Papper Battery 1

7/29/2019 Papper Battery 1

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PAPERBATTERY

Presented by;

Anandhakrishnan v s


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Cellulose Paper

+ Nano-technology

An Overview of the battery technologythat powers our mobile society.


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INTRODUCTIONA paper battery is an ultra-thin electric battery engineered to use a spacer

formed largely ofcellulose (the major constituent of paper). It

incorporates nanoscale structures to act as high surface-area electrodes to

improve the conduction of electricity. Paper batteries are thin, flexible

and environment-friendly, allowing integration into a wide range

of products. Their functioning is similar to conventionalchemical batteries with the important difference that they are

non-corrosive and do not require a bulky housing.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_batteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoscopic_scalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoscopic_scalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_battery


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Battery Chemistry

Electrochemical reaction - a chemical

reaction between elements which creates

electrons.

Oxidation occurs on the metals

(electrodes), which creates the electrons.

Electrons are transferred down the pile via

the saltwater paper (the electrolyte).

A charge is introduced at one pole, which

builds as it moves down the pile.


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CONSTRUCTION The device functions as both a lithium-ion battery

and a super-capacitor, which stores charge like abattery but has no electrolyte. The paper batteryprovides a long, steady power output as against a

conventional battery and also as a super-capacitor'squick burst of high energy. The ionic liquidelectrolyte that is soaked into the paper is a liquidsalt and contains no water, so it won't freeze or boil.The paper battery also uses no toxic chemicals. Notonly does it help power electronic devices, but inlarger configurations the paper battery could bemoulded into shapes like the door of a car.


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Recharge-ability & the memory

effect

Recharge-ability: basically, when the direction

of electron discharge (negative to positive) is

reversed, restoring power.The Memory Effect: (generally) When a

battery is repeatedly recharged before it has

discharged more than half of its power, it willforget its original power capacity.


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APPLICATIONS

The paper-like quality of the battery combinedwith the structure of the nanotubes embeddedwithin gives them their light weight makingthem attractive for portable

electronics, aircrafts, automobiles, and toys (suchas model aircrafts), while their ability to useelectrolytes in blood make them potentiallyuseful for medical devices such as pacemakers.

The medical uses are particularly attractivebecause they do not contain any toxic materialsand can be biodegradable.


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ADVANTAGES

Non-toxic

Light-weight and thin

Contains liqued salt, which will not freeze orboil

Portable

Small size


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DISADVANTAGES

Have Low Shear strength: They can be torneasily.

There is a caution that commercial applications maybe a long way away, because nanotubes are still

relatively expensive to fabricate. Currently, they are making devices a few inches in

size.

In order to be commercially viable, they would like

to be able to make them newspaper size, a sizewhich taken all together would be powerful enoughto power a car.


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PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE

High Tensile strength; Low ShearStrength

Biodegradable

Biocompatible

Excellent Porosity & Absorption Capacity

Easily Reusable and Recyclable Non Toxic


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Nano-Science and-Technology

The attempt to manufacture andcontrol objects at the atomic andmolecular level (i.e. 100 nanometers

or smaller).1 nanometer = 1 billionth of a meter(10-9)

1 nanometer : 1 meter :: 1 marble :Earth

1 sheet of paper = 100,000

nanometers


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It is a hybrid energy storage device thatcombines characteristics of batteries and

super capacitors.

It takes the high energy storage capacity ofthe battery and the high energy density of

the super capacitor which producing bursts

of extreme power.

What is Nanocomposite paper


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Materials and Description

This energy storage device is based on two basic materials:carbon nanotubes and cellulose.Also an ionicliquid provides

the third component: electrolyte. Engineered together, they

form nanocompositepaper. It is as thin and flexible as a piece

of paperit can be twisted, folded, rolled and cut to fit any

space without losing any of its energy. The paper battery canalso be stacked to boost the total power output.


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How it is made

To create this paper we have to first dissolve the

cellulose in the ionic liquid and then infiltrate thecellulose paper with aligned carbon nanotubeswhich form the uniform film.

Then it is solidified on dry ice, after this it is

soaked in ethonal to remove the ionic liquid and

dried in a vacume, which gives us our final product:

Nanocomposite paper.


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Paper battery offers future power

The black piece of paper can power a small light.

Flexible paper batteries could meet the energydemands ofthe next generation of gadgets.

The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one day

power a car.

The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power

storage.

The versatile paper, which stores energy like a conventional

battery, can also double as a capacitorcapable of releasing

sudden energy Bursts for high-power applications.


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CONCLUSION

This energy storage device is cost-effective because the

device can be able to be used in the smallest and mostdiversly designed electronics. Such as cellphones, mp3

players and medicalequipment.

The reasearchers say that it can also be used in

automobiles and aircraft. But it has a poor processibility,

being that it is particularly insoluble of infuseble. Lastly,

the use of ionicliquid makes the device environmentally

friendly; a major concern in nanotechnology.


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Links to References

http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery.htm

http://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%

2520battery

http://www.batteryuniversity.com

http://news-

service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire

-010908.html

http://www.nano.gov/html/research/industry.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fuller

http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.ph

p
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery6.htmhttp://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://www.batteryuniversity.com/http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://www.nano.gov/html/research/industry.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fullerhttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fullerhttp://www.nano.gov/html/research/industry.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://www.batteryuniversity.com/http://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery6.htm

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Papper Battery 1

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