+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System...

Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System...

Date post: 06-Nov-2019
Category:
Upload: others
View: 4 times
Download: 0 times
Share this document with a friend
78
Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disorders Treatments & Procedures MA 101 – Medical Terminology tutorial Resources Overview
Transcript
Page 1: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Signs amp Symptoms

Diseases amp Disorders

Treatments amp Procedures

MA 101 ndash Medical Terminology tutorialResources

Overview

Cecum Colon Duodenum

Esophagus Lower Esophageal Ileum

Jejunum Palate Pancreas

Peritoneum Pylorus Rectum

Uvula Gallbladder Peristalsis

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The proximal segment of the large intestine it is short and pouch-like

and contains a short narrow appendage known as the appendix

Cecum(SEE Kum)

022

Other

07481359

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The largest segment of the large intestine it extends from the cecum

to the rectum and includes the ascending colon transverse colon

descending colon and sigmoid colon

Colon(KOH lunn)

050

Other

066506124

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The first segment of the small intestine it receives material from the stomach via the pyloric valve It also receives pancreatic juice from the pancreas and bile from

the liver and gallbladder

Duodenum(doo ODD eh num)

063

Other

074106115

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The muscular tube that moves food by peristalsis from the pharynx to

the stomach

Esophagus(eh SOFF ah guss)

050

Other

10001631

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A ring-shaped muscle at the border of the esophagus and the

stomach

Abbreviated LES

Lower Esophageal or Cardiac Sphincter

(eh SOFF ah JEE al SFINGK ter)

050

Other

19808156

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 2: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Cecum Colon Duodenum

Esophagus Lower Esophageal Ileum

Jejunum Palate Pancreas

Peritoneum Pylorus Rectum

Uvula Gallbladder Peristalsis

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The proximal segment of the large intestine it is short and pouch-like

and contains a short narrow appendage known as the appendix

Cecum(SEE Kum)

022

Other

07481359

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The largest segment of the large intestine it extends from the cecum

to the rectum and includes the ascending colon transverse colon

descending colon and sigmoid colon

Colon(KOH lunn)

050

Other

066506124

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The first segment of the small intestine it receives material from the stomach via the pyloric valve It also receives pancreatic juice from the pancreas and bile from

the liver and gallbladder

Duodenum(doo ODD eh num)

063

Other

074106115

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The muscular tube that moves food by peristalsis from the pharynx to

the stomach

Esophagus(eh SOFF ah guss)

050

Other

10001631

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A ring-shaped muscle at the border of the esophagus and the

stomach

Abbreviated LES

Lower Esophageal or Cardiac Sphincter

(eh SOFF ah JEE al SFINGK ter)

050

Other

19808156

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 3: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The proximal segment of the large intestine it is short and pouch-like

and contains a short narrow appendage known as the appendix

Cecum(SEE Kum)

022

Other

07481359

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The largest segment of the large intestine it extends from the cecum

to the rectum and includes the ascending colon transverse colon

descending colon and sigmoid colon

Colon(KOH lunn)

050

Other

066506124

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The first segment of the small intestine it receives material from the stomach via the pyloric valve It also receives pancreatic juice from the pancreas and bile from

the liver and gallbladder

Duodenum(doo ODD eh num)

063

Other

074106115

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The muscular tube that moves food by peristalsis from the pharynx to

the stomach

Esophagus(eh SOFF ah guss)

050

Other

10001631

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A ring-shaped muscle at the border of the esophagus and the

stomach

Abbreviated LES

Lower Esophageal or Cardiac Sphincter

(eh SOFF ah JEE al SFINGK ter)

050

Other

19808156

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 4: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The largest segment of the large intestine it extends from the cecum

to the rectum and includes the ascending colon transverse colon

descending colon and sigmoid colon

Colon(KOH lunn)

050

Other

066506124

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The first segment of the small intestine it receives material from the stomach via the pyloric valve It also receives pancreatic juice from the pancreas and bile from

the liver and gallbladder

Duodenum(doo ODD eh num)

063

Other

074106115

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The muscular tube that moves food by peristalsis from the pharynx to

the stomach

Esophagus(eh SOFF ah guss)

050

Other

10001631

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A ring-shaped muscle at the border of the esophagus and the

stomach

Abbreviated LES

Lower Esophageal or Cardiac Sphincter

(eh SOFF ah JEE al SFINGK ter)

050

Other

19808156

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 5: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The first segment of the small intestine it receives material from the stomach via the pyloric valve It also receives pancreatic juice from the pancreas and bile from

the liver and gallbladder

Duodenum(doo ODD eh num)

063

Other

074106115

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The muscular tube that moves food by peristalsis from the pharynx to

the stomach

Esophagus(eh SOFF ah guss)

050

Other

10001631

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A ring-shaped muscle at the border of the esophagus and the

stomach

Abbreviated LES

Lower Esophageal or Cardiac Sphincter

(eh SOFF ah JEE al SFINGK ter)

050

Other

19808156

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 6: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The muscular tube that moves food by peristalsis from the pharynx to

the stomach

Esophagus(eh SOFF ah guss)

050

Other

10001631

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A ring-shaped muscle at the border of the esophagus and the

stomach

Abbreviated LES

Lower Esophageal or Cardiac Sphincter

(eh SOFF ah JEE al SFINGK ter)

050

Other

19808156

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 7: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A ring-shaped muscle at the border of the esophagus and the

stomach

Abbreviated LES

Lower Esophageal or Cardiac Sphincter

(eh SOFF ah JEE al SFINGK ter)

050

Other

19808156

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 8: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The third segment of the small intestine that delivers digestive waste material to the cecum of

the large intestine

Ileum(ILL ee um)

050

Other

079142845

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 9: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The middle segment of the small intestine It lies between the duodenum and the ileum

Jejunum(jee JOO num)

022

Other

05911564

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 10: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The roof of the mouth including an anterior hard palate and a

posterior soft palate

Palate(PAHL aht)

050

Other

05871565

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 11: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

An organ that secretes pancreatic juice (a mixture of digestive enzymes) into the small intestine It also secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels

Pancreas(PAN kree ass)

063

Other

092087054

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 12: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs

Peritoneum(PAIR ih toh NEE um)

050

Other

12423398

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 13: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The constricted distal area of the stomach terminating at the pyloric

valve

Pylorus Or

Pyloric Sphincter(pye LOR uss)

13790745

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 14: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

The distal straight segment of the large intestine its terminal opening is the anus

Rectum(REK tum)

063

Other

06389387

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 15: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A small mucosa-covered set of muscles musculus uvulae hanging down from the soft palate near the back of the throat The word is derived from the diminutive of uva the Latin word for grape due to the uvulas grape-like

shape

Uvula(YOO vyoo lah)

12818772

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 16: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

A sac-like organ behind the liver that stores bile

Gallbladder(GAWL blahd der)

050

Other

094062567

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 17: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Previous Home Help Next

Movement of the esophagus and lower GI tract produced by waves

of smooth muscle contraction resulting in propulsion of GI tract

contents

Peristalsis(pair ih STALL siss)

040

Other

10846528

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 18: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Aphagia Ascites Diarrhea Dyspepsia

Dysphagia Flatus Halitosis Hematemesis

Hepatomegaly JaundiceIcterus Nausea

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 19: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Loss of the ability to swallow

(ah FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

08961631

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 20: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

An accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity a symptom of

liver dysfunction

(ah SIGH teez)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention

063

Other

09441631

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 21: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A frequent discharge of watery fecal material which may be

caused by an improper diet but more commonly by infection of

virus bacteria or protozoa It can lead to severe dehydration

(dye ah REE ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

079613596

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 22: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in this context includes mild pain upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected

with eating It can be accompanied by bloating belching nausea or

heartburn [5]

(diss PEPP see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10046529

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 23: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Difficulty in swallowing

(diss FAY jee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09342855

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 24: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A condition of gas trapped in the GI tract or released through the anus

(FLAY tuss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07031836

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 25: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Bad breath

Though the causes of breath odor are not entirely understood most unpleasant odors are known to arise from proteins

trapped in the mouth which are processed by oral bacteria [5]

(hall ih TOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Dentist in London

050

Other

11088977

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 26: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

the vomiting of blood The source is generally the upper gastrointestinal

tract

(hee mah TEM eh siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11648977

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 27: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Enlargement of the liver

(HEPP ah toh MEG ah lee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

1166095

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 28: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A yellowish staining of the skin sclera of the eyes and deeper tissues caused by the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver and thus a symptom of liver dysfunction It may also be a symptom

of red blood cell destruction

(JAWN diss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

07151836

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 29: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

From the Latin and Greek word for seasickness it is a symptomatic urge to vomit when accompanied by vomiting

It may be abbreviated NampV

(NAW see ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

07271836

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 30: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Appendicitis Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Cirrhosis Colitis Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis Dysentery Enteritis Esophagitis Gastritis Gastroenteritis

GastroesophagealReflux Gingivitis Glossitis Hemorrhoids Hepatitis Hiatal Hernia

Ileus Inguinal Hernia Intussusception Pancreatitis Parotitis Peritonitis

Polyposis Stomatitis Umbilical Hernia Volvulus

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 31: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the appendix While mild cases may resolve without

treatment most require removal of the inflamed appendix either by

laparotomy or laparoscopy

Appendicitis(ah pen dih SIGH tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12053876

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 32: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Cholecystitis(koh lee siss TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source International Journal of Surgery

063

Other

13501221

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 33: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Generalized condition of gallstones

Gallstones can occur anywhere within the biliary tree including the gallbladder and the

common bile duct Obstruction of the common bile duct is choledocholithiasis obstruction of the biliary tree can cause jaundice obstruction of the outlet of the pancreatic exocrine system can cause

pancreatitis Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladdermdashchole- means

bile lithia means stone and -sis means process [5]

Cholelithiasis(KOH lee lith EYE ah siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

21521356

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 34: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A chronic progressive liver disease resulting from hepatic cell failure which may be caused by chronic alcoholism

or viral infection

Characterized by a chronic deterioration of the liver replacing

healthy cells with connective tissue that causes a mottled appearance

Cirrhosis(ser ROH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10816052

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 35: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the colon when the condition is chronic and results in the formation of colonic ulcers it is called ulcerative colitis the main symptom of which is severe and sometimes bloody

diarrhea

Colitis(koh LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

110

Other

1170095

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 36: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

a common digestive disease particularly found in the large intestine Diverticulitis

develops from diverticulosis which involves the formation of pouches

(diverticula) on the outside of the colon Diverticulitis results if one of these diverticula becomes inflamed [5]

Diverticulitis(DYE ver tik yoo LYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14743669

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 37: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

The condition of having diverticula in the colon which are outpocketings of the

colonic mucosa and submucosa through weaknesses of muscle layers in the

colon wall These are more common in the sigmoid colon which is a common

place for increased pressure [5]

Diverticulosis(DYE ver tik yoo LOH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

16824212

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 38: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Severe inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent diarrhea

abdominal pain fever and dehydration It is usually caused by infection by

bacteria or protozoa

Dysentery(DISS in tair ee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Life Straw

063

Other

076859856

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 39: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the small intestine

Acute enteritis is usually due to bacteria or viruses When food is involved foodborneillness is to be suspected If other family

members or members of the household are affected this may signify infectious causes

Chronic enteritis can be due to Crohnsdisease giardiasis tuberculosis coeliac

disease or rarely due to Whipples disease

Enteritis(ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

10580678

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 40: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the esophagus

Esophagitis(eh soff ah JYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11653874

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 41: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach Depending on the cause

gastritis may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of

the stomach [5]

Gastritis(gas TRY tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Center of Enid

063

Other

10286528

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 42: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

The inflammation is caused by infection with certain bacteria viruses parasites or

less commonly adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication [5]

Gastroenteritis(GAS troh ehn ter EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

12597548

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 43: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus as a result of a weakened

lower esophageal sphincter producing burning pain

Abbreviated GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GAS troh eh SOFF ah JEE al)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

30614955

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 44: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the gums Usually caused by bacterial plaque that accumulates in the spaces between the gums and the

teeth and in calculus (tartar) that forms on the teeth These accumulations may be

tiny even microscopic but the bacteria in them produce foreign chemicals and toxins that cause inflammation of the

gums around the teeth [5]

Gingivitis(jin jin VYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

11312652

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 45: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the tongue It causes the tongue to swell and change color

Finger-like projections on the surface of the tongue (papillae) may be lost

causing the tongue to appear smooth

Glossitis usually responds well to treatment if the cause of inflammation

is removed This disorder may be painless or it may cause tongue and

mouth discomfort [5]

Glossitis(gloss EYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

08078911

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 46: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A varicose (swollen) condition of veins in the anus that results in

painful swellings

Hemorrhoids(HEM oh roydz)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

10048705

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 47: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis(hepp ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Abbott Diagnostics

022

Other

10022855

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 48: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Protrusion of part of the stomach upward through an opening in the diaphragm normally penetrated by

the esophagus known as the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal Hernia(high AY tal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10674828

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 49: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

An obstruction of the intestine Symptoms include pain vomiting and often fever and dehydration

Ileus(ILL ee uss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

11613874

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 50: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in

the inguinal (groin) region

A direct inguinal hernia occurs among males and is a protrusion into the

scrotal cavity

Inguinal Hernia(ING gwih nal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 51: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

An infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment This often causes a reduction of intestinal motility and is often associated with

polyp formation

Intussusception(IN tuh suh SEP shun)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12745848

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 52: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

The inflammation of the pancreas

bull Acute pancreatitis is an acute episode of pancreatitis

bull Chronic pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that is characterized by recurring or persistent abdominal pain with or without steatorrhea or diabetes mellitus [5]

Pancreatitis(PAN kree ah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

11531426

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 53: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

An inflammation of one or both parotid glands the major salivary

glands located on either side of the face

Parotitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of Staphylococcus

aureus but can result from viral infection and other causes The

most common viral cause of parotitisis mumps [5]

Parotitis(pahr oh TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Copyright copy 2007 Nucleus Medical Art Inc All rights reservedwwwnucleusinccom

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 54: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous membrane which lines part of the

abdominal cavity and some of the viscera it contains) It may be localized or generalized generally has an acute

course and may depend on either infection (often due to rupture of a hollow viscus) or on a non-infectious process

Peritonitis(pair ih toh NYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

040

Other

12256323

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 55: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Presence of many polyps usually in the colon or rectum which poses a high level of risk for malignancy

Polyposis(pall ee POH siss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11719725

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 56: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth which may involve the cheeks gums tongue lips

throat and roof or floor of the mouth The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself such as poor oral hygiene poorly fitted dentures or from mouth burns

from hot food or drinks or by conditions that affect the entire body such as medications

allergic reactions or infections [5]

Stomatitis(stoh mah TYE tiss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source CDC ndash Sol Silverman Jr DDS

040

Other

11531426

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 57: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the

abdominal wall in the umbilical region (the area surrounding

the umbilicus or navel)

Umbilical Hernia(um BILL ih kal HER nee ah)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 58: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

When the small intestine twists causing an obstruction that can lead

to severe complications

Volvulus(VOLL vyoo luss)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

09399182

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 59: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Abdominoplasty Antiemetic Appendectomy Cholangiogram Cholecystectomy

Choledocholithotomy Colectomy Colonoscopy Colostomy Fecal Occult Blood Test

Gastric Lavage Gastroscopy Glossorrhaphy Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy

Polypectomy Sigmoidscopy Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 60: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Plastic surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are

removed usually for cosmetic purposes [10]

Abdominoplasty(ab DOM ih noh plass tee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

14835643

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 61: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea Anti-emetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of

opioid analgesics general anesthetics and chemotherapy

directed against cancer [5]

Antiemetic(an tye ee MEH tik)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source MIT Open Courseware

022

Other

11253604

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 62: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Surgical removal or excision of the appendix

Appendectomy(app ehn DEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Wikimedia Commons

050

Other

113785

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 63: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver gallbladder and

duodenum

Cholangiogram(koh LAHN jee oh gram)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Patient with gallstones

050

Other

13185847

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 64: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Excision of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy(KOH lee siss TEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

14348296

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 65: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Incision into the common bile duct which is performed to

remove one or more obstructive stones

Choledocholithotomy(koh LEH doh koh lih THOTT oh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

17450063

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 66: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Excision of the colon

Colectomy(koh LEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source The Cancer Council of New South Wales

050

Other

09785304

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 67: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope

Colonoscopy(koh lunn OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

022

Other

10552379

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 68: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the

abdominal wall which establishes an artificial anus and may be temporary or permanent as a

treatment for cancer obstructions or ulcerative colitis

Colostomy(koh LOSS toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

063

Other

10608977

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 69: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

Fecal Occult Blood Test

(FEE kal uh CULT)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Other

21545026

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 70: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a

saline solution

Gastric Lavage(GAS trik lah VAHZH)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Kimberly-Clark Healthcare

022

Other

10580679

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 71: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

(GAS troh skope) a specialized type of endoscope

Gastroscopy(gas TROSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 72: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Suture of the tongue

Glossorrhaphy(gloss OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck ed 2 WB Saunders

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 73: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Excision of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoidectomy(HEM oh royd EK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

1414367

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 74: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Surgical repair of a hernia

Herniorrhaphy(HER nee OR ah fee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

Source Surgery Encyclopedia

050

Other

09820406

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 75: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Excision of a polyp

Polypectomy(pall in PEK toh mee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

050

Other

11531426

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 76: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a

sigmoidoscope (sig MOYD oh skope) a specialized type of

endoscope

Sigmoidoscopy(sig moyd OSS koh pee)

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

12395099

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 77: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

Surgical repair of uvula palate and pharynx which is usually performed to

correct obstructive sleep apnea

Abbreviated UPPP

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(YOO vyoo loh PAHL ah toh FAIR in GOH plass tee)

Previous Home Help

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

31770058

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources
Page 78: Overview Signs & Symptoms Diseases & Disordersjoannmajor.org/DesignProjects/Learning Units/GI System Tutorial.pdf · Overview. Signs & Symptoms. Diseases & Disorders. Treatments.

1 Centers for Disease Control amp Prevention (httpphilcdcgovphilhomeasp)2 Unlocking Medical Terminology by Bruce Wingerd3 Medline Plus4 Wikimedia Commons (httpcommonswikimediaorgwikiMain_Page)5 Wikipedia (httpenwikipediaorg)6 The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner7 National Library of Medicine8 World Health Organization (httpwwwwhointen)9 International Journal of Surgery (httpwwwtheijscomindexphp)10 American Heritage Stedmanrsquos Medical Dictionary

Previous Home Help Next

Overview Signs amp Symptoms Diseases amp Disorders Treatments

  • Slide Number 1
  • Overview ndash Root Terms
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Overview ndash GI System
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Signs amp Symptoms
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Diseases amp Disorders
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Treatments amp Procedures
  • Resources

Recommended