Patterns in Nature Dot Point 4 Review

Year 11 Biology

Question 1 Provide an example for the movement of a chemical from the external environment into the organism

Question 2 What is the term used to describe the movement of chemicals into the body, within the body and out of the body

Question 3Why is it so important that multicellular organisms have transports systems?

Question 4What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

Question 5 Explain the role of the respiratory system.

Question 6 Name 2 parts of the respiratory system.

Question 7What is the purpose of the transport system?

Question 8 What is the purpose of the Excretory System

Question 9 Name 2 different types of wastes that an organism will expel.

Question 10 All gaseous exchange surfaces share certain common features, name the 3

Question 11In which part of the lungs in mammals, does the gaseous change take place?

Question 12Why is it so important to have a large and thin surface area where gaseous exchange occurs?

Question 13Explain how oxygen moves between the alveoli and blood stream. You must talk about concentration.

Question 14What is the term given to breathing movements where air is drawn into and expelled from the respiratory organs

Question 15Explain the role of internal gills in a fish

Question 16Name one of the 3 surfaces frogs use for gaseous exchangeANSWER:• Skin• Floor of the mouth• lungs

Question 17Explain how insects overcome the difficulties posed by their habitat.

Question 18Which statement best describes a closed circulatory systemA. Transport fluid leaves vessels and enters spaces or cavities B. Transport fluid enters vessels and enters spaces or cavities C. The transport fluid flows in vessels onlyD. The transport fluid flows in arteries only

Question 19Why are open circulatory systems not very efficient?

Question 20.Outline how water is taking up from the roots to the leaves

Question 21.What is the main difference between xylem and phloem?

ANSWERS

Question 1 Provide an example for the movement of a chemical from the external environment into the organism ANSWER: oxygen from the air to the lungs for respirationCO2 from the air into the plant for photosynthesis

Question 2 What is the term used to describe the movement of chemicals into the body, within the body and out of the bodyANSWER: Gases Exchange – gases move by diffusion across a membrane

Question 3Why is it so important that multicellular organisms have transports systems?ANSWER: multicellular organisms are bigger in size = SA:V is smaller.Transport systems are important in Large animals because they need more nutrients and oxygen to provide them with energy and remove wastes. Transport systems allow this movement around the whole organism.

Question 4What is the difference between breathing and respiration?ANSWER: The mechanical (physical) rhythmic process involving muscles and the skeleton, to allow an organism to inhale and exhale. REspiration is to RElease energy from foods

Question 5 Explain the role of the respiratory system.ANSWER: Allows an organism to take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from their bodies

Question 6 Name 2 parts of the respiratory system.ANSWERS: mouth, nostrils, pharynx, trachea, lungs, bronchus (L&R) and alveoli

Question 7What is the purpose of the transport system?ANSWER: Is the link between all other systems in the body of an organism, ensuring cells are supplied with nutrients, gases and wastes removed.

Question 8 What is the purpose of the Excretory SystemANSWER: Involves expelling metabolic wastes from the body

Question 9 Name 2 different types of wastes that an organism will expel. ANSWER: Urea, Uric Acid Ammomia, Urine, Carbon Dioxide

Question 10 All gaseous exchange surfaces share certain common features, name the 3Answer: Large surface areaA moist, thin surfaceNear to an efficient transport system

Question 11In which part of the lungs in mammals, does the gaseous change take place? ANSWER: Alveoli

Question 12Why is it so important to have a large and thin surface area where gaseous exchange occurs?ANSWER:Increased folds increase the respiratory surface allowing more gaseous exchange. Thin lining makes it easier for the gas to diffuse allow the membrane

Question 13Explain how oxygen moves between the alveoli and blood stream. You must talk about concentration. ANSWER:Movement via diffusion from a high concentration of oxygen in the lung to a low concentration in the blood stream.

Question 14What is the term given to breathing movements where air is drawn into and expelled from the respiratory organsANSWER: Ventilation

Question 15Explain the role of internal gills in a fish ANSWER:Only allows movement of water in one direction.As water flows over the gills gaseous exchange takes place

Question 16Name one of the 3 surfaces frogs use for gaseous exchangeANSWER:• Skin• Floor of the mouth• lungs

Question 17Explain how insects overcome the difficulties posed by their habitat.ANSWER:• Have an internal respiratory

surface• In take and expel air through

breathing pores (spiracles)• Have branching air tubes

called tracheal tubes

Question 18Which statement best describes a closed circulatory systemA. Transport fluid leaves vessels and enters spaces or cavities B. Transport fluid enters vessels and enters spaces or cavities C. The transport fluid flows in vessels onlyD. The transport fluid flows in arteries only

ANSWER: C

Question 19Why are open circulatory systems not very efficient?ANSWER:As fluid pressure is low, transport fluid circulates slowly

Question 20.Outline how water is taking up from the roots to the leavesANSWER:Osmosis – soil high concentrations of water, moving to a low concentration in the roots. Water is then transported up the stem through the xylem and phloem and into the leaves.

Question 21.What is the main difference between xylem and phloem?ANSWER: Xylem transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves (one way)Phloem transports sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant.