PBN Implementation Plan Norway ICAO EUR PBN TF & EUROCONTROL RAiSG
Brussel 12-14 March 2014
PBN Implementation Plan - NORWAY
• PBN Implementation plan Norway
• PBN organization in Norway
• Status PBN implementation
• PBN planning 2014-2016
• PBN requirements and reversionary modes
• Challenges
- Edition 1.0 (December 2009)
- Revision 2.0 (February 2012)
- Revision 3.0 (June 2013)
AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLAD AT:
http://www.luftfartstilsynet.no/avdelinger/Flyplass_og_flysikring/article10421.ece
PBN Organization in Norway
PBN project Group (CAA)
PBN plan working group (CAA and Avinor)
AIM
Coordination meeting
ATM/AIM
Prioritized/documented
APV/LNAV and RNAV 1
SID/STAR procedures
from airport divisions
(Avinor airports)
AIRAC-plan
Avinor input
to PBN plan
CAA
PBN-plan
Non-
Avinor
airports
PBN Group
Stakeholder
meetings (CAA)
PBN Project
National regulation (BSL G 4-1): Implement APV procedures at all instrument
RWY ends within 31 December 2016
P-RNAV (RNAV 1) SID og STAR – ATC airports
Status AIRAC 06 MAR 2014
TMA ATC airports SID STAR Infrastructure (RNAV)
Oslo ENGM P-RNAV P-RNAV GNSS or DME/DME
Farris ENTO
ENRY
P-RNAV
P-RNAV
P-RNAV
P-RNAV
GNSS or DME/DME
Kjevik ENCN P-RNAV P-RNAV GNSS
Sola ENZV
ENHD
Conventional
Conventional
P-RNAV
P-RNAV
GNSS (DME/DME planned)
GNSS
Flesland ENBR Conventional P-RNAV GNSS (DME/DME planned)
Vigra ENAL Conventional P-RNAV GNSS
Kvernberget ENKB Conventional P-RNAV
Conventional
GNSS
Ørland ENOL Conventional None
Vaernes ENVA P-RNAV P-RNAV GNSS
Røros ENRO None None -
Bodø ENBO P-RNAV P-RNAV GNSS
Evenes ENEV Conventional Conventional
Bardufoss ENDU Conventional Conventional
Andøya ENAN None Conventional
Tromsø ENTC P-RNAV P-RNAV GNSS
Alta ENAT Conventional Conventional
Banak ENNA Conventional Conventional
Kirkenes ENKR RNAV 1 RNAV 1 GNSS
APV Instrument Runway ends
• Instrument RWY end where an APV (LPV and/or LNAV/VNAV)
procedure can be established based upon the valid Pans Ops
criteria
• LPV: Max +- 5º offset from the extended centreline and with Vertical
Path angle (VPA) up to 6,3º
• Some RWY ends which are LPV capable by design can not have
the procedure implemented due lack of EGNOS coverage north of
70N
• LNAV/VNAV (Baro-VNAV): No offset from extended centreline and
with a VPA limit of 3º - 3,5º
• 77 APV Instrument RWY ends (+8 RWY ends possible APV
candidates)
Total 108 RWY ends.
Status pr. AIRAC 06 MAR 2014
ATS RWY
ends
APV RWY
ends
LNAV APV RNP AR A-RNP SCAT-1
(GBAS)
ATC (20) 46 39* 21 0 0 0
AFIS (33) 62 38* 30 0 0 0 26
Total 108 77* 51 0 0 0 26
RNP AR and A-RNP procedures will be implemented as necessary in close cooperation with
airport and operator
* Possible 5 more ATC RWY ends and 3 more AFIS RWY ends. Analysis required
PBN Implementation 2014 - 2016
• Safety Assesments for LNAV and APV under development (Q2 2014)
• RNAV 1 (P-RNAV) SID/STAR at all airports with ATC/AFIS medio 2015
• LNAV /APV procedures 2014-2016 • 23 LNAV/VNAV and 13 LPV planned on AIRAC 13 NOV 2014
• Implementation plan 2015/2016 under development
• RNP AR /Advanced RNP as necessary 2015-2016
PBN - requirements and revisionary modes
Flight phase NAV-
application NAV
specification NAV
infrastructure NAV infra
Back-up NAV appl.
Fall-back
En-route
Bodø Oceanic
ATS-ruter RNP 10 GNSS IRS/INS
En-route ATS-ruter RNAV 5
(B-RNAV) GNSS VOR/DME
(required)
Radar
TMA SID/STAR RNAV 1
(P-RNAV) GNSS DME/DME
(as necessary)*
Radar
Conventional SID/STAR
Vectoring service
APP IAP APV LNAV
GNSS Conventional (LS, VOR/ DME, NDB)
Conventional IAP
(type/number based on
analysis)
* DME/DME coverage will only be established as necessary in TMAs taking into account
TFC/complexity. Oslo TMA and Farris TMA have DME/DME coverage. DME/DME coverage is also
planned established in Sola TMA and Flesland TMA, no other plans.
Challenges:
• EGNOS coverage north of 70° N
• Coverage limitation north of 70°N
• Geometrical limitations at high latitude ( >60°N ?)
• Barometric issues at extreme low temperatures
• APV / LNAV safety assessment
• NO users of LPV …
Coverage beyond 70N ?
LPV:
13 airports outside EGNOS coverage!
(10 on mainland, 3 at Svalbard)
LPV is not an option until coverage is extended!!
High latitude Coverage calculations
«Challenges» related to foilage, shadowing and
reflections/multipath tend to increase at higher latitudes …
09 0 9
High latitude Coverage calculations
- Antenna radiation (reception) pattern:
Effective view of antenna
w/ antenna mask
𝜶
𝜷
09 0 9
Where α = satellite elevation angle,
and β = a/c antenna masking angle,
defined as when the amplification of the
antenna drops below 0 dBic.
Conclusion; LPV will require: α ≥ β
Note; β (angle where 0 dBic) is typically at 15°…
09 0 9
High latitude Coverage calculations
𝜶
09 0 9
Cross-wind:
25 G 35
High Latitude Coverage calculations:
- Other complications; crosswind
- Crab … or
- Slip …?
Question for the pilots in the audience; What is the preferred cross-wind approach
method at «narrow and short runways» when flying a regional aircraft ..?
LPV at high latitude
Theoretical
«cut off» at 70°N
Practical «cut off» due to antenna
reception pattern?
Practical “cut off” due to antenna
reception pattern AND 15° roll angle
(side-slip during final approach) ?
APV (Baro-VNAV):
Baro-VNAV
MET-conditions:
In the blue’er areas (plus Svalbard)
we typically have “dry climate
conditions”:
Summer : + 30° C,
Winter : - 45° C
Develop “winter” and “summer” IAP?
Conclusions on the challenges:
Administrative issues comment
APV / LNAV safety assessment Sorted
NO operators equipped for LPV Remains a PROBLEM
Technical issues Status
«Baro» issues at extreme low
temperatures
Sorted
No EGNOS coverage north of
70° N latitude
Planned expanded in 2015 ..?
EGNOS coverage/geometrical
limitations at high latitude
Solvable if EGNOS signals
were transmittes by non-GEO
satellites … this will be available
in 20??...?
Thank you for your attention!
Questions ?
Norwegian PBN Implementation team