveprofiles,
personalizededucation suggestingbehaviorto Informingthefamilies
moderatethepeakofconsumption increasethecompetenceinspecificneeded
sectors,etc. Increaseformationimpactandbenefits
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 11
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smart Mobility Publictransportation: bus,railway,taxi,metro,etc.,
Publictransportforservices: garbagecollection,ambulances,
Privatetransportation: cars,deliveringmaterial,etc.
Newsolutions(publicand/or private): electriccars,carsharing,car
pooling,bikesharing,bicyclepaths Online:
ticketing,monitoringtravel, infomobility,accesstoRTZ,parking, etc.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 12
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smart Mobility and urbanization Monitoring thecitystatus,
learncitybehavioronmobility learnpeoplebehavior
createcollectiveprofiles trackingpeopleflows ProvidingInfo/service
personalized Infoaboutcitystatusto helpmovingpeopleand material
educationonmobility, moderatethepeakof consumption Reasoningto
makeservicessustainable makeservicesaccessible
Increasethequalityofservice DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 13
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smart Energy Smartbuilding: savingandoptimizingenergyconsumption,
districtheating renewableenergy:photovoltaic,windenergy,
solarenergy,hydropower,etc. Smartlighting:
turningon/offonthebasisoftherealneeds Energypointsforelectric:c
ars,bikes,scooters, Monitoring consumption,learnpeople/city
behavioronenergyconsumption,learn
peoplebehavior,createcollectiveprofiles Suggestingconsumers
differentbehaviorforconsumption:different
timetousethewashingmachine Suggestingadministrations
restructuringtoreducetheglobal consumption,
moderatethepeakofconsumption DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 14
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smart Governmental Services Servicetowardcitizens: onlineservices:
register,certification,civil services, taxes,useofsoil,
Paymentsandbanking: taxes,schools,accesses Garbagecollection:
regularandexceptional Qualityofair: monitoringpollution
Watercontrol: monitoringwaterquality, waterdispersion,riverstatus
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 15
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Smart Governmental Services Servicetowardcitizens:
CulturalHeritage:ticketingonmuseums,
Tourism:ticketing,visiting,planning,booking
(hotelandrestaurants,etc.) socialnetworking:
gettingservicefeedbacks, monitoring Socialsustainabilityofservices:
crowdservices Socialrecoveringofinfrastructure,
Newservices,exploitinginfrastructures Monitoring
consumptionandexploitationof
services,learnpeoplebehavior,createcollective profiles
Discoveringproblemsofservices,
Findingcollectivesolutionsandnewneeds DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
16
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Telecommunication, broadband FixedConnectivity: ADSLormore,fiber,
MobileConnectivity: Publicwifi,ServicesonWiFi, HSPDA,LTE Monitoring
communication infrastructure Providinginformationand formationon:
howtoexploitthe communicationinfrastructure
Exploitingthecommunication fortheotherservices, moderatethepeakof
consumption DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 17
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 18
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Profiled Services Profiled Services SmartCityParadigm
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 19 Interoperability Data processing
SmartCity Engine Data Harvesting Data/info Rendering Data/info
Exploitation Suggestions andAlarms RealTime Data SocialData trends
Data Sensors DataIngesting andmining Reasoning and Deduction
DataActing processors RealTime Computing Traffic control Social
Media Sensors control Peripheral processors Energy central eHealth
Agency eGov Data collection Telecom. Services . Citizens Formation
Applications
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Challenges (addressed byDISIT) SocialMediabloganalysis
EnergyControlforbikesharing WiFiasasensorforpeoplemobility
InternetofThingsassensors LowcostsBluetoothmonitoring devices
Vehiclekitswithsensors Sensorsnetworksspreadinthecity
andmanagedbycentrals Trafficflowsensors ..
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 20 Traffic Control Social Media Sensors
control Peripheral processors Energy Central eHealth Agency eGov
Data collection Telecom. Services .
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Challenges (addressed byDISIT) OD/LOD,OpenData/LinkedOpenData:
gathering,collection, DataMining: ontologymapping,integration,
semanticallyinteroperable reconciliation,enrichment,
qualityassessmentandimprovement DataFilteringonStreaming
BlogVigilance DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 21 Data Harvesting
RealTime Data SocialData trends Data Sensors DataIngesting
andmining
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Challenges (addressed byDISIT) ReasoningandDataprocessing
Dataanalytics,Semanticcomputing LinkDiscovering
Inferentialreasoning Identificationofcriticalcondition
unexpectedcorrelations predictions,etc.
RealtimeComputingoutofperipherals Action/reaction Activationofrules
Firingconditionsforactivatingcomputing Acceptanceofexternalrules
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 22 Data processing SmartCity Engine
Reasoning and Deduction Realtime Computing
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Challenges (addressed byDISIT) Userprofiling,collectiveprofiles
ComputingSuggestions: Informationandformation
Virtuousbehaviorstimulation Forcitizensandadministrators
Dataexport: API,LOD,.. ConnectionwithotherSmartCity
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 23 Profiled Services Profiled Services
23 Data/info Rendering Data/info Exploitation Suggestions andAlarms
DataActing processors Citizens Formation Applications
Interoperability
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 24
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 25
SiiMobility (Smart City) nuove tecnologie e soluzioni intelligenti
per migliorare l'interoperabilit dei sistemi di gestione, di
infomobilit urbana e metropolitana, e di accesso a dati integrati
collegati. (TRASPORTI E MOBILIT TERRESTRE ) Coll@bora (Smart City
Social Innovation) strumenti collaborativi e di protezione nel
supporto fra strutture sanitarie, associazioni e famiglie con
disabili. (TECNOLOGIE WELFARE E INCLUSIONE) Contesto:SmartCity
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Coll@bora Title: Collaborative Support for Parents and Operators of
Disabled Objectives: providing strong advantages for 1. Relatives
interested in facilitating relations with the management team; 2.
Associations in order to offer a better service to the families and
people with disabilities by providing a collaborative support to
the involved teams, but also to manage the wealth of knowledge, to
support the training of the staff, etc. Coll@bora provides a secure
collaboration tool for the teams and for the association to support
the families and the disabled people. Link:
http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it/collabora.html
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 26
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 27
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Sii-Mobility Title:SupportofIntegratedInteroperabilityforServices
toCitizensandPublicAdministration Objectives: 1. Reduction of
social costs of mobility; 2. Simplify the use of mobility systems;
3. Developing working solutions and application, with testing
methods; 4. Contribute to standardization organs, and establishing
relationships with other smart cities management systems. The
SiiMobility platform will be capable to provide support for SME and
Public Administrations. SiiMobility consists in a
federated/integrated interoperable solution aimed at enabling a
wide range of specific applications for private services to citizen
and commercial services to SME. Coordinatore Scientifico: Paolo
Nesi, DISIT DINFO UNIFI Partner: ECM; Swarco Mizar; University of
Florence (svariati gruppi+CNR); Inventi In20; Geoin; QuestIT;
Softec; T.I.M.E.; LiberoLogico; MIDRA; ATAF; Tiemme; CTT Nord;
BUSITALIA; A.T.A.M.; Sistemi Software Integrati; CHP; Effective
Knowledge; eWings; Argos Engineering; Elfi; Calamai & Agresti;
KKT; Project; Negentis. Link:
http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it/siimobility.html
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 28
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 29
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
SiiMobility DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 30
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 31 Sperimentazioni principalmente
inToscana Sperimentazioni piucompleteinaree primarie adalta
integrazione dati Integrazione coni sistemi presenti
SiiMobility
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
SiiMobility:Scenari principali soluzionidiguida/percorsoconnessa/o
servizipersonalizzati,segnalazioni,ilveicolo/lapersonariceve
comandieinformazioniintemporealema
modopersonalizzatoecontestualizzato;
Piattaformadipartecipazioneesensibilizzazione
perriceveredalcittadinoinformazioni,ilcittadinocomesensoreintelligente,informareeformareilcittadino,
tramitetotem,applicazionimobili,webapplications,etc.;
gestionepersonalizzatadellepolitichediaccesso
Politichediincentivazioneedidissuasionedellusodelveicolo,Creditidimobilit,monitoraggioflussi;
interoperabilitedintegrazionedeisistemidigestione
contribuzioneastandard,verificheevalidazionedeidati,riconciliazionedeidati,etc.;
integrazionedimetodidipagamentoediidentificazione
Politichepayperuse,monitoraggiocomportamentodegliutenti;
gestionedinamicadeiconfinidelleareeatrafficocontrollato
tariffazionedinamicaepercategoriadiveicoli;
gestioneretecondivisadiscambiodatifraservizi(PAeprivati)
affidabilitdeidatieseparazionedelleresponsabilit,Integrazionediopendata,riconciliazione,.;
monitoraggiodelladomandaedelloffertaditrasportopubblicointemporeale
soluzioniperlintegrazioneelelaborazionedeidati.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 32
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
SupportodiInteroperabilitaIntegrato Architettura SiiMobility
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 33 Supporto:dataanalytics,
semanticcomputing DataProcessing: validation,integration,
geomap..,reconcil, Orari,percorsi,fermate, Valori attuali,politiche
di azione,etc. profiles, modelli di costo,users, .. Interfaccia
diControllo e Monitoraggio APIDatapublicationverso
altricentridiServizioUtenti Centrale Operativa: Supportoalle
decisioni, simulazioni, APIaltri SiiMobility APIaltre Centrali SC
Gestori: Gestori Flotte,AVM, TPL,Parcheggi, Autostrade,Car
Sharing,Bike sharing,ZTL, direzionatori .. Agrgegazionedati,
propagazioneazioni APICentrali nazionali SocialMedia:
twitterFaceBook,Blogs Dataingestionand preprocessing Acq Dati
Emegenza OpenData: ambientali,energia, ordinanze,grafo,.
Supporto:bigliettazione, prenotazione,pianificazione, Additional
algorithms,.... BigDataprocessinggrid Sistemi diGestione Dati
integrati dalterritorio Interoperabilit daeversoaltri sistemi
digestione integrata eSC Infomobilitepublicazione Piattaforma
dipartecipazione edi Sensibilizzazione Info.Servicesfor
Totem,Mobile,.. Applicazioni WebeTotem Applicazioni Mobili
InfrastrutturaHWSiiMobility Sensorie Apparatidi Rilevazione
KitveicolieAttuatori
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Linee Azioni(versionebreve) interoperabilit, integrazionee
modellazionedati Interoperabilit, verifiche e validazione dei dati,
riconciliazione, etc.
sistemidistribuitiemobili,mobilecomputing,datasecurity,user
privacy,.. datamodeling,integrazioneOpenData/LODPubblicieprivati,..
socialmedia,crowdsourcing,naturallanguage processing analisied
elaborazionedatiin automatico
semanticcomputing,knowledgemanagement,verifichediconsistenzae
completezza,user profiling,soluzionidisentiment andaffective
analysis, dataanalytics ericercaoperativa,artificial intelligence;
stimadi predizioni, percorsiottimi,
correlazioniinattese,tariffedinamiche,costimedi,..
Bigdata,indicizzazionenavigazioneedelaborazione sensoriedattuatori
innovativi sensor network,communication system emobile,istrumentare
lacitt, raccoltadatidiflusso,velocitedambientali,attuazione
kitperveicoli, sistemidi informazione sensor
KITevoluti(bus,car,bike).
Integrazioneconmetodidipagamento,gestioneeaperturavarchi,
direzionatori Comunicazionee azioneversoil cittadino
modellidicomunicazioneconilcittadino,sistemidiinformazione
Valutazioneestimolocomportamentivirtuosi,informazionecriticaedi
criticit DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 34 SiiMobility:Linee
diRicerca
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 35
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Problematiche diRicerca Smart
Modellazionedellaconoscenzaconsemanticacoerenteper
effettuarededuzionicorrettesfruttandoinformazioninumerichee
simboliche,sugrandivolumieflussididati,automazione Problematiche
derivatedaoltre1000ODePD,serviziconmodellidiversi
eformatidiversi:resilienza,qualit,misura,accesso,integrazionereal
time, Tecnichedi:modellazione,semanticcomputing,scheduling,
Ricercasuintegrazioneemodellazionedati:
Altolivello:predizionesuserviziecomportamenti,correlazioni
inattese,situazionicritiche,flussodeiviaggiatori,
Problemiealgoritmidiriconciliazionedeldato,tracciamentoe
versionamento,reputazione,filtraggio,integrazioneODeLOD
internazionali/nazionali,validazioneeverificaformale,...
36DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Why:Createanontologythatallowstocombine
alldataprovidedbythecityofFlorenceandthe Tuscanregion.
Problems:datahavedifferentformats,theymust
bereconciledinordertobeeffectively
interconnectedtoeachother,butsometimes informationisincomplete.
Objective:takeadvantageofthecreated
repositoryandontologytoimplementnew
integratedservicesrelatedtomobility; toprovide
repositoryaccesstoSMEs tocreatenewservices.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 37 Research objectives
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Analysis of Available Data 519 OpenData (Municipality of Florence)
145 OpenData (Tuscany Region) TPL Timetable and TPL Route Street
Graph Point of Interest Real Time Data from traffic sensors Real
Time Data from parking sensors Real Time Data from AVM systems
Weather Forrecast (consortium Lamma) DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
38
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
FromMIICwebservices(realtime) o ParkingpayloadPublication
(updatedeveryh) o TrafficsensorspayloadPublication
(updatedevery510min) o AVMclientpullservice(updatedevery24h) o
StreetGraph FromMunicipalityofFlorence: o
Tramline:KMZfilethatrepresentsthepathoftraminFlorence o
StatisticsonmonthlyaccesstotheLTZ,touristarrivalsperyear,annual
salesofbustickets,accidentsperyearforeverystreet,numberof
vehiclesperyear o MunicipalityofFlorenceresolutions
FromTuscanyRegion: o
Museums,monuments,theaters,libraries,banks,courierservices,
police,firefighters,restaurants,pubs,bars,pharmacies,airports,schools,
universities,sportsfacilities,hospitals,emergencyrooms,doctors'
offices,governmentoffices,hotelsandmanyothercategories o
WeatherforecastoftheconsortiumLamma (updatedtwiceaday)
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 39 DataSet already integrated
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it Le
misurazioni comprendono dati come distanza media tra veicoli,
velocit media di transito, percentuale di occupazione della strada,
transiti orari, ecc. I sensori sono divisi in gruppi, ciascuno
identificato da un codice di catalogo che viene passato come
parametro in fase di invocazione del web service Un gruppo un
insieme di sensori che monitora un tratto stradale I gruppi
producono una misurazione ogni 5 o ogni 10 minuti Attualmente sono
attivi 71 gruppi su tutto il territorio toscano, per un totale di
126 sensori AnalisideidatiattualiMIIC Sensori traffico: dati
relativi alla situazione della viabilit stradale provenienti da
gestori di sistemi di rilevamento a sensori
40DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it Lo
stato di un parcheggio viene descritto da dati come il numero di
posti totali e occupati, il numero di veicoli in entrata e in
uscita, ecc. I parcheggi sono divisi in gruppi, ciascuno
identificato da un codice di catalogo che viene passato come
parametro in fase di invocazione del web service Un gruppo
corrisponde allinsieme di parcheggi appartenenti a un comune La
situazione di ogni parcheggio viene pubblicata circa ogni minuto
Attualmente vengono monitorati 50 parcheggi
AnalisideidatiattualiMIIC Parcheggi: dati relativi allo stato di
occupazione dei parcheggiprovenienti da gestori di aree di
parcheggio. 41DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 42
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 ModelsforKnowledgeRepresentation
ExplicittypologiesofKnowledgewhichcanbemade machinereadable
andmachineunderstandable: Structured Knowledge
(Ontologies,Taxonomies etc.) Semistructured (DBMS) Weakly
structured (HTML,Tablesetc.) Not structured (Natural
Languageunstructured text, images,drawings etc.)
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 43
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 WebOntologiesandLanguages
InComputer/InformationScience,anOntology is defined as
theconceptualization ofaspecific domainofinterest,expressed through
entities (Classes),descriptors (Attributes),relationships
(Properties)andapredefined rule corpus(Semantics). Representation
syntax canbeequivalently expressed inXMLbased formats,as well as
inthefollowing triple format: .
LanguageusedforOntologiesrepresentation: OWL
(WebOntologyLanguage)is theW3CstandardforOntologydefinition
forSemanticWeb. RDF/XML Ntriples,N3 etc.
Interrogation/Querylanguages: SPARQL SERQL
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Macroclasses Connections DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 44
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
MapsandGeographicalinformation:formedby
classesRoad,Node,RoadElement,AdministrativeRoad,
Milestone,StreetNumber,RoadLink,Junction,Entry, andEntryRule,
Manoeuver,isusedtorepresentthe entireroadsystemofTuscanyregion.
PointofInterest:economicalservices(publicand
privates),activities,whichmaybeusefultothecitizen
andwhomayhavetheneedtosearchforandtoarrive
at.Classificationwillbebasedonthedivisioninto
categoriesplannedatregionallevel. Weather:includingstatus
andforecasts fromthe consortiumLamma inTuscany.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 45 Ontology Macroclasses
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Transport:datacomingfrommajorLPTcompanies
includingscheduledtimes,therailgraph,datarelatingto
realtimepassageatbusstops.Classes:busline,Ride,
Route,record,RouteSection,BusStopForeast,RouteLink.
Sensors:concerningdatacomingfromsensors;theymay
includeinformationsuchaspressure,humidity,pollution,
carflow,carvelocity,numberofpassedcars andtracks,etc.
Administration:includes informationcoming frompublic
administrations such as resolutions issuedbyeach
administration,plannedevents,changes inthetraffic
arrangement,planned VIPvisits,sports events,etc.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 46 Ontology Macroclasses
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
RoadElement:delimitedbyastartnodeandanendnode (ObjectProperties
"starts"e"ends"); Road:composed by RoadElement andNode ("contains")
AdministrativeRoad:connected to RoadElement (isComposedeforming),to
Road(coincideWith). Road:AdministrativeRoad =N:M.Both
ina1:Nrelation with RoadElement; EntryRule:connected to RoadElement
("hasRule", "accessTo "); Maneouvre:linked to EntryRule
("isDescribed"). Described through
"hasFirstElem","hasSecondElem"and "hasThirdElem"."concerning"fastes
amaneouvre to the concerned junction. DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
47 Maps Macroclass
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Node:georeferenced through geo:latandgeo:long. Milestone:associated
with 1AdministrativeRoad ("placedIn"),georeferenced through
geo:latand geo:long.
StreetNumber:alwaysrelatedtoatleast1entry(internal
orexternal).Connected to RoadElement andRoad
("standsIn"and"belongTo");reverse:"hasStreetNumber".
Entry:connected to StreetNumber through
"hasInternalAccess"and"hasExternalAccess",with cardinality
resrictions,subclass of geo:SpatialThing, maximum cardinality
restriction 1to geo:latandgeo:long
"ownerAuthority"and"managingAuthority":linked to PA macroclass.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 48 Maps Macroclass
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 49 Maps Macroclass
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
OTN: anontologyoftrafficnetworksthatismore
orlessadirectencodingofGDF(GeographicData Files)inOWL; dcterms:
setofpropertiesandclassesmaintained
bytheDublinCoreMetadataInitiative; foaf:
dedicatedtothedescriptionoftherelations betweenpeopleorgroups;
vCard: foradescriptionofpeopleand organizations; wgs84_pos:
vocabularyrepresentinglatitudeand
longitude,withtheWGS84Datum,ofgeoobjects.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 50 Reused Vocabulary
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 51
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 52
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 53 RDFStore, Knowledge base
BigDataStore DatiStatici ETL Transfor mation ETL Transfor mation
ETL Transfor mation ETL Transfor mation Mapping processe s Temp
Store Triple Generati on Data Integrati onTool DISIT Ontology for
SmartCity R2RML Model ReconciliationconsolleProcess Scheduler
Ingestion Temp Store SQLStore NoSQLStore BigDataStore DatiRealTime
SQLStore ETL Transfor mation Validation Query SPARQL
LinkedOpenGraph Log.disit.org ServiceMap servicemap.disit.org
Mapping SPARQLendpoint Access Server
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 54
Phase1:collectdatafromdifferentsources (MIICWebService,Portale
dellOsservatorio dei Trasporti edella Mobilita,Municipalityof
FlorenceandTuscanyRegionWebSites).
Phase2:firstprocessingmeansETLtooland NoSQL databasestorage.
Phase3:secondtransformationusingETL toolsandRDFtriplescreation.
Phase4:SavingtripleinRDFstore. From Open Data to Triples
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
ETLTrasformation TorealizetheR2RMLmodel RDFStore
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 55 Helpful Tools
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 56
GET URL HTTPGET condizionata Trasformazione HBase Process Table
Parametro: nomefile GET last_update Process Table Aggiornamento
last_update Process Table Ingestion,unesempio EseguitadaPentaho
Kettle (softwareETL) 1) Sipassailnomedelfiledaprocessare 2)
VienerecuperatolURLdellarisorsa 3)
Downloaddelfile(solosestatoaggiornanodallultimavolta) 4)
Aggiornamentodelladatadidownload 5)
Trasformazionerisorsa:daXMLaformatabulare,eliminazionecaratteri
speciali,creazionechiavi,informazioniaggiuntive 6)
MemorizzazionesuHBase DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Ingestion (unesempio) 57DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Toautomatethedifferentphases,wehave createdanarchitecture
thatincludesaprocess scheduler.
Theprocessschedulerimplementationwas necessarytorepeatthe4
phases,fromingestion totransformationintriple. WestoringdatainHbase
accordingtoa programmedrate,whichiscloselylinkedtothe
typeofdata(static/realtime): o Realtimedata:every10min; o
Otherdata:2 15timesaday; o Staticdata:onceamonthormore.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 58 Architecture
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majorproblemswiththedata: o
inconsistentdata(differentmunicipalitytothesame
service,citynamesthatarenotamunicipality) o
missingdata(streetnumber) o incorrectdata(spellingerrors)
Needtovalidatethedata,butaboveallto
reconcilethemtobeabletoconnectwitheach other: o Service
StreetNameReconciliation o Service CoordinateReconciliation
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 59 Data Validation &
Reconciliation
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Services:~30.100(all over Tuscan region)of which: o Geolocalized
Services:~12.400 o Serviceslocatedatstreetlevel:~8.300 Remaining
Services:~9.000of which: o Nonunique results to
locatetheserviceatstreet level o StreetNumbermissing o Unusual
letters inmunicipality names orstreet names o
AddressdoesnotexistonStreetGraph:~ 2.200(next
step:usetheGooglegeocoding API) DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 60
Reconciliation Numbers
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Weather:286filesuploadedtwiceaday 270,000Hbase rows/month ~4million
triples/month; Sensors:126activesensors 18.000Hbase
rows/day,50supervisedparking ~10GB/mese; StreetGraph:68Mtriples.
Foranamount of~ 80MTriples onrepository DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
61 Real Time Data Numbers
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 62
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
LinkedOpenGraph(LOG):atooldevelopedto
allowexploringsemanticgraphoftherelation
amongtheentities.Itcanbeusedtoaccessto manydifferentLODrepository.
(http://log.disit.org/) Maps:servicebasedonOpenStreetMaps that
allowstosearchservicesavailableinapreset
rangefromtheselectedbusstop. (http://servicemap.disit.org/)
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 63 App Examples
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 64 log.disit.org/
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 65 servicemap.disit.org
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
http://servicemap.disit.org DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 66
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Integrationofrailgraphintotheontology;
Insertionofotherstaticdatasetsfromthe
municipalityofFlorenceandotherTuscanyPA; UsingGoogleGeocoding
APItofinishservices reconciliation;
Improvementofserviceslistandtheir geolocation;
CreationofotherappsthatsuggesttoSMEand PAhowtousedata.
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 67 Future Works
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Majortopicsaddressed SmartCityConcepts
ArchitectureofSmartCityInfrastructures Peripheralprocessors
Dataingestionandmining ReasoningandDeduction DataActingprocessors
Progetto SmartCity Coll@bora Progetto SmartCity SiiMobility
DataMiningeProblematiche smartCity DISITSmartCityOntology
Dataingestionandintegration ServiceMapandLinkedOpenGraph
BlogVigilanceviaNaturalLanguageProcessing
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 68
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Search Q&A Graph ofRelations SocialPlatform 69
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
KnowledgeWorkflow:fromSourcestoFinalUsers Semantic Repository
Databases, OpenData Archives, OpenArchives Web Pages Semantic
Computing NLP Inference &Reasoning Recommendations
&Suggestions Link Discovering Reconciliation&
Disambiguation (Names,GeoTagsetc.)Text Documents Publications
Metadata, Descriptorsetc.
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 70
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 DataIntegrity:Accuracy
andReliabilityofData BigDataMiningissues Manydifferentformats
Ambiguitiesandinconsistenciesofdescriptors,metadataetc.
Unstructured,decontextualizeddatadoesnotallowtoextracthighlevel
information
SeveraldifferenteffortsofstructureKBs,ontologies,taxonomiesetc.inmany
fieldsofKnowledge Thereisnecessityof:
Reconciliationanddisambiguationofingesteddata
Organizedataintoproperformsofstructuredknowledge
Standardizedefinitions,languages,vocabulariesetc.
Linkdiscoveringamongdifferentknowledgebases
Makeinferencetoproduceadditionalknowledge
Detectunexpectedcorrelations,producesuggestionsandrecommendations
Providesemanticinteroperabilityamongresourcesandapplications.
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 71
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 NewApproaches TheSemanticWeb
Webofdocuments(HTML) VS Webofdata (RDFTriples) RelationalDBMS VS
SemanticDatastores (Ontologiesetc.) KeywordbasedSearchEnginesVS
NLPQ&A Tools
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
CrawlingStrategies:WebCrawler Architecture:
Document/PagesParsing:RobotExclusionProtocol
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 72 WebCrawlingandDataMining #
Robots.txt for http://www.springer.com (fragment) User-agent:
Googlebot Disallow: /chl/* Disallow: /uk/* Disallow: /italy/*
Disallow: /france/* User-agent: MSNBot Disallow: Crawl-delay: 2
User-agent: scooter Disallow: # all others User-agent: * Disallow:
/
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it
Findingrelationshipsbetweenentities,LODsetc.,
withindifferentRDFdatasources. DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014 73
LinkDiscovering Source:SILK
http://events.linkeddata.org/ldow2009/papers/ldow2009_paper13.pdf
Semantic Store Semantic Store ... Config LINKS CoreLogic
ComparisonLoop Resource Lister Metrics Definition &Evaluation
Resource Indexer SPARQL SPARQL
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 74
NaturalLanguage Text Syntactical Analysis Tokenizer Morphologic
Analysis PartofSpeechTagger Chunker Syntactical Parse
SemanticAnalysis NaturalLanguagesentences aresubsequently processed
andcoded into asemantic representation (bymeans of logic
formalisms,semantic networksandontologies) Textis segmented into
sequences ofcharacters (tokens). Agrammar category is assigned
toeach token Each wordofasentence/period is annotated withits
logicalrule (subject,predicate, complement etc.) This phase uses
previous annotations togroup nominal andverbal phrases foreach
sentence Produces theSyntactic ParseTree foreach sentence NLP
NaturalLanguageProcessingPhases DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014
DISIT Lab, Distributed Data Intelligence and Technologies
Distributed Systems and Internet Technologies Department of
Information Engineering (DINFO) http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it 75
OverviewonSmartCity SmartCityforBeginners Corso di Sistemi
Distribuiti Scuola di Ingegneria di Firenze Prof. Paolo Nesi DISIT
Lab Dipartimento di Ingegneria dellInformazione Universit degli
Studi di Firenze Via S. Marta 3, 50139, Firenze, Italia tel:
+39-055-4796523, fax: +39-055-4796363
http://www.disit.dinfo.unifi.it [email protected]
DISITLab,Univ.Florence,2014