Parenteral of hormonal injectionParenteral of hormonal injection

Md. Jabiur RahamanDaffodil International UniversityDept. of Pharmacy

Md. Jabiur RahamanDaffodil International UniversityDept. of Pharmacy

Parenteral drug administration

Parenteral drug administration means, any non-oral of administration, but is generally interpreted as relating to injecting directly into the body, bypassing the skin and mucous membranes. The common parenteral routes are intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC) and intravenous (IV).

Types of Parenteral route

What is hormonal drug? Hormonal drug may include giving

hormones to the patient or using medications that decrease the level of hormones in the body. general sense, hormone therapy may be used to treat some forms of cancer. It may also be used for thyroid disorders, and illnesses associated with hormone production or use.

Types of hormonal injections• Hormonal injections for breast

enlargement.• Hormonal injection for birth control.• Hormonal injections for weight loss.• Hormonal injections for

contraceptive.• Hormonal injections for pregnancy.• Hormonal injections for prostate

cancer etc.

Birth control injectionThe birth control shot is an injection of a

hormone that prevents pregnancy. Each shot prevents pregnancy for three months. The shot is also known by the brand name Depo-Provera, or by the name of the medicine in the shot, DMPA.

Benefits• Highly effective at preventing

pregnancy.• Injected every 12 weeks. • Minimal drug interactions.• Decreased risk of iron deficiency

anemia.• Decreased risk of endometrial cancer.

Example Depo-Provera®

Medroxyprogesterone acetate .............400 mgPolyethylene glycol .....................20.3 mgSodium sulfate anhydrous ......................11 mg

 and added as preservative

Growth hormone injections weight lossA few small studies have linked HGH

injections with fat loss and muscle gain. But the changes seen were minimal -- just a few pounds -- while the risks and potential side effects are not. And experts warn that HGH is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for weight loss.

Hormonal injection for pregnancy

• An oil-based solution (sometimes called progesterone in oil)

• Widely used; the oldest, most established method of progesterone delivery

• Injected into the once a day• Require long, thick needle to penetrate layers of skin

and fat• Difficult to administer by yourself• Injections may be painful• Skin reactions are common 

progesterone

Progesterone is a hormone. Hormones are chemicals made by the body. 

Progesterone plays a key role during pregnancy. In early pregnancy, it helps your uterus (womb) grow and keeps it from having contractions. In later pregnancy, progesterone helps your breasts get ready to make  milk. It also helps your lungs work harder to give oxygen growing baby.

Injection typesThere are two kinds of progesterone

treatment: • Vaginal progesterone  may help reduce

your risk for premature birth.• Progesterone shots  may help reduce

your risk for premature birth.

Hormone therapy and prostate cancer

Hormones occur naturally in your body. They control the growth and activity of normal cells. Cancer of the prostate gland depends on the male hormone testosterone to grow. So lowering the amount of testosterone in the body can lower the risk of an early prostate cancer coming back after treatment.  

There are different types of injections that lower testosterone levels

• Luteinising hormone (LH) blockers – include goserelin (Zoladex), buserelin (Suprefact).

• Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) blockers – degarelix (Firmagon),

• Anti androgens – include flutamide (also called Drogenil), bicalutamide.

The contraceptive injection

• If used correctly, the contraceptive injection is more than 99% effective.

• It can be useful for women who might forget to take the contraceptive pill every day.

• The contraceptive injection may provide some protection against cancer of the womb and pelvic inflammatory disease.

compositions Contraceptive Injection contains

medroxyprogesterone acetate and estradiol cypionate as its active ingredients. Medroxyprogesterone acetate is a white to off-white, odorless crystalline powder that is stable in air and melts between 200°C and 210°C. It is freely soluble in chloroform, soluble in acetone and dioxane, sparingly soluble in alcohol and methanol, slightly soluble in ether, and practically insoluble in water.

DOSAE AND ADMINISTRATION

FIRST INJECTION• Within first 5 days of the onset of a normal menstrual

period, or• Within 5 days of a complete first trimester abortion, or• No earlier than 4 weeks postpartum if not breastfeeding.SECOND AND SUBSEQUENT INJECTIONS• Monthly (28 to 30 days) after previous injection, not to exceed

33 days.• If the patient has not adhered to the prescribed schedule

(greater than 33 days since last injection), pregnancy should be considered and she should not receive another injection until pregnancy is ruled out.

• Shortening the injection interval could lead to a change in menstrual pattern.

• Do not use bleeding episodes to guide the injection schedule.

Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F)

Possible side effects include:• Irregular menstrual periods, or no periods at all.• Headaches.• Nervousness.• Depression.• Dizziness.• Acne.• Changes in appetite.• Weight gain.

 Side effects from long term treatment

• Weight gain• Memory problems• Mood swings and depression• Bone thinning (osteoporosis)• Risk of earlier heart attack

Containers for hormonal injectionideal properties• Does not affect its contents• No surface changes at temp. & pressure

associated with sterilization• Should protect from light when the contents

are photosensitive• Container should be cheap enough to

dispose after one use or be easy to clean & reuse

Types of containers• Ampoules: single-dose glass

containers with capacity of 0.5-50ml.• Made from neutral or soda glass.• Liberate gas particles on opening.• Sealed by heat fusion to exclude MO .• Used for solutions or powders.

storage

Many hospital pharmacies are reluctant to store parenteral fluids longer than 24 to 48 h because of concern about possible microbial contamination. We evaluated the safety of prolonged refrigerated storage routinely in a hospital pharmacy and stored at 4°C for up to 15 days.

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