PC-PNDT ACTPC-PNDT ACT

Dr. K. N. PatelFormer Additional DirectorHealth and Family Welfare

Gujarat

Sex ratioSex ratioNo. of women of all age groups per 1000

males in that area at a given point of time.Sex Ratio in India during last 100 Yrs

SN Year Sex ratioIndia

1 1901 972

2 1951 946

3 2001 933 / 927

4 2011 940 / 914

Sex ratioGujarat

920 / 883

918 / 847

Child Sex Ratio in INDIA Last 50 yearsChild Sex Ratio in INDIA Last 50 yearsChild Sex Ratio: No. of girls aged up to 6 Child Sex Ratio: No. of girls aged up to 6 years per 1000 boys of that age group years per 1000 boys of that age group

SN Year Child Sex Ratio1 1961 9762 1971 9643 1981 9624 1991 9455 2001 9276 2011 914

Age group wise Sex Ratio Age group wise Sex Ratio

AGE GROUP YEARS

SEX RATIO

00 – 10 886

11 – 20 885

21 – 30 904

31 – 40 928

41 – 50 923

51 – 60 1027

61 – 70 1445

71 – 80 1226

81 – 90 1346

91 – 100 1695

Overall and Child Sex Ratio : Overall and Child Sex Ratio : IndiaIndia

1961 - 20111961 - 2011

Sex Ratio of some populous countries-2001

Country Sex RatioPakistan 938

China 944Sri Lanka 1140

Nepal 1005Myanmar 1011America 1029

Japan 1041Brazil 1025

Australia 1011Russia 1140

Bungladesh 958India 933

Gujarat 920

Sr. Sr. No.No.

Name of Name of Taluka Taluka

Name of Name of District District

0-6 Sex Ratio0-6 Sex Ratio Absolute Absolute ChangeChange

19911991 20012001

11 UnjhaUnjha MahesanaMahesana 888888 742742 -146-146

22 VisnagarVisnagar MahesanaMahesana 868868 766766 -102-102

33 MansaMansa GandhinagarGandhinagar 877877 774774 -103-103

44 VijapurVijapur MahesanaMahesana 894894 777777 -117-117

55 MahesanaMahesana MahesanaMahesana 884884 779779 -105-105

66 GandhinagarGandhinagar GandhinagarGandhinagar 878878 795795 -083-083

Child Sex Ratio: 1991-2001 in some Taluka

District wise sex ratio: GujaratSN District 2001 2011

Adult Child Adult Child India 933 927 940 914 Gujarat 920 883 918 8861 Dangs 987 974 1007 9632 Tapi 996 951 1004 9443 Dohad 985 967 986 9374 Amreli 987 945 964 9375 Navsari 955 933 961 9266 Narmada 949 935 960 9237 junagadh 955 915 952 9218 Sabarkantha 947 918 950 9149 Porbandar 946 922 947 913

10 Panchmahal 938 903 945 90411 Jamnagar 941 879 938 89912 Kheda 923 898 937 89813 Banaskantha 930 898 936 894

District wise sex ratio: GujaratSN District 2001 2011

Adult Child Adult Child14 Patan 932 886 935 89415 Vadodara 919 907 934 89016 Bhavnagar 937 886 931 88917 Surendranagar 924 876 929 88718 valsad 920 881 926 88519 Mahesana 927 865 925 88420 Rajkot 930 892 924 87921 Bharuch 921 949 924 87722 Anand 910 835 921 85923 Gandhinagar 913 854 920 85424 Kutch 942 816 907 84725 Ahemdabad 892 801 903 84526 Surat 810 859 788 836

CausesCauses

Strong wish to have a male childGender discrimination Dowry Myth: daughter is a liability religious believes More and more couples adopting

one child norm and prefer male child

the result?the result?• Imbalance of male and female

population• All Males may not get bride to marry• Rise in the incidents of Rape,

kidnapping, exploitation, resulting in unhealthy society

• Increase in psycho-social and mental health issues

Action neededAction needed Avoid gender discrimination.

Equal opportunities and equity for women Create awareness among community,

decision makers.

Women should not be harassed on birth of a girl child (Male have XY pair of chromosomes and women have XX)

Govt. NGOs, leaders, philanthropic organizations, community groups should join hands to fight the issue

The Pre-conception and pre-natal The Pre-conception and pre-natal diagnostic techniques diagnostic techniques (prohibition of sex selection) Act, (prohibition of sex selection) Act, 19941994

The order came following a public interest petition filed by NGOs-the Centre for the Enquiry of Health and Allied Themes (CEHAT), the Mahila Sarvangeen Utkarsh Mandal (MASUM) and Dr. Sabu George, who had done extensive research in this area

An Act to provide for the prohibition of sex selection before or after conception, and for regulation of pre-natal diagnostic techniques.

Technique is for the purpose of detecting genetic abnormalities or metabolic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities or certain congenital malformations or sex linked disorders

Prevention of their misuse for sex determination leading to female feticide and for matters connected there with or incidental there to.

The Pre-conception and pre-natal diagnostic The Pre-conception and pre-natal diagnostic techniques (prohibition of sex selection) Act, 1994techniques (prohibition of sex selection) Act, 1994

Chapter – I PreliminaryChapter – I Preliminary

1. Short title, extent and commencement: The Pre-conception and pre-natal diagnostic techniques (prohibition of sex selection) Act, 1994; whole of India except the State of J&K; come in force on such date the GoI notify in gazette

2. Definitions: Appropriate Authority, Board, conceptus, embryo, fetus, genetic clinic, counseling centre, pre-natal diagnostic techniques, gynecologist etc.

Chapter – II Regulation of genetic Chapter – II Regulation of genetic counseling centers, genetic laboratories counseling centers, genetic laboratories and genetic clinicsand genetic clinics

3. Regulation of genetic counseling centers, genetic laboratories and genetic clinicsi. Registration under the Actii. Person providing services in these centers should possess prescribed qualificationsiii. No medical practitioner, geneticist shall conduct technique at place other than the registered oneNo person/specialist in the field of infertility shall conduct sex selection

Chapter – III : Chapter – III : Regulation of pre-natal diagnostic techniquesRegulation of pre-natal diagnostic techniques

4. Regulation of pre-natal diagnostic techniques No place including registered shall be used by any

person for conducting pre-natal diagnosis except-◦Purpose: Chromosomal abnormalities, genetic

disorders, haemoglobinopathies, sex linked genetic diseases, congenital anomalies, others specified by Board

◦No person, relative, husband of PW shall seek or encourage conduct of pre-natal diagnosis except for above or sex selection technique on her

5. Written consent of PW and prohibiting communicating the sex of fetus

- No person shall conduct procedure unless- explained all known side/after effects to PW- Obtained her consent in prescribed form- Copy of her written consent given to PW- No one shall communicate to PW or her relatives the sex of the fetus by words, signs or in any other manner

6. Determination of sex prohibited- No centre, clinic, lab shall conduct pre-

natal diagnosis for the purpose of determining the sex of fetus

Chapter – IV central supervisory boardChapter – IV central supervisory board

7. Constitution of Central Supervisory Board-Minister in-charge of Family Welfare as Chairman-Secretary FW – Vice Chairman-3 members from Ministry of DWCD, Legal affairs,

ISM-DGHS-10 members appointed by GoI : 2 each from

Eminent: Geneticists, Gynecologists, Pediatricians, Social Scientists, women welfare organizations,

-3 MPs-4 members on rotation frm States-Joint Secretary, FW as Member Secretary8. Term: Usually 3 years 9. Meetings: Once in 6 months10. Vacancies etc not to invalidate proceedings11. Temporary association of a person for

assistance12 to 16. Appointment of staff etc

Functions of the boardFunctions of the boardTo advise Central Government on policy

matters related to use of prenatal diagnostic techniques, sex selection techniques and against its misuse

Review and monitor implementation of The Act and recommend changes in the Act

Crete public awarenessLay down code of conduct for persons

working in genetic centers and laboratoriesOversee performance of various bodies

constituted under the Act

State supervisory boardState supervisory boardMinister in-charge of H & FW – Chairperson Ex-

officioSecretary HFW – Vice Chairperson ex-officioSecretaries/Commissioners from DWCD, Legal,

ISM, Social Welfare Ex-officioDirector Health & FW or ISM Ex-officio3 Women MLAs10 members to be appointed 2 each from

Social Scientists and legal experts, women activists from NGO, Gynecologists, Pediatricians, Radiologists

Joint Secretary FW as Member secretaryMeet once in 4 monthsTerm: Usually 3 years except ex-officio

Chapter – v: appropriate authority and Chapter – v: appropriate authority and advisory committeeadvisory committee

17. Appropriate Authority(AA) and Advisory CommitteeThe State Govt. shall appoint one or more AA for whole or

part of the State Multi-member AA: Officer of the rank of Joint Director of

Health – Chairperson, eminent women representing women organization, officer of Law Dept

To grant, suspend or cancel registration of a genetic center, laboratory or clinic

Summoning any person in possession of any information relating to violation of the provisions of the Act

Issuing search warrant for any place suspectedTo enforce standards prescribedTo investigate complaints of breach of the provisionsTo take appropriate legal actionsTo create awareness

Advisory committeeAdvisory committeeAdvisory Committee for each Apropriate

AuthorityThree medical experts from gynecologists,

pediatricians and medical geniticistsOne legal expertOne officer from dept dealing with publicity3 eminent social workers (one should be

from women’s organization)Recommend to AA after investigation of

complaints, for suspension or cancellation of registration

Chapter vi: registration of genetic Chapter vi: registration of genetic counseling centers, laboratories and clinicscounseling centers, laboratories and clinics18. registration of genetic counseling centers,

laboratories and clinicsGenetic centers, clinics or laboratories having ultrasound or imaging machine or scanner or any other technology capable of detecting sex of fetus should get registration under the Act with the Appropriate Authority.

19. Certificate of Registration: The AA shall after holding an inquiry grant a certificate of a registration in prescribed form. The certificate shall be displayed by registered centre in a conspicuous place.

Chapter vi: registration of genetic Chapter vi: registration of genetic counseling centers, laboratories and clinicscounseling centers, laboratories and clinics

20. Cancellation or suspension of registration: The AA may suo moto, or on complaint issue a notice to the centre to show cause why the registration should not be cancelled. After giving a reasonable opportunity and if satisfied that there is a breach of the provisions the AA may cancel the registration.

21. Appeal: The Appeal may be done within 30 days from the date of receipt of order to the central or the state government as the case may be.

Chapter VII offences and penaltiesChapter VII offences and penalties

22. Prohibition of advertisements relating to pre-conception and pre-natal determination of sex and punishment for contravention: up to 3 years imprisonment and fine up to 10,000

23. Any person who contravenes any of the provisions of this Act: Punishable up to 3 years imprisonment and fine up to 10,000. on subsequent conviction: up to 5 years imprisonment and fine up to 50,000.◦The name of Dr shall be reported by AA to State

Medical Council

Chapter VII offences and penaltiesChapter VII offences and penalties

24. Any person compelling PW to undergo the technique: Punishment as above. Not to woman who was compelled.

25. For acts of any person, the punishment not specified: up to 3 months imprisonment and fine up to 1,000

Chapter VII offences and penaltiesChapter VII offences and penalties26. Offences by companies: corporate, firm, Director27. Offence to be cognizable, non-bailable and non-

compoundable28. Cognizance of offence: No court shall take

cognizance of the offCHAPTER – VIII: MISCELLANEOUS

29. Maintenance of records: preserve for 2 years. Shall be made available to AA or authorized person by AA for inspection

30. Power to search and seize records, etc: to AA 31. Protection of action taken in good faith: No suit,

prosecution or other legal action against State, Central Govt and AA if action taken in good faith

32,33,34. Power to make rules, regulations and to be laid before Parliament

The rules, 1996The rules, 1996The rules give directives and guidance on :-Qualifications of personsRequirements for the place, Equipments etcRegarding sale of ultrasound machinesApplication for Registration FeeRegistration procedure, certificate, validity, renewalIntimation of change of addressRecords, declarations, FormsSearch and seizureAppeals

550,000

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