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EOC PRACTICEQUESTIONS

#4

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Bio.2.1.2 Analyze the survival and reproductive success of organisms in terms of

behavioral, structural, and reproductive adaptations.

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Animal-like protists are classified according to the way that they__________.

• move

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______________are false feet on an ameba.

• Pseudopods

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__________ hairlike oars on a paramecium

• Cilia

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__________ whiplike projection on euglena

• Flagella

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Food is taken into a _________ - known as (________ and _________) digested by ________and wastes are excreted out of the cell in a _______ - known as (______)

• Vacuole• Endocytosis• phagocytosis• Lysosomes• Vacuole• Exocytosis

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Most protists reproduce asexually by________. Under stressful

conditions they may reproduce sexually by __________to increase

variation.

• Binary fission• conjugation

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Mosquitos bite humans and get ________which cause malaria. The sporozoans reproduce in the

_______ cells and enter the bloodstream. They multiply in red blood cells causing them to burst.

Mosquitos bite another human and spread the disease. People that are _________for sickle cell

do not get malaria.

• Sporozoa• Liver• heterozygous

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Another name for plant-like protists is _______. They are able to _________________.

• Algae

• photosynthesize

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The final group of protists is _______ - like . Their cell wall

is not made of chitin.

• fungal

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Segmented worms like the earthworm are called _____________ which means

“little rings.”

• annelids

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They have a _____ circulatory system with blood circulating through a ______ vessel to the tail and back through a _______ vessel.

• Closed

• Dorsal

• ventral

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The earthworms have a pharynx that pumps food into the

esophagus and a crop which is used as ___________.

• storage

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The _______ serves as the grinder and then wastes in the form of

_______ make their way out of the anus. They are rich in _________

improving the soil.

• Gizzard

• Casts• nitrogen

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Earthworms exchange gases through their moist ________.

• skin

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Earthworms move by ______ _______ of the circular muscles in the septa and the longitudinal muscles that run the

length of the worm.

• muscle contractions

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______ are bristles on each segment that help to hold the

worm in place and move.

• Setae

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Earthworms tunnel through soil allowing _______ and ______

to move through it easily.

• oxygen

• water

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_________ are organisms that have jointed feet.

• Arthropods

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The largest group of invertebrates is _____. They have 3 body parts, six legs and a exoskeleton made out of

__________.

• Insects

• chitin

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egg, nymph, adult

• Incomplete metamorphosis

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egg, larvae, pupa, adult

• Complete metamorphosis

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Some insects feed on plants making them _______. Some feed on animals like mosquitos and fleas making them_____.Some feed on dead organic matter making them ____________.

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

• decomposers

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Insects have compound eyes. They also have chemical receptors to detect scents called __________.

• pheromones

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Amphibian means_______.

• Double or dual life

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To reproduce, female amphibians lay gel-like ______ in water and the male swims over

and fertilizes them.

• eggs

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What is true about the number of eggs and sperm for external

fertilization? • Must lay many eggs and have many

sperm to ensure species continuation

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The larval stage of frog metamorphosis is the

_______. • tadpole

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They get oxygen from the water through _____. Adult

amphibians breath through their moist _____ and_______.

• Gills• Skin• lungs

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There are 2 circulation loops, from the heart to the lungs and from the

heart to the body. Their heart has __ atria and __ ventricles

• 2

• 1

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Amphibians maintain their body temperature externally and are called_______. Their

thin moist skin makes them a good indicator of pollution.

• Ectotherms

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Mammals feed their young using _______ glands. They have a _____chamber heart.

They use _______to breathe.

• Mammary

• 4

• lungs

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They maintain their body temperature internally and are

called _____________.• endotherms

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Egg laying mammals• monotremes

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Give birth to immature young that go to a pouch to finish development

• marsupials

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Give birth to well-developed young

• placental mammals

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Non-vascular plants do not have _______ (carries water) and ________(carries food) and have to stay close to the ground in moist places

to survive. An example is _________.

• Xylem

• Phloem• mosses

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Ferns grow taller because they have a _______ bundle (vein,

xylem and phloem).

• vascular

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Cycling between a sporophyte and a gametophyte generation is

called ______________.• alternation of generations

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Vascular plants that are conifers and evergreens and have seeds outside in a cone are called ________. Their ______ are leaves shaped to reduce

water loss.

• Gymnosperms

• needles

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Vascular plants that have flowers and seeds inside the fruit are

called____________.

• angiosperms

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Roots on plants in dry environments are _____ and ______. There are many of them to absorb more water quickly when it rains.

• Shallow

• fibrous

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Broad flat leaves allow more _____ to be captured for

photosynthesis.

• sun

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Cacti have spines to protect the plant from _______ and to

conserve __________.

• Insects

• water

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Acting like a predator verses the prey is called _________.

• mimicry

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Blending into surroundings is called:

• camouflage

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A disease causing agent like bacteria, viruses, protists and fungi are called __________.

• pathogens

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Most bacteria are beneficial like ________ and ___________.

• Decomposers

• nitrogen fixing bacteria

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You also have good bacteria in your intestines to help with

___________ and produce some vitamins

• digestion

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Harmful bacteria harm cells by damaging tissue or producing poisons that travel through the

body called_______.

• toxins

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The picture below is a _______ and it is a _______ often used in

genetic engineering.

• Bacteriophage

• Virus

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Hemophilia, Sickle cell, Down’s syndrome, Colorblindness, and Cystic Fibrosis are all ___________ and __________.

• genetic diseases

• noncommunicable

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Tapeworms, ascaris, hookworms, viruses are all

types of ______.

• parasites

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Ringworm is caused by a

• fungus

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Botulism is caused by a _______ the secretes a toxin that

makes you sick• bacteria

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T-cells direct the immune response. They are suppressor, helper, memory and killer cells that ______ and ______ infected

cells.

• Attack

• Eat (Phagocytosis)

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B-cells make ______ which react with ________ which are protein markers on the outside of cells. There are also memory B cells.

• Antibodies

• antigens

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Bacterial infections can be killed with drugs called _________.

Viruses cannot.

• antibiotics

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_______ are dead or weakened forms of the antigen that allow the body to

make antibodies prior to being exposed to the strong form of the

antigen.

• Vaccines

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_______ immunity is formed when antibodies are received from another source such as

mother’s milk or a shot.

• Passive

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________ immunity is formed when your body makes antibodies to fight antigens in your body like

when sick or a vaccine is received.

• Active or aquired

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Behavior organisms are born with is called ________.

• innate

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An internal feeling or knowing

• instinct

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An automatic response

• reflex

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24 hour cycle

• circadian rhythm

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Urinating on a tree, fighting to protect mate or resources

• territoriality

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Seasonal movement to find food and a better place to raise

young

• migration

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Slowdown of metabolism and inactivity when it is cold out

• hibernation

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Slowdown in metabolism and inactivity when it is hot

• estivation

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Dances, songs, coloration

• courtship behavior

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Behavior that is taught or established through

experience• learned behavior

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Stimulus associated to a response like Pavlov’s dog

• conditioning

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Repetitive behavior with a reward

• trial and error learning

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Continuously being given a stimulus until it is ignored

• habituation

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Learning based on prior knowledge or reasoning

• insight learning

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Animal forming an attachment to another animal usually at

birth

• imprinting