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Part 1
Part 1
Eras in U.S. History
EOC Boot campbe a STAAR!
Eras in U.S. History
• 1607 – 1776: Colonial Era.• 1776 -- 1861: New Nation.• 1861 -- 1877: Civil War & Reconstruction.• 1877 -- 1917: Industrial Revolution, Guilded Age &
American Imperialism.• 1917 -- 1945: World War I, Roaring Twenties,
Great Depression & World War II.• 1945 – 1989: Cold War.• 1989 – Present: Post Cold War.
1607-1776 Colonial Era
1607Jamestown – first successful English settlement
Joint-stock companyFounded for profit
1620Pilgrims - Mayflower CompactFounded for religious reasons
1607-1776 Colonial Era (cont.)
1756-1763 – French & Indian War
1765-1775 – Colonist protest British rule– English Taxation to pay for war
– Taxation without representation
1775-1783 – Revolutionary War!
1776-1861 New Nation
• 1775-1783 – Revolutionary War!• 1776 Declaration of Independence
• Beginning of New Nation• 1781-1787 – Articles of Confederation
• 1987- Present – US Constitution
Representative Government
• England had a Parliamentary style Government which was “Representative”
• Colonial assemblies existed and were part of government which answered directly to people
• Desire for representative self government lead most to revolution and declaration of Independence
Colonial Grievances
• Due to high cost of French and Indian War British taxed the colonists to help pay for war debt– Stamp Act – Coercive Acts
• Colonists objected to these taxes because they had no say in their establishment – Magna Carta (1215)– English Bill of Rights (1689)
Thomas Paine
• Wrote Common Sense• Attacked monarchy and
stirred people to action towards independence
Samual Adams
• Leading rebel agitator• Helped plan Boston Tea Party
• Referred to as “penman” of the American Revolution because he wrote circular letters to colonies expressing opposition to British acts
Benjamin Rush• Physician, writer, educator, and humanitarian born in
Pennsylvania. • Active in the Sons of Liberty in Pennsylvania during
1773. • In June of 1776 he was appointed to represent
Philadelphia at the Second Continental Congress and signed the Declaration of Independence
• In 1777 he was appointed surgeon-general of Continental Army.
• Federalist• Appointed treasurer of the US Mint from 1797 to 1813.
John Witherspoon
• In 1776 he was elected to the Continental Congress in time to vote in favor for the Declaration of Independence.
• His notable comment America “was not only ripe for the measure (the declaration), but in danger of rotting for the want of it.”
• Witherspoon was a very active member of congress, serving on more than a hundred committees through his tenure
John Peter Muhlenberg
• During the Revolutionary War he raised and commanded the Eighth Virginia (German) Regiment and was brevetted major general in 1783.
• He returned to Pennsylvania and was elected to the First Congress
• He was elected to the U.S. Senate and served from March 4, 1801 until his resignation on June 30, 1801.
• He was appointed by President Thomas Jefferson supervisor of revenue for Pennsylvania in 1801 and collector of customs at Philadelphia in 1802 where he served until his death in October 1807.
Jonathan Trumbull Sr.
• Served as governor of Connecticut in both a pre-Revolutionary colony and a post-Revolutionary state.
• Friend and advisor of General Washington • He was the only colonial governor to continue
office through the American Revolution. • He is the father of John Trumbull (1756-1843)
who is known as the “Painter of the American Revolution”.
King George III
• British Monarch during American Revolution
• Persistence in taxing colonists led to American Revolution
Unalienable Rights
• Rights that cannot be taken away
• Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
• Instituted in the Declaration of Independence
Lexington & Concord
• First battle of the Revolution
• Massachusetts Minutemen fought t the British regulars trying to destroy colonial military stores and arrest colonial leaders
Battle of Saratoga
• Turning point of the War
• Battle where colonists won and convinced France to commit troops
1787!Adoption of Constitution
Framework for US Government
Remains the model for representative government
Popular Sovereignty
• Government subject to the will of the People!
“We THE People…..”preamble
Separation of PowersA way of dividing power among three branches of
government so that each branch is accountable to different constituencies.
Checks and Balances
No single branch can become to powerful!
Federalism• Shared power between national and state government• States are bound together under one national
government
Limited Government
A type of government in which its functions
and powers are written, limited, and
restricted by law to
protect the citizenry.
National Government• May not violate the Bill of Rights • May not impose export taxes among states • May not use money from the Treasury without
the passage and approval of an appropriations bill
• May not change state boundaries
State Government• May not enter into treaties with other countries • May not print money • May not tax imports or exports • May not Impair obligations of contracts • May not suspend a person's rights without due
process
Cartoon #1Which constitutional principle is represented in this cartoon? What is the message the cartoonist is trying to get across? What symbols does the cartoonist use?
Cartoon #2Which constitutional principle is represented in this cartoon? What is the message the cartoonist is trying to get across? What symbols does the cartoonist use?
Cartoon #3Which constitutional principle is represented in this cartoon? What is the message the cartoonist is trying to get across? What symbols does the cartoonist use?
Cartoon #4Which constitutional principle is represented in this cartoon? What is the message the cartoonist is trying to get across? What symbols does the cartoonist use?
