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PASEO

Project in 10 seconds . . .

Introduct ion

What is Paseo?

Paseo is a home training equipment that mimicsstepping in a natural way.

Paseo is part of a new business model that also engages people not willing to exercise in gyms by renting different equipment and guiding training via service system.

What was our task?Objectives of the study project

Background

The aim of the project was to look for new

solutions for personal training equipment for

ordinary people with their body, mind and space

in mind.

We were asked to address real life and real user

problems, finding so possibilities for sustainable

business ideas. As concepts these new solutions

should try to make a step further from current

solutions and products available on the market.

These steps further should stand either on the

new technological possibilities, addressing

formerly unnoticed new user groups and their

needs or new possibilities emerging from

changing habits, trends or value systems.

The purpose of the project was to learn

conceptual design approach starting from the

ideation phase and working out possible design

proposal.

2. Conceptual Design 03.10 - 10.11

Methods:GIGA-mapping, ideation, design sketches,mock-ups, analyses of analogues, user and specialist feedback.

3. Embodiment Design10.11- 28.11

Methods:Function analyses, performance specification, morphological charts, Simulations, mock-ups and tests, aesthetic design, specialist feedback.

4. Detail Design 28.11 - 10.01.2012

Methods:Detailing design and sub-solutions in Solidworks, Simulations in ANSYS, prototypes and tests, specialists feedback.

1. Task Clarification 12.09 - 03.10

Methods: Research for understanding the problem and identifying space of opportunity.Data collection,user interviews & profile, user scenarios.

Process and methods

Background

team & tutorsWho where part of process?

Students:

Tinatin Dzirkvadze

I year D&E studentBA in architecture

Maarja Mõtus

II year D&E studentBA in product design

Kadri Rebane

I year D&E studentBSC in product development

Iuliia Vorobiova

I year D&E studentBSC in computational engineering

Martin Eerme

Tallinn University of Technology

Kristjan Port

Institute of Health Sciences and Sports, Tallinn University

Martin Pärn

Estonian Academy of Arts

Sven Sõrmus

Estonian Academy of Arts

Tutors:

“I learned how to share and exchange ideas - how to discuss them and defend them. Also, I learned to listen to people and to understand their way of thinking.”

“I learned about myself, how to work better in group. In addition to that, I learned that georgians regularly have live guitar connects in their dorm kitchen.”

“I learned how to form a concrete project from a very fuzzy starting point. How to narrow the possibilities and find a problem/project to solve.”

“ I learned not stop on one idea but generate a lot of them in a different directions. “

Process

Mapping the theme . . . Research & Insight

Sparta sports club was the place where project

launched and where our first lesson took place.

Argo Ader introduced us the world of gym and

we tried all equipment ourselves.

Liina Pääbo, a physiotherapist, was a secret

member of our team who guided us to make the

best for human body throughout the project.

Interviews with 10 people helped us to

understand different habits of physical activities

and its role in peoples daily life.

“Im not willing to go to gym with young guys who are in so good fit compared with me” Avtandil 52.

“Sports make me younger. Not just my body, but my mind too.”

Elena, 50

GIGA-mapping workshop helped us to

formulate our points of innovation. One week

workshop by Birger Sevaldson and Adrian

Paulsen.

Long way to the soluiton . . . Research & Insight

Secondly, speaking with friends and family, we

got to know that there are many people who

either forget their new year promises or give

away their sporting equipment already after few

weeks of buying one. Excitement about a training

equipment tends to last only for a couple of

weeks. Why not create a business model that is

based on the way how people actually tend to

behave?

Formulating the theme of the project

Theme of the project was opened and focus

was to be defined by ourselves. After three two

introductory weeks while we explored sports in

general we focused on two core topics.

Firstly, human body is designed for running and

in general, sporting should embrace the human

body. Exploring running as a type of sports, we

got to know the barefoot running trend. Also,

one don’t have to train only passing miles after

miles, but the muscle training of the right muscles

gives a basis for good results and balanced body. How could we support natural movement and

running natural?

How could we offer training equipment and perhaps training plan guidance to people willing to exercise in home?

Also there is a group of middle aged people who

would love to maintain their body, but they feel

uncomfortable lifting heights beside young and

fit guys in the gym. Also, its very common for the

mothers who have little babies, that they wish to

to lose wight, but can’t leave child alone.

Long way to the soluiton . . .

Process

PASEO (pa·se·o)

Meaning in English:A slow, easy stroll or walk outdoors.

[Spanish, from pasear, to take a stroll, frequentative of pasar, to go, pass; see pase.]

Process

What are the trends of tomorrow . . . Research & Insight

Barefoot running

The structure of the lower leg is very efficient

at absorbing the shock of landing and turning

the energy of the fall into forward motion,

through the springing action of the foot’s natural

arch.  Running with sport shoes neglects the leg

natural ability. There is a new trend starting in

shoe industry to offer running footwear with thin

rubber sole, such as Vibram five fingers sandals.

Simplicity

Target group of Paseo is not the young hipsters,

but there is something to learn from the fixie

bike trend – the simplification. A casual biker

don’t need 21 gears, but needs a ride. Why to

make people decide and choose, while what

they actually look forward is an experience and

expression?

Trying out machinery in Sparta gym and in TUT

gym we were faced with tens of buttons and

options to choose from on the control panels.

Asking the gym facilitator and gymnastics coach

what all the options are good for, she told she

uses only two of them. Marketing competition

has led adding to new product a new feature and

result of it too many not useful features which can

confuse not professional user. Too many features

its frustrating, making people to choose. But

what the person actually wants is just to exercise,

and not to deal with another decision making.

The plain function what user actually wants, is a

needle to find from the pile of the features.

Smart grid

ICT enables more personal services, both in

monitoring as well as in pricing. Health care sector

is implementing personal monitoring and it will

go mainstream expcedtly in 5-10 years. Personal

monitoring also enables progressive, graded

health care taxing. As sporting lowers health

risks, monitored sporting activities might become

one of the components of your personal health

insurance - social tax rate.

Privacy respectful web 3.0

What goes up to the web, stays in web. A

modern force majore that people is becoming

more conscious. What and how to share

is a question, because the levels of public

transparency that people wish to show in the

social networks and in web is different. Current

product service systems are rich in the data and

promoted to be shared in detail also in social

circles. If the market of sport monitoring services

expands, new market segments, niche segments

will appear to offer experience oriented sports

Sharing economy

Bike sharing or Car sharing, Airbnb or

Couchsurfing and Kickstarter for financing –

thanks to the social web, it is possible to share

anything with anyone anywhere in the world.

Across the U.S., Canada, and Western Europe

people use car only 8% of the potential time,

Which means that over 90% of the time, car

costs people a lot of money and after is just sitting

around. Compared with cars the newly purchased

sporting equipment usage describes over the

period. In addition to economical reasoning,

sharing economy has been long subject in

sustainability movement and a tool in urban

planning to strengthen liaisons in communities.

Exploring and trying out the existingResearch & Insight

TUT gym

Our first research point was TUT gym, where we

had opportunity to try different equipment for

the feet muscles. Aino Voltri, a sport trainer, led

us from one device to the other showing what is

the right movements and what parts of muscles

are training. We took a lot of videos and photos to

have visual understanding of the process.

The objects of our interest in gym were stepping,

running equipment. As an observation we came

to conclusion that all of them effective but have

few minuses which is size and outlook spatially

the elliptical stepper. For people who does

not have much time on going to the gym it’s

would be not the best choose to have one of this

devices at home. Take too much place and look

a bit aggressively. Putting on first place comfort

we got first criteria for ourselves to make it

maximally effective but looking friendly.

The artificial surfaces like concrete or asphalt

was much more unpleasant and even painful.

Human body

Muscles intended to train

‒ m. peroneus longus

‒ m. tibialis posterior

‒ m. triceps surae

Needed movement

‒ put foot down front/middle part first

‒ unstable foot placement for training

‒ proprioception sense and balance

Study of running

We examined running in different surfaces

with and without sport shoes. The results were

surprising. Both of examiners tend to put heel

part of foot first. Even when running without

shoes.

It felt like with a sport shoes running was easier

and better, However Most shod runners -- heel-

strike, experiencing a very large and sudden

collision . People who run barefoot, however,

tend to land with a springy step towards the

middle or front of the foot. “Heel-striking was

painful when barefoot or in minimal shoes

because it causes a large collisional force each

time a foot lands on the ground.” - Tinatin.

So after few experiments we started to avoid

heel-striking and naturally started to put middle

part first. As result it was a bit harder to run and

we felt more muscles working.

Also while changing surfaces we convinced

that running in nature on the ground is best

experience, especially when running barefoot.

The surface is more soft and comfortable.

Process

Timeline of product ideas and prototypingProcess

Moving pedal stepperPrinciple: Pedall stepper that slowly moves around the room

Good points: Overcomes paradox of standing running machine

Problem: Will move too slow to give positive effect.

Variety of product ideas in the first round

September

Going back to browse previous ideas

Temporal leader:

Countless amount of ideas were found and

many of them were developed and prototyped.

It wasn’t a linear process, but we went back and

forth and finally combined the best of ideas.

Requirements:

- Supporting running in a natural way

- Immediate response to movement

- Is sensitive to senses

- Carries the metaphor of a journey

- Is furniture looking

- Self explainable use

Process

Process

October

Going back to browse previous ideas

Half pedal stepperPrinciple: Existing mechanical mini-stepper principle with half and soft pedals.

Good points: Soft and half pedals,has controlled eversion and inversion movement.

Problem: Not safe design and look.

Temporal leader:

Process

Process

searching for more mechanical soution:

Balloon stepperPrinciple: Pneumatic stepper with two balloon-like spheres

Good points: Very simple working principle, safe looking, direct feedback and excitement from the movement

Problem: Confusion with the project objectives to design a mechanical product

The basis of the final product first came up:

Origami stepperPrinciple: Folding mechanism, soft surface.

Good points: Elegant original appearance, carpet looking shape, adjustable step height.

Problem: Mechanical solution becomes complex in compare with existing mini-steppers.

Yet another path to try . . .

Different mechanisms of the Origami stepper . . .

Process

Process

searching for the shape . . .

Balloon stepperPrinciple: Pneumatic stepper with two balloon-like spheres

Good points: Very simple working principle, safe looking, direct feedback and excitement from the movement

Problem: Not adjustable step height.

The basis of the final product first came up:

Process

A product service system Solution of the Product

Solut ion

Paseo is a home training equipment that mimics

stepping in a natural way. Paseo is a part of a new

business model that also engages people, who

are not willing to exercise in gyms, by renting

different equipment and guiding training via

service system. Product is targeted to female/

male over age 30 (40).

The pneumatic stepper-like product has good

effect on lower leg muscles, developing also

balance. Paseo is good for the people recovering

from ankle injuries (for the people who had ankle

injuries).

Technical description

Paseo enables people who use it make

adjustments in the step height they want to train

with. Therefore people can choose the training

speed and level according to their needs. The step

height is regulated by the valve size. When the

valve cross-section is regulated down, it enables

people to train with lower pace or in high pace

but using only the small step height, as the air

exchange rate in pedals is very slow. When the

valve is open, people can train with higher step

size and therefore increase their training load,

as the air exchange rate is high. The following

approximations are made using an average step

speed and are therefore only for the purpose of

observation, how the equipment should work

Materials

The cover material is made of Flexible Plymer

Foam (MD) and the inflated peddals are of

plastizised polyvinylcholride. The material of the

frame is Acrylonile butadiene styrene (ABS).

2.

A product service system Solution of the Product

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Solut ion

Paseo in the envrionment of use. Photo: Siim Teller

A product service systemSolution of the service

USE

R

SIGN UP FOR SERVICE

SYSTEM

PASEO

CITY BIKER DOG WALKER MARATHON

RUNNER AEROBICS ADDICTED

OFFICE WORKER

CLEAN EQUIPMENT

CHOOSE LEVEL

MAKE ORDER RECIEVE TRAIN RETURN

RENT DIFFERENT EQUIPMENT

Advice on training Feedback & motivation system Opportunity to train at home

Safe environment Socializing

SIGNING UP WILL CREATE USER PROFILE WHICH WILL PROVIDE ALL

FARTHER INFORMATIONS AND ADVICES FOR USER

SERVICE SYSTEM USER SUPPORT DESCRIPTION

Service Blueprint

Solut ionSolut ion

I WOULD LIKE TO TRAIN BUT I’M NOT LIKELY TO GO TO GYM. AND I CAN’T BUY ALL THE EQUIPMENTS I NEED…

SHE FOUND SOLUTION A

WEB PAGE OFFERING HER TO RENT ALL THE

EQUIPMENTS SHE NEEDED

ALL THE EQUIPMENTS WERE EXPANSIVE AND SHE NEEDED SEVERAL OF THEM

SHE COULD THE EQUIPMENT SENT TO HER HOME AFTER A WHILE CHANGE IT FOR ANOTHER ONE

SIGN UP

SHE SIGNED UP FOR THE SRVICE

LOOK FOR THE SUTABLE TRAINING LEVETL

CITY BIKER DOG WALKER MARATHON

RUNNER AEROBICS ADDICTED

OFFICE WORKER

SEEMS LIKE I AM A DOG WALKER TYPE

OF PERSON

ORDER

SHE SIGNED UP FOR A SIMPLE TRANING PROGRAM AND ORDERES HER FIRST TRAINING EQUIPMENT

AFTER TWO DAYS SHE RECEIVED EQUIPMENT VIA SMART POST

SHE STARTED TO TRAIN ACCORDING TO HER TRAINING PLAN. EQUIPMENT INTERACTED WITH HER AND SHE EASILY UNDESTOOF WHEN HER DAILY WOURKOUT WAS DONE.

A PERSON WHO IS NOT SPORTY AND NOT PHYSICALLY STRONG. ONE THAT PREFERS TO WALK A BIT ON THE FRESH AIR.

AFTER FEW WEEKS SHE RETURNED THE EQUIPMENT

AFTER FEW DAYS HER PROFILE WAS UPDATED AND SHE WAS OFFERED A NEW EQUIPMENT

SO SHE CONTINUED USING SERVICE SYSTEM AND BECOMING SPORTY AND HEALTHY.

Service Map

A product service system Solution of the Product

Paseo service system is for the people who don’t

have time to go to the gym, who would like to

work out at home or office and who would need

extra motivation to do it every day.

Via Paseo service system it’s possible to rent sport

equipment. This solution will prevent customers

from purchasing not needed devices. Each user

will have profile, where it would be possible to

give feed back for the device, ask advice from a

trainer, find people on the same level.

Before ordering device each customer should

choose his/her level of exercise in a form of a

sport character:

Office worker ‒ Not physically active, the only

training for him/her is walking from bus stop to the

office. Busy lifestyle. ( Plan: 20 min each exercice

per each next day on Paseo with lowest intensively)

Dog walker ‒ person who is not sporty and not

physically strong. One that prefers to walk a bit

on the fresh air. (people who like passive style of

life, short distance walking and spend a evenings

outside or taking morning walks. Plan: 20 min each

next day with middle intensity)

City biker ‒ person using a bike to go to work, to

grocery, to university. Prefers to take a walk not a

car.(people with dynamic life style and have active

hobbies. Plan: 20 each next day min intensively)

Marathon runner ‒ person joining marathons

and active sports, he/she enjoy all the sports and

is physically strong. (people who are very into

training and take part in sport competitions. Plan: 35

min each day intensively)

Aerobics addicted ‒ a person who likes all the

aerobics and tried them all : body combat, Yoga,

Pilates, Latin dances etc. (somebody who can’t

imagine themselves without sport and need

to exercise every day. Plan: 40 min each day

intensively)

Dependently on the level the system generates

training plan for the month. After the 4 weeks of

practiceing on one device is done, one can order

new device on the internet and get it from the

smart box the next day. This is much more easer

then going to the shop or waiting long time for

the delivery.

Solut ion

How user understands and communicatesInteraction

Iinteraction

We went thought the different ideas, from

complex with many functions to most simple

versions. Combination of simple outlook but

smart device seemed to be most optimal.

Aim of the interaction and the service system is to

help the user stay motivated and train every day.

As light is very much associated with movement,

especially if it’s dynamic, we found it best

medium for the interface. The logic chain of

concept which we took for our interaction:

Green - Color - Visual perception - Visible Light - Energy

Technical solution

Our technical solution it’s production energy

from movement. In this way any mechanical work

transferring into electrical.

The piezoelectric effect converts mechanical

strain into electric current or voltage. All we need

for it - its energy source, circuit, storage for the

power and voltage regulator.

With this technology location of use does not

have any matter. Also, there is no need to change

batteries or hardwire power, and can work long

without maintenance.

Parts of the system:

‒ Piezo element

‒ Energy storage

‒ Voltage regulator

‒ Rectifier Circuit

A piezoelectric sensor is a device that uses

the piezoelectric effect to measure pressure,

acceleration, strain or force by converting them to

an electrical charge.

Solut ion

Graphics and Intearactive surfaceInteraction & Business model

Smart Textile

The upper surface of the product, is made of

Smart textile and it displays feedback using the

movement energy. It’s material which can react

on electricity, noise, temperature, pressure,

stress or load. And reflect it on the surface of the

material.

Smart textile interacts with the environment and

as our idea is to create a training equipment that

its less machine-like and instead communicates

with user in a more natural way.

To build up a smart textile system we need:

- sensing ( stepping),

- powering (was described in technical part of

interaction),

-communicating,

- data processing (micro processor).

As a material suitable for this purpose was chosen

lycra fabric coated with carbon-loaded rubber and

a commercial electro-conductive yarn.

Smart textile need a brain to work, a good way to

do that with Arduino (open-source single-board

microcontroller), and program can be written on

Wiring-based language similar to C++.

CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS

KEY PARTNERS

SPORTSCLUB

PAYMENT SYSTEM

SMART POST

MANUFACTURER

OF THE SPORTS

EQUIPMENTS

KEY ACTIVITIES

CARIER

ONLINE HELP

KEY RESOURCES

USERS

PRODUCT

VALUE PROPOSITION

TRAINING IN HOME

DIFFERENT EQUIPMENTS

FOR SAME PRICE

INSURANCE

EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE

REGISTRATION

CHANELS

WEB SERVICE

CARRIER SMART POST

CUSTOMER SEGMENTS

30 + YOUNG FAMILY

45 +

PEOPLE PREFERING TRAIN AT

HOME

COST STRUCTURE

FIXED COSTS

REVENUE STEAMS

REGISTRATION FEE RENTING FEE DELIVERY

FEE

DISCOUNT FOR FILLING TRAINING PLAN

INSURANCE FEE

Business model canvas

Solut ion

Engineering Design

Approximation of the volume of the inflated pedal

In Paseo, the pedals are inflated with air and the

shape can be seen from Sele 1.

For the simplification of calculations, it is

presumed that the shape of the pedals is

approximately equal to a sphere, where segments

are cut out from the upper and lower part. For

estimating the volume integration is performed,

as shown on Sele 2.

V0 – volume

f(x) – line function

a- Starting point of integration

b- Endpoint of integration

Circle equation:

x0, y0 – centre point coordinates

r – radius of the circle

y

xO(0;0)

Sele 1

Sele 2

In our case:

x0=0 y0=0 r= 95 mm

Therefore:

The height of the pedal is h=75 mm, and assuming

that the cut out segments are of the same size, we

get

a = - 37,5 b = 37,5

Therefore, the volume is:

With this method it is possible to know the

volume of the pedal at every moment while

training with the equipment and therefore get

to know the amount of air moving through the

valve.

Based on the measurements for the step speed,

when walking on the stairs, the average time, the

foot moves from the uppermost position to the

down most position is :

t = 0,83 s

The absolute pressure in the pedals is

p = 141 855 Pa

Finding the air molecule root mean

square velocity

Solut ion

Engineering Design

R- Gas constant

T- absolute temperature [K]in our case T=295 K

-molar mass of air

vrk- mean square velocity

Now it is possible to calculate the valve cross-

section size. The maximum cross-section is when

the person wants to use the maximum step height

and therefore needs the fastest airflow.

When taking the starting of the observation at the

point when one foot is completely on the ground

and the other one in the highest position, the

amount of air moving through the valve while the

upper foot is going to the down most position is

2 times the amount of air in one pedal in the non

training condition. So the flow speed is estimated

to

The cross-section can be found with the

formulas:

Vv- volume of the air going through a valve

Sp-cross-section of the valve

S-distance to where the air molecule can move in

0,83 seconds.

t- Time for one step

So from previous we get:

With circle cross-section, the valve diameter

can be found:

d=3.6 mm

In Sele3, the graphic explains how big air flow is

needed for each step height.

n Sele 4, the graphic explains how big the valve

cross-section should be for the corresponding

step height.

All the presented data is estimated and when

actually putting together the step height

regulating graph, the calculations here should be

replaced with test results, carried on a working

prototype, as the material and its exact properties

will affect the results obtained.

0

2.5

5

7.5

10

0 3.75 7.5 11.25 15

cross section vs step heightmm2

cm

0

1.25

2.5

3.75

5

0 3.75 7.5 11.25 15

Step height vs air flow

litres

cm

Sele 3

Sele 4

Solut ion

Tallinn University of Technology / Estonian Academy of Arts The girls group 2012