Part IV. Profiles of Selected New American Communities Part IV. in

Part IV. Profiles of Selected New American CommunitiesPart IV. in North Texas

Mainland China / Taiwan

Contributions of Chinese-Americans

North Texas Population (Census 2000) 33,206Population (estimated today) 90,000

The Confucius Institute, dedicated to promoting Chinese culture andlanguage education, has recently been launched in the University ofTexas, Dallas.China is DFW area's largest trading partner, reaching about $17billion in 2006, or just about as much as the following tradingpartners combined.

Primary cities of residence

Estimated undocumented Less than 5% Primary cities of residence North Dallas, Richardson, Plano, Garland, FriscoAverage household size 3Average family income $68,713Educational attainment 88% high school, 65% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Mandarin Chinese and other Chinese dialectsFields of employment computer science, technology, accounting, business Business owners few

American citizens / green card about 50% Registered voters 10% Own their home 57%Reasons for migration studying at the college level, especially masters and doctoratesReligion(s) Buddhism, Christianity, Atheist, SyncretismN. Texas print media / other 5

Source: US Census and community leaders

Colombia

Contributions of Colombian-Americans

Estimated undocumented 50%Primary cities of residence Carrollton, Garland, Dallas, RowlettAverage household size 4.5Average family income $40,000 in Dallas County to $72,000 in Collin CountyEducational attainment 84% high school, 35% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home SpanishFields of employment Business managers, accountants, engineers, physicians, dentists, journalists Business owners 10%American citizens / green card 50%Registered voters 20%Own their home 20%Reasons for migration Terrorism in our home country and for freedom, political stability, and economic opportunityReligion(s) CatholicN. Texas print media / other 11 Spanish-language papersN. Texas radio / tv stations 12 Spanish-language radio stations



Colombians maintain constant communication with their families back home that they left because of terrorism and poor employment possibilities. They are happy by

situation at home, and bring an entrepreneurial spirit that contributes to the North Texas economy. Through two organizations - Asociación Colombiana del Metroplex and Clusodecol – they maintain their traditions and celebrate religious and


El SalvadorN. Texas Population (Census 2000) 21,564N. Texas Population (Community leaders) 75,000

Estimated undocumented 30%Primary cities of residence Irving, Dallas, Garland, Mesquite, Grand Praire Average household size 4 Average family income $36,180Educational attainment 30% high school, 5% B.A. or higher Language spoken at home SpanishFields of employment Restaurants, housekeeping, construction, manufacturing, hotelBusiness owners 3%American citizens / green card 45%, 20% Temporary Protected Status Own their home 43%Reasons for migration Salvadorians fled political oppression, and as war dna seitinutroppo cimonoce thguos yeht ,seegufer stability. Religion(s) Catholic, ProtestantN. Texas print media / other 11N. Texas radio / tv stations 12

Salvadorian immigrants provide an

large companies that build North Texas and serve its residents. In building and highway construction and the hotel and food service industries, their inexpensive labor costs help management maximize

Salvadorians build strongly bonded families that remain united as the children grow. Extended families work together to get ahead, pooling their incomes to purchase homes and share the expenses. They also send $2.5 billion a year home to support the families they have left behind.

Contributions of Salvadorian-Americans



Eritrea

Contributions of Eritrean-Americans

Estimated undocumented Less than 5%Primary cities of residence throughout North TexasAverage household size 4-5Average family income $40,000Educational attainment 75% high school, 30% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Tigrina, ArabicFields of employment Taxi drivers, retail trade, civil service, education Business owners 50%American citizens / green card 95%Registered voters 80%Own their home 50%Reasons for migration Ethiopian occupation, inhumane treatmentReligion(s) Christianity, IslamN. Texas radio / tv stations 1 radio and 1 tv station


Primary cities of residence they arrived as refugees a generation ago, Eritreans are now successfully adapting to the American way of life and contributing to their new country. Members of the Eritrean community remain closely connected to each other regardless of their scattered residence throughout the US. Eritrean-Americans are very family oriented and their strong family ties make them a model community. They believe that raising a child is not the sole responsibility of the biological family, but that of the entire community. Eritrean-Americans are hard workers whose role in the economic develop-ment of this region is key. They also have organized national soccer tournaments in Dallas twice. On November 1990 the Eritrean-American community received recognition from the Mayor of Dallas for the well organized tournament.


EthiopiaN. Texas Population according to Census 4,600Population estimate from community leaders 30,000

Estimated undocumented 10%Primary cities of residence Park Lane, Garland, WylieAverage household size 4 Average family income per year $51,000 Educational attainment 30% high school, 50% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Amharic, Oromigna, TigrignaFields of employment Retail sales, transportation, hospitality, health care, service industriesBusiness owners 2%American citizens / green card 75%Registered voters 35%Own their home 25%Reasons for migration Political strife in country of origin, famine, lack of economic opportunitiesReligion(s) Christian, MuslimPrincipal language(s) Amharic, Oromigna, TigrignaN. Texas print media / other 2 N. Texas radio / tv stations 2

New Americans have great potential in shaping the future of N.Texas and in making it one of the most dynamic and vibrant interna-tional community in North America. By providing exposure to diverse cultures immigrants

a universal outlook & understan-ding.

Contributions of Ethiopians-Americans



France

Primary cities of residence Farmers Branch, North Dallas

Average household size 2.5

Average family income $73,576

Educational attainment 90% high school, 40% B.A. or higher

Language spoken at home French, English

Fields of employment Aerospace industry, information technology, telecommunications

Own their home ranges from 35% (Denton County) to 80% (Collin County)

Religion(s) Christian

N. Texas print media / other 3 community email lists

The number of French companies in

mid 1980’s. Today over 50 French companies are based in the Metro-plex (190 in Texas). After New York and California, Texas has the most French companies. Around 12% of all employees working for metroplex foreign companies are employed by French companies. French subsidia-ries employ more than 50,000 people in Texas.

Contributions of French-Americans

North Texas Population (Census 2000) Not availablePopulation (estimated today) Not available



India

Contributions of Indian-Americans

Estimated undocumented Less than 5%Primary cities of residence Richardson, Irving, Plano, EulessAverage household size 4Average family income $65,000Educational attainment 91% high school, 65% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home English, Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Tamil, Marathi, Telugu, Kannada, Oriya, Bengali, Nepali, Punjabi, SindhiFields of employment Information technology, business managers, entrepreneurs (gas stations, motels, restaurants, grocery stores, wholesalers/importers), realtors, doctors, lawyers Business owners 35%American citizens / green card 50%Registered voters 35%Own their home 55%Reasons for migration Religious intolerance and political oppression at home, educational and economic opportunitiesReligion(s) Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism, ChristianityN. Texas print media / other 6N. Texas radio / tv stations 4



Indian immigrants have thrived in North Texas because of the importance they place on education and their experience with democracy in their native country. Both of these elements promote cooperation and community

North Texas Indian-Americans come from regional subcultures in India

and bring these languages with them. More than 85 Indian cultural associa-tions that encompass regional as well as artistic and religious organizations are active in the region.


Iran

Contributions of Iranian-Americans

Estimated undocumented 5%Primary cities of residence Plano, Frisco, Dallas, RichardsonAverage household size 3Average family income $58,994Educational attainment 90% high school, 50% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home PersianFields of employment Professional, management Business owners 12%American citizens / green card 80%Registered voters 10%Own their home 65%Reasons for migration Most Iranians migrated to the US after the 1979 revolution in Iran. Many came highly educated and with moderate to high levels of assets.Religion(s) IslamN. Texas print media / other 4N. Texas radio / tv stations 1



Iranians living in the United States are at the top of their communities in

social status. They are tightly integrate-dinto the North Texas business, cultural and social fabric. As such, they bring much economic and cultural value to North Texas. A recent example of an Iranian-American who brought recognition and investment dollars to North Texas is Ms. Anousheh Ansari of Plano, Texas who captured headlines around the world as

She earned a place in history as the fourth private explorer to visit space and


Japan

Contributions of Japanese-Americans

Estimated undocumented Less than 1%Primary cities of residence Plano, CoppellAverage household size 2Average family income $74,354Educational attainment 95% high school, 48% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home JapaneseFields of employment Management, engineering, medical research Business owners 1.1%American citizens / green card 37,4%Registered voters Minimal, 80% are here on work visasOwn their home 42%Reasons for migration business, marriageReligion(s) SyncretismN. Texas print media / other 1 newspaper / 3 community email lists



Japanese companies are major investors in the North Texas region

facilities and 77 North American regional headquarters located here. Japan ranks as the #4 trading partner of the DFW Metroplex, with total trade of $4.08B in 2006. Three Metroplex cities have sister or friendship city relationships (Dallas/Sendai, Fort Worth/Nagaoka and Southlake/Tome). SMU, TCU and St Mark’s School of Texas have teacher and student exchange programs with sister schools in Japan.


Korea

Contributions of Korean-Americans

Estimated undocumented 5%Primary cities of residence Lewisville, Garland, Dallas, Plano, Frisco, Carrollton, Irving, Coppell, Richardson Average household size 3Average family income $48,373Educational attainment 88% high school, 43% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home KoreanFields of employment Professional, management, technical, and entrepreneurs (donut shops, dry cleaners, restaurants, wholesale-retail) Business owners 28.5%American citizens / green card 80%Registered voters 52%Own their home 44%Reasons for migration Economic and educational opportunities Religion(s) Multi-religion, Christian and Buddhist, etc.N. Texas print media / other 8 newspapers / 10 community email listsN. Texas radio / tv stations 1



Starting in the late 1960s and now estimated over 50,000, DFW area Koreans are catching up with other major cities in their numbers, professio-nal areas, and business ownerships. They are tightly integrated into the North Texas civic, business, and social fabric. As such, they bring much economic and cultural value to North

Korean language classes for the 2nd generation. About 300 college and university students, and 80 engineers and scientists belong to the KSEA Association, along with numerous professors, engineers in major technical corporations, more than a thousand entrepreneurs.


LebanonN. Texas Population according to Census 6,191Population estimate from community leaders

Contributions of Lebanese-Americans

Many Lebanese Americans in North Texas are 4th, 5th, or even 6th generation, making this difficult to estimate. Also, after the attacks of Sept 11, many non-Christian Lebanese are fearful of visits from the FBI and Homeland Security, and are reluctant to discuss their


Estimated undocumented 1.5%Primary cities of residence Plano, Lewisville, Farmers Branch, Richardson, Mid CitiesAverage household size 5 Average family income per year $73,798Educational attainment 96% high school, 54% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Arabic, English, ArmenianFields of employment Lebanese Americans are educators, physicians in all branches of medicine, entrepreneurs (clothing industry, attorneys, service stations, retail shops, real estate, restaurants, car dealerships), managers of civic and charitable organizations.Business owners 60% or moreAmerican citizens / green card 98.5%Registered voters 65%Own their home 65%Reasons for migration Early migration began in the 1840s as Maronites fled the Ottoman persecution of minorities. Currently, Lebanese immigrate because of political instability,


More than 4 million Americans of Lebanese origins contribute to the welfare and greatness of this country in all walks of life, from medicine (Dr. DeBakey) to warfare (John Abizaid) to entertainment (Paula Abdul), to civic service (Donna Shlala). Equally important are the values shaped by their religious faiths and their courage in moving from over ”there” to the unknown in America. This baptism

on life here which makes them both successful and giving towards their community, region and country.

Mexico

Contributions of Mexican-Americans

Estimated undocumented 50%Primary cities of residence Widespread across all neighborhoods with concentrations in Oak Cliff, Bachman Lake, Coit@Spring Valley, east Plano, and many other areas

Average household size 4 is the average family size, but most frequently extended families live together, with many more than 4 living in the home.Average family income $38,879Educational attainment 40% less than high school, 48% high school, 12% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Spanish, EnglishFields of employment construction, food service, agriculture & gardening, housekeeping and office maintenance, automobile mechanics, dry cleaning, entrepreneurs (construction, gardening, restaurants, retail shops), education, day care Business owners 6%American citizens / green card 22%Own their home 45%Reasons for migration Economics opportunitiesReligion(s) Traditionally Catholic, Mexicans also worship in the Protestant, Evangelical, and Mormon traditions, and females have begun turning to IslamN. Texas print media / other 11N. Texas radio / tv stations 12

North Texas Population (Census 2000) 833,655*Population (estimated today) 1,000,000



Mexican-Americans bring a burning desire to work as hard as possible and are a strong and reliable element in our North Texas workforce, accepting employment that others consider less

values and respect for the human quality of all mankind. Family comes

thru multigenerational activities and by pooling resources. Mexican-Americans take pride in their heritage and enjoy sharing their traditions with others in North Texas.

Nepal

Contributions of Nepalese-Americans

North Texas Population (Census 2000) Not availablePopulation (estimated today) 11,000


Estimated undocumented Not availablePrimary cities of residence Irving, Hurst-Euless-Bedford, Fort Worth, Denton, Plano, Mesquite, Arlington, Keller, The Colony and Lewisville.Average household size 3Average family income $30,000Educational attainment 35% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home NepaleseFields of employment Technology, gas & oil, financial & banking Business owners 5%American citizens / green card 20%Registered voters 10%Own their home 15%Reasons for migration Increased economic and educational opportunities, along with possibility of opening small businesses. Nepalese also benefit from the US State Department's Diversity Visa program.Religion(s) Hindu, BuddhismN. Texas print media / other 4N. Texas radio / tv stations 1

The Nepalese community is young

They are adding a lot in technology, and common services.They are regarded as hardworking and reliable resources and they are conscious about culture and religion. The international community as a whole is shaping the North Texas demography and most of the small business owners immigrants. This is the positive aspect of diversity.


Pakistan

Contributions of Pakistani-Americans

Estimated undocumented 20%Primary cities of residence Richardson, Plano, Frisco, Arlington, IrvingAverage household size 4Average family income $51,438Educational attainment 83% high school, 57% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home UrduFields of employment Engineering, information technology, doctors, entrepreneurs (gas stations, dry cleaners) Business owners 75%American citizens / green card 60%Registered voters 25%Own their home 47%Reasons for migration Better opportunitiesReligion(s) IslamN. Texas print media / other 3-4N. Texas radio / tv stations 3-4


Pakistan has a very rich culture and heritage. Since at one time India and Pakistan were one, we share a lot of rich cultural traditions that we still practice, even living in the US. Patience, harmony, acceptance, tolerance and providing care for the sick and needy

music, folk and hip, with concerts being held every now and then, where Pakistani singers and musicians perform to entertain all ethnicities. We have introduced exotic foods and hand embroidered and jeweled fabrics and hand carved furniture into North Texas.



Palestine

Contributions of Palestinian-Americans

Estimated undocumented 20%Primary cities of residence Arlington, Dallas, Garland, Mesquite, Richardson, Ft. WorthAverage household size 3.5Average family income $37,458Educational attainment 83% high school, 39% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Arabic, English Fields of employment Information technology, science and research, professional, entrepreneurs (retail and sales, import-export, wholesale), medicine, education, writers, poets Business owners 40%American citizens / green card 85%Registered voters 60%Own their home 65%Reasons for migration Political oppression, political instability, educational and economic opportunitiesReligion(s) Islam, Christianity




Palestinians are very family oriented people whose positive values impact the society and the environment. They are high achievers and very well educated, ethical and hard-working. Many are successful business owners, highly educated professionals and hard

employ people of all ethnicities and contribute to the development and growth of the DFW area. Their special skills in technology, engineering and

presence.

Sierra Leone

Contributions of Sierra Leonian-Americans

Estimated undocumented 10%Primary cities of residence Mesquite, Dallas, Arlington, GarlandAverage household size 5Average family income $40,000Educational attainment 95% high school, 50% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home KrioFields of employment Education, nursing, accounting/finance, information technoology, engineering Business owners 1%American citizens / green card 60%Registered voters 25%Own their home 25%Reasons for migration Political instability at home, most were refugees, seeking educational and economic opportunitiesReligion(s) Christian, IslamN. Texas print media / other 5 community email lists



We contribute to academic institutions and to medical and corporate structures across North Texas. Many Sierra Leonians work in civil service i.e - social workers, etc., thus contributing to the civic development of our cities. Sierra Leonians value interaction with the other communities because it others to our culture while we learn from the other ethnic minorities. Weare collaborators who cultivate better ethnic understanding among our diverse communities, thus helping to alleviate the levels of intolerance and


Sweden

Contributions of Swedish-Americans

Estimated undocumented Less than 0.5%Primary cities of residence Plano, Frisco, DallasAverage household size 2.5Average family income $85,292Educational attainment 100% high school, 85% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Swedish, EnglishFields of employment Professional, management, educational, health and social services, retail trade, manufacturing, and finance Business owners 8.3%American citizens / green card 98%Registered voters More than 50%Own their home 68%Reasons for migration Work, studies, loveReligion(s) Lutheran



New American Swedes are highly trained individuals with exacting work ethics and dedication to building the greater community through civic projects. They are widely traveled, with a global view, and participate in and support cultural activities. For all

impact on the economic and cultural growth of the DFW community.


Turkey

Contributions of Turkish-Americans

Estimated undocumented 30%Primary cities of residence Dallas, Plano, ArlingtonAverage household size 4Average family income $60,000Educational attainment 98% high school, 65% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home Turkish, EnglishFields of employment Academicians, high tech industry, entrepreneurs Business owners 15%American citizens / green card 70%Registered voters 65%Own their home 50%Reasons for migration Higher educationReligion(s) MuslimN. Texas print media / other 1N. Texas radio / tv stations None



Turkish-Americans are great

education and high tech industries including aerospace and research & design. We also bring to DFW metroplex communities the rich Turkish culture through various activities to educate and present history, tradition and music of Turkey.


Vietnam

Contributions of Vietnamese-Americans

Estimated undocumented Less than 0.2%Primary cities of residence Dallas, Garland, Plano, Allen, Frisco, Grand Praire, Irving, Arlington, Fort Worth Average household size 4-5Average family income $48,000 (Dallas County) to $93,000 (Collin County)Educational attainment 95% high school, 65% B.A. or higher Language spoken at home Vietnamese, EnglishFields of employment manufacturing, assembly, beauty field, healthcare, law, entrepreneurs Business owners 20%American citizens / green card 99,8%Registered voters 50%Own their home 65%Reasons for migration Seeking freedom of speech, press & religion, democracy, human rightReligion(s) Buddhism, Christianity, CatholicismN. Texas print media / other 12N. Texas radio / tv stations 4 radio stations / 1 television station



Not only are Vietnamese Americans successful in their careers (medicine, law, beauty, restaurants, manufactu-ring, business owners, etc.), but they are also successful in raising their children through college and trying to preserve their Vietnamese moral values as well. Most Vietnamese are polite, hard-working, determined, and have good civil manners in addition to many

could bring into the North Texas community. Vietnamese food is known aournd the world. However, their most outstanding feature is their culture, which will remain a bring shining light that reminds them of their home.


Yemen

Contributions of Palestinian-Americans

Estimated undocumented 0%Primary cities of residence DallasAverage household size 4-5Average family income $75,000Educational attainment 100% high school, 95% B.A. or higherLanguage spoken at home ArabicFields of employment Information technology, professional, entrepreneurs (retail, computers) engineering Business owners 30%American citizens / green card 40%Own their home 65%Reasons for migration Educational opportunities (university studies) or professional employmentReligion(s) Islam, Judaism

North Texas Population (Census 2000) N/APopulation (estimated today) 300



Yemenis are known throughout the Middle East for their generous spirit and hospitable nature. They are traders who bridged the Horn of Africa, linking the rich trade routes of Egypt, Syria, and India. This traditional entrepreneurial spirit is noted here in North Texas, as they excel in business. Yemenis in California and Michigan work in agriculture, while those in New York are primarily laborers. But in North Texas their presence is new, since the 1980s, and they add value to the economy by their pursuit of higher education and by opening businesses and employing others.

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Part IV. Profiles of Selected New American Communities Part IV. in

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