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Part 3. Air-ground communications
July 1917
COMMUNICATION METHODS
Air-Ground Communication (Definition)
two-way communication between aircraft and stations or locations on the surface of the earth
Radiotelephony
communication by means of radio waves rather than by transmitting along wires or cables
SELCALselective-calling radio system that can alert an aircraft's crew that a ground radio station wishes to communicate with the aircraft.
Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC)
means of communication between controller and pilot, using data link for ATC communications.
TELS P 09
Radiotelephony and/or data link shall be used in air-ground communications for air traffic services purposes.
General Requirements
ATS units to be provided with and to maintain guard on the emergency channel 121.5 MHz
When direct pilot-controller two-way radiotelephonyor data link communications are used for theprovision of air traffic control service, recording facilities shallbe provided on all such air-ground communication channels.
Recordings shall be retained for a period of at least thirty days.
Radiotelephony Procedures
GENERAL
Word Spelling in Radiotelephony:
when proper names, service abbreviations and words of which the spelling is doubtful are spelled out in radiotelephony the ICAO Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet shall be used
RADIOTELEPHONY SPELLING ALPHABET
RADIOTELEPHONY SPELLING ALPHABET
Exercise:Give the approximate pronunciation of the following:
9VDHU
YSTEC
JZYTY
OORWB
FXLQKV
GALIM
ZANIG
Radiotelephony Procedures
PRONUNCIATION OF NUMBERSWhen English Language is used, numbers shall be transmitted using following pronunciation:
NUMERAL or NUMERAL ELEMENT
PRONUNCIATION
0123456
87
9
ZE-ROWUNTOOTREE
AITSEV-en
SIXFIFE
FOW-er
NIN-erDecimalHundredThousand
DAY-SEE-MALHUN-dredTOU-SAND
TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS
All numbers shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit separately
transmitted as
BRU 242
BMA 600
THY 001
Zena two three eight
examples:
aircraft callsigns
TGZ 238
Belavia two four two
Midland six zero zero
Turkish zero zero one
Radiotelephony Procedures
TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS
All numbers shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit separately
transmitted as
FL 200
FL 135
FL 80
flight level one eight zero
examples:
flight levels
FL 180
flight level two zero zero
flight level one three five
flight level eight zero
Radiotelephony Procedures
TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS
All numbers shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit separately
transmitted as
160 degrees 18 knots gusting 30 knots
wind two zero zero degrees seven zero knots
examples:
wind direction & speed
200 degrees 70 knots
wind one six zero degrees one eight knots gusting three zero
Radiotelephony Procedures
TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS
ALL numbers used in transmission of ALTITUDE, CLOUD HEIGHT, VISIBILITY & RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE information shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit in the number of hundreds or thousands followed by the word HUNDRED or THOUSAND as appropriate.
Combinations of thousands and whole hundreds shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit in the number of thousands followed by the word THOUSAND followed by the number of hundreds followed by the word HUNDRED
Radiotelephony Procedures
TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS
Hundred, thousand & combination of thousand & hundred
transmitted as
75
100
one zero
examples:
number
10
seven five
one hundred
2 500
583 five eight three
two thousand five hundred
Radiotelephony Procedures
TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS
Hundred, thousand & combination of thousand & hundred
transmitted as
11 000
25 000
five thousand
examples:
number
5 000
one one thousand
two five thousand
38 143 three eight one four three
Radiotelephony Procedures
TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS
Hundred, thousand & combination of thousand & hundred
transmitted as
3 400
12 000
eight hundred
examples:
altitude
800
three thousand four hundred
one two thousand
Radiotelephony Procedures
VERIFICATION OF NUMBERS
When accuracy of reception of numbers needs to be verified, the person transmitting shall request the person receiving to read back the numbers
Radiotelephony Procedures
TRANSMISSION OF TIME
Only the minutes of the hour are normally required. Each digit should be pronounced separately. Hour included if possibility of confusion.
statement
1643 (4:43 p.m.)
TOO ZE-RO or ZE-RO NIN-er TOO ZE-RO
examples:
time
0920 (9:20 a.m.)
FOW-er TREE or WUN SIX FOW-er TREE
Note: Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) shall be used
1300 (1:00 p.m.) WUN TREE ZE-RO ZE-RO
Radiotelephony Procedures
STANDARD WORDS & PHRASES
Word/Phrase Meaning
ACKNOWLEDGE
AFFIRM
APPROVED
Let me know that you have received and understood this message
Yes
Permission for proposed action granted
Radiotelephony Procedures
CANCEL
CHECK
Annul the previously transmitted clearance
Examine a system or procedure. (No answer is normally expected)
STANDARD WORDS & PHRASES
Word/Phrase Meaning
CONFIRM
CONTACT
CORRECT
CORRECTION
Establish radio contact with…
That is correct
Have I correctly received the following…? or Did you correctly receive this message?
An error has been made in this transmission (or message indicated). The correct version is …
DISREGARD Consider that transmission as not sent
Radiotelephony Procedures
STANDARD WORDS & PHRASESWord/Phrase Meaning
GO AHEAD
HOW DO YOU READ
I SAY AGAIN
What is the readability of my transmission?
I repeat for clarity and emphasis
Proceed with your message Note- not normally used in surface movement communications
NEGATIVE No or Permission not granted or That is not correct
Radiotelephony Procedures
REQUEST I should like to know … or I wish to obtain …
STANDARD WORDS & PHRASES
Word/Phrase Meaning
OVER
READ BACK
REPORT
Repeat all, or specified part, of this message back to me exactly as received
Pass me the following information
My transmission is ended and I expect a response from you Note- not normally used in VHF comms.
REQUEST I should like to know … or I wish to obtain …
Radiotelephony Procedures
STANDARD WORDS & PHRASES
Word/Phrase Meaning
ROGER
SAY AGAIN
SPEAK SLOWER
STANDBY
Repeat all, or the following part, of your last transmission
Wait and I will call you
I have received all of your last transmission Note- not to be used in reply to a question requiring readback or a direct answer in the AFFIRM or NEGATIVE
Reduce your rate of speech
VERIFY Check and confirm with originator
Radiotelephony Procedures
STANDARD WORDS & PHRASES
Word/Phrase Meaning
WILCO
WORDS TWICE a) As a request: Communication is difficult. Please send every word or group of words twice
b) As information: Since communication is difficult, every word or group of words in this message will be sent twice
(Abbreviation for ‘will comply’) I understand your message and will comply with it
Radiotelephony Procedures
Questions…