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Title it: Title it: –The Mongol ExpansionThe Mongol Expansion

Chapter 15.3 The Mongols in China (pages 423-429)

Chapter 15.3 The Mongols in China (pages 423-249)

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The Mongol ExpansionThe Mongol ExpansionThe Mongols, a nomadic The Mongols, a nomadic people from the steppe, people from the steppe, conquer settled societies conquer settled societies

across much of Asia.across much of Asia.

Nomads of the Asian SteppeNomads of the Asian Steppe

Geography of the SteppeGeography of the Steppe– Steppe—dry grassland of Eurasia—Steppe—dry grassland of Eurasia—

provides home for nomads.provides home for nomads.– Two main expanses: Central Asia to Two main expanses: Central Asia to

eastern Europe, and Mongolia.eastern Europe, and Mongolia.– Steppe has little rain, dramatic seasonal Steppe has little rain, dramatic seasonal

temperature differences.temperature differences.

Visual 1 of Asian steppesVisual 1 of Asian steppes

The Nomadic Way of LifeThe Nomadic Way of Life– Steppe nomads are Steppe nomads are

pastoralists—herd pastoralists—herd domesticated animals.domesticated animals.

– Way of life teaches Asian Way of life teaches Asian nomads to be skilled horse nomads to be skilled horse riders.riders.

– Nomads travel in clans—kin Nomads travel in clans—kin groups are linked by a groups are linked by a common ancestor.common ancestor.

Visual 2 nomadic tentsVisual 2 nomadic tents

Steppe Nomads and Steppe Nomads and Settled SocietiesSettled Societies– Nomads and people Nomads and people

living in settled living in settled communities often communities often interact.interact.

– Some interactions are Some interactions are peaceful, as in trade.peaceful, as in trade.

– Sometimes nomads Sometimes nomads raid towns and cities to raid towns and cities to seize wealth and seize wealth and goods.goods.

– Strong state or empire Strong state or empire could protect its lands could protect its lands from these invasions.from these invasions.

Genghis Khan timelineGenghis Khan timeline

Describing:Describing: Complete the time line with details Complete the time line with details about Genghis Khan and the Mongol invaders.about Genghis Khan and the Mongol invaders.

1206:___________________________________1206:___________________________________

1211:___________________________________1211:___________________________________

1227:___________________________________1227:___________________________________

1260: _________________________________1260: _________________________________

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The Rise of the MongolsThe Rise of the Mongols

Genghis Khan Unites the MongolsGenghis Khan Unites the Mongols– A.D. 1206 A meeting of Mongol leaders A.D. 1206 A meeting of Mongol leaders

in the Gobi desert results in Temujin in the Gobi desert results in Temujin begin elected Genghis Khan or “strong begin elected Genghis Khan or “strong ruler” – uniting the Mongol clans ruler” – uniting the Mongol clans

– In early 1200s, he begins a campaign of In early 1200s, he begins a campaign of conquest.conquest.

– In 1211 thousands of Mongol horsemen In 1211 thousands of Mongol horsemen invade Chinainvade China

– By 1225, Genghis Khan controls central By 1225, Genghis Khan controls central Asia, including the Silk RoadAsia, including the Silk Road

Genghis the Genghis the ConquerorConqueror– A brilliant organizer A brilliant organizer

and strategist.and strategist.– Uses brutality to Uses brutality to

terrorize his terrorize his enemies and force enemies and force surrenders.surrenders.

The Mongol EmpireThe Mongol Empire

Death and SuccessionDeath and Succession– Genghis Khan dies in 1227.Genghis Khan dies in 1227.– The Mongols conquer territory from The Mongols conquer territory from

China to Poland.China to Poland.– Sons take over and split up territories Sons take over and split up territories

and army-Successors continue and army-Successors continue conquests for 50 years.conquests for 50 years.

The KhanatesThe Khanates– In east, Mongols conquer northern China In east, Mongols conquer northern China

and invade Korea.and invade Korea.– In west, Mongols take Kiev and threaten In west, Mongols take Kiev and threaten

Vienna and Venice.Vienna and Venice.– In 1250s, Mongols turn their attention to In 1250s, Mongols turn their attention to

Persia.Persia.– By 1260, Mongol Empire split into By 1260, Mongol Empire split into

khanates of four regions.khanates of four regions.

khanates of four regionskhanates of four regions

Khanate of the Great Khan (Mongolia & China)

Khanate of the Golden Horde (Russia)

Chagatai Khanate (Central Asia)

Ilkhanate (Persia)

The Mongols as RulersThe Mongols as Rulers– Mongol rulers are tolerant of other Mongol rulers are tolerant of other

peoples and cultures.peoples and cultures.– Some Mongols adopt local ways, leading Some Mongols adopt local ways, leading

to a split among khanates.to a split among khanates. The Mongol PeaceThe Mongol Peace

– Peaceful period from mid-1200s to mid-Peaceful period from mid-1200s to mid-1300s is called Pax Mongolica.1300s is called Pax Mongolica.

– There was much east-west trade and There was much east-west trade and exchange of ideas during this period.exchange of ideas during this period.

Evaluating: Evaluating: Were the Mongols good Were the Mongols good or bad rulers of the Chinese empire? or bad rulers of the Chinese empire? Give examples to support your Give examples to support your answer. answer. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________