Passive House Anintroduc+ontoWesternTechnicalCollege’swoodbuilthighperformancebuildingenvelopeproject

InaccordancewiththeDepartmentofLaborandIndustry’sstatute326.0981,Subd.11,

“Thiseduca+onalofferingisrecognizedbytheMinnesotaDepartmentofLaborandIndustryas

sa+sfying1.5hoursofcredittowardBuildingOfficialsandResiden6alContractorscon+nuingeduca+on

requirements.”

Foraddi+onalcon+nuingeduca+onapprovals,pleaseseeyourcredittrackingcard.

Todays Learning Objectives •  ExaminethehistoryofthePassiveHousemovement•  ListthestandardsforPassiveHousebuilding•  Iden+fycomponentsofaPassiveHouseenvelopesystem

•  Understandtheimportanceofanalysisandtes+ng•  Exploreenergyconsump+oninresiden+albuildings•  Examinethebuildingmaterialsofapassivehousemockup

•  Compareenergymodelingtoactualenergyconsump+on

What is Passive House?

• Heardofit?• Whatdoyoualreadyknow?

1.  VeryliZle—justheardaboutittoday2.  Someknowledge,buthavesomegaps3.  FeelcomfortablewiththePassiveHouse

Standard4.  IknowmorethanthisBozo,wish

someoneelsewaspresen+ng

Passive House History

•  1973oilcrisis•  Increasedtransporta+oncosts

• Residen+alhea+ngcostsalsosoar

Illinois Lo-Cal House • WayneSchick’steam@Urbana

•  Smallfootprint•  U+lizesun’senergyforhea+ng

•  Highinsula+onlevels•  PassiveSolarMovement

Passive House Europe

•  Dr.WolfgangFeist•  Early1990s•  60-70%totalenergysavings

•  80-90%totalhea+ngsavings

•  PassiveHouseIns+tute(PHI)established1996

Darmstadt-KranichsteinHouse

Passive House United States

•  KatrinKlingenberg,Urbana,Illinoisin2003

•  StephanTanner,BioHaus@ConcordiaLanguageVillage,2006

•  PHIUS2007!• WesternTechnicalCollegestarts1stproject:2012

Passive House Design

• Robust,con+nuousthermalinsula+on• AirTight• Moisturemanagement• Highperformancewindows• Constant(lowvolume)freshairsupply

A new standard for building

•  R-values:•  Slab:39•  Basementwall:39•  Walls:58•  Roof:89

•  0.6ACH50•  4.75KBTU/j2/yr•  Energy/moistureanalysis:WUFIpassive

•  Airexchange:BalancedusingERV/HRV

•  R-values:•  Slab:10•  basementwall:15•  Walls:20•  Roof:49

•  3ACH50•  38KBTU/j2/yr•  Energy/moistureanalysis:none

•  Airexchange:Balanced

• PassiveHouse • MNCodeBuilt

A new standard for building

•  R-values:•  Slab:39•  Basementwall:39•  Walls:58•  Roof:89

•  0.6ACH50•  4.75KBTU/j2/yr•  Energy/moistureanalysis:WUFIpassive

•  Airexchange:BalancedusingERV/HRV

•  R-values:•  Slab:0•  basementwall:10•  Walls:20•  Roof:39

•  3ACH50•  48KBTU/j2/yr•  Energy/moistureanalysis:none

•  Airexchange:Exhaustonly…

• PassiveHouse • WICodeBuilt

Why Passive House Standard? • Resourcemanagement

•  Energysecurity•  Extremelylowcarbonfootprint

Why Passive House Standard? •  Comfort

•  Thermalperformance•  TerrificIAQ•  Quiet•  Drajfree

•  Durability•  Vaporopenassemblies•  Air+ght•  Testedandverified

•  Affordability•  80%totalenergysavings•  90%Hea+ng/coolingsavings

Western’s SWiPHT Project

•  Exis+ngGreenhouses•  3lots,requiringre-zoning

• Chimneyswijs• NeighborhoodnearWesternTechnicalCollegeandUW-LaCrosse

SWiPHT House

• Pre-design:Fall2012• Design:Spring2013•  SitePrep:Fall2013• MainStructure:Spring2014

•  Finishes:Summer2014

Western Technical College Goals

•  Sustainabilityisoneofourvalues

• BuildthreePassiveHouses

•  Studentinvolvement• Curriculumintegra+on• BroadCommunityPartnerships

Envelope Elements: Slab

• Allenvelopeelementsmustreflect:

•  Air+ghtness•  Robustthermalperformance

•  Con+nuityofboth

Slab details, continued

Basement Walls

•  Thermallayerisconnectedtounderslabthermallayer

• Air+ghtlayerisconnectedtotheunderslabpolyethylene

Basement Walls, continued

Basement walls, continued

Above grade, wood frame •  2x6interiorloadbearingwall

•  AdvancedFramingtechniques

•  OSBsheathingforair+ghtlayer(tapedandsealed)

•  Exteriorballoonframewith14”i-joists

•  Fiberboardexteriorsheathing

•  Densepackcellulose•  Arguablythemostchallengingassembly…

Some more wall details: air sealing strategies

Primingandtapingalljoints

TopandboZomplatesreceiveacon+nuousbeadofsealant,asdoallopeningsandpenetra+ons

More Wall details Founda+on/wallconnec+on

14”i-joists,balloonframed--exterior

Above Grade Walls, continued DensePackCellulose,fiberboardandTyvek(notethefurringstripsforairgap)

14”I-joistballoonframe

Above grade walls, continued

Roof System

•  12/12pitchforop+mumPV

•  24”energyheel• ¾”plywood•  Iceandwatershield•  Zincstandingseamroof

More roof details

Roof Details Continued •  Shee+ngthe“A”truss • Peelands+ckiceand

watershield

Roof/wall connection

• OSBisalsotheair+ghtlayerfortheroofsystem(tapedandsealed)

•  24”ofloosefillcelluloseforthermalperformance

Roof/wall connection

•  2x6framingchasetorunHVAC,electricity

• Densepacked•  5/8”sheetrocktofinish

Windows and doors •  LowU-values:0.125•  SHGC:55(requiresshadinginsummermonths)

•  Triplepane•  Robustweatherstripping•  Tilt/turn•  Integratedinstalla+on• Wrappedinsula+on•  Exteriorroll-downshuZers

Windows and doors, cont.

•  Takeadvantageofsouthernexposure

•  Somedoorsareactuallylarge+lt/turnwindows

• Mountedincenterofwallassembly:

•  BeZerthermalperformanceandcomfort—alwayswithin7.2degreesFofinteriorairtemp.

Air tightness •  Rough-inblowerdoortest

•  Target:•  109CFM50or.3ACH50

•  Achieved:•  117CFM50or.32ACH50

•  TheatersmokeandIRcamerastofindleaks

•  Tapeandsealantto+ghtentheenvelope

Smoke Test/IR

Ajerinteriorfinishesarecomplete,thefinalblowerdoortestiscompletedbyaHERSrater

Durability Checks

•  ThermalBridgefree• Vaporopen•  Testedandverified

•  Throughenergymodeling• WUFI:Dynamichygrothermalmodeling•  THERM:thermalbridgeanalysis

WUFI Analysis •  Hygrothermalanalysis

•  Red=temperature•  Green=rela+vehumidity•  Blue=water

•  2yearsofweatherandindoorcondi+ons:dynamicmodeling

•  Durabilitychecks—assuresassembliesareabletodry

THERM Analysis • Verifythermalbridgefreeenvelopeassemblies

• Requiredwhenthermalbridgingisaconcernand/oranunprovenassembly

• Pointandlinearthermalbridgeguidelines

More Passive House Information • Western’sSwiPHtwebsite:

•  hZp://www.westerntc.edu/swipht/• Western’sSwiPHtBlog:

•  hZp://swiphthomes.wordpress.com/

• PassiveHouseIns+tuteUnitedStates:•  hZp://www.passivehouse.us/passiveHouse/PHIUSHome.html

• PassivHausIns+tute:•  hZp://passiv.de/en/