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Oxy-Coal CFB Demonstration Project
Minish Shah, Dante Bonaquist, Stewart Mehlman – PraxairLoren Howard – Holland (Michigan) Board of Public WorksLoren Howard Holland (Michigan) Board of Public WorksHorst Hack – Foster WheelerJoel Sminchak – Battelle
1 t O f l C b ti C f1st Oxyfuel Combustion ConferenceCottbus, GermanySeptember 7 – 11, 2009
M ki l t d tiwww.praxair.com
Making our planet more productive
Copyright © 2009 Praxair Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Project Overview
78 MWe (gross) integrated oxy-coal CFB project 44 MWe net output with CCS 44 MWe net output with CCS >600,000 tons/year CO2 to be sequestered Test technologies optimized for commercial scale plant Test technologies optimized for commercial scale plant Impressive environmental performance
Near zero emissions with ~99% CO2 capture and >99% reduction in SOx/NOx/Hg/PM emissions compared to air-fired CFB
With the inclusion of biomass, the plant has the opportunity for a negative carbon footprintg p
Exceeds proposed long-term (2020) DOE Energy Policy Act goals Clean - no solvents needed
Applicable to retrofits Applicable to retrofits
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Project Participants and Roles
Holland Board of Public works – Host site Praxair – ASU and CPU (CO2 processing unit) Praxair – ASU and CPU (CO2 processing unit) Foster Wheeler – CFB BoilerBattelle – Sequestration managementBattelle Sequestration managementBlack and Veatch – Project management and EPCDTE Energy – Consultant, technical oversightgy , gAES, Southern, TVA – Advisory Panel EPRI – Consultant to Advisory Panel
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Holland, MI Oxycoal CFB Project Site Metropolitan population: 260,000 Municipal owned utility: formed in 1885 Generating capacity: >250 MWe Services: water, sewage, electric & cable Financial rating: Aa or better Financial rating: Aa or better
James De Young Generating Station 3 existing boilers generating 60MWe Addition of 78 MWe CFB unit planned PRB coal biomass & tired derived fuels PRB coal, biomass & tired derived fuels Goals: air quality, growth, competitiveness
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DOE Clean Coal Power Initiative
Targeting advanced coal based power technologies that capture and store > 300,000 tons/yr of CO2 with a minimum p , y 290% capture rate
In July ‘09 DOE selected 2 CCS projects for $400MM award Pre-combustion and post-combustion CO2 capture
DOE added ~$1B in awards, invited more proposals
Application for the Holland project submitted in August
Project awards will be announced in Q4 2009
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Project Timeline
Project Definition
Design
201120112011 201320132013 201420142014 201520152015 201620162016201220122012201120112011201020102010200920092009 201720172017
Design
Construction
Demonstration
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Commercialization Advance the state of the art for the oxy-combustion option Modular design of CFB will allow direct scale-up to a commercial scale plant T h l ill b d h l ti k CCS i ll i bl Technology will be ready when regulations make CCS economically viable
Largest UnitBy 2014*
Holland, MI2015
CommercialPlant 20202020
Air-fired CFB, MWe* 460+ 78 500
Oxy-fired CFB, MWe* 10 78 500O y ed C , e 0 8 500
ASU, tpd* 3,000+ ~1,700 8000+
CPU, tpd* 600 ~2,000 9000+
Coal power plant with CCS, CO2 tpy ~600,000 ~3,000,000
* Indicates experience of the project team members
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Oxy-Coal CFB Power Plant with CCS
Water
Vent
Flexi‐burnTM
CFBBoiler
FreshWater
Lime
Fuel
CO2
Nitrogen
Air
FGCondenser
Oxygen
Condensate
Ash
CO2 Processing Unit Pipeline & StorageAir Separation Unit Power Plant
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CFB Process Advantages
Feature Benefit Flue Gas1500-1700oF
Low furnace temperatures
- Low NOx- In-bed SO2 capture
1500-1700 F
H t i l ti
-Fuel flexibility (Biomass)- Ideal for Oxy-coal CCS
T l t t f l i ti1500-1700oF
Hot circulatingsolids
- Tolerant to fuel variations - Efficient heat transfer- Simple feed systems
Uniform heat flux
15-16 ft/sec
O id t
Long solidresidence time
- Uniform heat flux
- Good fuel burnout- Good sorbent Limestone
OxidantFuel
1/2” x 0residence time Good sorbent
utilizationOxidant
Limestone1/20” x 0
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CPU Schematics
Cold boxV t (AtVPSA
Cold boxVent
Vent (Atm gases,CO, moisture,
traces ofSOx and NOx)
CO2-Rich Flue Gas(>80% CO2 ondry basis)
H2OExpander
H2OColdBox
> 95% CO2(R id l t
dry basis)
Carbon
Dryer
90% CO capture with cold box alone
(Residual atm gases,Trace SOx, NOx, CO)25 – 35 bar
Beds
Hg
FG Cooler/Condenser
90% CO2 capture with cold box alone VPSA for recovering additional CO2
Increases CO2 capture rate to ~99%
Condensate(All of HCl & HF,
Some of PM, SOx, NOx & Hg)
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Manages air ingress Near-zero emissions
CO2 Storage – Geologic Framework
Michigan Basin – a regional geologic structure consisting of thick sequences of sedimentary rocks.y
Highly prospective geological sequestration system Mt. Simon Sandstone is the primary target at depths of ~5000 to 6000 ft Injection zone is overlaid by several confining layersj y g y
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CO2 Storage- Geologic Framework Initial geological evaluation of the site has been performed The site is in a promising area for CO2 storage because the Mt. Simon is ~1,000
ft thick with high permeability and porosity, supported by data from nearby injection wells and reservoir simulations.
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Reservoir Simulations Preliminary reservoir simulations of the CO2 injection and
storage process indicate the ability to inject over 600,000 tons g p y j ,CO2 per year in a single well.
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Regulatory Framework
Air permitCO2 injection permitCO2 injection permit LiabilityWorking closely with State of MichiganWorking closely with State of Michigan
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Summary
78 MWe Oxy-Coal CFB with CCS Enable direct scale-up to a larger scale CCS plant Enable direct scale-up to a larger scale CCS plantNear zero emissions of CO2, SOx, NOx and Hg Very promising geological storage site Very promising geological storage site Strong support from the State of Michigan
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