Pasta vs Candy???Pasta vs Candy???

ORGANIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDCOMPOUNDCarbohydratesCarbohydrates

CarbohydratesCarbohydratesAre needed for ENERGYAre needed for ENERGY““oseose”” endings endingsAre made of C, H, OAre made of C, H, OHave a 2:1 ratio of H:OHave a 2:1 ratio of H:ORing StructuresRing StructuresSugars, starches, cellulose, Sugars, starches, cellulose, glycogenglycogen

Types of Types of CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

1. Monosaccharides 1. Monosaccharides simple sugars simple sugars – GlucoseGlucose– GalactoseGalactose– FructoseFructose

Isomers!!!Isomers!!!– CC66HH1212OO66

ONE DIAMOND!

Samples of Samples of MonosaccharidesMonosaccharides

Continue with Carbs…Continue with Carbs…2. Disaccharides 2. Disaccharides two two monosaccharides together by monosaccharides together by dehydration synthesisdehydration synthesis

– MaltoseMaltose– SucroseSucrose– LactoseLactose

CC1212HH2222OO1111

TWO DIAMONDS!

Still More on Still More on Carbs…Carbs…

3. polysaccharide 3. polysaccharide more than more than three monosaccharides three monosaccharides combinedcombined– Starch Starch (plant energy storage)(plant energy storage)– Glycogen Glycogen (animal energy storage)(animal energy storage)– Cellulose Cellulose (in plant cell walls)(in plant cell walls)

Lots of Diamonds!!

Dehydration Synthesis of Dehydration Synthesis of Carbohydrates!!Carbohydrates!!

Monosaccharide + monosaccharide Monosaccharide + monosaccharide disaccharide + waterdisaccharide + water

Condensation ReactionCondensation ReactionIS ANOTHER NAME FOR DEHYDRATION IS ANOTHER NAME FOR DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!SYNTHESIS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Dehydration Synthesis Dehydration Synthesis Simplified!!Simplified!!

Hydrolysis is the REVERSE of Hydrolysis is the REVERSE of dehydration synthesisdehydration synthesis

Add water to break carbohydrates Add water to break carbohydrates down into their building blocks!down into their building blocks!

Hydrolysis Simplified!Hydrolysis Simplified!

Hydrolysis of Hydrolysis of CARBS!CARBS!

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