Lets TRADE!! European countries were trading with places like
Africa and Asia. Africa had gold, ivory, salt, and slaves. Asia had
silk and spices. Prices were being marked up by merchants along
land routes. Europeans wanted to find a water route so they could
trade directly.
Slide 4
1492 Columbus sailed The king and queen of Spain agreed to pay
for Columbus trip. Columbus landed in the Bahamas. He called the
natives Indians. Although his journey was not very productive, he
boasted about the great riches to be had in this new land. More
countries were drawn to the New World.
Slide 5
Reasons for European Exploration G G G God Gold Glory
Slide 6
Reasons for European Exploration Spain - Portugal - England -
France Religion Fame National Pride Curiosity Wealth Faster/Cheaper
trade routes to Asia
Slide 7
Columbian Exchange OLD WORLD NEW WORLD Corn, potatoes, tobacco
Horses, cattle, pigs DISEASES OOPS!
Slide 8
Search for the Northwest Passage Explorers were looking for a
water route to the Pacific Ocean. This would allow ships to sail
from the Atlantic to the Pacific. They never found a way. This
route wasnt found until 1903!
Slide 9
Coming to America Many countries sought the New World and its
riches. Different countries/groups came over for different reasons:
French Trappers/Traders British Farmers Dutch Businesses Spanish
Missions Africans - Slaves
Slide 10
Protestant Reformation There was a religious movement in Europe
in a effort to reform the Catholic Church King Henry VIII founded
the Church of England Religious persecution soon followed Religion
was forced on many citizens of various countries This brought many
religious groups to the colonies Especially New England and Middle
Colonies
Slide 11
Why colonize? Religious Freedom** Political Freedom Economic
Opportunity Social Mobility A better way of life
Slide 12
Jamestown 1607 Jamestown was the first English Colony.
Jamestown was first settled by Mostly men. There were many problems
faced by the colonist. They were not prepared for the difficulties.
Pocahontas married John Rolfe. This made peace between the
colonists and the Native Americans. She greatly helped the
colonists survive. John Rolfe had tobacco seeds, which flourished
in the soil. This became a cash crop in Virginia.
Slide 13
Plymouth 1620 The Pilgrims came over on a ship called The
Mayflower. They came over for religious freedom. They signed a
document called the Mayflower Compact. The Mayflower Compact
stressed the idea of self-government and majority rule. It was used
as an example for Representative Government.
Slide 14
Religious Groups Immigrated to flee religious persecution
Separatists/Pilgrims Massachusetts Puritans Massachusetts Quakers
Pennsylvania Catholics - Maryland
Slide 15
Ethnic Groups Dutch (New York) Economic reasons Swedes
(Delaware) Economic reasons English Religious and political
reasons
Slide 16
Racial Groups Europeans Africans(enslaved)
Slide 17
Becoming British A series of wars in Europe made Britain the
dominate force in America with the 13 colonies. Britain saw the
colonies as a resource to benefit the mother country.
Slide 18
New England Colonies: Access to waterways High population
density and large urban areas Shipbuilding and manufacturing region
ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES: Cause- long winters, rocky soil, forests
Effect Subsistence farming, shipbuilding, fishing
Slide 19
New England Colonies Physical Characteristics Atlantic Ocean,
subsistence farming, poor soil, cold climate, forest Human
Characteristics Economic- raw materials, logging, fishing,
shipbuilding Political town meetings, representative government
Social small coastal towns (Boston, only large city) Religious -
Puritans
Slide 20
Middle Colonies Access to waterways High population density and
large urban areas Agriculture and cattle producing ECONOMIC
DIFFERENCES Cause shorter winters, fertile soil, good ports,
natural resources Effect farming (staple crops), trade, large
immigrant population
Slide 21
Middle Colonies Physical Characteristics Rich soil, broad, deep
rivers, more natural ports, river valleys, mild winters, raw
materials, Atlantic Ocean Human Characteristics Economic large
farms, logging, fishing, shipbuilding Political more tolerance
Social small coastal towns (Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York were
large cities) Religious Quakers, Catholics
Slide 22
Southern Colonies Abundant amount of fertile soil Low
population density, farms Cash-crop agricultural area (cotton,
indigo, rice, tobacco) ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES Cause warm climate and
good soil Effect plantation system and large slave system
Slide 23
Southern Colonies Physical Characteristics Appalachian
Mountains, navigable rivers, richer soil, warm climate, raw
materials Human Characteristics Economic plantations Political more
slaves, more class-based society Social small coastal towns
(Savannah, Charleston were the large cities) Religious Church of
England, Catholics(Maryland), more diverse
Slide 24
13 Colonies Geography was the primary cause for economic
differences.
Slide 25
Appalachian Mountains These mountains acted as a barrier for
the colonies. Most colonists did not cross this region.
Slide 26
Plantation System Large amount of land available in the
Southern colonies Rich soil Almost year-round growing season Ideal
for plantation crops (tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton) With enough
labor they could be grown as cash crops
Slide 27
Transatlantic Slave Trade Started in the British West Indes
Provided a labor force for the sugar plantations The map shows
major slave trading regions, 15 th -19 th centuries
Slide 28
Spread of Slavery Demand for rice, indigo, tobacco, and cotton
Led to plantation owners needing more slaves The slave system
increased Indentured Servants colonists who could not pay their way
over to America, so they agreed to serve for four to seven years.
After their time was served, they were free colonists. Slaves
became more popular because they could not earn their freedom. The
south was agrarian, and slaves kept the plantations
profitable.
Slide 29
Impact of Slavery South Economic factor Slaves viewed as
property and labor supply Aided in the development of the
plantation system and agrarian South
Slide 30
Factors on Slaves and Free Blacks Slaves Political no political
voice, no rights Economic labor of the plantation system,
considered property, children considered property and sold with no
regard to parents Social viewed as property, viewed outside the
American identity Free Blacks Political no political voice,
limited/restricted rights Economic low wage earners Social lowest
social class, limited access to education, socially isolated
Slide 31
Triangular Trade
Slide 32
First Great Awakening A major religious revival Democratized
the Protestant faith by proclaiming salvation for all. Stimulated
growth in all denominations Assured the common man could have
salvation as well as those predestined Churches welcomed minority
groups, women, African Americans, and Native Americans
Communication increased between the colonies It contributed to the
revolutionary idea of independence from Britain years later.
Slide 33
Where will settlements be? And what about the Natives? Physical
geographic factors Proximity to Atlantic coastline determined where
settlements/colonies were created Human geographic factors Removal
of Native Americans, disease and conflict How do we solve this
conflict with the Natives? Treaty system
Slide 34
Contributions of Women Political Pocahontas helped John Smith
and the European settlers in Virginia Social Anne Hutchinson led
Bible studies against the orders of church leaders
Slide 35
The Development of Religious Freedom 1620- Plymouth Colony
Self-governing church with each congregation independent and
electing its own pastor and officers 17 th Century Massachusetts
Bay Churches also fairly democratic in that they elected ministers
and other officers, but church closely tied with state government
1631 Roger Williams founded Rhode Island Separated church and state
1681-1776 Penns Frames of Government Guaranteed religious freedom
to all settlers in Pennsylvania 1689 Toleration Acts Maryland
founded as a haven for Catholics 1791 Bill of Rights added to the
Constitution