PAVEMENT REHABILITATIONPAVEMENT REHABILITATION

RESONANT RUBBLIZINGRESONANT RUBBLIZING

What is Rubblizing? The Process of Fracturing Pavement of Portland Cement

Concrete into Angular Pieces for Direct Overlay

Application of Recycling the Concrete Pavement (Rubblizing)

Environmentally Friendly Construction

5

1

4

3

2

PSI

Number of Years

Reflection: Evolution of the Deterioration

Quality of the Road

5

1

4

3

2

PSI

Number of Years

Quality of the Road

Rehabilition of Concrete Pavement

Rubblizing

Rehabilition of Concrete Pavement

Rubblizing

Rehabilition of Concrete Pavement

Rubblizing

Rehabilition of Concrete Pavement

Structural Design: Correlations

Structural Failure Reflective Cracking100

0

Prob

abili

tyof

Fail

ure

Low PCC Modulus HighSmall Nominal Fragment Size Large

Target Zone

Structural Failure Reflective Cracking100

0

Prob

abili

tyof

Fail

ure

Low PCC Modulus HighSmall Nominal Fragment Size Large

Target Zone1 to 8”

DESCRIPTION OF TECHNICAL RUBBLIZING

Description of Rubblizing Equipment

Pedestal / Shoe

Resonant Beam

Weight

Flotation Tires

MotorComputer Controls

Description of Resonant Beam

Frequency 44 Hz Amplitude 1.905 cm

Vibration TechnologyWeight

Vibration TechnologyWeight

Frequency 44 Hz Amplitude 1.905 cm

Description of Resonant Beam

Frequency 44 Hz Amplitude 1.905 cm

Vibration TechnologyWeight

Description of Resonant Beam

Operational Data of Equipment• Strikes PCC 44 Times per Second.• 2,000 lbs. of Pressure Per Strike.• Beam Weighs 4080 kg.• Beam Raises 1.905 cm Per Strike.• Machine Speed at Approx. 6-8 km/hr.• Breaking Area is around 25 cm wide.• Maximum of 4,000 to 5,000 square

meters of rubblized concrete per day with a crew of two Resonant Machines.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Structural Design: Methods AASHTO – Procedure Design (SN) Asphalt Institute – Series Manuals (MS) -17 NAPA – Series Information (IS) –117 Airfield Asphalt Pavement Technology Program - AAPTP

Structural Design: State Studies

Over 20 Studies from Multiple States support that rubblizing provides:

Long life for surfaces – 22+ yearsSmooth driving conditionsRubblization eliminates reflective cracking and dramatically reduces surface defects

Alabama

Michigan

Pictured is pavement after years of use and deterioration.

Expert analysis is required to determine the cause of the failure of the pavement.

If the damage does not arise from the Subgrade or SubBase, the pavement is a candidate for Rubblization.

If there is a problem with the

Subgrade, Rubblization will not eliminate the issue.

Structural Design: Evaluation

Structural Design: Drainage

A Proper Drainage System should be Installed or Repaired prior to Rubblizing the pavement.

Varying Methods of Drainage can be used depending on the Site.

Structural Design: Drainage

10 cm open-graded5 cm dense-graded

# 57 Stone

3 % Slope Outlet

Filter Fabric

Shoulder Area

Rubblized PCC

Base Course

Subgrade

Permeable Zone

Relief Cut @ 9-12 m.

The Modulus of the Rubblized Concrete depends on the Thickness, Subbase and Subgrade. Typically Rubblized Concrete is 2.5 Times Stronger than any Granular Material.

E1

E3 > E2

E4 > E3

Where E3 = f(E2)

Where E2 = f(E1)E2 > E1Subbase

Subgrade

Structural Design: Scope

Coefficient Structure (ai) vs. Modulus (Mr) AASHTO

Structural Design: Coorelations

CONSTRUCTION

PROCESS

Rubblizing ProcessThree Stages of Construction:

Rubblizing Rolling Asphalt Overlay

Prior to Rubblizing Process

Repair or Replace the Drainage System

Remove any Asphalt Overlay Currently in Place

Resonant Rubblizing Breaking area between 15.24 and 30.48 cm Wide Ideal Distance Per Run - One Kilometer/ One Lane Wide Speed of Resonant Machine 6 to 8 km/hr

Test Pit

Confirm Specification and Debonding

Wright Patterson

10 Ton High Frequency, Low Amplitude Steel Drum Roller (3 Passes) Only Equipment Necessary After Rubblization Not Recommended to Drive on Prior to Asphalt Overlay

Rolling

Asphalt Layer Leveling Course on First Lift with Ability to Open Traffic No Primer Required on Rubblized Layer Minimum of 12.7 cm of Asphalt Overlay

Next Day - Open Traffic

Recommended State Specification High Frequency Low Amplitude Resonant Breaker

Resonant Breaker shall apply 2,000 lbs of pressure per strike at 44 hertz

Removal of any Existing Asphalt Overlay

Majority of the Particle Size Less than 15.24 centimeters

Maximum Particle Size of 20.32 centimeters

10 Ton High Frequency - Low Amplitude Vibratory Roller

3 Passes with Maximum Speed of 1.82 meters/second

Minimum of 80% Debonding of Existing Steel Reinforcement

No Traffic on Rubblized Slab Until First Lift is Placed

Minimum of 12.7 cm of Hot Mix Asphalt Overlay

Results – 22 Year Road