PARABIT SOLO Hot-Melt Bituminous Waterproofing System...Hot Melt Monolithic Membranes may be laid to...

INSTALLATION MANUAL V1.2

Hot-Melt Bituminous Waterproofing System PARABIT SOLO

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PARABIT SOLO Installation Manual

Contents Contents ....................................................................................................................................................... 2

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4

Hot Melt Waterproofing ..................................................................................................................................................4

PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing: System Benefits ...............................................................................................4

Correct Specification ..................................................................................................................................... 5

Roof Types.......................................................................................................................................................................5

Product Range at a Glance ............................................................................................................................. 7

System Components ........................................................................................................................................................7

Primers .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

System .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Protection Sheets .................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

System Ancillaries ................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Thermal Insulation .................................................................................................................................................................................. 8

Delivery and Storage of Materials ...................................................................................................................................9

Tools and Equipment .................................................................................................................................. 10

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 10

Equipment ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 10

System Application ..................................................................................................................................... 11

General ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

Working conditions ............................................................................................................................................................................... 11

Pre-start / Pre-commencement ............................................................................................................................................................ 11

Substrate Preparation ................................................................................................................................................... 12

System Installation ........................................................................................................................................................ 13

Preparation of the PARABIT Hot Melt Compound ......................................................................................................... 14

Membrane Application: Details Area............................................................................................................................. 15

Membrane Termination ................................................................................................................................................ 21

Membrane Application: Field Area ................................................................................................................................ 22

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Typical Roof Scenarios ................................................................................................................................. 23

Warm Inverted Roof System ......................................................................................................................................... 24

Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 24

Waterproofing System .......................................................................................................................................................................... 24

Drainage Layer ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 24

Thermal Insulation ................................................................................................................................................................................ 24

Ballast ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24

Green Roof System ........................................................................................................................................................ 25

Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 25


Root Barrier .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 25

Drainage Layer ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 25

Thermal Insulation ................................................................................................................................................................................ 25

Green Roof System /Ballast .................................................................................................................................................................. 25

Plaza/Podium Decks / Terraces ..................................................................................................................................... 26

Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 26


Drainage Layer ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

Paving ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

Completion ................................................................................................................................................. 27

Quality Assurance ......................................................................................................................................................... 27

Integrity Testing .................................................................................................................................................................................... 27

After Care & Maintenance ............................................................................................................................................. 28

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Introduction The Icopal Group is focused on the manufacture and supply of high end products for waterproofing flat and pitched roofs. Icopal’s

experience in this sector dates back almost 165 years and continues to grow, resulting in a product portfolio which is one of the most

comprehensive within the UK roofing industry.

Hot Melt Waterproofing PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing Membrane is a tough and very flexible monolithic waterproofing membrane manufactured from

a special blend of bitumen, synthetic rubbers, polymers and other additives, which when combined with an open weave glass

reinforcement mesh and protection sheet, is ideal for use in protected roofs, plaza decks and green roof installations.

Designed for concrete substrates, PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing Membrane provides the optimum waterproofing solution,

where large roof areas can be covered very quickly permitting the progression of other trades internally.

PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing: System Benefits

� Excellent physical characteristics

� Very quick application process

� Fully bonded membrane

� Very flexible system

� Complimentary range of accessories

� Robust membrane

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Correct Specification

Roof Types There are generally four types of roof in which PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System is used:

Inverted Warm Roof

Sometimes referred to as an ‘upside down’ roof, the thermal

insulation is positioned above the roof covering, resulting in the roof

covering, structural deck and ceiling being at a temperature close to

that of the interior of the building.

Since the insulation is above the waterproofing system the insulation

must be water-resistant and it must be ballasted to prevent floatation

of the insulation boards and to protect against wind uplift. Therefore,

the roof deck must be capable of withstanding the additional loading

of a ballasted roof.

Green Roof

Extensive or intensive green roof build-ups can be installed above the

completed hot melt waterproofing layer, acting as ballast and a water

attenuation system.

For further assistance, refer to the Icopal Green Roof Brochure or

contact Icopal’s technical department.

Plaza / Podium Decks

Many modern buildings incorporate landscaped or paved areas over

basement or subterranean areas such as car parks. These areas are

often used as recreation or circulation space between buildings. Being

roofs they still require a durable waterproofing system to be installed.

Balconies / Terraces

A balcony is typically on the outside of a building accessed from a

window or door enclosed by a suitable handrail. Terraces tend to be

areas within the footprint of the building providing access for public

traffic.

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Hot Melt Code of Practice January 2014 (Liquid Roof Waterproofing Association)

Zero Pitched Falls

Hot Melt Monolithic Membranes may be laid to zero pitched falls in accordance with certification from the British Board of Agrément

(BBA). In such applications thermal calculations should be carried out in accordance with ETAG 031 (Guideline for European Technical

Approval of Inverted Roof Insulation Kits). Further guidance can be found in the BBA Information Bulletin No. 4 ‘Inverted Roofs – Drainage

and U-Value Calculations’.

Zero pitched roofs are defined as flat roofs with a slope between 0 – 0.7°. It is essential to identify suitable drainage points to facilitate

the effective removal of rainwater. Existing structures may require a detailed analysis to determine overall and local deflection as well as

the direction of falls. It is considered good practice to design new roofs with a 1:40 slope to compensate for future settlement or

deflection.

Ponding Water

Flat roofs are usually constructed with slight falls, typically 1:80, which allow water to drain away. Minor constructional variations in the

plane of the surface will allow the collection of water which has no way of draining. It is therefore advisable to design falls greater than

the required finished falls to allow for construction tolerances and dead and imposed loads.

However, Hot Melt Monolithic Waterproofing systems are not constrained by the same falls requirements as warm flat roofs, where the

waterproofing is the upper visible layer. Hot Melt Monolithic Waterproofing systems are commonly constructed as inverted roofs, the

waterproofing is beneath the insulation and any applied finish. A loose laid water control layer is typically installed above the insulation

and beneath the ballast/paving/green roof layer, this controls the travel of water within the roof build-up enabling drainage at insulation

level and deck level.

NOTE: for the water control layer to operate effectively, the inverted roof should be designed with a positive fall and in accordance with

BBA Information Bulletin No. 4 and the manufacturer’s instructions (Hot Melt Code of Practice January 2014 - LRWA).

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Product Range at a Glance

The PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing Membrane is ideal for inverted roof constructions above a concrete substrate where there is

a requirement to achieve a waterproof barrier early on in the construction process.

System Components

Primers

� Icopal QD Bitumen Primer is suitable for application to a variety of substrates, in order to seal and

improve the adhesion of bituminous waterproofing treatments.

� Siplast Primer is a high penetration bitumen based primer intended for use above concrete

substrates where use of the QD Bitumen Primer proves difficult.

System

� PARABIT Hot-Melt Compound is a tough and very flexible monolithic waterproofing membrane

made from a special blend of bitumen, synthetic rubbers, polymers and other additives.

� PARABIT SOLO Reinforcement Mesh is an open weave glass fibre reinforcing mesh.

� Power Elastomeric 250 Sand is a polyester reinforced SBS-modified elastomeric bitumen

membrane. Both the upper and lower surfaces are finished with silica sand to prevent sticking in

the roll. It is used as a waterproofing capsheet with all side and end laps sealed.

� Rootbar Sanded Capsheet is a polyester reinforced SBS-modified elastomeric bitumen membrane

with root inhibiting additives. The upper surface is finished with silica sand to prevent sticking in

the roll. It is used as a waterproofing capsheet with all side and end laps sealed.

Protection Sheets

� Detailing: Thermaweld Mineral is a torch-applied polyester reinforced SBS-modified elastomeric

bitumen membrane. The upper surface is finished mineral granules, and the lower surface is

finished with a thermofusible film which is removed by the gas torch during application.

Thermaweld Mineral is used as a membrane capsheet at details where the waterproofing is

exposed to sunlight /UV radiation.

� Detailing: Rootbar Mineral Capsheet is torch-applied polyester reinforced SBS-modified

elastomeric bitumen membrane with root inhibiting additives. The upper surface is finished with

green mineral granules, and the lower surface is finished with a thermofusible film which is

removed by the gas torch during application. The self-finished mineral surface provides a

decorative and solar reflective finish for the waterproofing system, and is used for detail work.

Rootbar products are used as waterproofing membranes and root inhibitor beneath green roof

system buildups.

System Ancillaries

� Neodyl Joint Strip is an unreinforced elastomeric bitumen membrane used to bridge the expansion

joint gap between adjacent waterproofing membranes.

� Neodyl Chord is a flexible extruded cord made from synthetic rubber used as a joint filler/backer

rod.

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Thermal Insulation

� Thermazone Hydroshield IVR is an expanded polystyrene (EPS) board made from a low water

absorption polystyrene bead with a typical density of 30 to 32 kg/m3.

Thermazone Hydroshield is to be used in conjunction with the Monarperm TP 160 water reducing

layer.

� Thermazone IVR is a rigid extruded polystyrene (XPS) board with a typical compressive strength of

300 kPa.

Thermazone IVR is to be used in conjunction with the Monarperm TP 160 water reducing layer.

� Cement Faced XPS Insulation is an extruded polystyrene (XPS) insulation with a 6mm cement

facing used for insulating upstands and protecting the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Membrane from UV

degradation, and is available upon request (supplied by others).

Water Reducing Layer

� Monarperm TP 160 water reducing layer is a waterproof non-woven polypropylene membrane for

use over the inverted roof insulation boards to reduce the cooling effect caused by rain water

getting between the insulation boards thereby helping improve U-value performance. Joints are

tape sealed.

Ballast

� This is typically in the form of 20 – 40mm diameter river-washed stone, or 50 mm thick concrete

paving slabs placed on support pads to facilitate drainage across the surface of the membrane

below. The ballast provides weight to prevent flotation of the insulation, and resist wind uplift

forces. Paving slabs may also be used on heavily trafficked roofs, such as podium roofs and

terraces.

Clarification should be sought concerning the appropriate depth of ballast required to successfully

restrain the thermal insulation and system to the roof.

Thermazone Hydroshield IVR Insulation XPS Insulation

Cement-faced XPS Insulation, at details Monarperm TP160 water reducing layer

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Delivery and Storage of Materials

PARABIT Hot Melt Compound

PARABIT Hot Melt Compound is packed in a cardboard box with a silicon coating on the

inside to allow for easy removal of the bitumen compound. The outer cardboard

packaging can be set aside for recycling.

The storage time of the compound is unlimited.

60 No. 10 kg blocks per pallet.

Bitumen Membranes

The membranes are delivered to site in rolls secured with paper wrapper or belly bands bearing the

product name, and batch stickers. The material when removed from the pallet must be stood on end on

a flat level surface, under cover and away from exposure to the sun and away from heat sources.

Mechanical damage must also be avoided.

Do not store where membranes are liable to come into contact with hydrocarbon solvents, such as

petroleum spirit or diesel oil or other organic solvents.

Insulation Boards

Insulation boards are delivered shrink wrapped on wooden pallets and marked with a coloured stripe to

indicate the grade, and a label detailing the product name, board size grade and date of manufacture.

The polythene packaging of insulation products should not be considered adequate for long term

outdoor protection. Ideally, boards should be stored inside a building. If, however, outside storage

cannot be avoided, then the boards should be stacked clear of the ground and covered with a polythene

sheet or weatherproof tarpaulin. Mechanical damage must also be avoided. Do not store where the

boards are liable to come into contact with solvents or hydrocarbons.

Monarperm TP160 water reducing layer

Monarperm is delivered to site in rolls individually shrink-wrapped and bearing the manufacturer's

name and product description. Rolls must be stored horizontally on a clean dry surface and under cover

for protection from the sunlight and any mechanical damage.

Primers

Product must be stored under cover on a flat, level, and clean surface away from sources of direct heat,

ignition, including pilot lights and sparks. Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Consult the product MSDS for full information.

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Tools and Equipment

Introduction The following is intended as a basic list of tools and equipment and their operation necessary to install a PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt System.

Depending on the project, other tools and equipment may be required.

Additionally, these instructions are provided as recommended guidelines to follow to ensure proper performance of the equipment and

successful installation of the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Membrane. Icopal does not endorse or recommend any particular brand of

equipment.

Equipment

� Thermostatically Controlled Bitumen Boiler

An air or oil jacketed bitumen boiler with thermostatic controls and continuous agitation.

� Buckets

A galvanised metal ‘V’ lipped bucket with handles to facilitate transport and pouring of the PARABIT bitumen compound. Buckets should

be cleaned at the end of each working day.

� Ladles

If preferred and safe to do so, a galvanised metal ladle may be used for transferring/pouring the PARABIT Hot Melt Compound.

� Scraper

A metal scraper may be required.

� Cutting Tools

Cutting tools, such as a fixed blade utility knife, eg Stanley Knife, with both straight and hook blades. Large scissors may also be required.

� Personal Protective Equipment

Gloves, Overalls, Goggles, Boots, Masks and other personal protective equipment (PPE) will be required.

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System Application

General

Working conditions

Do not apply membrane if temperature is less than 0 °F (-18 °C) or to a damp, frosty, snow covered or contaminated surface.

Any surface dampness can seriously affect adhesion of the membrane. Residual excessive dampness within the substrate can result in

blistering. After a period of rainfall, allow at least one full day of good drying conditions.

Pre-start / Pre-commencement

Co-ordinate the waterproofing work with other trades. The applicator should have sole right of access to the specified areas for the time

needed to complete the application.

Protect adjoining surfaces not to be waterproofed against damage or spoiling. Protect plants, vegetation and animals which might be

affected by waterproofing operations.

Warn personnel against breathing of vapours and contact of material with skin or eyes. Wear applicable protective clothing and

respiratory protection gear where applicable. Refer to relevant material safety data sheet.

Keep flammable products away from spark or flame. Do not allow the use of spark producing equipment during application until all

vapours have dissipated. Post, ‘NO SMOKING’ signs.

Maintain work area in a neat and orderly condition, removing empty containers, rags and rubbish daily from the site.

Refer to NBS J31 specification document for confirmation of system build up.

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Substrate Preparation

Density of Concrete

The following are the types of concrete used in construction with their acceptability to receive the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt System:

� In-situ Concrete: Structural concrete will have a density of 2,160 kg/m³ to 2,500 kg/m³ and will retain 3 to 5% moisture by

volume when cured. Concrete with high moisture content requires a minimum curing period of 28 days to ensure adequate

drying.

Low density concrete (less than 1,850 kg/m³) will create adhesion difficulties due to the friable / dusty nature of the surface.

� Precast Concrete: Where the pre-cast concrete units provide a smooth and level surface, the joints between the units can be

grouted in readiness to receive the specified PARABIT Hot Melt system. Joints should be locally reinforced using a strip of the

PARABIT SOLO Angle Reinforcing Strip embedded into the PARABIT Hot Melt Compound. Where the surface of the units are

not acceptable, a structural concrete layer above the pre-cast units will be required.

� Concrete Block: For vertical applications, concrete block is acceptable. Joints should be flush pointed. A strip of the PARABIT

SOLO Angle Reinforcing Strip should be installed into the 90°angle using PARABIT Hot Melt Compound.

� Lightweight Structural Concretes are considered acceptable substrates when the density is between 1400 kg/m³ and 1800

kg/m³; retaining 5% to 20% moisture when cured.

� Lightweight Insulating Concretes are not acceptable substrates.

The concrete surfaces shall be of sound structural grade, and shall have a wood float or fine broom finish, free of fins, ridges, voids or

entrained air holes. A steel trowelled finish or shiny surface is not acceptable. All knots and dust must be removed.

Laitance: Loose concrete towards the surface of the concrete must be mechanically removed.

Concrete shall be cured by water curing method. Pure sodium silicate curing compounds are acceptable.

Contamination: All contaminants must be properly cleaned before application of the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt System can commence.

Concrete shall be cured for a min. 28 days.

Voids, rock pockets and excessively rough surfaces shall be repaired with approved non-shrink grout or ground to match the un-repaired

areas.

Form Release Agents used to facilitate removal of formwork from cast concrete can be transferred to the face of the concrete once the

formwork has been struck. Such agents can detrimentally affect the adhesion of the monolithic membrane. As a result, all agents

transferred to concrete must be removed prior to application of the membrane. Furthermore, accelerators within the concrete can

migrate to the surface leaving a shiny surface. These should be removed.

Two-stage drains shall have a minimum 75mm flange and be installed with the flange flush and level with the concrete surface.

Other Substrates:

� Plywood: All plywood substrates should be in accordance with BS EN 636, BS 5268-2 & BS EN 13986. All interlocking board

joints should be locally reinforced using a strip of the PARABIT Angle Reinforcing Strip embedded into the PARABIT Hot Melt

Compound.

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System Installation

Bond Tests

Before the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Membrane is installed an adhesion test must be conducted to ascertain the suitability of the concrete

surface. Bond tests are advised to the area to be coated that day prior to the main application.

To complete the bond test, apply a small amount of primer to the cleaned and prepared area and allow to dry. Apply a small amount of

the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Membrane and allow it to cool and embed a prepared section of Power Elastomeric 250 Sanded membrane

into the hot compound, leaving an overhang of membrane to facilitate the pull test. If it is not possible to separate the hot melt sample

from the substrate (resulting in destruction of the membrane), the adhesion is considered satisfactory. If the membrane can be easily

peeled away from the deck, then the substrate is not ready and may require further preparation works.

If the test patch is acceptable, protect the patch until the main area material is to be applied. The test material will re-act with the new

material maintaining a monolithic membrane.

Example 1: Successful bond test

Example 2: Unsuccessful bond test

Common reasons for peel test failures:

1) Surface laitance – loose, friable surface concrete that will require mechanical removal

2) Damp substrate – wet concrete will impede adhesion. Efforts should be made to reduce the retained volumes of water within

the slab. A high penetrating primer (eg. Siplast Primer) may also be required.

3) Damp substrate – evaporation from moisture retained within the concrete slab can lead to peel test failure and blistering. A

high penetrating primer (eg. Siplast Primer) may also be required.

4) Surface contamination – dirt, debris, dust curing agents, form release agents can all impede membrane adhesion. All should be

removed prior to repeating test.

5) Smooth surface finish – power floated concrete finishes will be too smooth and will require mechanical scabbling.

6) Primer – the primer should be allowed to dry naturally. Do not attempt to dry the primer using gas torches.

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Priming

Prime all areas to receive the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt System using Icopal QD Bitumen Primer and allow to dry. Apply a thin coat and

avoid pooling. Allow to dry thoroughly before over coating.

The primer should be applied to the prepared concrete surface by brush or roller at an approximate coverage rate of 5m²/L (coverage

rate will vary subject to substrate porosity).

Drying time for the primed surface will be 1 to 3 hours, dependent upon ambient conditions and substrate porosity.

Should use of the Icopal QD Bitumen Primer prove difficult, use Icopal’s Siplast Primer applied at an approximate coverage rate of

0.25 L/m².

Preparation of the PARABIT Hot Melt Compound

Prior to insertion to the bitumen boiler, remove all external cardboard packaging from the individual hot melt blocks and dispose

carefully.

Heat the blocks of PARABIT Hot Melt Compound in the thermostatically controlled bitumen boiler to a temperature of approximately

180°C, prior to transferring to the application buckets. Avoid overheating.

The operatives must be fully trained in the safe operation of the bitumen boiler and it should not be left unattended.

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Membrane Application: Details Area

Upstands / Angle Changes

Pre-cut lengths of PARABIT SOLO Reinforcing Fabric and Power Elastomeric 250 Sand to the appropriate size to accommodate the

upstand detail.

Mechanically fix a 50x50mm timber angle fillet at the base of all upstands prior to commencement of upstand detail. This will aid

detailing providing a smoother transition of the waterproofing in the corner.

Prime all surfaces at details to receive the waterproofing membrane, and allow to dry.

Dress PARABIT Hot Melt Compound up the upstand using a pouring

ladle/paddle and subsequently apply the prepared sections of Power

Elastomeric 250 Sanded Capsheet. The membrane should extend onto

the horizontal deck area a minimum of 200mm.

Run a metal scraper over the excess hot melt at the overlaps to fully

seal the membrane.

To complete the detail Thermaweld Mineral Capsheet is to be installed,

however:

Prior to application of the Thermaweld Mineral Capsheet, the field area

membrane should be installed, dressing onto the horizontal leg of the

Power Elastomeric 250 membrane and achieving a full bond by using

the Parabit Hot Melt Compound.

For application of the field area, see page 23.

Note: For green roof projects, substitute Power Elastomeric 250 with

Rootbar Sanded Capsheet.

Once the field area is installed;

The upstand detail should be completed by fully bonding, by torch

application, Thermaweld Mineral Capsheet, ensuring a 5mm bead of

bitumen extrudes at the edges. Dress down and on to the field area

membrane a minimum of 250mm, ensuring a thorough bond is

achieved.

Note: For green roof projects, substitute Thermaweld Mineral Capsheet

with Rootbar Mineral Capsheet.

Where possible the upstand detail should return across the top of the

parapet detail.

Where terminating vertically, all upstands should be a minimum

150mm above the finished roof level and should be mechanically

restrained beneath a termination bar and suitably pointed.

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Clamping Ring Rainwater Outlets

Typically, clamping ring rainwater outlets are used with monolithic hot melt membranes.

Pre-cut a square section of Power Elastomeric 250 Sand membrane

approximately 450 x 450mm and cut a circle in the centre of the

membrane.

Cut the membrane to the circumference of the outlet and press back

the tabs in readiness to receive the hot melt compound.

Pre-cut a square section of the Parabit SOLO Reinforcing Grid

approximately 1 m x 1 m and cut and remove a circle in the centre of

the grid.

Loosely lay the prepared reinforcement above the outlet, positioning

the removed circular section centrally above the downpipe.

Pre-cut a square section of Power Elastomeric 250 Sanded Membrane

approximately 800 x 800mm and roll back to one edge of the underlying

reinforcing grid.

Pour Parabit Hot Melt Compound onto the reinforcing grid and spread

using a scraper. Unroll the Power Elastomeric 250 Sanded Capsheet

into the poured hot melt, ensuring the membrane is fully bonded.

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Run a scraper along all edges.

Cut a circle in the centre of the membrane.

Star cut the membrane, turning the individual membrane tabs down

into the neck of the clamping ring outlet, pressing them into the molten

hot melt.

Complete the detail by mechanically securing the clamping ring.

Alternatively, install Icopal’s Roofgard Rainwater Outlet of the required diameter prior to installation of the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt

Membrane. Torch apply the bituminous flange to the primed concrete surface ensuring a full bond. Dress the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt

Membrane onto the membrane flange a minimum of 100mm. Please note, a slight watercheck could be created when dressing onto the

membrane flange.

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Expansion Joints

The expansion joint detail is installed above the completed PARABIT

SOLO Hot Melt Membrane.

Install the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Membrane up to the expansion

joint.

Next, centre and loosely dress the Neodyl Joint Strip into the expansion

joint, returning the two edges onto the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt

Membrane.

Then, loose lay the Neodyl Chord into the expansion joint recess.

Using the PARABIT Hot Melt Compound, bond each side of the Neodyl

Joint Strip to the upper surface of the PARABIT SOLO membrane.

Pre-cut a section of Thermaweld Mineral Capsheet and torch bond to

the upper surface of the underlying Neodyl Joint Strip on one side and

PARABIT Hot Melt Membrane.

Care should be taken to ensure that only the Thermaweld membrane is

torched.

Pre-cut a second section of Thermaweld Mineral Capsheet and position

over the expansion joint. Torch the edges of the sheet only. One edge

will be above the existing section of Thermaweld membrane whilst the

second edge will be above the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt membrane on

the opposite side of the joint. On completion the central area (above

the Neodyl Expansion Joint) will remain loose and unbonded.

Press the laps to ensure they are fully sealed and a bead of bitumen is

visible.

Note: For green roofs, Rootbar Capsheet Mineral should be used in lieu

of the Thermaweld Mineral.

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Pitch Pockets

Where there is an irregular shaped penetration through the roof structure, a “pitch pocket” detail can be used to achieve a watertight

detail.

Apply the PARABIT Hot Melt Membrane up to the designated penetration detail.

A prefabricated galvanised steel former is used to act as a bund to contain the PARABIT Hot Melt Compound.

Prime the metal former with Icopal QD Bitumen Primer and allow to dry.

Position the former around the penetration(s), ensuring the former is

sized to allow overlap onto the PARABIT SOLO membrane beneath.

The horizontal leg of the metal angle should face outwards.

Ensure there are no gaps between formwork sections.

Pour the PARABIT Hot Melt Compound into the pitch pocket detail in

layers of 10mm thickness, building up the contents in 3 or 4 layers,

until a satisfactory depth has been achieved.

Where the pitch pocket detail is applied over bolt heads, ensure the

hot melt finish is 50mm above the level of the bolt heads.

Allow the poured PARABIT Hot Melt Compound to cool.

Pre-cut sections of Power Elastomeric 250 Sand membrane and apply

to the pitch pocket detail. The membrane should dress from the

horizontal PARABIT membrane up over the metal former and onto the

upper surface of the pitch pocket.

Apply the pre-cut sections of membrane to all four sides of the pitch

pocket detail.

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Gutters

Internal gutters shall be waterproofed in same manner as the main flat roof area, taking care to ensure all laps are fully sealed.

Rooflights

Rooflights shall consist of a pre-fabricated timber, masonry or concrete upstand kerb. Apply the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Membrane to

the upstand kerb prior to installing the specified rooflight.

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Membrane Termination

Where terminating vertically, all upstands should be a minimum 150mm above the finished roof level (ie. ballast / pavers etc) and should

be mechanically restrained beneath a termination bar and suitably pointed. The waterproofing system must be suitably terminated to

the surrounding construction to prevent water penetration ‘behind’ the new waterproofing system.

Depending upon the nature of the installation and construction, the membrane should be protected with a ‘Cover Flashing’.

Alternatively, the membrane may be secured with a ‘Termination Bar’ which is then weatherproofed by pointing a suitable mastic

sealant along the top edge between the construction and the Termination Bar.

The waterproofing should finish on the vertical a minimum 150mm from the finished roof level, in accordance with ‘BS 6229:2003

Flat roofs with continuously supported coverings. Code of practice’. In the case of roofs with inverted roof insulation, paving or other

coverings such as a green roof, the 150mm should be from the uppermost finished level, and not the level of the waterproofing.

Cover Flashings

Pre-cut any chases prior to application of the system. Cut new 25mm deep chases in all masonry upstands. These should provide a

minimum 150mm upstand above the finished level of the roof. The new waterproofing is to finish flush with the bottom of the cut chase

and mechanically restrained along the leading edge using a suitable termination bar. Install the new flashing, dressing into the chases

provided. Cut, joint and dress the new flashing neatly. Temporarily secure the flashing and then point with a suitable sealant.

Lead flashings should be installed in accordance with codes of practice and recommendations of the Lead Sheet Association.

Alternatively, Icopal FormFlash lead-free flashing may be used instead, and installed in the same fashion.

The flashing should provide sufficient coverage of the waterproofing, extending down a minimum 75mm over the waterproofing system.

Termination Bar

Depending on the method of installation and the type of termination bar used, the waterproofing membrane may first require

mechanical restraint using the Icopal Fixing Bar. The termination bar is mechanically fastened to the wall at regular fixing centres. A

suitable mastic sealant is applied behind the lip of the termination bar just prior to the final tightening of the fasteners. This provides a

compression to the sealant ensuring that the detail is sufficiently weatherproof.

Termination Bar Arrangement - Membrane secured with Fixing Bar

Termination Bar Arrangement - Membrane secured with the Termination

bar itself

Cover Flashing Arrangement - Membrane secured with Fixing Bar

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Membrane Application: Field Area

Application of the Hot Melt Waterproofing

Prime all surfaces to receive the waterproofing membrane with Icopal QD Bitumen Primer, and allow to dry.

Above the primed surface, position and unroll the PARABIT SOLO

Reinforcement Grid, overlapping adjoining roll lengths by minimum 75mm.

Position the Power Elastomeric 250 Sanded Capsheet above the unrolled

reinforcing fabric by rolling out to the required length and rolling back on

itself in readiness for application. Side laps should be positioned to be a

minimum 100mm and end laps should be 150mm. End laps should be

staggered to avoid excessive build-up of membranes.

Transfer the heated PARABIT Hot Melt Compound from the

thermostatically controlled bitumen boiler to the ‘V’ lipped buckets, taking

care when doing so. Appropriate PPE should be worn.

Pour the heated PARABIT Hot Melt Compound through the PARABIT SOLO

Reinforcement Grid at a coverage rate of 3kg/m².

Apply the Power Elastomeric 250 Sand Capsheet into the final course of

PARABIT Hot Melt and scrape / splice the membrane seams together with

hot melt compound.

Where the PARABIT Hot Melt System is left exposed at upstands and other

details etc, Thermaweld Mineral Capsheet should be torch-applied, and

used to protect the PARABIT Hot Melt System from UV damage.

For green roof applications Rootbar Sanded Capsheet should be used as the

protection layer, with Rootbar Mineral Capsheet used at all details.

- 23 -


Typical Roof Scenarios

The PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System can be used in a range of roof system types.

The following pages give guidance on the subsequent system build ups following application of the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt System

described in the previous chapters.

� Inverted Warm Roof

� Green Roof

� Plaza / Podium Decks/ Terraces

- 24 -


Warm Inverted Roof System

Introduction Sometimes referred to as an ‘upside down’ roof, the thermal insulation is

positioned above the roof covering, resulting in the roof covering,

structural deck and ceiling being at a temperature close to that of the

interior of the building.

Since the insulation is above the waterproofing system the insulation

must be water-resistant and it must be ballasted to prevent floatation of

the insulation boards and to protect against wind uplift. Therefore, the

roof deck must be capable of withstanding the additional loading of a

ballasted roof.

Waterproofing System

Install the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System in accordance

with the methods outlined in the previous sections.

Note: Prior to application of any ballast or thermal insulation, it is recommended that the finished hot melt membrane be electronically

integrity tested to ensure the roof has been thoroughly inspected, checked and passed off as being watertight.

Drainage Layer (depending upon specification)

Where rapid removal of rainwater is desired or where installing above a roof deck with zero falls, install an appropriate drainage board

over the completed PARABIT SOLO membrane immediately after the leak detection test on horizontal surfaces. If testing is delayed,

install a temporary covering to protect the PARABIT SOLO membrane from damage by other trades.

Thermal Insulation Inverted roof insulation boards provide protection to the roof structure and waterproof coverings and reduce the stress on the

membranes caused by extremes of temperature and thermal movement, while also protecting the roof from UV degradation and

mechanical damage.

Surfaces should be clean and free of debris.

Inverted roof insulation boards are laid above the completed waterproofing system in a staggered, break-bond pattern ensuring all

boards are laid flat and close butted to minimise cold bridging. The insulation boards should be cut accurately around any penetrations

using a fine tooth saw or hot wire cutter.

The insulation boards should be laid in conjunction with a filtration (fleece) layer in an advancing manner, with appropriate ballast

subsequently distributed to restrain the system.

The filter fleece must be laid with a minimum 150mm overlaps. If using Monarperm water reducing layer laps must be sealed

immediately after positioning using Monobond LT double sided tape. Ensure a full seal at all joints by applying firm even pressure with a

hand roller. All penetrations through the membrane should also be carefully sealed.

Ballast Ballast should be nominally 20-40mm diameter clean and smooth river-washed aggregate and installed at a depth (minimum 50mm) to

prevent wind uplift or floatation of the insulation. It should be reasonably free of fines to prevent clogging of the drainage system. In

some areas additional ballast of paving slabs may be required, for example around perimeters where wind uplift forces are greater.

Alternatively, ballast may be concrete paving slabs of minimum depth of 50mm and placed on suitable support spacers/pads.

- 25 -


Green Roof System

Introduction Extensive or intensive green roof build-ups can be installed above the

completed PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System, acting as

ballast and a water attenuation system. For further assistance, refer

to the Icopal Green Roof Brochure or contact Icopal’s Technical

Department.


Install the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System in

accordance with the methods outlined in the previous section, and

must include Rootbar Sanded Capsheet.

Note: Prior to application of any ballast or thermal insulation, it is

recommended that the finished hot melt membrane be electronically

integrity tested to ensure the roof has been thoroughly inspected,

checked and passed off as being watertight.

Root Barrier For green roof system build-ups, Rootbar Sanded Capsheet is installed instead of the standard Power Elastomeric 250 Sanded. At details

install Icopal Rootbar Capsheet, directly to the Rootbar Sanded Capsheet.

Rootbar Capsheet membranes are applied by torch-on application using a standard roofer’s torch. The membranes should be heated

carefully ensuring the heat dispersible film on the underside is completely removed as work proceeds and ensuring a continuous 5mm

bead of bitumen is extruded from all laps. Side laps must follow the manufactured mineral free selvedge with end laps a minimum of

150mm. The cap sheet should be offset 300mm from the Rootbar Sanded Capsheet to avoid side build up. End laps should also be

offset. At the end of the working day, all areas should be completely sealed.



over the completed PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System immediately after the leak detection test on horizontal surfaces. If

testing is delayed, install a temporary covering to protect the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System from damage by other

trades.

Thermal Insulation Where specified, install the thermal insulation in accordance with current instructions.

Surfaces should be clean and free of debris.

Inverted roof insulation boards are laid above the completed waterproofing system in a staggered, break-bond pattern ensuring all

boards are laid flat and close butted to minimise cold bridging. The insulation boards should be cut accurately around any penetrations

using a fine tooth saw or hot wire cutter.

The insulation boards should be laid in conjunction with a filtration (fleece) layer in an advancing manner, with appropriate ballast

subsequently distributed to restrain the system.

The filter fleece must be laid with a minimum 150mm overlaps. If using Monarperm water reducing layer laps must be sealed

immediately after positioning using Monobond LT double sided tape. Ensure a full seal at all joints by applying firm even pressure with a

hand roller. All penetrations through the membrane should also be carefully sealed.

Green Roof System /Ballast Install the green roof system, in accordance with project specification and current installation guidelines.

Please refer to Icopal’s green roof brochure for clarification of green roof specifications.

- 26 -


Plaza/Podium Decks / Terraces

Introduction Many modern buildings incorporate landscaped or paved areas over

basement or subterranean areas such as car parks. These areas are often

used as recreation or circulation space between buildings. Being roofs

they still require a durable waterproofing system to be installed.


Install the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System in accordance

with the methods outlined in the previous section, inclusive of the Power

Elastomeric 250 Sanded Capsheet.

Note: Prior to application of any ballast or thermal insulation, it is

recommended that the finished hot melt membrane be electronically

integrity tested to ensure the roof has been thoroughly inspected,

checked and passed off as being watertight.



over the completed PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System on horizontal surfaces immediately after the leak detection test. If

testing is delayed, install a temporary covering to protect the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System from damage by other

trades.

Paving Following completion of the waterproofing and installation of the drainage layer, the surface shall receive pavings in accordance with BS

7263: Pt.1 laid on an appropriate bed by others, as per project requirements.

- 27 -


Completion

Quality Assurance

Please note; the validity and the extent of the Icopal warranty will only apply where PARABIT SOLO components and accessories (or

products made by others approved by Icopal prior to commencement of works) have been used. Any alterations to agreed system

specifications shall render any warranty offer null and void.

Furthermore, should the PARABIT SOLO Hot Melt Waterproofing System fail to be installed in accordance with the current guidelines

(unless otherwise agreed), the warranty offer shall be rendered null and void.

For Icopal ‘Insured System Plus’ guarantees installation shall be by an Icopal PARABIT SOLO approved contractor only.

The roof will be inspected by an Icopal representative during works and then a final inspection is carried out on completion of the

project. Sufficient notification to the Icopal representative should be given.

Integrity Testing

Upon completion of the PARABIT SOLO roof, it is the contractor’s responsibility to arrange an independent non-destructive integrity test

to ensure the roof system is 100% watertight.

If the independent report shows failure points, these should be repaired, and the roof retested.

The independent third-party report showing that the system is 100% watertight should be forwarded to Icopal Limited when requesting

an Icopal warranty.

Hand-over

It is recommended that the roofing sub-contractor advise the main contractor or client when the roof area is 100% watertight and

received formal certification to that affect. The roofing sub-contractor should formally handover the designated roof area at this point.

Subsequent damage sustained by the membrane after this point which is found to be a result of the main contractor’s or client’s

activities should not be the responsibility of the roofing sub-contractor.

- 28 -


After Care & Maintenance

The following care and maintenance requirements are for the PARABIT SOLO Hot Applied Liquid Waterproofing System. BS 6229 provides further

guidance on the maintenance of flat roofs.

Icopal recommend that your maintenance staff and/or maintenance contractor inspect the roof periodically or at least twice a year ideally before and

after the winter period. As PARABIT Hot Melt membranes are inverted, very few elements of the waterproofing will be visible. As a result, it is

essential that the rainwater outlets remain free of debris. All other debris should be removed before causing damage and signs of any potential

failures should be reported and remedial action taken at an early stage. Maintenance items are the responsibility of the building owner.

Item Action

Internally Check internal surfaces visually for signs of moisture, leakage or condensation (e.g. damp patches, staining etc)

General

Remove any unnecessary debris from the roof area particularly objects, which could cause damage to the membrane.

Do not use the roof as a working platform for adjoining buildings or further works.

Suitable protection must be provided for means of safe access. Adequate membrane protection should also be provided

so as not to damage the membrane where exposed.

Drainage Keep the roof surface clean at drain areas to avoid clogging. Clear leaves, silt or other debris, which may cause blockage

of outlets or otherwise impede drainage.

Petroleum Products Keep all petroleum products (solvents, greases, paints, oils, or any liquids containing petroleum products) off the

membrane to avoid degradation.

Chemicals Contact Icopal if any chemicals come in contact with the roofing membrane. Some chemicals could degrade the

membrane or cause swelling.

Exposed Details Check laps of all exposed membrane. Ensure all laps are secure.

Roof Alterations

Check with Icopal that the proposed alteration will not invalidate the warranty. Work must be carried out by the roofing

contractor who carried out the installation.

Do not allow other trades to fix through the waterproofing membrane without proper advice. This is especially

important when having aerials, heating & ventilation equipment or telephone cables fitted.

Metal Work Keep roof maintenance items, such as counter-flashing, metal curbs and metal ducts sealed watertight at all times.

Leaks

Report leaks immediately to Icopal.

Try to determine if it is a roof membrane leak or a wall, curb, skylight, metal ductwork or plumbing leak. Deterioration or

failure of building components that cause a leak is not covered by the warranty. A water leak may be indicated by the

presence of water under the membrane. An internal inspection should be carried out.

Please notify Icopal’s Warranty Services at 0161 865 4444 if the leak is determined to be membrane related. The

building owner is liable to the cost of investigation and repair if the problem is found to be outside the scope of the

waterproofing warranty.

Rooftop

Maintenance

When it is necessary for workers to be on the roof to service rooftop equipment, e.g., HVAC units, antennas, etc.,

workers should be cautioned to use walkways and to exercise care with their tools and equipment to avoid puncturing

the roofing membrane.

The inspection should concentrate on high-risk areas such as roof hatches, drains and around all rooftop equipment as well as general inspection of

the entire roof. The inspector should be looking for membrane damage (cuts and tears), oil or Freon leaks, chemical spills, or water infiltration into

the roofing system.

Compliance with the above listed care and maintenance requirements will aid in assuring a durable, watertight membrane roofing system.


NOTE: This information is given in good faith being based on the latest knowledge known to Icopal Limited. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the contents of

the publication are current while going to press, customers are advised that products, techniques and Codes of Practice are under constant review and liable to change

without notice. Up to date information is available from our Technical Services Department on request.

Responsibility cannot be accepted for the application of products, and no claims can be considered, where the manufacturer’s instructions have not been followed. The

user should not assume; based on information provided in this sheet, that the product is suitable for any abnormal use.

All products are sold subject to our standard conditions of sale, available on request.

April 2016

Version 1.2

Icopal Limited

Barton Dock Road

Stretford

Manchester

United Kingdom

M32 0YL

Tel: +44 (0) 161 865 4444

Fax: +44 (0) 161 864 2616

[email protected]

www.icopal.co.uk

ICO2863

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