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Multi Crew Pilot’s Licence (MPL) in Europe •Anthony Petteford
Multi Crew Pilot’s Licence (MPL) in Europe•Anthony Petteford
MPL only lives with airline support
Airline Management – it’s up to you!
Airline Management – it’s up to you!
Enlightened Airline Management
Intrepid MPL Pioneers
High Barriers to entry into MPL training
Initial Airline support
New MPLIs
TRIs to test MPLIs
Appropriate EFIS FNPTII for Basic phase
FFS and TRIs for Intermediate phase
No jets in the regulations PLEASE!
MPL in EUROPE – R.I.P.
My 5 key points are:
1. To OUTLINE THE MPL for those still unfamiliar with the concept
2. To describe OUR MPL COURSE DESIGN (& a few words of advice!)
3. To dispel a few MPL ‘MYTHS’
4. To describe an essential initiative to encourage MPL ENROLMENTS
5. To outline OPPORTUNITIES to further IMPROVE SAFETY under MPL
1. The MPL concept
... So why MPL?1. Many accidents are proven to have
occurred as a result of poor crew co-ordination and were avoidable
2. Modern MPA require less SPA ‘Stick & Rudder’ experience due to design and advanced automation
3. Traditional courses have extensive solo PIC hours in SPA which serve little value for MPA operations - where decisions are team based
4. Time spent in SPA training would be better spent on more relevant MPA training
PHASE 1 CORE SKILLS AIRCRAFT – Single Pilot (SPA)
PHASE 2 BASIC FNPTII MCC SIMULATOR
PHASE 3 INTERMEDIATE MPA FULL FLIGHT SIMULATOR
PHASE 4 ADVANCED FULL FLIGHT SIMULATOR & AIRCRAFT – Multi Pilot (MPA)
MPL generic design - Competency Based (min 240 hours)
PLUS:1. ATPL Theoretical Knowledge2. Type Theoretical Knowledge3. Threat & Error Management (TEM)4. Interactive ATC Communications
Gaining MPL approval – non generic!
1. MPL application may not be considered unless supported by BOTH an FTO and an airline
2. Application and approval is managed by the FTO
3. Approval is granted for a specific type of aircraft operated by that airline
4. MPL holders must fly with supporting airline when licensed
5. MPL status ceases once ATPL achieved
2. Our MPL Course - designed with our UK partner airline
Key MPL design characteristics1. A training partnership
2. Relevant to Q400 Type
3. Incorporate flybe SOPs
4. MEP element for asymmetric
5. European ATC exposure
6. Price < = traditional ATPL
7. Include € ‘funding support’
8. SPA reversion ‘Safety Net’
MPL Phase 1 – CORE skills in SPA
Complex SEP retractable from day 1
58 Hours DUAL training
Just 12 hours PIC SOLO
MPA SOPs introduced after PIC SOLO hours completed
European ATC
MPL Phase 1 – CORE skills in SPA
5 hours UPSET RECOVERY training
Blend of SEP & MEP
MPL Phase 1 – CORE skills in SPA
Complex MEP retractable to introduce asymmetric handling skills
Again - Upset recovery
Just 5 Hours DUAL training
European ATC
MPL Phase 1 – CORE skills in SPA
10 Hours FNPTII Simulator
Blend of SEP & MEP
Again – Upset recovery training
MPL Phase 1 – CORE skills in SPA
Phase Activity Device Hours1 SEP Dual TB20 Aircraft 58
1 SEP Solo TB20 Aircraft 12
1 SEP Dual Upset Zlin 242L Aircraft 5
1 MEP Dual/Upset PA34 Seneca Aircraft 5
1 SEP & MEP Dual FNPTII Simulator 10
TOTAL 90
Our words of advice...1. ATPL theoretical knowledge DOES NOT need to be integrated in
synchronicity with core skills training:• It is not required by MPL regulations • It’s pretty difficult to do anyway• Requires ATPL TK and core skills training to be co-located• Don’t let your regulator tell you otherwise!
2. Less than 70 hours of core skills training may meet with some cynicism...
3. All PIC SOLO flying must still be flown as a single pilot....so caution teaching MPA SOPs too early else you might just obtain some negative learning.....
MPL Phase 2 – BASIC MPA & IF skills
Phase Activity Device Hours1 SEP Dual TB20 Aircraft 58
1 SEP Solo TB20 Aircraft 12
1 SEP Dual Upset Zlin 242L Aircraft 5
1 MEP Dual PA34 Seneca Aircraft 5
1 SEP & MEP Dual FNPTII Simulator 10
2 MET Dual (PF/PNF) FNPTII MCC Simulator 90
TOTAL 180
MPL Phase 2 – BASIC MPA & IF Skills
Our words of advice…1. The regulations DO PERMIT an FNPTII MCC to be used for this phase
2. The regulations DO NOT LIMIT how many hours you may deliver in this phase …maximize this phase in terms of:
• Cost efficiencies• Capability and availability of instructors
3. CAUTION using a TRI to teach basic attitude flying, tracking and holding procedures - may present more challenges than you think.
4. ‘CONVERT’ your SPA FIs - they will do a good job for you but you do need TRIs to test them.
5. Pick a SUITABLE MPA type – B200 MCC simulators are limiting!
6. Use GENERIC MPA SOPs in this phase
MPL Phases 3 & 4 - type specific MPA Skills
Plus Base Training- 12 Landings
MPL Phases 3 & 4 - type specific MPA Skills
Phase Activity Device Hours1 SEP Dual TB20 Aircraft 58
1 SEP Solo TB20 Aircraft 12
1 SEP Dual Upset Zlin 242L Aircraft 5
1 MEP Dual PA34 Seneca Aircraft 5
1 SEP & MEP Dual FNPTII Simulator 10
2 MET Dual (PF/PNF) FNPTII MCC Simulator 90
3 MET Dual (PF/PNF) Q400 Full Flight Simulator 20
4 MET Dual (PF/PNF) Q400 Full Flight Simulator 40
TOTAL 240
Our words of advice1. The regulations DO NOT stipulate how many hours must be
completed in either of these 2 type specific phases – there is a myth that each phase must be a minimum of 60 hours
2. Both phases combined must meet type rating minimum hours requirements
3. Try and complete type specific ground training before commencing phase 3
4. Use airline specific SOPs in both of these phases
3. Some common MPL ‘Myths’
3 routes to become a licenced pilot...
1. Integrated ATPL(A)
2. Modular ATPL(A)
3. MPL(A)
The Modular ‘Baseline’
1. ICAO PPL to enter
2. 90% ATPL theory by post
3. Multiple FTOs permitted
4. No formal training reporting required
5. Many take years and multiple attempts to just achieve minimum standards!
Myth #1 - ATPL Theoretical Knowledge1. “ATPL theory training must be
INTEGRATED WITH professional flight training to become an effective airline pilot under an MPL training system”
1. “ATPL theory training must be INTEGRATED WITH professional flight training to become an effective airline pilot under an MPL training system”
2. “ATPL theory training MUST BE COMPLETED BEFORE professional flight training may commence to become an effective airline pilot under a MODULAR training system”
Myth #1 - ATPL Theoretical Knowledge
1. “ATPL theory training must be INTEGRATED WITH professional flight training to become an effective airline pilot under an MPL training system”
2. “ATPL theory training MUST BE COMPLETED BEFORE professional flight training may commence to become an effective airline pilot under a MODULAR training system”
Myth #1 - ATPL Theoretical Knowledge
Myth #2 - Total ‘FTO MANAGED’ hours
Modular
FTO Managed Training 153
Myth #2 - Total ‘FTO MANAGED’ hours
Modular MPL
FTO Managed Training 153 240
Myth #3 - Instrument training
Modular
Dual IF - Aircraft 16
Dual IF - SPA Simulator 40
Dual IF - MPA Simulator 60
TOTAL 116
Myth #3 - Instrument training
Modular MPL
Dual IF - Aircraft 16 10
Dual IF - SPA Simulator 40 0
Dual IF - MPA Simulator 60 170
TOTAL 116 180
Myth #4 - Multi engine training
Modular
Dual MEP Aircraft 22
Dual MEP Simulator 40
Dual MET Simulator 60
TOTAL 122
Myth #4 - Multi engine training
Modular MPL
Dual MEP Aircraft 22 0
Dual MEP Simulator 40 0
Dual MET Simulator 60 170
TOTAL 122 170
Myth #5 - SOLO PIC time
Modular
PIC Solo - Aircraft 12
Myth #5 - SOLO PIC time
Modular MPL
PIC Solo - Aircraft 12 12
Myth #6 - RELEVANCE of hours
Modular
Dual - Aircraft 81
Dual SPA - Simulator 40
Dual MPA - Simulator 60
PIC Solo - Aircraft 12
‘Hours building’ - Aircraft 100
TOTAL 293
Myth #6 - RELEVANCE of hours
Modular MPL
Dual - Aircraft 81 58
Dual SPA - Simulator 40 0
Dual MPA - Simulator 60 170
PIC Solo - Aircraft 12 12
‘Hours building’ - Aircraft 100 0
TOTAL 293 240
4. Encouraging new MPL Enrolments
Why do they need encouragement?
SPA reversion ‘Safety Net’
1. Extra 58 hours PIC• 38 hours solo PIC• 20 Hours SPIC
2. SEP CPL Training & Test
3. MEP IR Training & Test
4. Extra 108 hours
SPA reversion ‘Safety Net’
Phase Activity Device Hours1 SEP SPIC TB20 Aircraft 20
1 SEP PIC Solo TB20 Aircraft 38
1 MEP Dual MEP FNPTI Simulator 35
1 MEP Dual PA34 Seneca Aircraft 15
TOTAL 108
Cost €30,000
SPA reversion ‘Safety Net’
Phase Activity Device Hours1 SEP SPIC TB20 Aircraft 20
1 SEP PIC Solo TB20 Aircraft 38
1 MEP Dual MEP FNPTI Simulator 35
1 MEP Dual PA34 Seneca Aircraft 15
TOTAL 108
Cost €30,000
Funded by either the FTO or Airline NOT the student
5. Opportunities to modernise
MODERNISE ATPL Theoretical Knowledge
MODERNISE ATPL Theoretical Knowledge
MODERNISE ATPL Theoretical Knowledge
MANDATE pre-assessment
Personality Profiling
Capacity & Motor skills
MANDATE pre-assessment
Team Skills Evidence of Team Participation
MANDATE UPSET RECOVERY training
Message to our MPL Regulator:
Mandate these 3 key improvements in MPL regulations and you WILL FURTHER ENHANCE FLIGHT SAFETY as a result!
In summary...1. MPL has now started and must
continue to live
2. MPL will deliver better airline pilots given airline support – PLEASE!
3. Don’t allow ‘legacy’ SPA attitudes to prevent further MPL progress
4. Don’t believe everything you are told about MPL – check for yourself!
5. Challenge the regulator to embrace further MPL evolution and MPL will DEFINITELY IMPROVE AIRLINE FLIGHT SAFETY – what more could one ask!
