INDEX

Actual Mating Envelope, 11Actual Minimum Material Envelope, 11All Around, 149ALL OVER, 157, 158,363Allowed vs. actual deviations from true position, 82Angularity, 136

axis, 140line elements, 139surface, 136tangent plane, 138

Angular orientation, 510, 511, 513, 521, 524, 528, 533, 534 Angular units, 16 Average dimensions, 119

Basic Dimension, 15, 16, 45, 46Basic or BSC Spelled Out in a Feature Control Frame, 250Bi-directional tolerancing, 378 through 380Bonus tolerance, 78 through 89, 535Boundaries, 50Boundary vs. tolerance zone, 88

Calculating tolerances, 9,Centerplane controls, 135, 264 through 278, 336Chain lines, 322, 292Circularity, 113Coaxiality, comparison of controls, 42, 189, 193, 195, 208, 210 through 214Components of a feature control frame, 26 through 28Composite tolerancing,

position, 381 through 405profile, 168profile of patterns, 176

Composite vs. two single segment controls,position, 398 through 414profile, 173 through 176

Compound datum features, 197, 199, 200, 345 Concentricity, 208 Conicity, 187 through 190 Continuous Feature of Size, 177, 202Converting from plus and minus to geometric tol., 58 through 74, 383 through 390 Coplanarity, 177 through 183 Coplanarity and locating offset surfaces, 184 Cylindricity, 109

Datum feature symbol, 21

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Index

Datum target symbol, 322 Datums, 21

angular orientation, 510, 511, 513, 521, 524, 528, 533, 534centerplanes, 135, 264 through 278, 336compound, 197, 199, 200, 345conical, 239curved datum features, 238degrees of freedom, 223, 227, 243equalizing, 329feature of size requirements, 347features, 20feature shift, 89, 142, 289, 303feature simulators (Physical and Imaginary), 30 through 34feature symbols, 21inclined, 241in-process, 354moveable datum targets, 333multiple datum reference frame degrees of freedom specification, 245oddly configured, 238, 374partial, 322, 426pattern, 240, 339pattern shift, 89, 142, 289, 303precedence effect, 237rockers, 232 through 237secondary/tertiary datum features of size (holes), 514 through 516, 519 through 525selection of, 8, 9, 219shift, 89, 142 through 145, 289, 303targets, 322 through 335temporary, 354translation symbol, 249valid datum plane, 232 through 237when datums may and may not be used, 2

Definitions, 539Degrees of spatial freedom, 223, 227, 243, 245 Differential measurements, 98, 107, 209 Dimension origin symbol, 180 Direct vs. indirect tolerancing, 306 through 310

Envelopes of perfect form, 8, 37 through 42Envelopes of perfect orientation at MMC, 336, 337, 513, 514, 517 through 519, 525

Feature control frames,components, 2, 21 through 28reading, 28, 75, 133, 284, 286

Feature of Size (Regular), 8 Feature of Size (Irregular), 8, 258 through 261

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Index

Fixed and floating fastener assembly formulas, 9, 283, 298, 531 Fixed fastener assembly tolerance formulas, 9, 283, 531 Fixed fastener assembly conditions, 265 through 278, 280 through 293 Fixtures, 32, 33, 352, 359 through 362 (also see Gages in Chapter 22)

Flatness, 95rate basis, 97derived median plane, 12, 98

Flexible parts, 322, 352 Floating fastener assembly conditions, 298 Floating fastener assembly tolerance formula, 9, 298 Food chains of Symbology, 6, 7 Form, 93 Formulas, 9Free state variation, 353, 355 through 359 Functional gages, 76, 423 through 435

Gages, 423 through 435functional, 31, 426 through 435GO, 40, 423 through 425NOGO, 426tolerancing, 423 through 435

Gears, 530 through 536 General Rules, 15Geometric characteristic symbols, 2Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing as a language, 508 through 525, 530 through 536 GO gages, 22-2

Independency Symbol and Principle, 38 Irregular Feature of Size, 8, 258 through 261 Inspection Planning, 436 through 441

Least Material Condition, 8, 48, Least Material Boundary, 10, Least Squares Center, 125, 126 Limit dimensioning, 16, 18, 19

Maximum Material Boundary, 10 Material conditions, 45

least, 8, 48maximum, 8, 49regardless of feature size, 8, 45when they can and can’t be used, 2

Material Boundaries, 10 Mating Envelope, 124, 125, 135

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Index

Maximum material condition, 8Minimum wall thickness calculations, 301, 391 through 395, 493 through 501

Orientation, 120Orientation of centerplanes, 135

Parallelism, 122 through 128Pattern datums, 240, 259, 260, 339Pattern shift, 89, 142 through 145, 289, 290, 303Perpendicularity,

axis, 132, 133centerplane, 135surface, 129, 130, 131, 134

Planar Datum Features Referenced at MMB, 253, 255, 256 Position,

bi-directional, 378 through 380boundaries, 367 through 377coaxiality, 42, 189, 193, 195, 208, 210 through 214composite, 386 through 414composite positional tolerancing vs. two single segments, 398 through 414odd configurations, 373 through 375

symmetry, 215, 216 Principle of Independency, 38 Profile of a line, 160 through 162 Profile of a surface, 147 through 159, 163 through 172, Profile of a surface for mating features, 163 through 167 Profile of a surface-Composite Tolerancing, 168 through 172 Profile of a Surface- Composite vs. Two Single Segments, 173 through 176 Projected tolerance zones, 274, 286 through 289

Radii, 17Reading a feature control frame, 28Regardless of Feature Size Rule, 10Regardless of Material Boundary, 10Repetitive Patterns, 263Restrained state, 355 through 358Resultant Condition, 9Root Sum Square formula, 17, 451 through 457, 475, 477Roundness, 113Rules, 8, 15Rule #1,37Rule #1 exceptions, 38Runout,

circular, 192total, 195

Runout vs. perpendicularity, 203 through 206

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Index

Separate requirements, 499, 500, 519, 523Sheet metal, 327, 328, 353, 356 through 365Simultaneous requirements, 28, 523, 538Size, 8, 37, 38Spherical diameters, 118, 335, 337Splines, 536Spotface Symbol, 5Statistical formulas, Symbology and terminology, 451 through 480Statistical tolerancing, 451 through 465Straightness,

derived median line, 104 through 108surface, 100

Surface vs. axis verification, 88 Symbols, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6Symbols-how they relate to each other, summary of their meaning, 6, 7, 42, 210 through 214 Symmetry, 215, 216

Table,actual deviations from true position, 84, 85

Tangent plane, 126, 138 Taylor principle, 8 Temperature, 18 Temporary datum features, 354 Threaded features, 274, 286 through 289, 536 Tolerances, 13Tolerance sequence application, 26, 27, 28, 60 through 74, 265 through 278, 280 through 291 Tolerance Stack-Up Analysis, 443 through 450, 482 through 492 Tolerance Zone vs. Boundary verification, 88 Translation Symbol, 248, 249 Types of controls, 13 Two single segment position, 398 through 414

Valid datum plane establishment, 232 through 236 Verification of position tolerances, 78 through 89 Virtual conditions, 9, 31, 45 through 57

Wall thickness calculations, 301, 391 through 395, 493 through 501Why use GD&T, 381Writing an Inspection Plan, 436 through 441

Zero tolerancing at MMC, 535

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Bibliography

ASME Y14.5-2009 Dimensioning and Tolerancing, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, New York.

ASME Y14.5M-1994 Dimensioning and Tolerancing, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, New York.

ASME Y14.5.1M-1994 Mathematical Definition of Dimensioning and Tolerancing Principles, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, New York.

ASME Y14.43-2003 Dimensioning and Tolerancing Principles for Gages and Fixtures, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, New York.

ASME Y14.41-2003 Digital Product Definition Data Practices, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, New York.

German Democratic Standard TGL39-097 (1986). Methods of Measuring Deviations from Cylindricity, Germany.

ISO 1101:2004(E) Geometrical Tolerancing-Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out. International Organization of Standards.

ASME Y14.8-1996 Castings and Forgings. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, New York.

Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, Applications and Techniques for Use in Design, Manufacturing, and Inspection by James D, Meadows published in 1995 by Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, New York.

Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing Workbook/Answerbook by James D. Meadows published in 1997 by Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, New York.

Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing in 2007 by James D. Meadows published in 2007 by James D. Meadows & Associates, Inc., Hendersonville, TN.

Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing in 2007 Workbook and Answerbook by James D. Meadows published in 2007 by James D. Meadows & Associates, Inc., Hendersonville, TN.

Tolerance Stack-Up Analysis for Plus and Minus Tolerancing and Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing by James D. Meadows published in 2001 by James D. Meadows & Associates, Inc.

Measurement of Geometric Tolerances in Manufacturing by James D. Meadows published in 1998 by Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, New York.

Differences and Similarities between ASME and ISO Dimensioning and Tolerancing Standards by James D. Meadows published in 2006 by James D. Meadows & Associates, Inc.

DataMyte Handbook a practical guide to computerized data collection for Statistical Process Control by DataMyte Business Allen-Bradley Company, Inc.

Statistical Tolerancing, A Solution to Procurement Problems-US Army Tank Command.

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Other GD&T Course Materials Writtenby James D. Meadows

Topics covered:

•GD&T

•Tolerance Stack-Up Analysis

•DVD GD&T Training Series

•Measurement

•ASME vs. ISO

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575575

Other GD&T Course Materials

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