Page 1Version 1.0 IEEE802.11-11-864-000r0 Overview of IEEE 802.11 WLAN EEE 802 IEEE 802.11 Overview...

Page 1Version 1.0 IEEE802.11-11-864-000r0 Overview of IEEE 802.11 WLAN

EEE802

IEEE 802.11Overview of IEEE 802.11Wireless Local Area Networks

Rolf de Vegt


EEE802

This document provides an Overview for ISO/JTC1/SC6 of IEEE802.11, Global Market impact of 802.11 based products and services and 802.11 standardization projects currently underway

Abstract


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Topics

• IEEE Working Group 802.11• Symbiotic relationship between IEEE802.11

and Wi-Fi Alliance• Success in global proliferation of 802.11 based

technology• International participation in 802.11• Highlights of existing 802.11 standards• New 802.11 projects in the standardization

pipeline


EEE802

IEEE 802 Organization

Standards Activities Board

IEEE Standards Association

802.3CSMA/CDEthernet

802.5Token

Passing Ring

802.11Wireless

WLAN

802.15WirelessPersonal

Area Networks

802.20Mobile

BroadbandWirelessAccess

802.19Co-existence

TAG

SponsorIEEE 802

Local and Metropolitan Area Networks(LMSC)

Sponsor Sponsor Sponsor

802.17ResilientPacketRing

802.18Radio

RegulatoryTAG

802.16Broadband

WirelessBroadband

Access

802.21Media

IndependentHandoff

802.1HigherLayerLAN

Protocols

802.22WirelessRegional

AreaNetworksIEEE 802.11: ~500 Participants

Voting Members ~300www.ieee802.org/11


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Wi-Fi Alliance facilitates market adoption of IEEE802.11 based technology

• International trade association of more than 400 computing, handset, consumer electronics makers and service providers

• Industry leader and collaboration forum, innovating for 11 years to meet the needs of a wide variety of users and use environments

• Enabling worldwide Wi-Fi® adoption and inclusion in a wide array of devices through testing, market building, and regulatory programs

• Wi-Fi CERTIFIED™ products deliver advanced technology, the best user experience and the latest security protections

Spon

sor M

embe

rs li

sted

at t

op.

Full

list o

f mem

ber c

ompa

nies

at w

ww

.wi-fi

.org

Source: Wi-Fi Alliance


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Broad distribution of Wi-Fi Alliance Membership by Industry and Geography



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New applications and devices, unprecedented demand for product testing

•More than 10,000 product certifications to date

•2010 set a new certification volume benchmark at 2,357 product certifications – up 61% from 2009

•2,900+ products certified to support next-generation Wi-Fi CERTIFIED n

•1000 Wi-Fi CERTIFIED mobile handsets to date, including 300+ with Wi-Fi CERTIFIED n

•All Wi-Fi CERTIFIED products have WPA2 security protections

•Growing more than 50% annually; 2011 product certifications on track to surpass 3,000

Wi-Fi CERTIFIED Quick Facts



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Wi-Fi adoption cycle driving an explosionof products & applications

Refrigerator

LCD/Plasma TVs

Projector

E-book Reader

Internet Radio/Audio

Media Viewer

Blu-ray Player

Network Music Player/Server

Network Web Camera

Photo Frames

WAN

Automobile



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802.11 based market volume; 1 BN in 2011, 2 BN in 2015

• Around 1 BN 802.11WLAN Units to be shipped this year

• Projection for 2 BN Unitsin 2015

• Majority of Wi-Fi devices shipping today support the latest form of Wi-Fi technology(802.11n)

• Wi-Fi CERTIFIED n deliversperformance, range, and robustness to meet the needsof demanding enterprise, consumer and carrier applications

Source: ABI Research, May 2010

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Shi

pm

ents

(Mill

ions

)

Wi-Fi Chipset Shipments, by Protocol(ABI Research, May 2010)

802.11n 802.11a/g 802.11g 802.11a 802.11b



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With data-hungry devices growing fast, hotspots and wireless cities are more important than ever

• Service providers worldwide are investing heavily in Wi-Fi hotspots, zones and Wireless cities to complement cellular WAN

• Today’s 750,000 hotspots worldwide expected to more than double by 2014• China Mobile recently announced plans to deploy 1 million Wi-Fi hotspots by 2013

• Device and infrastructure makers are announcing new products to help service providers offload users from cellular networks to Wi-Fi



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IEEE 802.11 and the WLAN Industry in general is Global in its Orientation and Operation

• Initial development (802.11b) originated in Europe (Netherlands)• Subsequent PHY projects (.11g and .11n) spearheaded by North

American companies• Recent PHY projects (.11ac, .11ad, .11af, .11ah) include active

participants from a large number of countries• For example the recent submission for the creation of Draft 1.0 of

802.11ac (doc 11/1361) lists participants from the following companies:– Broadcom (USA) - Marvell (USA)– Celeno (Israel) - Mediatek (Taiwan)– Cisco (USA) - Qualcomm (USA)– ETRI (South Korea) - Radrix (Japan)– Huawei (China) - Realtek (Taiwan)– Intel (USA) - Samsung (South Korea)– Kyushi Institute (Japan) - ST Ericsson (Italy / France)– LG Electronics (South Korea) - ZTE (China)


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802.11 Architecture Overview

• Multiple Over the Air PHY options

• One common MAC

802.11 MAC802.11 MAC

bb gg nn acac adadaa afaf ahah


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802.11 PHY Project Timeline and Speeds

100 Kbps

1 Mbps

10 Mbps

100 Mbps

1 Gbps

10 Gbps

100 Gbps

80 90 00 1085 95 05 15

Original

a

b

g

n

adac

10 yearyardstick

802.3(Ethernet)milestones

802.11milestones

Calendar Year


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Summary of Major MAC Projects

• D – Country information• E - QoS• F – Inter AP communication• H – DFS,TPC Spectrum sharing with radars in 5GHz• J – Japan spectrum @ 4.9 GHz• K – Radio Measurement• P – Vehicular Environments• R – Fast roaming• S – MESH Networking• U – Inter-Networking• V – Network Management• W – Secure Management Frames• Z – Tunneled Direct Link• AA – Video Transport• AE – QoS for Management Frames• AI – Fast Initial Link Setup


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802.11ac: Very High Throughput in the 5GHz Frequency Band

• Scope of 802.11ac is Updates to both PHY and Mac to enable:

• A multi-station network throughput of at least 1 Gbps

• A maximum single link throughput of at least 500 Mbps

• Below 6GHz carrier frequency operation, excluding 2.4GHz operation

I.e. 5 GHz operation generally, using same spectrum in use for .11a and .11n

• Status:– Working Group Ballot on Draft 1.0– Program projected to be finalized in Q4

2013– Wi-Fi Alliance is developing a .11ac

Interoperability Certification program

New Technologies:• Wider channel bandwidths

• 80 and 160 MHz

• More spatial streams • up to 8 SS, vs. 4 in .11n

• Multi-user MIMO (‘SDMA’)• multiple STAs, each with potentially multiple

antennas, transmit or receive independent data streams simultaneously

• Modulation• 256-QAM, rate ¾ and 5/6, added as

optional modes)

• Tx Beamforming• Single sounding and feedback format for

beamforming

• Coexistence• Coexistence mechanisms for 20/40/80/160

MHz channels, 11ac and 11a/n devices


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Examples of new configurations enabled by .11ac

Scenario* Typical Client Form-factor

Link Rate AggregateCapacity

1 Tx AP, 1 Rx, 80MHz Handheld 433 Mbps 433 Mbps

2 Tx AP, 2 Rx, 80 MHz Tablet, Laptop 867 Mbps 867 Mbps

1 Tx AP, 1 Rx, 160MHz Handheld 867 Mbps 867 Mbps

2 Tx AP, 2 Rx, 160 MHz Tablet, Laptop 1.73 Gbps 1.73 Gbps

4 Tx AP, 4 1-Rx STAs,160 MHz Handheld 867 Mbps to each STA

3.47 Gbps

8 Tx AP; 160MHz•1 4-Rx STA•1 2-RX STAs•2 1-RX STAs

DTV, STB, Tablet, PC, Handheld

3.47 Gbps to 4-RX STA; 1.73 Gbps to 2-RX STA; 867 Mbps to each 1-RX STA

6.9 Gbps

8 Tx AP; 4 2-Rx STAs, 160 MHz DTV, Tablet, Laptop, PC

1.73 Gbps to each STA

6.9 Gbps

* All scenarios assume 245 QAM Modulation, and rate 5/6 coding


EEE802

802.11ad: Very High Throughput in the 60 GHz Frequency Band

• The 60 GHz ISM band provides the opportunity for much wider band channels than in <6 GHz enabling single link throughputs greater than 1 Gbps

• Fast session transfer provides seamless rate fall back between VHT and 802.11n for multi-band devices

• As an amendment to 802.11, .11ad VHT maintains the 802.11 user experience;– maintaining the network

architecture of the 802.11 system– Reuse and maintain backward

compatibility to 802.11 management plane

• E.g. association, authentication, security, measurement, capability exchange, MIB

• Key motivation is the large amount of globally available unlicensed spectrum in the 60GHz frequency band

• Status:– Currently in Working Group Letterballot on

Draft 3.0– Projected to be finalized in Q4 2012– Wi-Fi Alliance developing an interoperability

certification program

Australia

China

Korea

Japan

EU

Canada

USA

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67

Spectrum Allocation (GHz)


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Summary of 802.11ad (60GHz) Enhancements

Item Feature Technical details

Network architecture

Infra-BSS, IBSS, PBSS Backward compatibility to 802.11 + native WPAN support

Medium access Scheduled access and contention access

Enables both the low power and the high performance devices

Power saving Advanced power saving techniques

Can be more power efficient than today’s 802.11

Security mechanism

GCMP Secure communication at Gbps rates

PHY SC and OFDM, with common preamble and coding

• Up to 7Gbps with OFDM

• Up to 4.6Gbps with SC

Beamforming Unified and flexible beamforming scheme

Enables robust communication at ranges beyond 10m

Fast session transfer

Multi-band operation across 2.4/5/60 GHz

Built-in efficient and seamless support for multi-band radios


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802.11ae QoS for Management Frames

Scope of .11ae• This project will consider the classification and prioritization of

management frames

Background and Purpose• All IEEE 802.11 MAC management frames are transmitted at the highest priority. • Previous amendments ‘k’, ‘y’, ‘w’, ‘v’, and ‘u’ have introduced features that rely on

management frames, which are essential for network operation. • In some cases, the management traffic will contend with network data traffic and

reduce the performance of certain WLAN applications. • Providing a mechanism to prioritize management frames will enable improved

performance of IEEE 802.11 networks• This project will consider management frames that are used in both pre- and post-

association.

• Status:– Just completed working group ballot on 3rd draft– Projected to be finalized during H1 2012


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802.11af - Operation in the TV White Spaces

Context:• With the global transition to Digital TV (DTV), sub-Gigahertz RF spectrum is becoming

available, much of it for unlicensed, license exempt and/or lightly licensed use

Objective:• Make the necessary MAC and PHY changes to enable 802.11 products to take advantage

of this additional spectrum

Examples:• On November 4, 2008, the United States FCC approved Report & Order 08-260, allowing

unlicensed use of TV band spectrum, in accordance with Part 15. Subpart H of FCC rules• Ofcom (UK) is in the process of making this Digital Dividend band available• EU has conducted a consultation on the band

Status:• Produced draft 1.0 – completed first ballot in February 2011• Dependency on .11ac PHY definition since .11ac PHY is expected to be the basis for the

802.11af PHY


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TGah – Sub 1 GHz Operation• Project proposes to use unlicensed spectrum below 1 GHz globally • Project targeting longer range, lower power consumption, lower throughput

WLAN applications• Initial set of Use Cases cover:

– Sensors and Metering– Backhaul for Sensors and Metering– Extended Range Wi-Fi

• Expected to define narrower bandwidth operation compared to typical 802.11 WLAN

• Status: – Adopted first version of Use Case document– Developing Channel Model document and Functional Requirements– Projecting letter-ballot on first draft in July 2012– Projected completion, July 2014


EEE802

TG ai (Fast Initial Link Set Up) Context:

• The project's primary need comes from an environment where mobile users are constantly entering and leaving the coverage area of an existing extended service set (ESS)

• Every time a device enters an ESS the devices hat to conduct an initial link set-up to establish WLAN connectivity.

Objectives:

• Define efficient mechanisms that:(a) scale with a high number of users simultaneously entering an ESS

(b) minimize the time spent within the initial link set-up phase

(c) securely provide initial authentication

• Optimizations may include improvements to:– access point / network discovery

– secure authentication,

– mechanisms to support concurrency in the exchange of higher layer protocol messages during the authentication phase

Status:

• Taskgroup started January 2011


EEE802

Recap

• The IEEE802.11 Working Group has a very strong record in creating global standards for WLAN applications that are shipping in high volume, enabling usages that are highly valued by customers

• In conjunction with the Wi-Fi Alliance, IEEE 802.11 is seen as a world class example for effectively creating and implementing global standards

• The IEEE802.11 family of standards is:– Coherently designed with from a mindset of global interoperability and

coexistence

– Broad in its design of to meet multiple application area requirements (e.g. Mesh, Network Management, Video transport)

– Rapidly evolving to enable new usages and global spectrum opportunities

• IEEE802.11 has been International with a global scope from its inception and has been open and responsive to inputs from participants across the globe

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