Parenthood and Mental Health A Bridge between Infant and Adult Psychiatry Sam Tyano Professor Emeritus of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Israel. Vice President of the International Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions Miri Keren Head of the Infant Psychiatry Program, Tel Aviv University, School of Medicine, Israel. Director of Infant Mental Health Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petach Tikvah. President Elect of the World Association for Infant Mental Health Helen Herrman Professor of Psychiatry, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne. Director, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre in Mental Health, Melbourne. Secretary for Publications, World Psychiatric Association John Cox Professor Emeritus, University of Gloucestershire, UK. Immediate Past Secretary General, World Psychiatric Association A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
Transcript
Parenthood andMental HealthA Bridge between Infant and Adult Psychiatry
Sam TyanoProfessor Emeritus of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Israel.Vice President of the International Association of Child andAdolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions
Miri KerenHead of the Infant Psychiatry Program, Tel Aviv University, School of Medicine, Israel. Director of InfantMental Health Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petach Tikvah. President Elect of the World Associationfor Infant Mental Health
Helen HerrmanProfessor of Psychiatry, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne. Director,World Health Organization Collaborating Centre in Mental Health, Melbourne. Secretary for Publications,World Psychiatric Association
John CoxProfessor Emeritus, University of Gloucestershire, UK. Immediate Past Secretary General, WorldPsychiatric Association
AJohn Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
Parenthood andMental Health
Parenthood andMental HealthA Bridge between Infant and Adult Psychiatry
Sam TyanoProfessor Emeritus of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Israel.Vice President of the International Association of Child andAdolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions
Miri KerenHead of the Infant Psychiatry Program, Tel Aviv University, School of Medicine, Israel. Director of InfantMental Health Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petach Tikvah. President Elect of the World Associationfor Infant Mental Health
Helen HerrmanProfessor of Psychiatry, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne. Director,World Health Organization Collaborating Centre in Mental Health, Melbourne. Secretary for Publications,World Psychiatric Association
John CoxProfessor Emeritus, University of Gloucestershire, UK. Immediate Past Secretary General, WorldPsychiatric Association
AJohn Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
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12 Observational tool: the prenatal Lausanne Trilogue Play 121Elisabeth Fivaz-Depeursinge, France Frascarolo and AntoinetteCorboz-Warnery
12.1 Introduction 121
12.2 The Lausanne Trilogue Play paradigm 122
12.3 The prenatal LTP 123
12.4 Discussion 125
12.5 Conclusion 126
12.6 References 126
Treatment of abnormal states during pregnancy
13 Psychopharmacological treatments during pregnancy:risks and benefits for the mother andher infant 129Martin St-Andre and Brigitte Martin
13.1 Introduction 129
13.2 Depression and anxiety during pregnancy 130
13.3 Bipolar disorder 137
13.4 Schizophrenia 143
13.5 Post-partum psychosis 144
13.6 Conclusion 145
13.7 References 145
viii CONTENTS
14 Psychotherapeutic, psychosocial, individual and familyinterventions for abnormal states during pregnancy 147Prabha S. Chandra, Geetha Desai and Veena A. Satyanarayana
14.1 Introduction 148
14.2 Maternal–fetal attachment disorders 148
14.3 Anxiety disorders 149
14.4 Eating disorders 152
14.5 Depression 153
14.6 Suicide 155
14.7 Substance use 157
14.8 Conclusions 158
14.9 Acknowledgements 158
14.10 References 159
SECTION 2 Delivery and birth
15 Perinatal loss: its immediate and long-term impacton parenting 161Miri Keren
15.1 Introduction 162
15.2 Historical and cultural perspectives 162
15.3 Psychological effects of perinatal death on mothers 163
15.4 Psychological effects of perinatal death on fathers 163
15.5 Impact of perinatal loss on the couple 164
15.6 Impact of perinatal loss on the subsequent pregnancy 164
15.7 Clinical implications 165
15.8 Conclusion 168
15.9 References 168
SECTION 3 Parenting of the infant during the first year of life
Normal processes
16 Transition to parenthood 171Antoine Guedeney and Susana Tereno
16.1 Introduction 171
16.2 Pregnancy and emotional upheaval: risks and resiliency 172
16.3 The psychological unfolding of pregnancy 173
16.4 Psychopathology in pregnancy 175
16.5 Prevention and early intervention 176
16.6 CAPEDP-Attachment: a French project to promote parentalskills and decrease disorganized attachment 177
16.7 References 178
CONTENTS ix
17 Role of parenting in the development of the infant’sinterpersonal abilities 181Deborah Weatherston and Hiram E. Fitzgerald
20.9 Considering the child in the management of maternalmental illness 224
20.10 Conclusions 226
20.11 References 227
21 Psychopathological states in the father and their impacton parenting 231Michael W. O’Hara and Sheehan D. Fisher
21.1 Introduction 231
21.2 Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in men 232
21.3 Paternal psychopathology and child internalizing andexternalizing problems 233
21.4 How depressive symptoms may affect parenting 233
21.5 Paternal psychopathology and parenting 234
21.6 Summary 237
21.7 Research agenda 237
21.8 References 238
22 The impact of trauma on parents and infants 241Joy D. Osofsky, Howard J. Osofsky and Erika L. Bocknek
22.1 Introduction 241
22.2 The problem of abuse and neglect 242
22.3 Other trauma exposure in young children 244
22.4 Lessons learned 245
22.5 References 246
CONTENTS xi
23 Substance problems: bridging the gap betweeninfant and adult 251Ilana Crome
23.1 Introduction 251
23.2 The prevention and policy framework 252
23.3 Epidemiology: the magnitude of the problem 253
23.4 Health and welfare: context and consequences 255
23.5 Assessment and treatment: uniting families 259
23.6 Specific interventions for pregnant substance misusers 262
23.7 Pharmacological treatments for pregnant substance misusers 263
23.8 Catalysing change by implementation of research: service models 265
23.9 Conclusion 265
23.10 References 266
Environmental risk factors for parenthood
24 Foster parenthood 271Yvon Gauthier
24.1 Introduction 271
24.2 Foster children symptomatology 271
24.3 The use of attachment theory 272
24.4 Foster children’s special needs 273
24.5 How to help foster parents to provide best care forthe fostered child 274
24.6 Kin vs. non-kin foster parents 275
24.7 Visits to the biological parents 275
24.8 Need for permanency 275
24.9 References 276
25 Parenting the chronically ill infant 277Barbara G. Melamed
25.1 Introduction 277
25.2 Asthma 279
25.3 Congenital heart disease 280
25.4 Cystic fibrosis 282
25.5 Very low birth weight infants 284
25.6 Conclusions and future studies 286
25.7 References 287
26 Parenting an infant born of rape 289Frances Thomson Salo
26.1 Case vignette 1 289
26.2 Case vignette 2 289
xii CONTENTS
26.3 Case vignette 3 290
26.4 Introduction 290
26.5 Context 291
26.6 Outcomes of pregnancy 292
26.7 Perinatal period 293
26.8 Maternal representation of the infant 293
26.9 Maternal attachment 294
26.10 Infant attachment 295
26.11 Representations of the father and disclosureto the infant 295
26.12 Adoptive and foster parenting 296
26.13 Siblings 297
26.14 Being parented in ongoing difficulty 297
26.15 Support and therapeutic interventionfor the family 297
26.16 The infant’s view of their life 298
26.17 Conclusions 298
26.18 References 298
27 Parenting an infant with a disability 301Sheila Hollins, Stella Woodward and Kathryn Hollins
27.1 Introduction 301
27.2 Parental expectations 301
27.3 Antenatal diagnosis 302
27.4 Case vignette 1 302
27.5 Case vignette 2 302
27.6 Postnatal diagnosis 303
27.7 Case vignette 3 303
27.8 Case vignette 4 303
27.9 Diagnostic uncertainty 304
27.10 Parental responses 304
27.11 Parent–infant relationship development 305
27.12 Case vignette 5 305
27.13 Case vignette 6 305
27.14 Depression in parents of childrenwith a disability 306
27.15 Responses of family, friends andwider society 307
27.16 Economic and social implications 307
27.17 Positive implications 308
27.18 Supporting parents 308
27.19 Conclusion 309
27.20 References 309
CONTENTS xiii
28 Being a parent with a disability 311Adil Akram and Sheila Hollins
28.1 Being a disabled parent 311
28.2 The UK context 312
28.3 Parents with physical disability 312
28.4 Parents with intellectual disability 314
28.5 Parents with mental illness 316
28.6 A recovery perspective on disabled parents with mental illness 317
28.7 The social model of disability 317
28.8 Cultural representations of parents with disabilities 317
28.9 UK policy perspectives 318
28.10 Solutions to support disabled adults as parents 318
28.11 Involving disabled parents in research 321
28.12 Conclusion 322
28.13 References 322
29 Parenthood: the impact of immigration 325Olivier Taıeb, Thierry Baubet, Dalila Rezzoug and Marie Rose Moro
29.1 Introduction 325
29.2 The ingredients of parenthood 326
29.3 Pregnancy and childbirth in exile 329
29.4 The infant, a cultural being 332
29.5 Conclusions: parents in exile 334
29.6 References 334
30 Parenting and poverty: a complex interaction 337Mark Tomlinson
30.1 Introduction 337
30.2 Poverty 338
30.3 Upstream and downstream factors 338
30.4 Parenting and its determinants 339
30.5 Parenting and poverty 340
30.6 Maternal depression 342
30.7 Poverty, parenting, depression and infant attachment 343
30.8 Malnutrition and non-organic failure to thrive 344
30.9 Conclusions 345
30.10 References 345
Assessment of parenthood
31 Assessment of parenting 349Marc H. Bornstein and Magdalen Toole
31.1 Introduction 349
31.2 Self-report measures 350
xiv CONTENTS
31.3 Reports by others 352
31.4 Observational methods 352
31.5 Experimental testing 353
31.6 Parental influence 353
31.7 Conclusion 354
31.8 References 354
32 Principles of effective co-parenting and its assessmentin infancy and early childhood 357James P. McHale and Elisabeth Fivaz-Depeursinge
32.1 Introduction 357
32.2 What is effective co-parenting? 358
32.3 Co-parenting as a triangular concept 358
32.4 Co-parenting and division of labor 359
32.5 Co-parenting and children’s adjustment 359
32.6 What do mental health professionals need to know?The essentials 360
32.7 Instruments of choice: observational, interview and self-reportsurvey data 363
32.8 Conclusion 368
32.9 References 368
33 Legal assessment of parenting competency 373Jean-Victor P. Wittenberg
33.1 Introduction 373
33.2 Definitions of maltreatment 374
33.3 Assessment is an intervention 375
33.4 Infants and toddlers are a special group 376
33.5 Models of parenting capacity assessment 377
33.6 Core competencies for professionals doing parentingcapacity assessments with infants 379
33.7 Conclusions 381
33.8 References 382
Treatment of dysfunctional parenting
34 Psychotropic drugs and lactation: to nurse or notto nurse 385Zivanit Ergaz and Asher Ornoy
34.1 Drug excretion into breast milk: generalconsiderations 385
34.2 Benzodiazepines 387
CONTENTS xv
34.3 Phenothiazines 388
34.4 Butirophenones 389
34.5 Atypical neuroleptics 390
34.6 Antimanic drugs 392
34.7 Anticonvulsants that are also mood-stabilizers 392
34.8 Central nervous system stimulants 393
34.9 Tricyclic antidepressants 393
34.10 Tetracyclic antidepressants 394
34.11 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 395
34.12 Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptakeinhibitors 396
34.13 Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors 397
34.14 Conclusions 397
34.15 References 398
35 Parent–infant psychotherapies and indicationsfor inpatient versus outpatient treatments 401Kaija Puura and Palvi Kaukonen
35.1 Introduction 401
35.2 Different forms of parent–infant psychotherapy 402
35.3 Indications for inpatient versus outpatienttreatment 407
35.4 When parents reject treatment 412
35.5 Conclusions 412
35.6 References 412
Pathological parenting: from the infant’s perspective
36 The symptomatology of a dysfunctional parent–infantrelationship 415Campbell Paul
36.1 Introduction 415
36.2 ‘Good-enough’ parenting 416
36.3 Parenting in the context of mental illness 416
36.4 Qualities of infant–parent interaction 417
36.5 Assessing infant–parent interaction 418
36.6 The infant response in the context of adysfunctional relationship 421
36.7 Implications for prevention and intervention 425
36.8 Conclusion 426
36.9 Acknowledgements 427
36.10 References 427
xvi CONTENTS
Concluding chapter
37 Mental health of parents and infant health and developmentin resource-constrained settings: evidence gaps andimplications for facilitating ‘good-enough parenting’in the twenty-first-century world 429Jane Fisher, Atif Rahman, Meena Cabral de Mello,Prabha S. Chandra and Helen Herrman
37.1 Introduction 429
37.2 Social model of mental health 432
37.3 Parenting and mothers’ social position 433
37.4 Human rights, mental health and child healthand development 434
37.5 Promotion of infant health and development and prevention ofmaternal mental health problems 434
37.6 Preventing and ameliorating maternal mental health problems andpotential benefits for infant health and development 435
37.7 Addressing the social determinants of compromised early childhooddevelopment and maternal mental health problems 437
37.8 Implications for facilitating ‘good-enough parenting’ in thecommunities of the twenty-first century 438
37.9 Conclusion 439
37.10 References 440
Index 443
CONTENTS xvii
Foreword
After World War II, the newly created World Health Organization asked a British childpsychiatrist to prepare a monograph on the mental health needs of children. The WHO wasconcerned about the large numbers of children who had been orphaned or experiencedextended separations from their parents in the war. John Bowlby reviewed the world’sliterature and consulted with experts. His monograph, Maternal Care and Mental Health[1], appeared in 1951 and concluded that the quality of parental care which children receivein their earliest years is of vital importance for their future mental health. Specifically, hesaid, ‘‘. . . essential for mental health is that an infant and young child should experience awarm, intimate and continuous relationship with his mother (or mother substitute. . .) inwhich both find satisfaction and enjoyment (p. 13).’’
Over the next several decades, Bowlby pursued his life’s work of synthesizing a theory ofattachment that elaborated these ideas on the importance of early experiences betweenyoung children and their parents. Bowlby’s colleague, Mary Ainsworth, operationalized histheory by developing an observational method of assessing the young child’s behavior withattachment figures. This groundbreaking work led to a large body of research that hasextended and refined many of the ideas of attachment theory but, in the main, the accuracyof Bowlby’s basic premises seems clear.
Indeed, Bowlby’s emphasis on the importance of early experiences has implications wellbeyond attachment theory. Much of the excitement in contemporary developmentalneuroscience is about attempts to describe the importance and effects of early experienceson human brain development. Moreover, the entire field of infant mental health rests onthe premise that relationships between infants and caregivers are the most importantdevelopmental context affecting the child’s social and emotional behavior. These relation-ships are the most important focus of assessment and the most important target ofinterventions.
Not all have found the emphasis on parenting meaningful. In 1998, Judith Harrispublished The Nurture Assumption [2], asserting that parents were not nearly as importantfor child outcomes as was generally believed. Instead, she asserted that genetic and peerinfluences were both underappreciated and far more important than parenting.
The intensity of the reaction to these assertions illustrates how far we have come in the50 years since Bowlby published his monograph. In 1951, it was big news that parenting was
considered vital for children’s mental health. Fifty years later, Judith Harris provocativelystaked out the contrarian position that parenting matters little. Although her selectivereview of the evidence and debatable conclusions have been strongly challenged, her thesisusefully invites us to reconsider our assumptions about parenting. Indeed, since her bookwas published, a great deal of research on the extraordinarily deleterious effects of childrenraised without parents has demonstrated the limitations of her basic thesis. This researchredirects us to review what we know about parenting and its effects.
With that in mind, the present volume is timely and much needed. The editors of thisbook, Sam Tyano, Miri Keren, Helen Herrman, and John Cox, have assembled an out-standing group of international scholars who contributed to this comprehensive review ofparenting in the prenatal, perinatal, and early infancy periods. Bridging a gap betweeninfant and adult psychiatry, the volume considers in some depth normal parenting pro-cesses, risk factors for parenting, and a variety of special circumstances related to parentingunder atypical conditions. Their developmental orientation reminds us that our emphasison understanding infant trajectories ought to be accompanied by an understanding ofparents’ trajectories. For clinicians, the psychological origins of parenting, and the myriadfactors that influence their development over time, are critically important topics.Investigators will find the reviews of special topics both interesting and stimulating withregard to questions that need to be addressed, and thus they can guide future research.
The sober assessment of children’s mental health needs that followed the second WorldWar and inspired Bowlby’s illuminating vision has given way to even more complexitiesand challenges in the 21st century. Good enough parenting has never seemed more difficultnor more important. This volume promises to enhance our understanding of all that weknow and all that we need to learn about this most vital human endeavor.
Charles H. ZeanahJanuary 2010
References
1. Bowlby, J. (1951) Maternal Care and Mental Health, The World Health Organization:
Monograph Series, WHO Geneva.
2. Harris, J. R. (1998) The Nurture Assumption: Why Children Turn Out the Way They Do
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC, London.
xx FOREWORD
List of contributors
Adil AkramDivision of Mental Health
St George’s University of London
Cranmer Terrace
London SW 17 ORE, UK
Massimo AmmanitiDepartment of Dynamic and Clinical
Psychology, Faculty of Psychology 1
University of Rome, ‘Sapienza’
Via dei Marsi, 78
00185 Rome, Italy
Julio Arboleda-FlorezDepartment of Psychiatry
Queen’s University
Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Joanne BartonNorth Staffordshire Combined
Healthcare
NHS Trust Stoke-on-Trent
Staffordshire, UK
Thierry BaubetAvicenne Hopital, APHP, Paris 13 University
125, rue de Stalingrad
93009 Bobigny, (Seine-Saint Denis) France
Claire BaudryEcole de psychologie
Universite Laval
Quebec, G1K 7P4, Canada
Annie BernierDepartement de psychologie
Universite de Montreal (Quebec)
Canada
Erika L. BocknekDept. Pediatrics
LSU School of Medicine
Children’s Hospital
200 Henry Clay Ave
New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
Marc H. BornsteinChild and Family Research Program in
Developmental Neuroscience
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute ofChild Health and Human Development
Suite 8030, 6705 Rockledge Drive
Bethesda MD 20892-7971, USA
Meena Cabral de MelloDepartment of Child and Adolescent
Health and Development
World Health Organization
22 Avenue Appia
Geneva, Switzerland
Prabha S. ChandraDepartment of Psychiatry
National Institute of Mental Health andNeurosciences
Hosur Road
Bangalore 560029, India
Elise CharlemaineHopital Port Royal
123, Boulevard de Port Royal
75104 Paris, France
Antoinette Corboz-WarneryCentre d’Etude de la Famille
Site de Cery
1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
John CoxUniversity of Gloucestershire
58 St Stephens Rd
Cheltenham GL51 3AE, UK
Ilana CromeCoton House
St George’s Hospital
South Staffordshire and Shropshire
Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
Corporation Street
Stafford, ST 16 3SR, UK
Geetha DesaiDepartment of Psychiatry
National Institute of Mental Healthand Neurosciences
Hosur Road
Bangalore 560029, India
Zivanit ErgazThe Department of Anatomy and Cell
Biology
The Institute of Medical Sciences,Faculty of Medicine
P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Jane FisherCentre for Women’s Health, Gender and
Society
Melbourne School of PopulationHealth
University of Melbourne
Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
Sheehan D. FisherDepartment of Psychology
E11 Seashore Hall
The University of Iowa
Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Hiram E. FitzgeraldPsychology Kellogg Center
Michigan State University
East Lansing
MI 48824, USA
Elisabeth Fivaz-DepeursingeCentre d’Etude de la Famille
Site de Cery
1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
France FrascaroloCentre d’Etude de la Famille
Site de Cery
1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
Micheline GarelINSERM
Epidemiological Research Unit onPerinatal and Women’s Health
Villejuif, F-94807, France
Yvon GauthierHopital Sainte Justine
Department of Psychiatry
3175 Cote Ste Catherine
Montreal (Quebec) H3T 1C5, Canada
Catherine GrandsardUniversite Paris VIII
Centre Georges Devereux
98 Bd de Sebastopol
75003 Paris, France
Antoine GuedeneyHopital Bichat Claude Bernard APHP
CMP Binet, 64 rue Rene Binet
75018 Paris, France
xxii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Carol HenshawFaculty of HealthStaffordshire UniversityBrindley BuildingLeek RdStoke on Trent, ST4 2DF, UK
Helen HerrmanORYGEN Youth Health Research CentreCentre for Youth Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
Kathryn HollinsPerinatal and Parent-Infant Mental
Health ServiceChelsea and Westminster Hospital369 Fulham Road, LondonSW10 9NH, UK
Sheila HollinsDivision of Mental HealthSt George’s University of LondonLevel 6 Hunter WingCranmer TerraceLondon, SW17 0RE, UK
Palvi KaukonenDepartment of Child PsychiatryTampere University and University
HospitalPo Box 200033521 Tampere, Finland
Miri KerenTel Aviv UniversityGeha Mental Health CenterHelsinky str. 1.P.O.B. 102Petach Tikvah 49100, Israel
Simon LaroseDepartement d’etudes sur l’enseignement
et l’apprentissageUniversite LavalQuebec, G1K 7P4, Canada
Brigitte MartinProgramme de psychiatrie,
neurodeveloppement et genetiqueCHU Ste-Justine3100 EllendaleMontreal, QC H3S 1W3, Canada
James P. McHaleDepartment PsychologyUniversity of South FloridaSt. Petersburg140 Seventh Ave. S.St. Petersburg Fl 33701, USA
Barbara G. MelamedSchool of Social and Behavioral SciencesMercy College555 BroadwayDobbs FerryNew York 10522, USA
Sylvain MissonnierL’Institut de PsychologieUniversite Paris Descartes71, avenue Edouard Vaillant92774 Boulogne Billancourt, France
Caroline MoisanEcole de psychologieUniversite LavalQuebec, G1K 7P4, Canada
Marie Rose MoroAvicenne Hopital, APHP, Paris 13University125, rue de Stalingrad93009 Bobigny, (Seine-Saint Denis) France
Michael W. O’HaraDepartment of PsychologyE11 Seashore HallThe University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242, USA
Asher OrnoyDepartment of Anatomy and Cell BiologyThe Institute of Medical Sciences,
Faculty of MedicineP.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS xxiii
Howard J. OsofskyDepartment PediatricsLSU School of MedicineChildren’s Hospital200 Henry Clay AveNew Orleans, LA 70118, USA
Joy D. OsofskyDepartment PediatricsLSU School of MedicineChildren’s Hospital200 Henry Clay AveNew Orleans, LA 70118, USA
Campbell PaulRoyal Children’s HospitalFlemington RoadParkville, Victoria, 3052Melbourne, Australia
Kaija PuuraDepartment of Child PsychiatryTampere University and University HospitalPo Box 200033521 Tampere, Finland
Atif RahmanUniversity of LiverpoolChild Mental Health UnitAlder Hey Children’s NHS
Foundation TrustLiverpool L12 2AP, UK
Joan Raphael-LeffAcademic Faculty for Psychoanalytic
ResearchUCL/Anna Freud CentreLondon, UK
Dalila RezzougAvicenne Hopital, APHP, Paris 13University125, rue de Stalingrad93009 Bobigny, (Seine-Saint Denis) France
Fanie RoyEcole de psychologieUniversite LavalQuebec, G1K 7P4, Canada
Veena A. SatyanarayanaDepartment of PsychiatryEpidemiology and Prevention Research
GroupWashington University School of MedicineSt Louis, USA
Myriam SzejerHopital Antoine Beclere157 rue de la Porte de Trivaux92161 Clamart cedex, France
Martin St-AndreProgramme de psychiatrie,
neurodeveloppement et genetiqueCHU Saint-Justine3100 EllendaleMontreal, QC H3S 1W3, Canada
Olivier TaıebAvicenne Hopital, APHP, Paris 13 University125, rue de Stalingrad93009 Bobigny, (Seine-Saint Denis) France
Renata TambelliDepartment of Dynamic and Clinical
Psychology, Faculty of Psychology 1University of Rome, ‘Sapienza’Via dei Marsi, 7800185 Rome, Italy
George TarabulsyEcole de PsychologiePavillon Felix-Antoine-Savard, local 1210Universite LavalQuebec, G1K 7P4, Canada
Susana TerenoHopital Bichat Claude Bernard APHPCMP Binet, 64 rue Rene Binet75018 Paris, France
Frances Thomson SaloThe Royal Children’s HospitalFlemington RoadParkvilleVictoria 3052, Australia
xxiv LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Mark TomlinsonDepartment of PsychologyStellenbosch UniversityPrivate Bag X1Matieland, 7602, South Africa
Magdalen TooleChild and Family Research Program in
Developmental NeuroscienceEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of
Child Health and Human DevelopmentSuite 8030, 6705 Rockledge DriveBethesda MD 20892-7971, USA
Sam TyanoTel-Aviv University, Sackler School of
MedicineP.O.B. 65352Ramut Aviv Gimel, Israel
Olga B.A. van den AkkerSchool of Health & Social SciencesMiddlesex UniversityThe Town HallThe BurroughsHendon, London MW4 4BT, UK
Deborah WeatherstonMichigan Association for Infant Mental
Health13101 Allen RoadSouthgateMichigan 48195, USA
Jean-Victor P. WittenbergThe Hospital for Sick Children555 University AvenueToronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8,Canada
Stella WoodwardCardiff University Medical
SchoolHeath ParkCardiffCF14 4XN, UK
Nathalie ZajdeUniversite Paris VIIICentre Georges-Devereux98 Bd de Sebastopol75003, Paris, France
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS xxv
World Psychiatric Association Evidence and Experiencein Psychiatry Series
Series Editor: Helen Herrman, WPA Secretary for Publications, University of Melbourne, Australia
The Evidence & Experience in Psychiatry series, launched in 1999, offers unique insights into both investigation and
practice in mental health. Developed and commissioned by the World Psychiatric Association, the books address
controversial issues in clinical psychiatry and integrate research evidence and clinical experience to provide a stimulating
overview of the field.
Focused on common psychiatric disorders, each volume follows the same format: systematic review of the available
research evidence followed by multiple commentaries written by clinicians of different orientations and from different
countries. Each includes coverage of diagnosis, management, pharma and psycho- therapies, and social and economic
issues. The series provides insights that will prove invaluable to psychiatrists, psychologists, mental health nurses and
policy makers.
Depressive Disorders, 3e
Edited by Helen Herrman, Mario Maj and Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780470987209
Substance Abuse
Edited by Hamid Ghodse, Helen Herrman, Mario Maj and Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780470745106
Trauma and Mental Health: Resilience and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders
Edited by Dan J Stein, Matthew J Friedman and Carlos Blanco
ISBN: 9780470688977
Schizophrenia 2e
Edited by Mario Maj, Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780470849644
Dementia 2e
Edited by Mario Maj, Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780470849637
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders 2e
Edited by Mario Maj, Norman Sartorius, Ahmed Okasha, Joseph Zohar
ISBN: 9780470849668
Bipolar Disorders
Edited by Mario Maj, Hagop S Akiskal, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780471560371
Eating Disorders
Edited by Mario Maj, Kathrine Halmi, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780470848654
Phobias
Edited by Mario Maj, Hagop S Akiskal, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Ahmed Okasha
ISBN: 9780470858332
Personality Disorders
Edited by Mario Maj, Hagop S Akiskal, Juan E Mezzich
ISBN: 9780470090367
Somatoform Disorders
Edited by Mario Maj, Hagop S Akiskal, Juan E Mezzich, Ahmed Okasha
ISBN: 9780470016121
Other World Psychiatric Association titles
Series Editor (2005– ): Helen Herrman, WPA Secretary for Publications, University of Melbourne, Australia
Special Populations
The Mental Health of Children and Adolescents: an area of global neglect
Edited by Helmut Remschmidt, Barry Nurcombe, Myron L. Belfer, Norman Sartorius and Ahmed Okasha
ISBN: 9780470512456
Contemporary Topics in Women’s Mental Health: global perspectives in a changing society
Edited by Prabha S. Chandra, Helen Herrman, Marianne Kastrup, Marta Rondon, Unaiza Niaz, Ahmed Okasha,
Jane Fisher
ISBN: 9780470754115
Families and Mental Disorders
Edited by Norman Sartorius, Julian Leff, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Mario Maj, Ahmed Okasha
ISBN: 9780470023822
Disasters and Mental Health
Edited by Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, George Christodoulou, Mario Maj, Norman Sartorius, Ahmed Okasha
ISBN: 9780470021231
Approaches to Practice and Research
Religion and Psychiatry: beyond boundaries
Edited by Peter J Verhagen, Herman M van Praag, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, John Cox, Driss Moussaoui
ISBN: 9780470694718
Psychiatric Diagnosis: challenges and prospects
Edited by Ihsan M. Salloum and Juan E. Mezzich
ISBN: 9780470725696
Recovery in Mental Health: reshaping scientific and clinical responsibilities
By Michaela Amering and Margit Schmolke
ISBN: 9780470997963
Handbook of Service User Involvement in Mental Health Research
Edited by Jan Wallcraft, Beate Schrank and Michaela Amering
ISBN: 9780470997956
Psychiatrists and Traditional Healers: unwitting partners in global mental health
Edited by Mario Incayawar, Ronald Wintrob and Lise Bouchard
ISBN: 9780470516836
Psychiatric Diagnosis and Classification
Edited by Mario Maj, Wolfgang Gaebel, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780471496816
Psychiatry in Society
Edited by Norman Sartorius, Wolfgang Gaebel, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Mario Maj
ISBN: 9780471496823
Psychiatry as a Neuroscience
Edited by Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Wolfgang Gaebel, Mario Maj, Norman Sartorius
ISBN: 9780471496564
Early Detection and Management of Mental Disorders
Edited by Mario Maj, Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor, Norman Sartorius, Mitsumoto Sato, Ahmed Okasha
ISBN: 9780470010839
Also available in electronic editions only, through Wiley Online Library:
WPA Anthology of Italian Language Psychiatric Texts
WPA Anthology of Spanish Language Psychiatric Texts
WPA Anthology of French Language Psychiatric Texts
