Pavement ManagementStep by Stephttp://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave (15Mb .zip)
Janel A. BisacquinoTransportation Asset Management Information System (T.A.M.I.S.)
Mercer County Department of Transportation & Infrastructure
Janel ‐ [email protected]
Geospatial Information Specialist• Over 15 years experience building Geographic Information
Systems (GIS) for asset management and training government agencies, private industry and NGOs to do the same.
• Federal: National Park Service and Fort Dix• State: Maryland and New Jersey• County: Burlington, Monmouth and Mercer• Municipality: West Amwell, Branchburg, Princeton, Hopewell +• City: Baltimore, MD• University: UMass‐Amherst and UMDNJ‐Rutgers• GIS Center at Stony Brook (nonprofit) and private businesses
T.A.M.I.S.
Step by Step Pavement Management
Agenda –
• Pavement Management & MAP21
• Step 1 – Pavement Inventory
• Step 2 – Annual Distress Survey
• Step 3 – Pavement Management Plan in Action
• Step 4 – Long‐term Improvement
• Questions
T.A.M.I.S.
Pavement Management (PM)
Mercer County Approach –Moving Ahead for Progress in 21st century (MAP21) compliance• Successful implementation of any asset management program
is achieved through adaptive innovation to support current practices.
• Transportation is only one category in overall County physical and information assets.
• Staffing:• Identify an asset data steward and Pavement Management champion.• Consultants can’t take responsibility for daily development decisions,
encouraging use and sustainable documentation processes that work.• Put your money in capable staff, not in a computer application.
T.A.M.I.S.
*
Pavement Management & MAP21
Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st century• Signed into law in July 2012.• Allocates $105 billion for FY 2013 and 2014.• Provides framework for investments in the country’s
transportation infrastructure.• Many provisions will take 3‐5 years to implement.• Butch Wlashin, P.E., Director Office of Asset Management,
Pavement and Construction, Federal Highway Administration: “Funding will be found for years 3‐5.”
• Primary focus on Pavement and Bridges. Other assets to be included as time and money are available.
• A long‐term, inclusive transportation improvement programT.A.M.I.S.
U.S. Surface Transportation
• Last significant investment was 50 years ago.
T.A.M.I.S.
• The average commuter wastes 34 hours per year in traffic.
• 42% of America’s major urban highways remain congested which wastes $101B in fuel.
• Of nearly 33,000 roadway fatalities in 2010, 1/3 were caused by deficient roadway conditions.
Public Works are no longer road builders
• We are Service Providers of …
Safe roads that can handle the capacity to reliably get everyone to their destinations.
• We are Asset Managers.
• We need to preserve ourexisting road system.
• We must optimize investments for performance.
T.A.M.I.S.
MAP21 “Limited” Goals
• Transition to Transportation Performance Management (TPM)• Performance now connected with Federal aid• Whole system data required for investment & policy decisions• National performance goals described by measures & targets• Analysis of and reporting on goal achievements
• “Within 18 months (January 2014) ‐ State DOTs are required to report accurate count of miles of pavement and current conditions of their portion of the NHS.” – B. Wlashin, FHWA
• Congestion reduction on the NHS
• Improve National Freight Network and insure access for rural communities
T.A.M.I.S.
*
*
National Highway System
Approximately 220,000 miles of roads important to the nation's economy, defense, and mobility ‐ which include:
• Eisenhower Interstate System (such as I‐95) and highways
• Urban and Rural Principal Arterials ‐many maintained by Counties and Municipalities (also known as Federal Aid Roads)
• Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET) ‐ provides continuity and emergency capabilities for defense purposes, such as access between major military installations and highways
• Intermodal Connectors ‐ provide access to a major port, airport, public or major transportation facility(NJ List ‐ https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/intermodal_connectors/newjersey.cfm)
T.A.M.I.S.
*
National Highway System New Jersey
• 2012 Map ‐http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/ national_highway_system/nhs_maps/ new_jersey/nj_NewJersey.pdf
• 2008 List ‐http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/roadway/pdf/nhs2008.pdf
T.A.M.I.S.
*
National Freight NetworkNew Jersey
• Draft Primary Freight Network Maps and Tables ‐http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/FREIGHT/ infrastructure/pfn/index.htm
• Updated as January 21, 2014• Designation Deadline &
Commenting Period extended to February 15, 2014
T.A.M.I.S.
*
MAP21 Goals for ALL Public Roads
• Safety ‐ Funding doubled for eliminating deaths
• Reduction of emissions
• Reliability for the entire surface transportation system (including public transit)
• Better use of environmentally sustainable construction techniques & materials
• Expand options such as new public transit routes, bike routes and pedestrian paths
T.A.M.I.S.
• Safety ‐ Funding doubled for eliminating deaths on roads Every town gets funding for road safety
To Reach MAP21 Goals
• More collaborative process between:• State DOT, • Regional & Metropolitan Planning Organizations (RPO/MPO)
• County DOTs and Municipal Public Works • Crash reporting agencies, such as Police/Public Safety• Freight companies
“The more collaboration that occurs, the more successful we all will be!”
‐ FHWA
T.A.M.I.S.
Definitions
• Transportation Performance Management (TPM) focuses on the road network as a system in terms of safety, congestion, reliability, traffic and environmental effects.
• Transportation Asset Management (TAM) focuses on an inventory of physical assets and their condition.
• Transportation Asset Management Plan outlines how to implement cost‐effective maintenance and improvements.
So, What is Pavement Management?T.A.M.I.S.
• What is needed to sustain pavement life in suitable condition and delay major reconstruction?
• We all have the sufficient quantities of information on our roads (at least on paper) but…• We may not effectively convey it to those making decisions or
• Be able to view the road system as a whole (or under multiple what‐if conditions) for effective planning
• We need to account for all actions taken across our transportation system.• How do we qualify those actions?• How does each action improve the whole system?
MAP21 TPM = Pavement Management
T.A.M.I.S.
(Transportation Performance Management)
*
Pavement Management
Department Goals• Public Works ‐ Asset Inventory & Maintenance Tracking• Engineering ‐ Integrated Project Planning• Administration ‐ Quick, Easy, Realistic Budget Projection
MAP21 Goals• Supports efficient allocation of resources• Increases accountability and transparency• Improves communication with decision‐makers and the public• Enables better decisions
T.A.M.I.S.
Mercer County
T.A.M.I.S.
• Covers 226 square miles• 366,513 Population
• 12 Municipalities • City of Trenton• Princeton Univ. & US 1 ‘Edge City’
• Crossed by US 1, I‐95/195/295, & NJ Turnpike• Spans Fall Line – base soils of clay & sand
500 & 600 Series Roadway Network• County maintains 59 routes – 177.75 miles total• Maintenance program – 2” Mill & Overlay + Patching
*Start Here
Functional ClassificationMercer County• 2004 Maps ‐
http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/ roadway/fcmaps.shtm
T.A.M.I.S.
The Surface Transportation Program includes the NHS and other roadways classified as arterials and collectors (except Rural Minor Collectors), for which Federal Aid may be available.
Step 1 ‐ Pavement Inventory
• Few easily obtainable origin dates.• Fair maintenance records available in paper back to 1977.• Converted retiring clerk’s position to GIS Specialist:
• Based on maintenance records• Defined county road network – 177.75 centerline miles total• Divided into 313 segments
T.A.M.I.S.
Pavement Inventory ‐ Needs
• Large Road Map with road names• County: route numbers and town lines• Town: Primary/secondary road designations and/or
district/section/ward boundaries• Highlighters or Felt‐tip Pens in multiple colors
• Paving Project/Maintenance Records (about 15‐20 years)• Should list road name with from and to intersections/locations• Annual summary reports or project lists work fine
• Applications (if you want use it)• Spreadsheet program, such as Microsoft Excel to list paving projects• Google Earth, free desktop map program, to measure road lengths and
draw colored lines (called paths ) to represent road segments
• Don’t have available office staff? A summer intern can do this.T.A.M.I.S.
Earth
http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Examples
T.A.M.I.S.
Pavement Inventory ‐ How to
1. PM History ‐ List all paving projects & color code map by year2. Define Segments ‐ Group into unique list of road lengths
• Same road lengths (from/to) tend to be paved over and over againMay need to ignore paving projects that overlap 2 or more previous projects unless larger paving project seems to be more likely to be paved in the future
• If a road length is not colored, note it as well ‐ Don’t leave any out• Lengths won’t be equal ‐ rural segments tend to be longer
3. Assign IDs• Leave gaps in the sequence for breaking or adding segments later
County ‐ 6 digits, route number + increment of 10 (numbered from E‐W or S‐N)Ex.: CR518 from eastern County line = 518010, next segment to west = 518020, etc.
Town ‐ alphanumeric designation of road name + increment of 2
• May use NJ Straight Line Diagram Standard Route Identification (NJSLD SRI)• Don’t get too cryptic. Use your best judgment. Make it easy to understand.
T.A.M.I.S.http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Mercer County Pavement
Maintenance History
T.A.M.I.S.
Example
• From PM History to Road Maintenance Segment Definition
Just a second or two of a Supervisor’s time is required
T.A.M.I.S.
Pavement Inventory
4. Add measurements, Town/District, Class, Last Paved, Lanes, etc.• Can use Google Earth ruler tool to measure segment lengths and
lane count to estimate road width. Calculate area
T.A.M.I.S.http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Mercer CountyPavement
Maintenance Segments
T.A.M.I.S.http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Step 2 ‐ AnnualDistress Survey
T.A.M.I.S.
• Rutgers CAIT led meetings:• County Engineer• Transportation Planner• Road Maintenance Supervisors• Considered road function/traffic load and known issues
• Selected 6 distress groupings pertinent to geographic area• Easily identifiable ‐ narrowed from 15 distresses in 5 categories• Lumped into traffic load and non‐load associated distresses
• Consultant trained County road crew supervisors to identify and assess road distresses from truck “windshield survey”:• 6 two‐person crews added distress survey to daily work schedule for
entire year (approx. 12 hours or 1.5 days per crew total)That’s 24 minutes per mile annually. Another great Summer Intern project!
http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Annual Distress Survey – How to
1. Identify Pavement DistressesLoad associated Distress Groups
• Fatigue “Alligator” Cracking
Non‐load associated Distress Groups• Raveling & Weathering = surface wear or pocking• Patching = Utility Cuts and Potholes• Linear Cracking
• Transverse = across road width • Longitudinal = along length or seaming
• Block Cracking = Longitudinal & Transverse together
2. Determine Severity ‐ Low, Moderate & High 3. Estimate Length and Width of Distress Area
• Use lane width and centerline dashes (10 feet) ‐ Linear crack width is 1
4. Record all distresses found on each segment ‐ Shoulders, too.T.A.M.I.S.
http://www.infopave.com/?Goto=Tools
• Depression or “Shoving”
http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Applications
T.A.M.I.S.
Maximo
GISGeographic Information System
EAM/ERPEnterprise Asset Management orEnterprise Resource Planning System
TAMTransportation Asset ManagementSystem
• Tier 1 – Statewide $$$
• Tier 2 – Regional /County ?
• Tier 3 – Sub‐regional / Municipal $$
Earth
5. Calculate Distress Extents
T.A.M.I.S.
FromPavementInventory
DistressLength x WidthEntered [= 2*15]
Sum of RowFormula =Sum(LCM1..LCM14)
Total Area of Distress Divided By Segment AreaFormula = PL_AREA/AREA
Ride and Comments are subjective but flag problems & temporary conditions
http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
6. Pavement Condition Index (PCI)
U.S. Army Corp of Engineers PAVERTM(as known as MicroPAVER)
• Enter Road Maintenance Segment Information• Pavement Inventory ‐ at least ID and Area • PM History ‐ Treatment and Date• Distress Survey ‐ Type, Severity, and Total Area
• Calculates PCI based on Distress Weighting• 0‐100 score, 100 is new, well‐built road• Each distress type has different negative value,
called the Deduct Point (DP) Factor• Values derived from nationwide research
• Can analyzes future Pavement Deterioration based on PM History• The more history the better
Mercer Co. currently back to 1995 T.A.M.I.S.
http://www.paver.colostate.edu/$795 (POs accepted)Training offered
Results of Initial Distress Survey
T.A.M.I.S.
PaverTM Summary Chart
Average PCI by Year Paved Average PCI by Functional Class
0-10 11-25 26-40 41-55 56-70 71-85 86-100
FormalPavement
ManagementDecisionProcess
T.A.M.I.S.
Step 3 ‐ Keep Good Roads Good
Pavement Management Plan in ActionBalance Annual Maintenance Budget between:
1. Continue Repairing Backlog of Poor (or Worse) Roads• Rehabilitation (usually majority of cost) ‐Mill & Overlay
1st year ‐Mercer Co. chose to do one less project to fund other treatments
2. Review 2‐3 year old roads for specific distress scores• Preventative Surface Treatments (less expensive) ‐ crack sealing
and micro‐surfacing extends longevity of good condition ratingMercer Co. is purchasing 2nd crack sealing machine
• Bonus ‐ Helps meet the needs of all towns/districts equally Rehabilitation (Mill & Overlay) doesn’t usually allow for equal number of pavement miles repaired or even same percentage in each town/district
T.A.M.I.S.http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Step 3 ‐ Keep Good Roads Good
3. Year‐round Pothole Patching Program & Permitting to enforce 5 year Moratorium on Utility Cuts after Rehabilitation• Prevent water from penetrating pavement• Improve Safety & Reliability ‐ Smoother rides & reduced travel delays
4. Find fixes for continuously Poor or Quickly Degrading roads• Research better treatments (design, drainage, base course, etc.)
May require Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) Consultant.
• Possible Reconstruction (but may be too expensive) This is where Pavement History, Multiple Treatment Cost Projections and Condition Longevity Trade‐offs come in. Use PAVERTM.
T.A.M.I.S.From: “Best‐First” Policy is the Best Policy
http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Annual Road Work Moratorium List
T.A.M.I.S.
Step 4 ‐ Long‐term Improvement• Employ Best Management Practices (BMP)
• Stay turned in to advances in locally‐proven alternative treatments –crack sealing, thin overlays, etc. – and simple, time‐saving technology
• Mercer County does almost all work in‐house ‐ Committed to small changes to staffing, training, equipment, and project management.
• Communicate Return On Investment (ROI) –• Demonstrate results of Pavement Management as a first step for the
Transportation Asset Management program.• As the program develops over years, more successes will be realized.• Look for additional ways to leverage information gathered for
pavement management.• Program is developed as a model management strategy for all County
assets.
T.A.M.I.S.http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave ** How Much Time Do I have Left?**
Results of 2014 Distress Survey
0-10 11-25 26-40 41-55 56-70 71-85 86-100
PaverTM Summary Chart
65.7 63.0
77.769.8 73.5 73.7
79.7 82.976.3 77.3
86.2 85.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Rural Local Rural MajorCollector
Urban Local Urban Collector Urban PrincipalArterial
Urban MinorArterial
PCI ‐
Pavemen
t Con
ditio
n Inde
x
Functional Classification
Average Pavement Condition by Functional Class
2011 2014 2011 2014 2011 2014 2011 2014 2011 2014 2011 2014
T.A.M.I.S.
Rural Major Collector
Rural Local
Urban Local
Urban Minor Arterial
Urban Collector
Urban Collector
Urban PrincipalArterial
Add to the Pavement InventoryNow that all pavement segments are represented by a row in the Pavement Inventory, • Add a Summary Row at the bottom to total columns listing
measurements or counts based on which segments are displayed or hidden.
• Add columns to describe:• Each segment’s location, like:
• Percent of pavement in each town/district• Snow Plow or Sanding Route Designations
• Associated assets or attributes, like:• Number of stormwater inlets along segment• Current PCI, date surveyed, and surveyor
T.A.M.I.S.
• Calculations that help with work estimates, like:• Lane miles• Tons of asphalt required
to pave segment
Last two rows are hidden and Summary Row recalculated.
Even lengths for staff, gas & salteconomy
Formula: =(((Area/9)*110)*Depth of Mill)/2000
Annual Rehabilitation Budget
• Converted Pavement Inventory into project estimator• Based on segment area, calculate cost to Mill and Pave• Asset Management Plan ‐ Blanket replacement/upgrade of associated
assets during all pavement rehabilitations
T.A.M.I.S.http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Annual Asphalt BidMaps
T.A.M.I.S.
Annual Asphalt Bid
• Compare Asphalt Delivery Costs• Use Google Maps (http://maps.google.com)• “Get Directions” from each Asphalt Plant to the start of each segment• Enter measurement for shortest route that a dump truck can drive
A Summer Intern completed trip mileage for all 313 segments from all 6 plants in under 4 weeks!
T.A.M.I.S.
Formula: = [Toll Price]*[ Number of Plant Trips]unless 0 is entered to indicate non‐toll road can be taken
http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Safety Improvements
• Raised pavement markers for better night‐time lane visibility• Applied Asset Management Plan:
1. Blanket replacement/upgrade of associated assets during all pavement rehabilitations
2. Retrofits to past projects as funds become available• 2013 extra funds!
• Organized Pavement Inventory from most recent pavement maintenance projects to oldest
• Calculated total cost to install rumble strips:• 2 lanes $3,500 per mile and 4 lanes $10,500 per mile• Used pavement inventory length and maximum lanesFormula: =IF([lanes]=2, [length in miles]*3500,[length in miles]*10500)
• Extra considerations made: • By grouping by Rural Functional Classes• Balancing total lengths/percentages between towns
T.A.M.I.S.
TAMIS Map Viewer
T.A.M.I.S.
Earth
KML file cloud‐hosted(free service)
All Mercer County staff inDOT&I, OEM, and Planning have access from both theiroffice and home computers
Shared with towns as well
County‐maintained Roads are colored to designate north district roads (orange) and south district roads (red).
NJDOT Mileage List Update for MAP21
T.A.M.I.S.
“Within 18 months (January 2014) ‐ State DOTs are required to report accurate count of miles of pavement and current conditions of their portion of the NHS.” – B. Wlashin, FHWA
What’s Next?
• More Staff:• Hired 2nd GIS Specialist ‐ Converted retiring Mason’s position• Expecting to hire 2 Summer Interns ‐ Local Colleges (MCCC & TCNJ)
Majors: Civil Engineering, Surveying, Public Safety, Information Technology, Geography, etc.
• Working on:• Obtain tablet to record Distresses in mobile database for next Survey• Add more Pavement Management History and better Area Estimates • Grant for Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to determine base courses
• Future (Wish List)• Add Ride Quality Evaluation ‐ Top‐most Public concern
• International Roughness Index (IRI) ‐ Contractor or Smartphone Accelerometer
• Mobile LiDAR for Distress Detection• Looking for inexpensive truck‐mounted device similar to Microsoft Connect
T.A.M.I.S.
GIS‐TGIS for Transportation Planning
Pavement ManagementDepartment Goals• Public Works ‐ Asset Inventory &
Maintenance Tracking• Engineering ‐ Integrated Project Planning• Administration ‐ Quick, Easy, Realistic
Budget Projection
T.A.M.I.S.
Failure to comply may result in a reduction in fundingHowever, following the goals may result in:
• a reduction in maintenance costs• an increase maintenance services provided and even,• an increase in funding for which your town/county is available
MAP21 Goals• Support efficient allocation of resources• Increase accountability and transparency• Improve communication with decision‐
makers and the public• Enable better decisions
Pavement Management (PM)
Mercer County Approach –Moving Ahead for Progress in 21st century (MAP21) compliance• Successful implementation of any asset management program
is achieved through adaptive innovation to support current practices.
• Transportation is only one category in overall County physical and information assets.
• Staffing:• Identify an asset data steward and Pavement Management champion.• Consultants can’t take responsibility for daily development decisions,
encouraging use and sustainable documentation processes that work.• Put your money in capable staff, not in a computer application.
T.A.M.I.S.
List of Digital Handouts• Abbreviations For Street Designators USPS• Best‐First Policy is the Best Policy• Distress Identification Manual• Distress Survey Calculation Worksheet• Distress Survey Form• Introduction to Google Earth• NJ Intermodal Connectors Road List• NJ IRI Guidelines• NJ National Freight Network Map• NJ National Highway System Road List• NJ National Highway System Map• NJ Primary Freight Network Road List• Pavement Inventory and Management
Planning Worksheet• Smartphone IRI Collection Study• Summer Intern Announcement Sample
T.A.M.I.S.
Functional Classification Maps for:• Atlantic County• Bergen County• Burlington County• Camden County• Cape May County• Cumberland County• Essex County• Gloucester County• Hudson County• Mercer County
• Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader to view(Free download at http://www.adobe.com)
• Requires Microsoft Excel, Google Drive or compatible Spreadsheet application to use
• Middlesex County• Monmouth County• Morris County• Ocean County• Passaic County• Salem County• Somerset County• Sussex County• Union County• Warren County
http://tinyurl.com/mcdot‐pave
Questions
Transportation Asset Management Information SystemT.A.M.I.S.
Janel A. BisacquinoMercer County Department of Transportation & Infrastructure300 Scotch Rd – Building 1, Ewing, NJ 08628609‐530‐7500 ext. 101 [email protected]
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