.N5W74^__

^^

PAIITDE0|

N06G)K11KEIQIS

CONVINCEdealer,

us that you are, have been, or In' and we will place you in a positi*^ hands, and send you our various publi'

big illustrated

CATALDSUEThe acknowledged leader of published annually for 34 years. and standard authority in the New York market for choice and reliable goods, latest and staple designs, and lowest prices infashions

fHiAi^i:>^li:^!#.Vt>lML-t.V4>tilfl T7ni?DIAMONDS WATCHES JEWELRY SILVERWAREOIL PAINTINGS

CLOCKS CUT GLASSPIANOSFINE CHINA

SILVER NOVELTIESEtc., Etc.

MUSICAL MDSE. OPTICAL GOODSEtc., Etc.

S.F.MYERS COManufacturers, E^cporters, Importers, and Wholesale Jewelers,

8. F.

MYERS BUILDING mYiLVI NEW YORKiii

!

Take YourChoiceThis splendid old high grade whiskey is known from sea to sea and has many patrons in theold

world.

An

abso-

lutely pure whiskey.rich

and mellow, possessingthat delightful bouquet

noticeable only in aged

whiskeys.

Ten longis al-

years "Glenfesk"

For One Gallon in a

lowed to mellow before it is placed on the market. There is a full BottlcSguaranteesale.

Handsome Woven CaneDemijohn

with every For over a quarter

century

Glenfesk

Rye Whiskeyhas been used by connoisseurs

who

find

no other brand

We

pay charges and send by express

to suit as well. either four full quart bottles

of "Glenfesk" $3.10, or a gallon in this handsome demijohn for $3.00. A cut goblet in every shipment. Bear in mina we are distillers, and in buying "Glenfesk" you get it direct, saving all middlemen's profits.

We

Write name and address ship in perfectly plain packages. References All banks and express companies. plainly when ordering.

Donoghue ImportingRochester, N. Y.

Co.,

Orders for Ariz, Cal.. Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex.. Ore., Utah, Wash., or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 quarts for $4.00 by express prepaid, or 5 gallons for $15.00 freight prepaid.

Flll[!!l

WI1I[RI!!

liVES!!!PROTECm

UM Wlmedium and moderatesional use.

m

MSOIOTE

A fire and water proof vault is just as indispensable in the home or in your a'partment as in the ortice. We make the only practical and completeline of absolutely tire proof,

water proof, damp proof, rust proof, thief proof, priced vaults for home, apartment, orlice, and profes-

WB

StLL A VAULT FOR AS

LOW

AS

$8.uO.

SOLD FOR CASH OR ON MONTHLY PAYMENTSwill accept as low as $100 down, and you can pay the biilance to suit your convenience -or sold for cash direct to consumers where we have no dealers. mal; i many desirable sizes of

We

We

No.

1

or

1

1^

.Vo.

2 or 3

sL/j

Friedenwald's Buchu-Ginin part, ofis

is

composed,leaves.It

Gin and Buchu

a wonderful solvent of uric acid and a most effective cure for all diseases of the Kidneys,V'V^

Liver, Blood, and Urinary Organs, Female Complaints and IrreguIt

larities.y.'^:--*- ;-'*'//'

contains no opiates, narcotics,

mercury, or injurious drugs.CCLEanATEO-

-Jf^.'

-

^

ITCURES-.-V;

,iTCntv

'USJa,

-:

iwusr.

CURES5?4A"j

M

7i

Catarrh of the Bladder,i^;;'iMC Ol.3S TAKEN 3 (JR TiMES A ,^ .IS W4TEP. 0 MAKE. A HOT-CINK Of 'fO** i'tXj,Bf"'

Weak Kidneys,Torpid Liver,Sleeplessness,

Retention of the L'rine,

^-

Overplus of Uric Acid,

\^PRICES1.00 PER BOTTLE.

V'

Female Complaints,Pain in Urination,

Rheumatism,Foul Breath,

I^^.FRIEDENWALD AGO.?Jf!^'BAiyriMORE,>lD.U.S.A.-

'-:.

^^JUjTKjNrBtWARE OF FRAUDULENT SO-CAlU" '^.V. "T10lt;. ;nON genuine WITHOUT OUR !''"'"'" s.'-fS^l>3E(. AND ON NECK STRIP OVER TXt C***

Urinary Troubles,Liver Complaints,Bright's Disease,

Nervousness,Gall Stones,

Diabetes,Irregularities.

Female

Wein

will ship;

four

full quarts,

all

charges paid,

byif

express,

for $4.00

or,

we

will ship

one quart for $1.00

ordered

combination with our Baby Barrel of Whiskey.See advertisement on opposite page.

J. H.I00-I02-J04

FRIEDENWALDSt.,-

&

CO.,

N. Eutaw:

-

-

BALTIMORE, MD,

REFERENCES

Western National Bank, or any Commercial Agency.r>* B Gloninger Tomoi -C. tJroDbi. James ir ProbstJ^

EastonWernersville.

^

-^^^!-t .--.'?..-"^ InwoodLebanon Sanatorium Tititz Springs Sanitarium Markleton SanatoriumPennsvlvani.ax

i;re.h-^^nvevv.v.-.Carr^^ .....

"" H?r"""'"LititzJ:^?i?f

SoTh

Knapp -^ Sanitarium ...... H. B. Mountain Sanatorium Camp. J T ^gho/mfker!'.

^.

Markleton ^939 Girard^^^^^,^^^0

Philadelphia ave., oi^n.crlP-lnhia

White Haven

|re"^^lfcer'lan ?aVrm ?SI Walter Sanitarium. White Haven Sanatorium1

1

i i!

i

i

:

.' |-^ >-^St"?''' WaU-' s Park Kfrenc Flick .-...... White Haven Laurence

RHODE ISLAND.Address.

Sanitarium. Dr Bates' Sanitarium. Hopeworth Sanitarium.

^?^T?^^?ln'Batet^'^.'.-....

MlBenefitBristol

st.

Providence

^:

^^."^cinffew"-.'..

VERMONT.244 Pefrf st. Sanitarium. William R. P?ime^'" Sanitarium. IP;'^'''^'' t,^" .:;.... Burlington Dr. Prime's VerZnt W. . '

^

Burliirgton.

Lake View Sanatorium Sparbawk Sanitarium The Randolph Sanitarium

. -.jf^^^k ?no P- ^_^^ov Jno. P Giff ord'

Burlington Rando]i>h

-rDOll

SrR-R ACK

^^^^

jooCs, Holds 10 pairs of trousers in natural shape does not nwrk or stretch the go Iways pressing unnecessary. Each pair alv Keeps trousers permanently creased Occuimmediately accessible and quickly removed without disturbing the others Made of solid oak with handsome brass trimmings. pnssilile space pies smallest " ' ". taken apart and packed in small box. UseCan be re:idily Size, 24 X 16 X 1 inches. ful alike in home, club, hotel, and traveling.

"

.

.

UNEQUAIiEDI

INDISPENSABLE

I

Price $3.00 delivered to any address.

PEERLESS IMOVATION CO.

T?^?v\'^VTiV\

Telephone Call Xo. 8818 Cortlandt Send for descriptive circular W.

'Uhe

LENOX HOTELBUFFALO, N. Y,

for

Country Homes, Churchei,

Factories, Institutionft, Etc., male by TIRRILL'S EQUALIZfor LightING GAS

MACHINE

Ing,

Cooking, Fuel, and

Power

brings city conveniences to the country. An independent plant, easily installed, absolutely safe, simple to operate, requires no tire or atteitioii. Automatic action, produces uniform quality ot gas.

Light Costs Less than per Hour.

^k

Cent

Catalogue and evidence of satisfaction sent free on request. manufacture all kinds of Gas Supplies, Mantles, Automobile Stor.ige Tanks, and Gas Pumping and Tower Engines. Gasolene at Keliners' Prices.

W^

NorthModern.Proof.

St, at

Delaware Ave.TlrrlU'sBurnerIncandescenteliminates the jar on the nan tie. It has a more simple adjustment than any other burner on th market. Xon-vibrating manle means a long-lived mantle.

Highest Grade. Absolutely FireUnexcelled Service Throughout.

MUROPI^AN PI,ANRates $1.50 per

day and upwardat our Expense.

Wire Reservations

GEORGE DUCHSCHERER,

Proprietor

TIUIMLL iA8 MACHINE LIGHTING CO. 76 Fulton St., New York.The World's Record of 10 miles min, 54 2-5 sec. was made on a

in 8

Curtiss Double Cylinder

MotorcycleOrmond Beach,Fla., 1904.

The history-making flights of Capt. Baldwin and many other aeronauts were possible only by the use of this motor. These feats demonstrate the power and reliability of our motor andmotorcycle.Send for catalog, which also lists a commercial side car, which should be of interest to everymerchant.

"The motorcycle furnishes the cheapest knowntransportation."BI- IVorld.xlviil

G. H.

CURTISS MFG. CO*

Castie Hill) Hanuuondsport, !N.Y,

iaa

Promptlj procured in the United States and all foreign countries having patent

PATENTSColumbian Building,

laws. Protect your inventions by valid patents having the broadest possible scope.

Advice free; terms moderate; highest Fiferences, and thebest service.

Patent Lawyer WATSON E. COLEMAN, Wasliington, D. and SolicitorC.Praclicf befor* the United Stares Pitem Office, the Courts of the District of Columbia, and the U. S. Counsel la Patent Causes. Kefereuces In de^iguated lucalitiei furnibhed on application.

Supreme Court.

A YEAR IN $5,000 THE REAL ESTATE BUSINESS

YOU

CAN EARNNo

other busness produces the profits that are 'n the Real Estate business. to teach you the on earth and its p^'nciples and practices both thoroughly and technically in a fajv weeks' time without interfering with your present employment.

made every year

We want

BEST BUSINESS

IRON AND WIRE

WE WANT i:'0 TEACH YOC^ THE BKOKERKE\L ESTATi. (iENEIlAL SIN ESS. AGE, AND IN.iUIlANCE BL in the Real EstateYou can makeliiore

money

FENCESFOR ALL PURPOSESCEMETERY FENCES R SPEGlllLTYSEND FOR CATALOGUEENTERPRISE fOONDRY 8 FENCE CO.

business without cyipital in less time than you can in any other busiT7ess in the world. It is a profession and tbe business of a gentleman. Notice for ycarself in the newspapers and mag-jiii.ao ijio tremendous growth of the real estate business railroads selling land grants; the gov-

ernment opening new homesteadsmall towns; new sub-divisions,

territories; timetc.

ber con-i-essions being sold; factories going up in

In order to establish our graduates In business at once we furnish them our "R^al E^t-it-' .lournal " containing descriptions of all kind'! "f real estate, business opportunities, investments, etc., in all parts of th- United Stales nnd Canada. We co-operate list their properties ; help them secu'-e customers with an'l assist th^m to a quick success. We appoint them members of one of the largest co-operative broker.ige companies;

393

S.

Senate Ave.

INDIANAPOLIS, IND.

in America.Dorj't spend the best diys of your life working for others when you can njake an independent fortune for yourself. Weassist in establis'iing

ment.

you in business or to profitable employHundreds indorse our institution. Write for FreeIt

Booklet.

will interest you.

H.

W. CROSS & CO.

^^vJKTin!^'''

RIBBON BADGESFOR LODGES, UNIONS, AND CONVENTIONS.

Original Designs or Duplicates of any Badge made in this Country. SPECIAL. BOOKS AND BLANKS FOR ALL SOCIETIES.Regalia, Buttons, Seals, Ballot Boxes, Wig^s, Souvenir Gavels, and Lodge Supplies..>Iirror8

CHARLES100 Clinton Street,In writing,

J.-

BAINBRIDGEy-

SYRACUSE,aIIx

N. Y.

name

Societies in

which you are interested.

This Razor Must

andI

a Postal gets

It.

Pay forlet

Itself

Before

Guarantee to Keep

You Pay me a Pennyme send without WILL you interchangeable blades withyou,12?

your Blades Sharp For ever Without Charge.

a eent deposit, an old style razor

that you can easily slip out a dull blade any time you want and put in a new sharp one. I am the only man in the world who makes a razor like this. Besides sending the razor without a cent deposit, I promise to sharpen your dull blades free of charge as long as jou live. That's my plan my new plan of selling razors. No other razor maker in the world sells razors this way because they can't their razor won't stand it. Mine will because of my interchangeable blade idea and because of the way my razor is made Now I offer you the only razor in the world that never takes a minute of your time to sharpen and yet is always sharp. I don't say, "Send me the price of the razor, and if, after you have tried it, you find that it isn't all I claim, I will send your money back." Not me. On a "money back" proposition you may feel that there was some chance of not getting your money back if you wanted it I won't let you feel that way about my razor. I know niy razor will satisfy you I show my confidence by just sending my razor to any reliable party without a penny down. Now, simply do this Stnd me your name, occupation, home and 12 Interchangeable business address I'll take all ttie risk and send you by express, prepaid, a Blades. Sterling Old Style Interchangeable Razor with 12 blades, or if you prefer I'll send you a Safety Razor with 24 blades you see I also make safety razors. The interchangeable razor is simply a regular old style with a small spring which permits taking out the dull blade and putting in a sharp one. Both my razors are so much better than any other that I can afford to send you one without any payment or deposit. When you have tested it seven days, if you find it the finest and easiest shaving razor you ever used, keep it. Then the razor must pay for itself that' s my new plan. If the razor don't do all I say, then send it back at my expense and you're out nothing, for you've paid me nothing and you owe me nothing. The average man should be shaved at least three times a week at 15c a shave that's 45c a week. So, if you decide to keep the razor, all I ask you to pay rae is what you'd pay the barber45c a week. Just send me at the end of each week what you'd have paid him for a few weeks until the razor is paid for. That way I make the barber buy you the razor. At that, my razor doesn't take any more money to pay for itself than you would have to pay out of your own pocket for an ordinary razor. Ana I go even further. I say to you, if after the seven days' free trial you do decide to keep the razor, and let it pay for itself then I will see to it that you have no further razor expense for life. Because I agree to keep your blades sharp forever, free With any other razor you are always paying out money, because you must keep on paying for new blades or re-sharpening as long as you live. But the Sterling won't cost you a cent to keep sharp because All you do is, send me 12 dull blades, at any time, with 10 cents to cover postage, and I return them to you perfectly sharp free of charge. That's really "no honing and no stropping." Did you ever hear of anything as clever as this in the razor line? It's this way the reason I can make this offer is because there's no razor in the world compared to mine, and the interchangeable blade plan is my exclusive idea. My steel is hardened by the Sherman process my own invention. All other razor steel is "water dipped" to harden that is, they cool the hot steel by dipping it in cold water. This means cracked and blistered steel blistered so fine the naked eye can't tell it resulting in an uneven tempered edge sharp in places and dull in places. With mjj Sherman process I cool and harden the steel in two fluids that do away with all such dangers so that my razor muxt hold an pvf)> edge. And mine is the only razor on the market that is made of Sheffield steel this is not a cold rolled steel. Cold rolled steel such as other razor makers use it'/// not hold an edge to compare with ShefIt's so

made

uation, Assessed, op Y'eomen of America 342 92-94 Property in U. S 160,413 Young Men' s Christ. Ass' ns 351 348 Vaulting Records 263 " People's Christ'n Union.. 360 Unitarians. Number of 343,345 Vedanta Society 356 United American INIechanics. 342 Velocity of Winds in U. S 59 " Confederate Veterans 367 Venezuela, Area& Population.371 " Daughtersof Confederac3'.367 " of 368 Sons Con ff'deratp Vets 367 Venus, Planet 27. 49 Zinc, Production of 235-237 , " Spanish Veterans 365 Vermont Election Return.s 509 Ziegler Expedition 300 * Volunteer Ass' 365 Veterans, Sous of U. S. Army.. 365 Zoological Society, n York. 304

Union Army Sociktxes

.

Army

War

New

SEE /ADVERTISING INDEX ON PAGES

lix-lx

AND

Ixi.

.

.

JSToteicortht/ Articles ia

Preceding

J^olui>ie3

of Tfodd Almanac

.

11

OF

NOTEWORTHY ARTICLHS OR PARAGRAPHS IN PRECEDING VOLUMES OF "THE WORLD ALMANAC.Aeticlks,.

Volii.ni-. I'a^'

Af.ticle.';.

Actors, Real and Profp'^fJionnl Names. .1903. .2t! Alaska Bouadary Award 1904 148

Masonry, Degrees in Medal of Honor. U.S. Military, ListPersons Awarded Medical and Surgical Progress in Nineteenth CenturjMeteorites

Volume. Pase. 190!. ,324

Alcoholic Driuks, Cou-sumpiiuu uf Io90...108 Alien Landholders in the United States..l8i>S... 90 1901. ..lOti .America, Four Centuries ol American Millionaires ..^...1902. .Vio .\rbitratiou. International Court oi 1902.. 84 Arbitration Treaty with Great Britain. ..1898... 87

of 1899..

,

84 59 69 135

i;;e

1901.. .298

Milky Way, TheMillionaries, Tlie

1903. iu03.Wi^di..

American

General Otticers Wholiuve 1900. .409 Risen from the Ranks 1904. ..351 Armv, U. S. Regimental Records

Armv,U.

S.,

Mormons, TheNational

Bank,

Capital,

Where Held

1897.. .329 1888.. .104

,

.\ustralian Ballot System -Vustralian Federation

1892...

9024 85 27

Canal, New York I'.artholdi Statue Described UattleCalendar of the Republic Hell Time on Sliipboard R.mefact ions in 1. 04I'.arEre.".

1901. ..382 1904. ..1501887... 1899... 1902....

Naval (iuns. Range of 1892.. .252 Naval Vessels of Great Powers, Lists oi.l899.. .344 Navy, U. S. Historic ^>sspl-i of 1904.. .o55 New 'I'estament Chronoiosjy lUOl.. 28 1903. 389 New York Citj-, Reconstruction of Nicaragua Canal Treaty 1902. 157.

Novels,

Hundred GreatestCanal, Accmisition of

1895.. .246

1905 .322

Panama

P>ible Statistics T^>oodle Aldermen of

New

1894.. .219 York, List of..l888...118

Order of Succession to. ..1896. ..351 1893. ..192 Bryant's Index Expurgatorius 1902. ..184 Panada, Boundary Line Controversv 1890... 57 Census, Eleventh U. S. , HowTakoii 1900.. 102 Census.Twelfth U.S., How Taken 1894... 42 Centuries AeroBritish Throne,

Panama, Treaty with Pan-American (Conference Peace Conference at The Hague

1905. .126 1904. 1421890...

60

'

1896

..

44

(.'hicaero, :.Iaps

1893. ..423 Information About 1893. ..423 of 1894... 81 Chicago. World's Fair 1902. ..153 China Bo.xer Rising. 1894. .106 Chinese Exclusion Act of 1892 1895. .100 Chinese Treaty with the U. S Clearing- Houses of World, Stati.-tics of..l890... 96 1902. ..318 Colleges. American, Locations of. Columbian Postage Stamps Described. ..1893. ..150 1894... 82 Columbus to Veragua, Pedigree 1898.. .256 Commonest Proper Names in U.se'-"hicago,

1900. 98 Peace Conference, President Roosevtli's 1905. .129 ('all for 1904.. 141 Pll-rims of 1620 1904.. .235 Poisons and Their Antidotes Porto Rico, Act for Civil Government. ..1901. 93 1893.. .150 Postage Stamps, Old, Pricesof Presidents of the U. S., Biographies in..

Brief Prisoners' Commutation Table Prohibition Party, Growth of

1902.. .118 1900. .236

1889.

.

97

Produce, Comparative I'ricesof Pseudonyms, Literary Railroad Facts Railroad Strike of July, 1894

1890., .105

1904 .2921892. .154.

Is95.. 93 Constitution of New York, New 1902. ..156 Con.stitutioi'.s, State Constitutional Amendments, Proposed..l890... 78 1890.. .136 Counterfeits, Dangerous 1904.. .146 Treaty Cuban Reciprocity Cyclones, Statistics for 87 Yeai-s 1S89... 24 1899.. .10Iediiini.

CLIP.

AMERICAN TIME STAMP.Marks time by quarter-hour.

As simple and durable as anyRubberPatented Aug.10, 1891

Stamp. Turn handle untilOurClip.

Hand

latest

and best all-round

desired time indicated.

is

Patented Aug.

10, 1897

Wire. Combined qualities of our No. 1 and No. 3. Price per thousand.

Made of Nickel Steelbox.

Priceplete,

com-

S3.50.for decircu-

to grip large quantities of papers. Easily applied, quickly

made

THE GIANTremoved.

NO. 3in

is

Sendscriptivelar.

Put up

boxes

SI. 50; samplepostpaid,

by mail,

of 100.

20

cents.

Price 25c., postpaid. Price per thousand, ^1.75.

NIAGARA CLIP COMPANYAGENTS WANTED.

37

PARK STREET, NEW YORK13

Knuckle Joint, Hydraulic, and Power ScrewBy HandPower,orCider,

Wine,

from

Belting,

Paper, Cloth. Leather Veneers, Lard, Tallow, Oleo,

50 to 500 tons.

Herbs,Fertilizers,

For

almost everypressure.

GlueStock,etc..

purpose

requiring

SEND FOB CATALOGUE.

etc.

Boomer

&

Boschert PressSYRACUSE,-

Co.,

457 West Water

St.,

N. Y., U. S. A.

FILLING No "blow." No valve or piston. No extra cost.

If: CLEANING)

No ink dropper. No taking apart to clean. No awkward hump.

No smeared lingers. No twisted rubber. No complication.little

Send for our handsome

book 60A.

to $50 weekly, entire or spare time. 1 "y *a 90 earned in 32 days by T. L. Jones, a retired business * ^ *^ man in Alabama. ^35. 80 for month's spare time by G, Jos. Lovett, of Mass. $5.40 made first two hours by Mrs. M. Lennon.of Michigan. Our Free Lessons in Successful Salesmanship make experience unnecessary. We send all particulars and fijs^ures to prove these records write to-day. Energetic Agents and District Managers wanted.;

AGENTS $20

STANDARD PEN

CO.. 1422 Baker

BIdg., Toledo, O.

JB ad SoresTo cure acut,

Cured for

10c.

bad

gall, calk,

wire cut, nail wound, or

Any Bad Sore on a horse; or a cut, burn, bruise, swelling, inflammation, or Aiiy Bad Sore on ahumanbeing; write us for a trial bottle (25c. size) of

Hanford^s Balsam of Myrrh.

We will

send one bottle only to a person for 10c. to

pay actual postage and cost of mailing tube, and then return your money if you are not suited after using it.

ADDRESS

G. C,

HANFORD MFG,14

CO.,

SYRACUSE,

Occurrences

During Printing.Jlrintinri;.

15

^ccurrrntts BurtnuSome weeks

are occupied in printing a volume so bulky as Thk World Almanac, audit is parts or " forms. nccessaril J- put to press Changes are in the mean time occurring. Advantage talcen of the going to press of the last form of the First Edition to insert information of the latest is possible date, which is done below. The readers of the Almaxac are requested to obsein;^e these additions, corrections, and changes, and it would be well to make note of theta on the pages indicated.

m

'

92.

American Federation of Labor: Officers elected at annual meeting at Pittsburgh, Pa., November 26: Samuel Gompers. President. The retirement of Thomas I. Kidd, as Fifth Vicf-President, advanced the candidates behind tUat office, and all who were candidates for re-electioa were successful except the Eighth Vice-President, W. J. .Spencer, of Dayton, Ohic who was defeated for the cieveuth Vice- Presidency by W.D.Huber. of Indianapolis." .TosephF*. yalentiue, of Ciuciunati, was^ the only uew^otticer^lected, defe_auig William D. Mahou. of i"-..- ~ ^ "" --.'

T-.

-

.

-

-

-

chosen to

Pickert,101.

104.127.

164.

1G4.

Democratic National Committee: George Foster Peabodj-, resigned. National Association of Democratic Clubs: Headquarters of the Association have been removed to the Rhinelander Building, 238 William Street, corner of Duane Street, New York City. Guam: Commander Templin M. Potts, of the Board of Inspection and Survey of the Navy Department, will be the next Naval Governor of Guam. He will succeed Commander George L. Dyer, the present Governor, who has been ordered to the United States. World's Industrial Consumption of the Precious Metals in 1904: Gold, 3,870.000 fine ounces, 8S3,000,000; silver, 57,377,800 fine ounces, $30,000,000. Production of Precious Metals since 1492: Gold, 1902, '5296,737,600; 1903, 8325,961,500: 1904. :S346.892 200. Total, $11,298,414,600. Silver, lf>02. .?210.441.900; 1903, $217,131,800: 1904, $217,716,700. Total, $12,283,642,100. Katio, 1902, 39.15; 19U3, 38.10; 1904,35. 70.

Congress August Belmont has been appointed Treasurer, succeeding

Saving Bank^: Number of depositors in all saving banks in the world. 85,753,963; deposits $11,052,716,598. Keport furnished by the Bureau of Statistics, Department of Commerce and Labor. 207. Postal Telegraph Company: In 1905 it operated 53,476 miles of poles and 305, 295 miles of wire, by means of which it reached 22,000 places. 237. Tobacco, Production of: John W. Verkes, Commissioner of Internal Pevenue, reports that the cigarette manufacture in the United States in the fiscal .vear ending Jime 30. 1905, numbered 10,811,'t)00, 000. The quantity of tobacco manufactured was given as follows: Pbiir, 163,379,270pounds; twist, 8.783,211; fine cut chev%ing, 12.157,003; smoking 149.151,690. The distribution in 1905 (announced December 10), were: in physics. Prof. 311. Nobel Prizes Leonard, of Kiel University, for researches into cathode rays; in chemistry, Adolpii von Boyer, professor at the University of Munich, for researches relating to the evolution of organic chemistry and the development of the chemical industr.v; in medicine. Prof. Robert Koch, of Berlin, for researches looking to the prevention of tuberculosis, and in literature,I(i8.:

Henryk Sienkicwicz, the Polish novelist. 311. TheosoDUical Society ol America: Officers: President, Charles Johnson, of New York; SecreYorkt Executive tary. Dr. T. P. Hyatt, of New York: Treasurer, H, P. Mitchell, of Committee Charles Johnson and Vera Johnson, of New York; Mrs.E.L. Moffatt. of Boston; J. D. Bind, of Fort Wayne. Ind.; M, D. Butler, of Indianapolis; Mark Dewey, of California, and J. G. Sewell, of Louisville. 346. Roman Catholic "Hierarchy in the United States: The following new bishops have been appointed by the Pope: Rev. G. Barin, Bishop of Nueva Caceres, Philippine Islands; Rev. T. Meerscha'ert, B ishop of Oklahoma: Rev. T. Brennan, formerly Bi.shop of Dallas, Texas, and Titular Bishop of Caesarea. 347. Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church: Bishop .Joyce is dead.- Bishop Moore's residence is Portland, Ore.. and Bishop Hamilton's residence San Francisco, Cal. 357. SocietvofMavflower Descendants in the State of New York: Officers elected in 1905: Governor, Walter Scott Allerton: Deputy Governor, Henry dlvin Bre%vster; Captain, Richard

New

.

Elder, Rev. James Shepard Dennis; Secretary, Clarence Etienne Leonard Franklin Whetstone Hopkins; Historian, James Le Baron Willard; Surgeoi:, John Cran*: ell Minor. M.D. 366. Loyal Legion: The Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief is Brevet Brig. -Gen. William F Draper. 376. Italian Ministrv: The Fortis Ministry resigned December 17. after defeat on the commercial modus Vivendi with Spain, and a nev Ministry was being arranged when the Alm.\xac went

Henrv Greene;Treasur'^r,

to press.

Norway: The Government has appointed June 24, 1906, for the coronation of King Haakon and Queen Maud. 383. Addition.al appointmentsbv the new Liberal Ministry: Under Foreign Secretary, Lord Edmund37S.

Fitzmaurice. with apeerage; the Civil Lord of the Admiralty, George Lambert; the Parliamentarv Secrefarvof the Board of Trade. Hudson E.Kearley; the Parliamentary Secretary of the Government Local Board. Walter Runciman; the Parliamentary Secretary of the Board of Education. Thomas Lough, and the Solicitor-General for Scotland, Alexander Ure, K.C. 452. John M.Gearin, Dem., of Portland, has been appointed by the Governor of Oregon United States Senator from that State to succeed John H.Mitchell. Rep., deceased. 452. The change in the Oregon Senatorship makes the number of Democrats in the Senate 33, Republicans, 55.

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A SOCIAL MOVEMENT OF PRACTICAL HELP FOR THE INEBRD^TE. BY REV. J. B. PRICE, D. D.I feel like playI do not feel tough any more. I feel so funny. Sudh was the language of one of Rhode Isling with little children." and's most notorious inebriates, on the third day of his medical treatment. For m.iny years he had been imprisoned almost continuously for drunkenness never being known when released to re.-nain outside for more than five days. Despised as a beso:ied, brutish drunkard, the subject of contempt and reproach, ostracized from de':;ent society, condemned as a criminal, his sad life never illumined by the ki.owledge of a love eklier hr.man or divine, his chronic hardness and insensibility to everything refining and uplifting, was best described by his own adjective, '"tough." The Superintendent of the State Fnrm. at Cranston (Providence) said: "If you can take away Bill'3 craving, give him self- control, and have him walk the streets of Providence for one week a sober mam you will be working a miracle." In twenty-four hours his craving wa.s gone and he walked the streets a free man. On the third day his "toughness' had given place to tenderness, the dawn of a better maruhood was seen in his desire to play with pure, innocent children. In?ide of a week he had employment and was now a bread-winner, a producer of values. In another week he became and has continued a social force for moral betterment, seeking out and reclaiming others

OCTOR,

^^D

Scienre, contradic tins' reitoer. recognizes alcoholism in its advanced stages as a disease demanding medial treatment. Evangelistic reformers and the advocates of reformatory ir.stilutional treatment have "both made the mistake of ignoring the fundamental necessity for medical treatment. In the United States alone at lea?t two million men and women are now in the bondage of drink; that is. thev have gotten into that diseased conditiouN through the use of alcoholic stimulants that their bodies absolutely demand more stimulants in order to perform their ordinary functions. Drinking by such persons!, e., the true alcoholics is no longer a matter of volition, but of bodily compulsion. Fifteen years ago Dr. Isaac Oppenheimer, while working in the tenement districts of the East Side of New York City, developed an ideal medical treatment for alcoholism. It positively removes the alcoholic craving in from six to forty-eight hours, and restores the patient to a normal condition in from two to four weeks. The craving will never of itself return e:::cept through deliberate, voluntary indulgen-ce. The treatment will not give a man brains or will-power 'beyond tlhe normal. It will not make it impossible for him to drink again, nor will it render him immune to the toxic effects of alcohol, if he deliberately introduces alcoihol into his system. Something more than

ProblemiWhat to Do witii the Inebriate, The Bible declares drunkenness a sin and the religious community condemns the drunkard. The law declares drunkenness a crime and sends the drunkard to jail.Tlie Giant

who had become

inebriates.

three years ago was inaugurated

to help themselves" is the keynote to this movement. Into it have of the most prominent people of the nation some of the members of Mr. Roosevelt's Cabinet, some of Mr. JklcKlnley's Cabinet, United States Senators, Congressmen philanthropists and clergy of various faiths, Catholic and Protestant, and prominent women of the nation. The object of this movement was twofold. One object was Through patient study the to carry this benefi'-ent treatment over this and ot>her lands. work was so brought within the lines of medical ethics as to make the treatment available to every phvsician. In the year of 1905 the treatment has been opened in a hundred and fifty cities, and in several foreign countries. The administration of the treatphysician simply incorporates it with his general practice. The pament is simple. tient is not, exceot in extreme cases, kept under detention, but comes each day to the office of the physician who administers the remedies. Another object of this great movement was to bring this remarkable treatment

A

Great Social and Philanthropic Movement.

"Helping

men

entered some

A

Within Reach of the Poor.This has been accomplished. Over oae hundred thousand dollars in treatment has been given to the poor of New York City in the last two years under the charitable provisions of the Onpenheimer Institute. This charity agrees to keep faiith wiih the businers side, and not to recommend for c^haritable treatment those able to pay the regular fees. The absolutely destitute are treated free, the comparatively destitute at a reduced fee. Experience, from the standpoint of charity work alone teaches that it is always best for a man to pay something for v.hat he receives, if he is at all able to do so. He then appreciates what he gets. Many a poor man is unwilling to receive it as a

IGa

charity.

But he has no* money. After investigation he is accepted at .a reduced fee. The general plan of the Institute contemplates the general assistance of these cases throug'h the establishment of what has been termed

TheBythis

St.

liuke's Guildto get the

Loan Fund.

treatment where it would otherwise be impossible. After his restoration to earning power the patient pays back in easy installments into the Loan Fund the amouht applied to his case. Thus the Loan Fund is kept self-renewing, and be is helped without being pauperized. These patients are made the subject of a threefold after-care by the clergy and churches. A man disdharged from a hospital besought the physicians to remove his craving, but they only warned him against touching whiskey again. He went straight to the saloon and invested all he had in drink. His wife upbraiding him for pawning his shoes, he replied: "You don't understand. I had to have the whiskey or die." He was brought to the Institute, and in a few hours was free from his craving and was soon restored. Christian women visited the impoverished home and refurnished it. The man was found employment and saved from the idle life. In three months they were welcomed into tihe churdh of their choice. At the close of the service the wite said: "You cannot know what all this means to us. Out of the first money he received he spent two cents for a little toy dog for our baby girl. It is tiie first thing of any kind hie has brought into tlhe home for any of us in two years. You have not only given me back my huslband but also the father of my children. We have been in heaven in our home the past two weeks." Tlhis aifter-care seeks first to brighten environment, second to find employment, and third to lead to religious influences and church litfe.

means men are helped

asset ana

Important Economic Results Have been achieved. How to change the drunkard from a burden and a tax into an In one of the free clinics four men produce!" is a problem ii'ow solved treated, who hf\>d been idleiis and loaiers foi' years, went to work the second week at

wa;4:es varying from $1.25 up, one of the four, a decorative designer, actually receiving $10 per day from the start. In anotther clinic, careful inquiry into a considerable of cases showed on the average an increase of 312 per cent, in the earnings in the six months following, as compared with six months preceding treatment.

number

Table of Casestlie

Earuin S Capacity of Patients Treated at One ofEarningsDuration Treatment. 20 days 24 days 40 days 20 days 15 days 33 days 17 days 30 days 18 days 23 days 25 days 2U days 27 days 30 days IS days 30 days 20 days 25 days 2f! days 19 days 18 days 40 days 25 days 30 days 26 daysTotal

'Sliowine: tle Effect of the

Oppenlieimer Treatment onIts Clinics.

Earnings

Increase

Six Mos. Six Mos. or Previous to Less After

Due

to

Treat-

Sex.

Age.47 44

Occupation.Electrician

Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Female Female Male Male

Treatment. Treatment.?240.00 lO.OO

ment$60.00 340.00 270.00 500.00 175.00 2UU.O0 10.00 325.00 63.00 147.75 50.00 100.00 320.00 51.00 35.00 200.00 125.00 150.00 250.00 330.00 200.00 55.00 45. UO 15U.O0 23.00$4,174.75 $166.99

50 49 32 54 29 37 36 30 48 25 36 34 44 33 3S 42 53 51 36 2839

Designer OrderlyActor..

Mone50.00 75.00I'OO.UO

DoormanDriver

LaborerPorter

to 00

?300.00 350.00 270.00 550.00 250.00 300.00 100.003:^5.00

NonaMoiie25.00 25.00 150.00 30.00 150.00125. (JO

General

Worker Employee S. C- DSteiamfitter

Salesman SalesmanCarpenter Painter

Book-keeper BookbinderCloth Printer Proofreader Confectioner Clerk Stenographer

None450.00

None None12000100.00 25.00

30 38

Housekeeper CookMachinist39 years.

None150.00 55.00

b3.00 172.75 75.00 250.00 350.00 201.00 160.00 200.00 575.00 150. 00 250.00 450.00 SOO.OO 80.00 45.00 300.00 78.00

Average age,

Average

$1,970.00 $78.80

$6,144.75 $245.79

Total earnings increased over threefold. The increased earnings due to treatment show an increase of 212 per cent, over the gross previous earnings. Besides these, large numbers just on the point of losing their positions were steadied and saved. Closely akin to this subject are the

Results Secured for Criminal Inebriety.The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin and North American called the attention of their -readers to a veteran of the Grand Army who bad spent most of his time for thirty years in prison for drunkenness. He was then in the House of Correction in Philadelphia under his 108th sentence for drunkenness. They naturally emphasized the enormous cost of that case to the municipality. They did not emphasize the inhuman procedure of166

branding as a criminal a man who was a victim to a disease as truly as if he had piaeumonia or smallpox. The Oppenheimer physician went to the prison with the consent of the proper official, and brought the man under treatment. In twenty-four hours his craving was gone, and at the instance of the doctor he was paroled, and came every dav to the Institute for his treatment for four weeks, when he was discharged restored. That man has had a year and a half of good health, lived as a peaceable, orderly citizen, a breadwinner and producer of values, and been in a position to keep a family oft of the list of public or private charity. Publicists and statesmen, as well as philanthropists, are turning theii attention to this method of the practical treatment of criminal inebriety a great subject, since over .30,000 each year are maintained in the county jails of New York State alone. Aibout 50 per cent, of the convictions of the criminal courts of xsew Yo^k State are for intoxication, the convicted persons being thereafter treated and regarded as criminals. The great majority of these persons, if given proper treatment, would no longer be a charge upon the State as prisoners, paupers or other dependents.

A Sane andPhA'nl^rr.^^^^^'^ *\l''''^l^"^

Scientific Solution

found in the method of the St. Luke's Guild ^ chanty oreanizMtionand so called because it blends medical nealinl i^^^^treligious anpeal. To lo-^id the inebriate with reproach and censure avails rWhlVi he Vnri;^+\^ ^'''" -^^^' to him a religious arneal is in most instances useless, for J^'Y f^6" ^''"5 i^f^st .'acred nromises 1o aoi andv m^n have gone down w^l^.' +\! r'',^'^^^"''? of the funous craving. To commit a man to a refoT-mitory m^fr!;.A -_ religinus anpeal and inrlusThe man emerges with ses. """^'""^, aiju lu-^ Linviiii: >-uim asserts itself and overmas,-". -r>,k r.ers ii-rr, from the alconolic ter tj- C/p^enheimer treatment promptlv frpps the victim wise after-care that cravi 1"'^^ for religious appeal and fitted for the is th pn'tn h^'^LlPJ^ eii lo ne ex'^ivipp-^ o\'er hun..^'^

inebriety

is

/-

"

-

clinic desti-

^anen rrom the results obtained during the first vear, tell their own story: Capes treated and discharged cured.... 1^9 CnspR with some Protestant affiliated Cases known to be standing cured 53 89 Church Capes belipved to be standing cured.".'. 12 C^5Ps going to confessional in Roman Total standing -^q-. 30 Catholic Churches Cases coming witfhin religious influence.. 83 "Net one of these cases has relap=^ed. Using as a basis these figures, the following deduction may be made: feixty-four per cent, of the total cases treated, all classes included, show permanent.'

gures.

.

1

8SUitS.

^ir the Eridaj's of the year except Christmas Day. In the Greek Church the four principal fasts are those in Lent, the week' succeeding Whitsuntide, the fortnight before the Assumption, and forty days before Christmas.

Bibisfons

of

Ci'me,

The interval between two consecutive transits of a fixed star over any meridian or the interval duringwhich theearth makes one absolute revolution on its axis is called a Sidereal Day. and is invariable, while the interval between two consecutive transits of the Sun over any meridian is called an A]>pnrent Solar Da}% and its length varies from day to day by reason of the variable motion of the earth in its orbit, and the inclination of this orbit to the equator on which time is measured. A Mean Solar Daj'^ is the average or mean of all the apparent solar days in a year. Mean Solar 7'/??ic is that shown bj' a well-regulated clock or watch, \\\i\\e Apparent Solar Time is that shown by a well-constructed suii-dial; the difference between the two at anytime is the Equation of Time, and may amount to 16 minutes and 21 seconds. The Astronomical Day begins at noon and the Civil Day The Sidereal and Mean Solar Days are both invariable, but one day of the at the preceding midnight. latter is equal to 1 day, 3 minutes, and 56. 555 seconds of the former. The interval during which the earth makes one absolute revolution round the Sun is called a Sidereal Year, and consists of 365 days, 6 hours. 9 minutes, and 9. 6 seconds, which is invariable. The Tropical Year is the interval between two consecutive returns of the Sun to the Vernal Equinox. If this were a fixed point, the Sidereal and Tropical Years would be identical but in consequence of the disturbing influence of the moon and planets on the spheroidal figure of theearth, the Equinox has a slow, retrograde mean motion of 50". 26 annuallj% so that the Sun returns to the Equinox sooner every year than he otherwise would by 20 minutes 23. 6 seconds; the Tropical Y^ear, thereThe Tropical Y^ear is not of uniform fore, consists of '365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 46 seconds. length it is now slowly decreasing at the rate of 595 second per century, but this variation will not alwavs continue. Julius ("jesar, in v,.c. 45, was the first to reform the calendar by- ordering that everj' year whose date number is exactly divisible by 4 contain 366 days, and all other years 365 days. The intercalary dav was introduced by counting t\\e sixth day befoi'e the Kalends of March iit'ice; hence the name He also changed the beginning of the year from 1st of March bissextile, from bis, twice, and sex, six. to the 1st of January, and also changed the name of the fifth month (Quintilis) to July, after him.self. The average length of the Julian year is therefore 365J4 days, which, however, is too long by 11 minutes and 14 seconds, and this would accumulate in 400 years to about three days. The Julian Calendar continued in use until a. n. 1582, when the date of the beginning of the seasons occurred 10 days later than in u. c. 4.5, when this mode of reckoning time was introduced. The (jregorian Calendar was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII. with the view of keeping the Equinox to the same day of the month. It consists of 36.5 days, but every year exactly divisible by 4 and the centiirial years which are exactlj' divisible by 400 contain 366 da.vs;and if in addition to this arbitrarv arrangeiiieni ii:e ceuturial years exactly divisible by 4.000 contain 366 days, the error in the Gregorian system will amount to only one day in about 20 ceuturies. If. however. 31 leap years were intercalated in 128 years, instead of 32 as at present, the calendar would be practically exact and the error would not amount to more than a day in 100,000 j'ears. The length of the mean Gregorian Year may therefore be set down at 365 days, 5 hours, 49 minutes. 12 seconds. The Gregorian Calendar wa-s introduced into England and her colonies in 1752, at which time the Equinox had retrograded 11 days since the Council of Nice in a. d. 325, when the festival of Easter was established and the Equinox'occurred on March 21; hence September 3, 1752. was called September 14, and at the same time the comniencement of the legal year was changed from March 25 to January 1. so that the vear 1751 lost the nKjiiths of January and February and the first 24 days of March. The difference between the Julian and Gregorian Calendars is now 13 days. Russia and the Greek Church still employ the Julian Calendar for civil and ecclesiastical puriDOses.; ;.

,:Stantrartr

Cime*

Primarii.y. for the convenience of the railroads, a standard of time was established by mutual agreement in 1883, by which trains are run and local time regulated. According lo this system, tlie United States, extending from 65 to 125 west longitude, is divided into four time sections, each of The fir.st 15 of longitude, exactly equivalent to one hour, commencing with the 75th meridian. (eastern) section includes all territory between the Atlantic coast and an irregular line drawn from Detroit to Charleston, S, C. the latter being its most southern point. The second (central) section includes all the territory between the last-named line and an irregular line from Bismarck, N. D., to the mouth of the Rio Grande. The third (mountain) section includes all territory between the lastnamed line and nearly the western borders of Idaho, Utah, and Arizona. The fourth (Pacific) section covers the rest of the country to the Pacific coast. Standard time is uniform inside each of these Thus at 12 sections, and the time of each section differs from that next to it by exactly one hour. noon in New York Citj' (eastern time), the time at Chicago (central time) is 11 o'clock a.m. at Denver (mountain time), 10 o'clock a.m., and at San Francisco (Pacific time), 9 o'clock a.m. Standard time is 16 minutes slower at Boston than true local time, 4 minutes slower at New Y^ork, 8 minutes faster at Washington, 19 minutes faster at Charleston, 28 minutes slower at Detroit, 18 minutesfaster at Kansas City. 30 minutes slower at Chicago, 1 minute faster at St. Louis, 28 minutes faster at Salt Lake Citj', and 10 minutes fasterat San Francisco..;

Easter Sunday.

^9

K^hltA TABLE OF THE

ot

Bai>..

:

ays).'

T7o/^/.

Sunday). Blark. Good Friday and at funerals. Gieen. All other days These regulations as to colors are general. A more minute code changing with each year published in the church almanacs.

is

Jewish Calendar, 1906.New Moon,5666Tebet 10 Fast of Tebet Sebat liNew MoonFasts, Fbastk, etc.!

j\kw Moon, Fasts, Feasts

btc.

1906. Jan..Ian.

5667Vi

190B~llNew Moon (New Year)I

Tisri

Sept

20'_9

27'

AdarKisan

11!

"

Feb.Apiil'i

261

'"

"

M;irch 27

" "I

SJFast of (luadaliah " Expiation (Yom Kippur) " lOi 15! Feast of Ta^)ernacles Oct

411

15 Passover

1026i9|

Yiar

"

l^NewMoon14 Second I^assover

iMav"*!

Sivan

I'Xew MooneiPenieccjst

!

".June.Juiv>

'Ih!

fvislev

" 221 EigTrtto Day " *' 23 Rejoicing with the Lew Hesvan llNew " Moonri

NovDec

12 20 181

Taninz IjXew Moon

"

Ab"riui

17 Fast of

Tamuz llXew Moon flJFast of Ab (DestructionJerusalem)

30 " 24 Tebet10;'>i

25; Dedication of the

Temple

J

li.Xew Moon lOiFast of Tebet

18

23'

ol''

Sehut 31 Adar

1 111

Moon New ""

1907" Jan 16 Feb 15iMai16

llNew Moonis

...^

Aug.

22 Nisanday.s,

The year 5666year of 354 days.

an ordinary perfect year of 355

and the year 5667 an ordinary common

MohammedanYear.

Calendar, 1906.Ykar.

Names

of

Months.

Aloiith

Begins.

Names

of

Months.

Month

Begins.

1323... DulhLg^ia 1324... Muliurrara ...ISaphar " ...IRabia I''

(New Year)

Jan. Feb.

1906 132425.!

Shaaban

.

SeptOct.

20 190619 18 -^1716. 14,

Ramadan (Monthnence) .Shawall.

of Absti,

Mar.

Rabia Rajab

II....^

May

27. Aixil 25,2.).rfco

NovDec.

DulkaadaDulheggia.

t

.loniadi I Jomadi II

Junejlnly

.

'Aug.

23. 21.

1325.

.

Muharram (New

JanYear)....

1907

Feb

Greek Church and Russian Calendar, 1906.A. u.

1900.

A. M.

8015

New

1st

Month.

JANUARY,

1900.

31 Days.

o

2d Month.

4th

M

5th Month.

MAY,

1900.

3t Days.

c

"2

6th Month.

JUNE, 190G.

Days.

S-yS

^ONTH.

AUGUST,

10.06.

SI Days.

I

9th Mowth.Ckieadar (orBotoroN,-8Neiir

SEPTEMBER,CalD(iar forif

1906.Calendar tor W'ASHIMGTO.f, Vtl-giiu.-i, Kenlucky, Missouri, Kansas, ColorSJo,Utati, Nfvaila,

30 Days.f aieiidai lorn a ri.eston.Geor>{ia, Alab;iiiia, Loiiisiana, Texas,

Ecei&ad, N.

SisU,

Nbw Vobk ClTT. Conoecticut, PennsyivaniA,

\.

24 51 25 25 20

10 14 ai 33

M. M. P. M. A. M.P.

6 6in oQ

O superior.in aphelion.-

May

P.M. 12 10 32 \.M. A.^\. a 12A. M.

gr.elonK.XV

2^5'^

46'

in fiphclion. in apheliou.

11 10

6 9

P. M.

16

if24 25 28 June G8t>

3 28 P.M. A.M 7 6 15 A.M 6 n 24 A. M 61

%

9 N. lo \V.greatest brilliancy.

d^.

N. l6?.

stationary.stationary.gr. elong". E.

rii

23

A. A. A.p.

M

54 A.MM.

6 6in periheliqn.

23.

8:i

12 H A. 15 11 12 4 A '2,-1 n 2 A.

1 A

July

27 315 1821

-if)

0.755O. 6-26 O. :'.49O. 821 O. i.55

1. :53

28

9'

1S79, Mar.S 188H. Spot. 4];8.85t.

!*ept, 35rf

5 5 5 5 6 8 6; 6

I.7

O 590.88 2.07

582i Fare ..'. 188,1, Ja,u. 'J2 7. 5b1 Tiitllp I880, 8ppt.ll 13.8 O 810 Fous- Brpo^;s 18.-^4, Jan. 25j 71.5 0, 75t7i Olhers. .'.;-. 18^7, Oct. Hi 7-'. 405: HaUey fum, Nqv. 15I 76 40, O.

a

1.74 1.02 0.77 1.20 0,59

0. 10

931 967

541906.

t

^luVn

BecU'uation,APPARENT NOON.

WASHlNliXU.V

Star1

Table.

55

ASTKONOM OAL CONSTANTS 6Vw^//(.^r/.At New York it is at aiiv piuc* whose latitude is /, is 39. 01'2o4 -X- O. '20S2T sin^ Mnciies. 39.1013 iiiclies. The aeeelemtion of e:ravity in one second of mean solar time is 32. 086528 -^ 0. 171293 siusi The half of this is the distance througli which a body falls (in a vacuum) in one second. feet. The velocity of light is 186, 330 miles per second. Light requires 8 minutes and 18 secoiuls to pass from the sun to the earth wlien at its rH/'aH distance, as given above therefore, when we look at the sun we see him not where he actually is, but where he was about 8 minutes and 18 .seconds ago; his tnie place is then always in advance of his apparent place.;,

MEAN TIME OF TRANSIT1906

(AT

WASHINGTON) AND POLAR DISTANCE OF POLARIS.

se

Rules for Foretelling the 'Weather.

STAR TABLE Cy?ii/?ted. APPROXIMATE PARALLAX AND DISTANCE IN LIOHT- YEAR'S OF SOME OF THEPRINCIPAL FIXED STARS.LlgbtYe.irS.

By

light- j'ears is to

be understootl tbe nomberof years light requires toParallax.rt

li-avel frotu

the star to usLJp;ht-

Parallax.ft

Vears.

Polaris rpole Star) a Aurigi-e (Cariella) aCaiiisMiijoris (Siriiis) aCanis Mirioris (Procyon). a liootis (A returns)

073 046 233 123127 916

4571

a Lyrse CVeg&).61 Cygiii 8 CaT5siopeis6..

0.348

0,140. h64187 127 0.054

2317

ISfi.7

V Dracohis85 Pegasi

28

26 60

aCeutauri

36

The determination of stellar parallax is one of tbe most ditReult and refined problems in practical It is to find tbe antjle which tbe semi-diameter of tbe eartb's orbit or observational astronomy .sui)teDds at tbe star an anrle always very small as seen from tbe ai> J8 4 Leavenworth* 24 78 (Nashville Louisville 34 70 107 -20 45.8 .... F.iliott, Fort* r~ 54 83 102 f New Orleans CO 5 Brownsville* (.Shreve()()ri 45 83 107 - 5 48 6 Texas \ El Paso f Kastport 20 00 93 -21 45 2 [ Palestine PortlaiKl 23 (!9 97 -17 42.3 Frisco* Baltimore 34 78 104 43.8 (tak (Salt Lake. 20 71 102 -13 45.0, 5't / Boston Burlington*...... .> ISprmgheld* 20 94 -14 47.0 J I>vi!chl)iirg ((irautl Haven* 24 09 94 -25 34.81 Va Norlolk Marquette 10 U5 108 -27 32. 4|! Dayton* ) Port Huron 21 09 99 -25 31 6 Ua^b .. 01yni[)la* DiiUith 10 00 99 -41 31. 01 { Tatoosh Island* St. Paul 11 72 104 -41 27, 5 \V. Va ... iMorgantown*., St. Vincent* -8 65 103 -54 16. 6| La Crosse VicksOiirg 47 S2 101 - 1 .557: Wis 1 JMilwaiikee (St. Lonis 30 79 107 -22 41 I'l (Bridger, Fort* I.Springfield < Che.veime 32 75 100 -29 45.7 Wyo Havre 9 67 108 -55 14 1 Washakie. Fort* Cn.ster, Fort* 14 711107 -48 13 Poplar Biver*... -5 09'll0 -03 10.8(I

%

Dps Moines Dui)uque Iveokuk

28 70 17 75 17 75

HI -28 100 -U) 103 23 107 22 lO) -25 109 -30 UK5t -32 108 -24 1U8' -26 106' -25I

..

4. 8 B'a 38.0 43

{

Philadeipliia

Pillshnrgh

Block

l.sland

....

.J3 1

t

-;

(

..

.

1

;

...

.

..

..

I

'

.

1

f

'

4

J,,

.

I

..

'

.

,

...

I

1

..

(

The minus () sig;i in lica reau, uud repjrt is thereforei

58

T'he

Ancient and Modern Year.Simcatljcr JFIags

OF THS WEATHER BUREAU,The Weather

U. S.

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.

Bureau furnishes, when practicable, for the benefit of all interests dependent upon weather coadiiions. the "Forecasts" which are prepared daily at the Central Office in Washington, D. C.,aud certain designated stations. These forecasts are telegraphed to stations of the Weather Bureau, railway officials, postmasters, and many others, to be communicated to the public by means of flags or steam whistles. The flags adopted for this purpose are five in number, and of the forms and colors indicated below:

EXPLANATION OF WEATHER FLAGS.No.1.

No.

2.

No.

3.

No.Flag.

4.

No.centre.

5.

White

Flag.

Blue Flag.

White and Blue

Black Triangular Flag. White Flag withblack square in

Clear or fair weather.

Rain or snow.is

Local rain or snow.

Temperature.

Cold wave.

placed above number 1, 2, or 3, it indicates warmer: when below, During colder; when not displayed, the temperature is expected to remain about stationary. the late Spruig and curly Fall the cold- wave Hag is also used to indicate antJicipated frosts.

When number 4

WHISTLE SIGNALS.warn.ing blast of from fifteen to twenty seconds duration is sounded to attract attention. After this warnimg the longer blasts (of from four to six seconds duration) refer to \veather, and shorter blasts {cA from one to t4iree seconds duration) refer to temperature; those for weather are sounded first.Blasts.

A

One long

Indicate. Fair weather.

Bla.sts.

Indicate.

One short

Lower temperature.Higher temperature. Cold wave.

Two

long Three long

Rain or snow.Local rain or snow.

Two

short Three short

times, with intervals of ten seconds, liability to error in reading the signals may be avoided. As far as practicable" the forecast messages will be telegraphed at the expense of the Weather Bureau; but if this is impracticable, they will be furnished at the regular commercial rates and sent "collect." In no case will the forecasts be sent to a second address in any place, except at the expense of the applicant. Persons desiring to display the tiags or sound the whistle signals for the benefit of the public should commiuiicate with" the Weather Bureau olficials in charge of the climate and crop service of their respective States, the central stations of which are as follows:

By repeating each combination a few

Alabama, Montgomery,Arizona, Phcenix. Arkansas, Little Rock.California,

Massachusetts. Boston(for

New

Oklahoma and Indianies,

Territor-

P'nglaiid).

Oklahoma.

San Francisco. Colorado, Denver. Florida, Jacksonville. Georgia, Atlanta. Idaho. Boise.Illinois, Hpringtield.

Michigan, Grand Rapids. Minnesota, .Minneapolis.Mississippi. Vicksburg.

Missouri, Columbia. Montana. Helena. Nebraska. Lincoln. Nevada, Reno.

Indiana, Indianapolis. Iowa, Des Moines. Kansas, Topeka.

New .Jersey, AtlanticCity. New Mexico, Santa Fe. New York, Ithaca.

Oregon, Portland. Pennsylvania, Philadelpliia. South Carolina, Columbia. South Dakota, Huron. Tennessee, Nashville. Te.xas, Galveston. Utah, Salt Lake.

Richmond. Washington, Seattle.Virginia,

Kentucky, Louisville.Louisiana,

New

Orleans.

Maryland, Baltimore (for Delaware and Maryland).

North Carolina, Raleigh. North Dakota, Bismarck. Ohio, Columbus.

West V^irginia, Parkersburg. Wisconsin. Milwaukee.

Wyoming, Cheyenne.

OTje lUncient anlrThe

J^oUcrn cai%;

.Athenians began the year in June, the Macedonians in September, the Romans first in March and afterward in January, the Persians on August 11, the ancient IMexicauson February 23, the Mohammedans in July. The Chinese year, which begins early in February, is similar to the Mohammedan in having 12 mouths of 29 and 30 days alternately but in every nineteen years there are seven years which have 13 mouths. This is not quite correct, and the Cliinese have therefore formed a cycle of 60 years, in which period 22 intercalary mouths occlh=.

.^

^ossJ)jj^lglUmng in the" United

.States.

59

OF THE WEATHER BUREAU, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF v.rtiou!. i URE. AGRICULTURE STORM WARNINGS.

Northeasterly winds.c,,^rrr

Southeasterly winds

Northwesterlv winds.

8'Mith\Testerlv winds.

^^"^"'^^'-

exp?Sed.tl.at

-A

Red, '^''

bifick centre. "'">- Centre.

red flag with a blacl. centre mdicates that a storm of

marked violence

Is

^^or^l^elilT^^^X^^Ii^^^^^^^

the wind; red, easterly (from

the wind is expected to blow frmi the no rtherU Q,m r-nui hi nlP^'f""^"^^''"''^ \''^ ^^^S mdicates J^v night a red light indicates easterU q>'^drants. w kK a nd a wh te he'lft ^^ '^^ "^'^^ westerly Harricmie nVir;uno. -Two red fla-s With haf-kppnfra^H,c..r khnVl ',"!-i^'''r'"/V''^'"'>' winds, ^ expected approach of a tropical hM^dcae and '^' ^''^^'' '"^'o

=1

a af

St,at or Trrritory

E

"H

2-

a

Statiom.O-'t

-a

oAlii.

I

Oilliss..

t

O

I

O

f

Montgomery...Moliile

Alaska

Florence Sitka St. PaulSt. Micliael

Yukon Cape SmythFort

86 18 - 2 19 H8 3 - 4 " + 87 43 - 3 3l| !57 3135 20 -29 53 !57 48lo:i 22 -23 52 "1 -21 311 + 63 29 162

++

3 53 b\ 3 8

OxfordJefferson City.St.

iUo

..

Louis...

6t;

....171.

Ariz.

Prescott

Yuma

Nogales

J3'2 i:il |:J4

Ark.C'al..

Little Rock Sacramento San Francisco.

:J8

137..'34'i-i

Los Angeles...

Col

.

San Diego. DenverHartford .Xew Haven

?9 Jl14I

ConnDl

Dover..

j:w.... :i8

34 145 \y, -34 0! 18,156 39 -31 30 +12.0 2.0 -IL 22 44I114' 37 -13 7 1.0 11 58 2.0 20(110 56 14' 92 3.7 16 - 6 15 34! 121 30 0.0 16 12 0.0 48 122 2 0.0 4118 15 14 14 0.0 13 37 43117 10 -13 13 3.0 45llU5 46 2.0 40 + 10 37 18 10 8 2.0 55 9 2.8 31 6 42

+ +

3.0 7.0 5.0

.>lon...

Kansas City. HelenaLincoln

Neb...

34 38 38 39 46 40

Nevada. CarsonN. H N. .1 N. .Iex N. Y

OmahaCity

Eureka ConcordPreuton Santa Fe

Albany New YorkIthacaBuffalo Raleigh

N. N.

V,

DMt. of Washington Col Florida Tallaliassee.lacksonville

+-

+

Dak

Wilmington..

..

Ohio1

Bismarck Pembina ColumbusClevelandCincinnati

53 77 30 26 8481 81 84H)!7

(1+5-

....I30

5 41 3717

3.0 3.5 3.49 3 37

Key West(iJeorgia AtlantaSavaniiali

-24 ,33

2 281

Okia Oregoni'aIt..-i.

Guthrie Portland HarrisburgPhiladelphia. Pittsburgh I'rovidence.

il

_ -

31

IdaliaIlli:ioi!..

B(>is6

43;iy

1168

Springlield.

.50

ChicagolM!l.Tr Iniliana..\toka Indianapolis Fort Wayne

\v 54 H724 96 86 41 85 .'11 93 \i 30 9034'

18 131 - 3 o7I

+

1

4

39

-

22-1

4.6 3.4 4.0 4.04.4

c

r

ColumbiaCharlestonPierre

s.

Dak......

Iowa

Des Moines

Dubuque iiansa!^. Topeka

TennTex.

Yankton.N'ashville

4.6

KnoxvUle.......

.....37..

KyJ.

Wichita Frankfort

97 20

..

Paducah[jouisville

37

Orleans... 30 Shreveport 33

New

Baton Rouge...

38 30

- 46

Maine..TW..3Ia$i.i

..

.\ugusta Portland Rastport .\nnapolis

Baltimore BostonSpringfield

43 39 70 44 hA 66 Ol 58 59 5 29 5 39 161 35 42 22, 4+12 32i+ll 24 142 6

+16 +14 +19

+ +

+ + + + + 18 + 13 + 33 + 44' + 38 + 26 ++ +

3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.5 1.0 1.3

MemphisAustin

San Antonio.... HoustonGalveston El Paso

UtahFt

Lake OgdenSalt

Montpelier Burlington

0.0 3.0 3.01

VaWash.\V. Va.

RichmondNorfolk

24!

Lynchburg Olympia Walla Walla...Charleston..'....

llichI>Iinn...>Iis8...

LansingDetroit

1

..

MarquetteSt.

Paul

Duluth Jackson

42 46 .44 46 32

21'

33 58

4619

1+ 1 10 83 3I+ 1 25 + 2 87 22 3 93 5!- 8 16 92 4; -12 5 90 12|- 5 18+

Chej'enne Wyo. EXTHE.ME VALUES.3.5

+ + +

4 54

Wis

...

Wheeling, Madison Milwaukee.Su|)eriorCity

...

5

89 33 - 5 35. 92 9 6 38 90 16 4 7 94 38 - 8 37|ll2 2 -18 9 49| 96 42 41 16 95 58 - 8 39 10 119 46 -16 -16 39 31 115 58 12 43 12 71 29i 40 13| 74 44 1^2 35 41 105 57 42 40 73 45 + ^\ 40 43 74 9 7 42 27 76 29 42 55 78 54 6 2 35 4 78 38 :i4 13 77 56 + 1 -14 46 48 100 47 48 58 97 14 -10 40 83 2 41 30 81 42 39 8 84 25 - 1 - 8 45*31 122*41 -22 6 40 16 76 53 .!9 58 7 75 10 40 28 80 1 3 41 50 71 24 +12 34 81 2 Iaine

Mo. of Green R.l (Brunswick). '47

|

\

laskal.oll'

.

DemarcationPoint. 69 41141

19

68 lo'+2] 11

o!-39 4O'+10.O

CONQUESTS.

CubaPorto

iHavanaSantiago!Sun .luan

23 20

81

82 221- 2 32!+ 3.0

Rico. Ponce Manila, 120o 58'

75 50 18 291 66 7l+ 17 59, 66 40+

-

34 55

+ +

Haw'ul!!(lainl.>*

iHoiioliilu

2.5'

\Vaiuiea.

21 18|157 .52 20 2 155 38,14

10 21 - 1.5 9 29 - 1.5-

45|+

2.ol 2.o'

Philip,

piues

..

.IManila

351

53

-

1.0

East.

Latitude

and

LiO)igitade

Table.

63

Hatitu^cSpecially>

(LoxGiTiTDK

autJ HouBitutrc CaJjic. Reckoned from Greexwich. ) prepared for The World Almanac.S.

n

43 4 37 N. 5 67 37. 8 W. 13 4 8 N. 6 20 69. 4 E. 40 24 30 N. 014 4.5. 4 W. 14 35 25 N. 8 3 50 .OK. ytj 4750 N. 11 4 E. Marseilles* 43 18 18 N. 21 34 6 PJ. Algiers* 40 27 42 X. 2 9 Melbourne, Vic* Allegheny, Pa.* 37 49 53 S. 9 39 54. 1 E. iJl 1143 N. 26. 7 E. Mexico (city;* Alexandria, Kgj'pt 19 26 2 N. 6 36 26. 7 W. 42 22 17 N. 4 ,60 4. 7 \A' Monrovia. Liberia 6 19 5 N. AiuUerst, Mass.* 43 16. W. Montreal, Que. * Ann Arbor, Mich.*. .. 42 16 48 N. 5 34 55 2 ^^ 45 30 17 N. 4 54 18. 7 W. 38 58 54 N. 6 5 56. 5 V\ 55 45 20 N. 2 30 17. 2 E. Annapolis, Md. * Moscow* 49 42 Antipodes Island S. 11 54 52. BE. Mount HamiUon,Cal.*37 20 24 N. 8 6 34. W. 13 48 56 S. 11 26 59.7 E. 48 8 45 N. Apia, Samoa Munich* 46 26. 1 E. 64 32 6 N. 2 42 14.0E. 56 32 51 N. 4 6 42. 7 W. Archangel. Russia... Nam, Labrador 54 2113 N. 26 35. 4 Armagh. Ireland* Kaples* 40 51 46 N. 57 1. 8E. 9 22 9 N. 5 19 39 Aspin\vall.S.A.,Lt \V Nashville, Tenn.* 36 8 54 N. 6 47 12. W. 46 11 19 N. 8 15 18 8 W. Nassau. Bahama-S; Astoria, Ore 25 5 37 N. 5 9 27. 8 W. .37 58 21 N. 1 34 64. 9 E. Natal, a Africa* 29 50 47 S. Athens, Greece* 2 4 1. 2 E. 52 56 1 N. 11 32 49.6 E. 41 18 36 N. 4 51 42. 1 W. Attn Island, Alaska New Haven, Ct.* 2 34 8 4 W. New Orleans (Mint) Bahla, Brazil 13 37 S. 29 57 46 N. 6 13. 9 W. 39 17 48 N. 5 6 26 W. New York (Coin. Col.)* 40 45 23 N. 4 56 63. 6 W. Baltimore, Md 6 7 40 S. Nice. France* 43 4317 N. Batavia, Java 29 12. 2E. 7 7 13 7 E. Belize. Honduras 17 29 20 N. 6 u2 46. 7 W. Norfolk, Va. (Navy Yd) 36 49 33 N. 5 611. W. 51 53 O N. 3 4i 29 6 W. North Cape Belle Isle, Lt N. 1 42 40. OE. 71 11 .52 30 17 N. O 53 34. 9 E. Northfield. Minn.* Berlin, Prussia* 44 27 42 N. 6 12 36. 8 W. 4 19 18 3 W. Odessa, Russia* i'>erinuda, Dock Yard .32 19 24 N. 46 28 37 N. 2 3 2. 2 E. IW 53 45 N. 4 .61 16 7 E. Bombaj'* Ogden, Utah* 4113 8 N. 7 27 59. 6 W. 50 43 45 N. 28 23 3 E. Bonn, Germany* Oxford. Eng. (Univ.)*.. .51 45 34 N. 5 4 W. 44 50 17 N. Bordeau.x, France* 2 6 4 W. Panama, ColonibiaT. 8 57 6 N. 518 8 8 W. 42 21 28 N. 4 44 16 3 W. Para. Brazil Boston State Htmse 1 26 59 S. 314 O. W. Briilgetown, Barbados. .13 5 42 N. 3 68 29 3 W. Paris. France* 48 50 12 N. 9 20. 9E. 60 .^>1 10 N. Bru.ssels, Belgium* Pensacola, Fla., Lt 17 28 6 E. 30 20 47 N. 5 49 14. 1 W. 34 36 30 S. 3 53 28 9 W. Pernambuco, Brazil. Lt. 8 3 22 S. Buenos Ay res 2 19 27. 8 W. 22 33 25 N. 6 53 20 7 E. Port au Prince, Havti ..18 33 54 N. 4 49 28. o Calcutta.. 12 4 3 S. W. Philadelphia. Pa.*..". 5 9 3 Callao, Peru,T.t 39 57 7 N. 5 38. 5 W. 52 12 52 N. 22 7 E. Cambridge, iig. * Point Barrowt N. 10 25 O. W. 71 27 42 22 48 N. 4 44 31 W. Portland. Me Cambridge, Ma.ss.* 43 39 28 N. 4 41 1. 2 W. 23 6 35 N. 7 33 46 3 E. Port Louis Mauritius. ..20 8 46 S. Canton, China 3 49 67. 7E. 42 2 21 N. 4 4014 6 W, Port Said, Egvpt.Lt 31 15 45 N. 2 915. 5E. Cape Cod, Mass. Lt 5 2 5 0W. Port Spain. Trinidad 10 38 39 N. 4 6 2. 5 W. C. Hatteras, N. C. Lt ...35 1514 N. 36 55 29 N. 6 4 2 W. P.Stanley, Falkland Is. 51 41 10 S. 3 61 26. W. Cape Henry, Va. ,Lt 55 58 41 S. W. Prague, Bohemia* Cape Horn 4 29 5 50 519 N. 67 40. 3E. 38 55 56 N. 4 59 60 7 W. Princeton. N. J.* 40 20.68 N, 4 58 37. 5 W. Cape May, N. J. Lt Providence. R. I,* Cape Good Hope. Lt ..34 21 12 S. 1 13 ,68 O E. 41 49 46 N. 4 45 37. 6 W. Cape Prince of Wales ...65 33 30 N. 11 11 56 8 W. Quebec, Que. * 46 47 59 N. 4 44 52. 6 W. Charleston, S. C. Lt 32 4144 N. 5 19 32 O W. Richmond, Va 37 32 16 N. 5 9 44. W. CharloWetown, P. E. f .46 13 55 N. 4 12 27.5 W. Rio de Janeiro* 22 .54 24 S. 2 52 41. 4 W. Cherbourg, France 49 38.54 N. 6 32 5 W. Rochester, N. Y. * 43 9 17 N. 510 21. 8 W. Chicago, 111.* 41 50 1 N. 5 50 26 7 W. Rome, Ital.v* 41 o3 54 N. 49 56 6E. Christiauia, Nor. * 42 53 8 E. 59 64 44 N. Saigon, Cochin-China*. 10 46 47 N. 7 6 48. 7E. Cincinnati, O. * 39 8 19 N. 5 37 41 3 W. San Diego.Cal 32 43 6 N. 7 48 38. 7 W. Clinton, N.Y.* 43 3 17 N. 5 1 37 4 W. Sandy Hook,N. J. Lt...40 27 40 N. 4 56 0. 6 W, Colombo, Ceylon 6 55 40 N. 5 19 21 9 E. San Francisco, Cal.* 37 47 28 N. 8 9 42. 8 W. Constantinople 30 N. 1 66 3 7 E. 41 San Juan de Porto Rico. 18 28 66 N. 4 24 29. 8 W, Copenhagen* 55 41 13 N. 60 i8 8 E. Santiago de Cuba 20 16 N. 6 3 22. W. r)emerarai Geo' town Lt 6 49 20 N. 3 52 46 W. Savannah, (ia 32 4 52 N. 5 24 21. 7 W. Denver, Col.* 39 40 36 N. 6 59 47 6 W. Seattle, Wash... 47 36 54 N. 8 919. 9W. Dublin, Ireland* 26 21 1 W. Shangiiai, Cliina 53 23 13 N. 31 14 42 N. 8 6 5.6. 7E. Edinburgli* 55 57 23 N. 12 43 1 W. Singapore, India 1 1711 N. 6 56 25. OE. Esquimault, B. C. ,Lt ...48 25 40 N. 8 13 47 1 W. St. Helena Island 1.6 55 S. 22 .62. W. Father Point, Que. ,Lt .48 3125 N. 4 33 49 2 W. St. John's, Newfo' land. 47 34 2 N. 3 30 43. 6 \\\ Fayal, Azores 38 32 9 N. 1 .64 16 W. St. Louis, Mo.* 38 38 4 N. 6 49. 1 W. Fernandina, Fla 30 4018 N. 5 26 51 1 W. St. Petersburg. Russia*. 59 56 30 N. 2 1 13. 5E. Florence, I tal.v* 43 46 4 N. 45 1 5 E. Stockholm* 59 20 33 N. 1 12 14. OE. Funchal, Madeira 32 38 4 N. 1 7 35. 6 W. Suakim,E. Africa, Lt 19 7 N. 2 29 16. 6 E. Galveston, Tex 29 18 17 N. 619 9. 7 W. Svdnev, N. S. W. * 33 61 41 S. 10 4 49. 5E. Geiieva, Switzerland*. .46 1159 N. 24 36 8 E. Tokio,' Japan* 36 39 17 N. 9 18.68. OE. Glasgow, Scotland* ... 55 52 43 N 17 10 6 W. Tunis (Goletta Lt. 36 48 36 N. 41 14. 5E. Gibraltar 36 630 N. 21 23 3 W. Utrecht, Netherkinds* ..52 5 10 N. 20 31. 7E. Greenwich, Eng. * 0- Valparaiso, Chile 51 28 38 N. 33 1.53 S. 4 46 34. 8 W. '....44 39 38 N. Halifax, N.S 4 14 21. 1 W. Venice, Italv* 45 26 10 N. 49 22. 1 E. Hamburg, Ger. * 39 53 8 E. 53 33 7 N. Vera Cruz. Mex. Lt 19 12 29 N. 6 24 31. 8 W. Hanover. N H.* 43 42 15 N. 4 49 7 9 W. Victoria, B. C. Lt 48 26 26 N. 8 13 33. 8 W. Havana. Cuba 23 9 21 N. 5 29 26. Vienna. Austria* 48 13 56 N. 1 5 21 6E. Hobarl Town. Ta.s 42 53 25 S. 9 49 20 5 E. Warsaw, Russia* 52 13 6 N. 124 7. 4 E. Hong Kong, China* 22 18 12 N. 7 36 41.9 E. Washington. D. C. * 38 .65 16 N. 5 8 15. 7 W, Honolulu (Reef Lt. ) 21 17 55 N. 10 31 28 O Wellington. N.Z. * 41 18 1 S. 1139 6 6E. Key West. Fla. Lt 24 32 58 N 5 27 12 3 West Point. N. Y. * 41 23 22 N. 4 56 50. 6 W. Kingston, Jam 17 57 41 N. 5 7 10 7 W. Williarastown. Mass.* 42 42 30 N. 4 52 50. 4 W. Lisbon. Portugal* 38 42 31 N. 36 44 7 W. Yokohama, Japan 35 26 24 N. 9 18 36. 9 E. Liverpool* 12 17 3 W. Zanzibar (E. Consulate) 6 9 43 S. 63 24 5 N. 2 36 44. 7E. Observatories. Lt. denotes a light- house. t Highest latitude in U. S. territory.Acapiilco,41.

16 50 .'36 N Adelaide, S. Australia* .34 55 38 S. .1*2 46 40 X. Aden, Arabia 4'2 39 13 N . Aiijuuy, N.

Mex

H M6 39 9 14 2 59 4 55 12 5 20 1 59

8 20 3 E. 55 8 E. 6. 8

WW

H. M.

S.

W

Wis.* Madras, India* Madrid, Spain' Manila, LtI^rarlisou,

I

W

.

w

.

,

,

,

,

,

t

)

,

W

,

,

W W

64

The Geological

Strata.

^\)t ^roIOBfCtil cStratti.s crust is divided by most geologists into two ?reat cla-sses: Thk strata 2. To the action of fire 1. Tliose geuerallv attributed to the agency of water. which may be subdivided as follows: (a) Aqueous formations, stratified, rarely crystalline (sediraentarV or fossiliferous rocks; metaraorphic or unfossiliferous). (6) Igneous formations, uustratified.

composing the earth'

.

crvstalliue (volcanic, as basalt; platonic. as granite). The geological record is classified iiito five main divisions or perioils: 1. The Archtean, life3. Tlve Mesozoic middle life). 2. The Paheozoic (ancient life) less and "dawn of life. 4 The Cenozoic (recent life). 5. Quaternary, the age in which man' s first appearance is indicated.f

Periods.

Eras.

Series.

Subdivisions.

Quaternarj'

Age of Prhneval QuaternaryMan.

Period.

or Post Tertiary

32. i.

Recent.Cbartiptain. yiacFalPlfrtsto'cefire.

[KnglishCrag.

Cennzoic Age of Mammals.Period.

4.

Plfocene.[tp^iier Mofa-sse.

Tertiary

Era

3. 2.I.

Miocene.Ofrgoceoe.KWieene.

iRupehan *nd Pongrian

of fieigium.

4.

Laramte.Colorado.

Cpper Chalk.

CretaceoaaEra.

3.

'

Lower C halls:.Neocom;an. Weaiden.Ptirbeck

Chahc Marl.bo^^ve^

Oakota.flower

''jauit.-

Greensand.

MesozoicPeriod.

Age

of Reptiles.

rJ

Piirbeck.

Jurassic, 2. Ooh-.e.

Pari;an-nder may, in the sauie manner, place his name aud address on the b.ack or the face of the c.ird. rhe me-^sasremay be in writing or in pr nt. Cards conformns to the forejoini; c .nditions are transmissible in the domestic mails Oncludinsr the island possessions), and to places in Cuba. Canada, and Mexiio, at the postage rate of one Cent each, aud in the mails of the Postal L'nion at the posta.;e rate of two cents ea^ii, prepaid bv stam]is affixed. 3. .\ny card of foreign oriirin which, from its title in any language, appears to be a " Post Card " and conforms to the requirements of tins order as to size, form, quality, aud weight, shall be admissible to the mails (domestic or international) when pr piid in L'n ted States postage stamps. 4. Wtien post cards are preptreil liy printers and stationers for sale, they should, in addition to conformity with the requirements or this order, also liear in the up ler riirht-hand corner of the faee an oblong diagram containing the words " Piace postage stamp here," an across the l(Otto;M 'he wi-rds " This side for the address." illustrations in any color may be printed upi>n either or both sides of a post card, provided they do 5. Advertisements an not, when placed upon the face thereof, interfere with a perfectly distinct .address a:id postmark. ' Post Card " ar ..Uihor zed only on cards which conform to the Conditions prescribed by this oriler ^her 6. The words cards bearing tliese words or otherwise purporting to he issued under authority of the act ot May III. 1^9S, are unmailable as " post cards." and, whether the mes-jage be written or printed, are subject to postage at the letter rate. The^e will be 7. The privilege driven by the act is not intended to work a discontinuance of the Government postal cards. and in all correspondence will be designated " postal cards,'' to distinguish them from issue! and sold the same as heretofore ' post cards," provided for in this order.

\

by

'i

2.

i

t

;

;

Rates on specially delivered letters, ten cents on each letter in addifio'i to the regular postage. This entitles the letter to immediate delivery by special messenger. Special delivery stamps are An ordinary ten- cent stamp* affixed to a sold at post-offices, and must be affixed to such letters. The delivery, at carrier offices, extends to the limits letter will md entitle it to spet-ial delivery. At noii- carrier offices it extends to one mile from the post-office. Postof the carrier routes. masters are not obliged to deliver beyond these limits, and letters addressed to places beyond must await delivery in the usual way, notwithstanding the special delivery stamp. Prepayment by stamps invariably required. Postage on all letters should lie /"/'.'/ prepaid, but if prepaid onefull rate tind no more, they will be forwarded, and the amount of (letieioiit if wholly unpaid, or prepaid with less than one full rate and postage collected on delivery deposited at a yiost- office, the addressee will be notified to remit fiostage and if he fails to do so. tlioy will be sent to the Dead Letter Office but they will be returned to the sender if he is located at the place of mailing, and if his address be yirinted or written upon them. Letter rates are charged on all ]iroductions by the typewriter or manifold process, and on all printed imitations of typewriting; or manuscript, unless such reproductions are presented at jxxst-offii^e windows in the minimum number of twenty identical copies separately addressed. Letters (but no other c^l.ss of mail matter) will be returned to the sender free, if a reciue^ttothat effect is printed or written on the envelope. The limit of weight for first-cla.ss matter is four pounds. Prepaid letters will he re for warded from one post-office to another upon the written request of the j-ierson addressed, without additional charge for postage. The direction on forwarded letters tt ay be changed iis many times as inay be necessary to reach the person addressed.:; :

Second-Class flatter. Phis class hmludes all newspapers and periodicals exclusively in print that have beea "Entered as second-class matter, " and are regtdarly issued at stated intervals as frequently as four times a year, from a known pffice of publication or news agency, to actual sub-

)

68

Postal Informatio7i.

scribers oi" to ne\vsa,geui.s for sale, and uewspapers and publications of this class mailed by persons other tlian publishers. Publications h iving the characteristics of books and such as are not subscribed foron account of their merits, hut because of other inducements, are not eligible to secoiid-chiss privileges. Also periodical puolications of benevolent and fraternal societies, organized under the lodgo system and having a jiiembership of a thousand persons, and of the publications of strictly professional, literary, historical, and scientific societies, and incorporated institutions of learning, trade uhious, etc., provided only that these be published at stated intervals not less than four times'a year, and that tliey be printed on and be bound in paper. P.iblishers who wish to avail them.selves of the privileges of the a.ct are required to make formal application to the d-- of lading, invoices, "-'cet.s in excess of 10 ounces, for each 2 ounces or fraction thereof oi etc.) ( 1 rent. ( manuscript for publication, etc. pt Packets uot in excess of 4 ounces Rami-.ionf mc^rMTinfii^P / bampiesoimercnanaise. paekets in excess of 4 ounces, for each 2 oimces or fraction thereof 2 cents. 1 cent. Registration fee on letters or other articles 8 cents. On printert matter and commercial papers the limit of weight is 4 pi)un Is 6 ounces, excej^t that single volumes of books to Salvtidor. Canada, Mexico, Cuba, and Panama, are unrestricted as to weight. Size The limit of size is 18 inches in any one dir 'Ction, except that printed matter or commercial papers in rolls may be 30 inches lone: by 4 inches in diameter. Ordinary letters for countries of the Postal Union (except Canada and Mexico) will be forwarded, wiiether any jiostasre is prepaid on them or not. All other mailable matter must be prepaid at least Domestic rates apply to Porto Kico, Guam, Philippine Islands, Cuba, "Canal ZinK-," Repartially. public of Panama, Tutuila. and Hawaii.i:'

10 ounces

-j

)

-j

CANADA.

Letters, per oinice, Postal cards, eacli

prepayment compulsory

2 cents.1 cent. 1 cent.

Newspapers, jier 4 ounces Merchandise (not exceeding 4 pounds 6 ounces), per ounce Samples of mnrchantlise. same a^^ to other Postal Union countries. Commercial pav)ei's. same us to other Postal Union countries.Registration lee

1 cent.

8

cents.

Any article of correspondence may be registered. Packages of merchandise are subject to the regulations of either counir.v to prevent violations of the revenue laws; must not be closed against inspection, and must be so wrapped and inclosed as to be easily examined. Samples must not exceed 12 ounces in weiglit. No .sealed packages other tlian letters iu their usual and ordinary form may tje sent by mail to Canada.

SHANGHAI, CHINA.

Domestic postage rates and conditions apply to articles addressed for delivery in the city of Shanghai, but for theotiierplaces ill China (named below), served through the United States Postal Agenc\' at Shanghai, the Universal Postal Union (foreign) rates apply to letters, postal cards, and printed matter, and the domestic rate only to merchandi.se (fourth-class matter): Nanking. *Chefoo, or Yentai, *Hankow, *shanghai, Wuchang, Nt^wchwang. Takii, Wulin, Cliin Kiang, Ichang, *Ningpo, Tientsin, Kaiping, Chung King, *Yentai, or Chefoo.*Fooch()w,

Kalgan,''

Hanschovv, Kiukiang, Merchandise may also be sent by

Onrga, Wenchow, Peking, to the places marked Parcels Post'

'

*.

MEXICO.same2 ounces;Letters,-newspapers, and printed matter are now carried between the United States and Mexico at rates as in the United States. Samples. 2 cents for first 4 ounces, and 1 cent for each additional limit of weight. 12 ounces. Merchamlise other than samples ma.v be sent by Parcels Post. No sealed packages other than letters in their usual and ordinary form may be sent by mail to Mexico, nor .any package over 4 pounds 6 ounces in weight, except Parcels Post packages to certain cities. (See Parcels Post.

SAMPLES.

Packft=; of samples of merchandise are admissibl'j up to 12 ounces in weight, and the following dimensions apply to all Postal Union couutries; 12 inches.in length, 8 inches in widtli, and 4 iiichea

Postal Inforination.FOPTiHrNyik.W.'z Continued.

'

71

in depth, or if they are in the form of a roli. IJ inches iu length and 6 inches in diameter. Merchandise of salable value and ^oods not in execution of orders, or as gifts, must be paid at full letter rate, unless sent by Parcels Post to the countries with which parcels post exchange is maintained.

PARCELS

POST.

citie.s in t.'hina are included in the Parcels Post mails for Hong Kong, Shanghai. Canton, Amoy, Swatow, Foochow, Hankow, Haihow, Ningpo, Lin Kung Tan, Chefoo. A Customs declaration (furnished on api>Ucation at an.v post-office) must he attached to any Parcels for Salvador must have two declarations, and parcels for Venezuela Parcels- Post package three declarations attached. Unfrs and rondifiona /o roiuilries not in l/ie Universal Postal Union are now the same as those to Universal Postal Union countries.

Unsealed packages of mailable luerchandise may be sent by Parcels Post to Jamaica (including Turk's Island), Barbados, the Bahama^. British Honduras, Mexico, the Leeward Islands, the Republic of ColomDia. Costa Itica. .Salvador. British (Tuiana, Danish West Indies (St. Thomas. Croix, and St. .Jonn)and the Windward Islands (St. Lucia, St. V^incent, Grenada, and St. Tri'iidad. including looaiiro, Venezuela ( Bolivia and Chile, 20 cents per pound), t.he Grenadines). Newfoundland. Honduras Republic of), Germany, New Zealand, Nicaragua, (iuatemala, Norway, Japan, Hong Kong. Belgium, lireat Britain an.! Ireland, and Australia, at the following postage For a parcel not exceeding one pound in weight. 12 cents; for each additional pound or fracrate-. I'he maximum weight allowed is eleven pounds except that to certain place.s tion thereof. 12 cents. in Mexico and to all parts of Germany. Norway. Hon? Kon^, .lapan. Belgium, (ireat Britain and Ireland, and Australia the limit is 4 pounds 6 ounces, and the value of parcels for these countries must not exceed $50 -the extreme dimension* allowed for Mexico, (,'osta Rica, and Colombia bemg iwo feellength oy four feet girth, and lor the other countries not more than three feet six inches in length, nor more than six feet in length and girth combined. Parcels must be wrapped so as to Liquids, poisonous, explosive, and permit their contents to be easily examined by postmasters. Parcels "may be registered for 8 cents each to any of the inflammable substances are excluded. above places, except Barbados and Great Britain and Ireland. Parcels for the following places in China and Korea are included in the Parcels Post mails for .Tfipan, viz. In Korea -"-^eoul, Chemulpo, Pini::yan0 feet.JStKAis^URlCSiS'AMKS4 gills '2 pints pinttiuart

OF C4PAC1,TY.

Cubiclncbes.

2 quarts 2 pottles2gariotts

pottle gallon

peck

..

4 pecks 4 bushels 2 coombs

bushel,

coombquarter.

Foreign Mo)ieys.

11

BnotsThk StatuteThe'I'lieill

antr JHilr^..>Iile is 6.08( feet.

IfiJe

i~

5,2S0fei>.t.

Hriti!iii

i~- M.OS'i. 66 Icet, aiul is nx^neiuily consuleieil the 'standard, Thp nniuhpr of Phf circiiinr(M>'nC' of the earlli isdivuled iulo 360 deijrees, arrived at thus eacli devcr -e coiitaiaiui,^ 6u knots or (J60x60i, 'il,60U knots to the circumference 21.6W0 divided into 131.385,453 the uuuiber of feet lu lue earth's circumference gives 6,082 Gki feet the length of

Statute KnotIS

A'huiraitv

li.:ot or

Nautical

feet

a statute knot

a standard mile. 1 knot =1,151 miles 4 knots = 4.606 iinlf's 20 knots 2 knots 2. 303 niies 5 k nuts = 5 757 miles 25 knots 3.454 miles 10 knots = 11 515 miles o knots 6 feeli

I

"=

|

= 23 0:10 miles 600 feet 28.787 miles 10 cables = 1 fathom[]

1 cable

1 knot

WITH AMKRU'AN EUUWKiGIITS.

I

V ALKNT.S..

The Ronvaii libra or pound = 10 oz. 18 i)wt. 13 5-7 srr. Trov. The Attica minaor pound - 11 iz. 7 pwt. 16 2-7 gr Trov. The Attica talent (60 miuae) = 56 lbs 11 oz pwt 17 1-7 yr. Troy. DRV MKASI'KK. The Grecia!! fnrlonsr = 504 ft. 4 15 inches. The Roman modus = 1 pk. 2-9 pint. The Grecian mile = 4030 ft. The Attic chcsnix = nearly \% pints. MD.VEY. The Attic medimnus = 4 ))k. 6 1-10 pints. The quad rails 1 1-10 mills. LI'll"ll> MK.ASCI'.K. Theas=. 1 3 10 mills. The cotyle = a little over K^ \V\nt. The sestertius = 3 58 -f cents The cyathiis = a little over'li^ pints. Thesestertiuni (1.000 sestertii) ^^ $35.80+. The chus = a little over (S% pints. The denarius = 14.35