PACKET 11- DNA TECHNOLOGY

WHAT DO WE ALREADY KNOW ABOUT DNA?

DNA is __________ stranded DNA is made up of four bases: ____,

____,_____, and _____. The __________ of these bases is how

the genetic information is stored.

doubleA

T C Gorder

A DNA fingerprint is a unique pattern of bands formed by the fragments from an organism’s _______. Used for evidence at a ___________ scene. Used in establishing ____________________

between two individuals. Used in classification to compare closeness

between __________________________.

NOTES: DNA FINGERPRINTING

crimerelationshi

psdifferent species

DNA

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

Crime scene

Establishing Relationships

Comparing Species

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

To make DNA fingerprint two processes are typically used _____________________(restriction fragment

length polymorphism)- using a restriction enzyme to cut the DNA into small pieces.

Running DNA in a _______ Electrophoresis chamber. A gel is used to separate the pieces of DNA by _____________. The restriction enzyme cuts at a specific place, making a unique set of bands for each person’s DNA.

RFLP Analysis

gel

length

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

DNA from blood or other tissue is cut into various and __________ lengths by specific restriction enzymes (this is called RFLP Analysis).

unique

Next, a gel (with a consistency similar to gelatin) is formed; leaving small _______ (or holes) open at one end.

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

wells

Small amounts of _______samples (from the RFLP analysis) are placed into these wells (see diagram A, above).

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

DNA

The gel is placed into a solution and an electrical ________is run through the gel. The end of the gel with the wells in it is negatively charged and the opposite end is positively charged (see diagram B).

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

charge

The negatively charged DNA fragments travel toward the ___________end of the gel.

The _____________the fragment, the __________it moves through the gel. Fragments that are the ____________from the well are the smallest.

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

positiveshorter

furtherfarthest

A ________ which sticks to DNA is put on the gel. This allows the bands appear clearly

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

stain

The end result is a unique __________________or “DNA fingerprints” in the gel.

HOW DO WE MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT?

banding pattern