Advanced Air Quality Control Solutions for WTE Combustors

Joseph Riley JoAnn Pacinelli BoldEco Environment, Inc.

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

Address SoX, Hcl, NoX, Hg, Pm10 And Pm2.5 Individually Or Comprehensively

Fully Retrofit and Add-On Technologies

Small Footprint - Require Little Space for Installation

High Performance - Require Shorter Residence Times

Cut Into Existing Ductwork; Short Tie-In Time

Leverage Inherent Process Chemistries to Achieve Minimal Operating Cost

Low Capital and Operating Costs

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

Scrubbing (Multi-Phase Reaction) Optimization Solutions

- Acid Gas Scrubbing and Neutralization Sorbent Efficiency and Utilization

- Elemental Hg Conversion and Adsorption Oxidation and Particulate Formation

Particulate Control Solutions

- Pm Capture Optimization For Esps Resistivity and Humidity Control

- Condensables And Ionic Hg Capture Nucleation by Gas Cooling

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

Acid Gas Scrubbing Optimization

- DSI Enhancement Spray Cooling

- SNCR Enhancement Vaporized SNCR

- SCR Enhancement Hybrid SNCR/SCR

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

Hg and Particulate Control Enhancement

- FF Enhancement Reverse Gas Duct Standing Shockwave Generator

- ESP Enhancement Spray Cooling

- Condensables Enhancement Spray Cooling

- ACI Enhancement Spray Cooling

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Family of Technical Solutions

Eco|SprayTech Systems - Gas cooling and reaction chambers, patented injection systems for gas

cooling, humidification, emergency dilution and chemical reactions

Eco|SorbTech Systems - Low-cost BACT and MACT level acid gas and combined PM removal

Eco|PulseTech Systems - Low-cost MACT level high efficiency Fabric Filters for PM removal, controls

and add-on systems for FF optimization

Eco|SelecTech Systems - Low-cost MACT level, low temperature SCR and SNCR NOX removal, hybrid

SNCR/SCR systems, innovative, low-cost soot blowing systems

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

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Particulate Control Solutions

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Low-Cost RAFF Enhancement

Tsunami Standing Shockwave Generator

- Works with Existing RAFF Systems - Installs on the RAFF Reverse Gas Ducting System - Works by Generating a Standing Shockwave in the RA Duct to Improve

Cleaning and Pressure Drop

Solution Element - RAFF Standing Shockwave Generator

ReverseAirFan

Tsunami Impulse Booster

Gas In

tuO saG

Compartment1 Compartment2 Compartment3 Compartment4

PoppetValve

Solution Element - RAFF Standing Shockwave Generator

Generates a standing shockwave in the reverse gas duct that vibrates the bags clean

Simple in-duct installation

May be fired multiple times as needed to clean filter media

ReverseAirFan

Tsunami Impulse Booster

Gas In

tuO sa

G

Compartment1

Compartment2

Compartment3

Compartment4

PoppetValve

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Low-Cost RAFF Enhancement

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Low-Cost ESP Enhancements

ID-side - Evaporative Gas Cooling Tower

FD-side - Fan Inlet Cooling

Solution Element - EGC Spray Cooling Tower

Solution Element - EGC Spray Cooling Tower

Downflow EGC Tower in installed after APH where finely atomized water is evaporated to cool gases to lower resistivity

EGC tower eliminates danger of build-up in ductwork and provides engineered evaporation times

to Dust Collector

Spray Lances

From APH

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Flyash Resistivity

Optimum Resistivity Range for Good ESP Operation

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Air Preheater Outlet Temperature Profile

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Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Zone Cooling Approach

Spray Cooling Target

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Zone Cooling Implementation with EGC

Duct Temperature Profile Upstream of EGC

Duct Temperature Profile Downstream of EGC

ESP Inlet Temperature Profile 280-300F Average

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Additional Benefits of Cooling Technology

Enhancement of DSI

Enhancement of ACI

Enhanced Collection of Condensable Fraction

More Stable ESP Electrical Operation

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

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NOX Control Solutions

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Low-Cost NOX Solutions

SNCR with Catalytic Urea Conversion

Hybrid SNCR/SCR with Single-layer Catalyst Bed

Oxidizer with Activator Optimization

Two-step SNCR/Oxidizer

Solution Element - Catalytic Urea Conversion SNCR System

Patented urea conversion process

High-temperature, vaporized injection of catalyzed urea

Full-scale results show greater than 85% NOX reduction

Reduces urea consumption by >50%

Injection Location

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Enhanced SNCR Test ResultsPage 7

Customer: Cement Plant Proposal: 120515-1 Rev 0 Date: May, 2012

No part of this proposal may be reproduced, copied, disclosed or used by any party without the written permission of EcoSpray Srl. 2011

Prova 5 5 Aprile 2012

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17:16$ 17:31$ 17:45$ 18:00$ 18:14$ 18:28$ 18:43$

VALO

RI'VARIABILI')'VED

ERE'LEGEN

DA''

TEMPO'

mg/Nmc$NO2$rif$10$%$O2$camino$

mg/nmc$CO$rif$10$%$O2$

Urea$45%$$evaporatore$LPH$

Urea$45%$camera$$$$LPH$

Nella prova 5, sono stati riportati i valori di NOx, portata di Urea iniettata all evaporatore, il valore di CO al camino, e il valore di Urea iniettata in camera. I valori sono corretti al 10% di ossigeno. Obiettivo di questa prova stata quella di trovare il valore di NOx minimo utilizzando 400 LPH di urea all evaporatore e 1000 lph di urea in camera come viene normalmente fatto in cementeria. Vengono definiti anche i seguenti valori rilevati per il calcolo delle performance: - Portata gas al camino: 29200 Nm3/h, dry - Ossigeno al camino: 11.9% dry - NOx in ingresso: 1320 mg/Nm3 - Urea iniettata (evaporatore): 400 LPH - Urea iniettata (in camera): 1000 LPH La sovrapposizione degli effetti della normale iniezione in camera (1000 LPH) e di 400 LPH di urea all evaporatore ha consentito di raggiungere (con gli usuali ritardi tipici della iniezione in camera) 50-60 mg/Nm3. Virtualmente tutti gli NOX sono rimossi.

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Enhanced SNCR Test ResultsPage 5 Customer: Cement Plant Proposal: 120515-1 Rev 0 Date: May, 2012

No part of this proposal may be reproduced, copied, disclosed or used by any party without the written permission of EcoSpray Srl. 2011

EFFICIENZA SISTEMA DI INIEZIONE

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0.4# 0.5# 0.6# 0.7# 0.8# 0.9# 1# 1.1# 1.2# 1.3# 1.4#

REAC

TION)EFFICIENCY

)AUF%

)AND)NOX)RE

DUCTION)%)

NSR)(INJECTED)MOLES)(NH2)2)CO)/)MOLES)NO2)BASELINE))

RID#NOX%#

AUF#

Lineare#(RID#NOX%)#

Lineare#(AUF)#

In base ai dati riportati alle prove 1,2,3 sono stati calcolati i punti di efficienza sulla base del N.S.R. Con bassi dosaggi di Urea (NSR=0.8) si ottengono ovviamente livelli di rimozione dei NOx inferiori (circa 50%) ma si ha anche un alta efficienza di utilizzo dell Urea (AUF=65-68%). Con dosaggi di Urea maggiori (NSR= 1.2-1.4) si ottengono elevati rendimenti di rimozione dei NOx (75%) ma una minore efficienza di utilizzo dell Urea iniettata (AUF=50-55% circa). Il sistema attualmente installato con iniezione di Urea liquida in camera in grado di diminuire i NOx sino a 700-800 mg/Nm3 con portata iniettate di 1000 LPH. Il sistema con gassificazione dell Urea si invece dimostrato in grado di ridurre i NOx a livelli simili con un consumo di soli 400 LPH (solo il 40% di quello attuale). Con consumi superiori a 400 LPH si sono ottenuti valori di NOx nel range 350-400 mg/Nm3. Non si sono potuti testare consumi di Urea superiori ai 600 LPH in quanto il calore necessario per tale evaporazione era superiore a quello generabile dal bruciatore installato. Dato che poi il livello di temperatura ottimale a valle della torre evaporativa risultato di 350 oC e dato che questa temperatura non era raggiungibile con 600 LPH, molto probabile l AUF con NSR=1.3-1.4 potr essere migliorato ulteriormente utilizzando temperature di reazione ottimizzate.

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

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Acid Gas Control Solutions

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Low-Cost Acid Gas Solutions

DSI Enhancement

- Evaporative Gas Cooling Tower (EGC) Temperature Control Enhances Acid Gas Removal by Approach to Saturation Enhances HCl, H2SO4 and SO2 Capture

- EGC Combined with Turbulent Fluid Bed Reactor Increases Utilization of Sorbent EGC establishes Optimum Temperature to Optimize Reaction Provides Increased Turbulence Increases Gas Contact Time Eliminates Sorbent Build-up

Solution Element - TFB Reaction Chamber

Solution Element - TFB Reaction Chamber

Upflow reactor close-coupled to an EGC Tower

Sorbent is injected downstream of pre-cooled gases to maximize reaction

Upflow reactor greatly increases turbulence, mixing and residence time

to Dust Collector

Spray Lances

From APH

Spray Lances

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

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Hg Control Solutions

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

Low-Cost Hg Control Solutions

ACI Enhancement

- Installation of EGC Decreases Gas Temperature for enhanced elemental Hg adsorption

Oxidizer Injection

- Installation of Oxidizer System Converts elemental Hg to ionic Hg upstream of dust collector Captured in dust collector as a particulate

Solution Element - Hg Oxidizer System

Oxidizer alone or in conjunction with activator

Can be engineered to provide >50% NOX reduction

Can be used in conjunction with SNCR to provide higher NOX reduction

Injection Location

Solution Element - EGC Spray Tower for Improved ACI Performance

Solution Element - EGC for Hg Control

Cooling gases has been proven to improve ACI performance on elemental Hg to Dust Collector

Spray Lances

From APH

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Low-Cost Solutions

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Multi-Pollutant Control Solutions

Reinhold PCUG 2012 - Baltimore, MD

BoldEco Technology Benefits

Single Reactor Units Can Be Installed in Parallel

MuLtiple Reactor Units Consist of Identical Subsystems in Parallel

Can Be Started-Up and Shut-Down Independently of Plant Processes

Subsystems Can Be Individually Operated or Turned Down to:

- Accommodate Different Operating Modes - Low Load Conditions at the Lowest Possible Operating Cost - Allow for Off-Line Cleaning Mode for Maximum Performance

Designed to Be Phased in with Compliance Deadlines

Solution Element - VersaMAPS Multi-pollutant Control

Address SoX, Hcl, NoX, Hg, Pm10 And Pm2.5

Small Footprint

Designed To Have Single Or Multiple Reactor Arrangement

High Sorbent Utilization