Paulus Djatmiko

Indonesia

The BeginningThe Beginning

IP Network

l ffSignaling TrafficVoice/Video Traffic

The PromiseThe Promise

Increase

Increase your 

Increase your capacity

revenue

Move your network 

capacity

to IP

The PromiseThe Promise

Plug ‘n Play

Plug ‘n Play

•Any to Any Connectivity

•All you need is Eth t tEthernet port

Abundant CapacityAbundant Capacity

•10 Mbps•100 Mbps•1000 Mbps•1000 Mbps

Superior QualitySuperior Quality

•Latest voice codec

•Clear voiceQualityQuality •Clear voice experience

•Ethernet isCheapCheap

Ethernet is cheap

•Build in •Build in Resilient redundancy

•High availabilityredundancy

•High availability

Reality BitesReality BitesPlug n’ Pray Capacity? Quality really?Plug n’ Pray

Spanning Tree problems

Routing Loops problem

Capacity?

n x 100Mbps access

100 Mbps uplink?

Quality, really?

Delay & Jitter does not reflect quality

The Promise vs Reality Bites

Moving to IP is not a simple task

Additional efforts required to ensure smooth migration

Cheap

F i ti IP

Resilient. Period.

RedundantFor pre-existing IP infrastructure

Redundant.

Not.End.To.End.

Evolution: All The WayEvolution: All The Way

Core Core 

IP IP ElementsElements

ElementsElements

People & People & ProcessProcessProcessProcess

Successful IP TransformationSuccessful IP Transformation

Evolution: IP Detail DesignEvolution: IP Detail Design

High Availability

High Availability

d dd d

AvailabilityAvailability

HighHighStandardizationStandardization High Performance

High Performance

Design C id i

Design C id iConsiderationsConsiderations

EvolutionEvolution

Standardization

• Standardize all aspects of deployment:of deployment:• Cabling• Naming conventionNaming convention• Hardware placement• Module insertion• Module insertion• Port allocations Parameter Name

Hardware Name cs-[site].[id]VLAN Description [subnet].[service]Interface Description [ip] [endpoint interface id]Interface Description [ip].[endpoint interface id]VRF Name VPN_[service]Cable Label [source port/hostname]-to-

[destination port/hostname]Patch Panel Label [Device id].[module]-[port]

EvolutionEvolution

High Availability

• Eliminate Single Point of Failure, early in the developmentdevelopment

• End‐to‐end redundancy• Link redundancy• Link redundancy• Chassis / box redundancy• Interface redundancyInterface redundancy• Software redundancy• People redundancy?p y

EvolutionEvolution20 Gigabit x 2

High Performance

• Calculate expected performance from all angles:angles:• Hardware capacity vs• “Real” hardware capacityReal  hardware capacity• Link bandwidth vs• Uplink bandwidth

48‐port Ethernetp

• Payload codec being used• Expected user behaviour

Formula (Total MGW* 2G) * (outbound traff/inbound traff) + sig bw + oam bw + charging bw }

= --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.75

EvolutionEvolution

T i l P l d A ti• Typical Payload Assumptions:– 33% of all subscriber simultaneously callsIn 2007 10% subscriber make calls over IP 2% of calls– In 2007, 10% subscriber make calls over IP, 2% of calls is video

– In 2008, 33% subscriber make calls over IP, 5% of callsIn 2008, 33% subscriber make calls over IP, 5% of calls is video

– In 2009, 67% subscriber make calls over IP, 10% of ll i idcalls is video

– In 2010, 100% subscriber make calls over IP, 20% of calls is videocalls is video

– Voice call bandwidth = 40kbps (AMR)– Video call bandwidth = 192kbps (H.264m codec)p ( )

EvolutionEvolution

b ib li ib ib li i d id h i dd id h i d

Typical Bandwidth per Service:

Subscriber ApplicationsSubscriber Applications Bandwidth RequiredBandwidth RequiredH.264m video call 192 kbps

AMR i ll 40 kbAMR voice call 40 kbps

GSM voice call over IP RAN‐O 53 kbps

Internet 500 ‐ 1 5 MbpsInternet .500  1.5 Mbps

VoIP 30Kbps‐100 Kbps

Interactive Gaming 128k ‐ 6 0 MbpsInteractive Gaming 128k  6.0 Mbps

Video on Demand 3.0 ‐ 6.0 Mbps

Broadcast TV (SD‐TV) 3.0 – 5.0 Mbps

HDTV MPEG‐4 6.0 – 7.0 Mbps

EvolutionEvolution

Graphic of Total Required Bandwidth: Voice andVideo

140

160

4 000 0

4,500.0

100

120

140

3,000.0

3,500.0

4,000.0

60

80

100

1 500 0

2,000.0

2,500.0Subscriber [million]

Subcriber Over IP [million]

Simul Call [million]

Voice+Video call [Gbps]

20

40

500.0

1,000.0

1,500.0

02006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

-

Step By StepStep‐By‐Step

•Transform Signalling to IP• Transform Signalling to IPPhase 1 •Transform Signalling to IP• Transform Signalling to IPPhase 1

• Transform Voice Payload to IP• Transform Voice Payload to IPPhase 2 yyPhase 2

• Transform Video Payload to IP• Transform Video Payload to IPPhase 3

Transformation – Signaling Network (Current)

Tier 1(Legacy STP)

Tier 2(Legacy STP/ 

IP‐STP)

Tier 2(Legacy STP/ 

IP‐STP)IP STP) IP STP)

Transformation – Signaling Network (Step 1)

Tier 1(Legacy STP)

Tier 2(Legacy STP/ 

IP‐STP)

Tier 2(Legacy STP/ 

IP‐STP)IP STP) IP STP)

Transformation – Signaling Network (Step 2)

Tier 1(Legacy STP)

Tier 2(Legacy STP/ 

IP‐STP)

Tier 2(Legacy STP/ 

IP‐STP)IP STP) IP STP)

Transformation Voice/Video Traffic

Oth t

Transformation – Voice/Video Traffic

Other operators

Gateway MSC

MSCs

2G RAN

MGw

IP Core Network

IP Core Network

Transformation Voice/Video TrafficTransformation – Voice/Video Traffic

Oth tOther operators

Gateway MSC

MSCs

2G RAN

MGw

IP Core Network

Transformation Voice/Video TrafficTransformation – Voice/Video Traffic

Oth tOther operators

Gateway MSC

MSCs

2G RAN

T‐MGw

MGw

IP Core Network

Are We Done Yet?Are We Done Yet?

Delay JitterUser‐

perceived voice quality

Voucher Transaction Success Rate

Packet

voice quality Success Rate

h lPacket Loss Bandwidth Charging 

Success RateSMS Delivery Queue Delay

KQIKQIKPIKPI VSVS KQIKQIKPIKPI VSVS

Mobile Telephony over IP Media RequirementsMobile Telephony over IP Media Requirements

C i Cl M bil T l h d t d Q litCarrier Class Mobile Telephony end‐to‐end Quality• Requires MOS => 4, R => 80

Latency• Mouth‐to‐ear delay must not exceed 400ms (<150ms preferred)

Jitter• Jitter must not add delay beyond allotment in overall delay budget

Packet loss• Dependent on codec, sample size(ms) and use of Packet Loss Concealment 

(PLC) or Forward Error Correction (FEC)• GSM‐EFR ‐ 0% Packet loss to retain toll quality

• G.711 ‐ 0.5% Packet loss w/ PLC

ITU‐T G.108 Speech Quality Categories R‐value to MOS‐score correlation

Best90 100

R‐rating Quality Category

Very satisfied

User Satisfaction

4 3 4 5

MOS

Best

High

Medium

90 ‐ 100

80 ‐ 90

70 ‐ 80

Very satisfied

Satisfied

Some users dissatisfied

4.3 – 4.5

4.0 – 4.3

3.6 – 4.0Medium

Low

Poor

70  80

60 ‐ 70

50 ‐ 60

Some users dissatisfied

Many users dissatisfied

Nearly all users dissatisfied

3.6  4.0

3.1 – 3.6

2.6 – 3.1

‐0 ‐ 50 Not recommended 1 – 2.6

Computational vs Experienced Voice Quality metricsComputational vs Experienced Voice Quality metrics

Enhanced OSSEnhanced OSSAutomatic

Service Management LayerService Management LayerTroubleTicket

AutomaticTrouble Ticket

CreationProblem

Escalation

AlarmRoot Cause

EventCorrelation

Network Management LayerNetwork Management LayerFault and PerformanceFault and Performance

Completed Alarm Data

Performance data

C fiElement Management LayerElement Management Layer

End-pointsPerformance

BackboneP f

ConfigPolling

Network ElementsNetwork ElementsLayerLayer

Performance data SNMP

Fault trap

Performance data Inventory

Polling

F C A P SF‐C‐A‐P‐S

Ch M /f / Change Management / Accounting/ProvisioningAccounting/Provisioning

Configuration / InventoryInventory

Cisco ACSVisionael CiscoWorks Cisco ACSVisionael CiscoWorks

Cisco ISC

NGOSSNGOSSInitiativeInitiativeInitiativeInitiative

ConcordeHealthSMARTS Remedy

CiscoACS

SIEM

NetflowCollector

Availability /  Capacity /

HP NNM

SecuritySecurity

SIEM Collector / NAM

ConcordTrafficy

FaultFaultp y /

PerformancePerformanceyy Traffic 

Accountant

Success KeySuccess Key

Business Process Spare parts

Dedicated

Process

Performance Dedicated Personnel Parameter & 

Security

Availability

Performance

Quality

Design and Topology

Monitoring Tools

Thank YouThank You