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A friendly guide to farming

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KRISHI MITRAKRISHI MITRAKRISHI MITRA

It is proud moment for all of usMy sincere thanks to all members of the Indogulf family.

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Late Sh. Shri Krishan Dass Aggarwal laid down foundation of the organization in 1972 with determination and commitment to fulfil the requirements of the farmer by providing them the world class product at affordable price.

The Legend

Late Sh. Shri Krishan Dass AggarwalFounder

Shri Om Prakash AggarwalGroup ChairmanINDOGULF CROPSCIENCES LTD.

Indogulf Cropsciences Ltd. (formerly known as Jai Shree Rasayan Udyog Ltd.) was established by Shri Om Prakash Aggarwal, having vision of modern agriculture technology for higher production of good grain, vegetable and fruits along with minimum agronomic losses.

Chairman Message

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Dear Readers,

I have immense pleasure in presenting to you the 4th edition of Krishi Mitra. We have updated all the information given in the last edition and also included many relevant topics.

Indian Agriculture is on the verge of transformation and we understand our responsibility to help the farmers adopt the best agricultural practices in order to keep up with the rapid changes in Agricultural knowhow. Krishi Mitra is one such toll to help farmers get the information in an Easy to understand format.

This guide will also immensely help our channel partners in recommending the right solutions to the farmers. Our best quality products will help farmers in implementing these solution to their best advantage

Thanks and RegardsSanjay AggarwalManaging Director, Indogulf Cropsciences Ltd.

From the Desk of Group Managing Director

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Approved by

ECOCERTINPUTS

IARI�1905

Accredited Lab

Research & Development Lab

Our Registration

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Research & Development Our team is continuously working with over 25 highly qualified and experienced research scientists focusing on Bio-efficacy and Toxicology studies, Chemistry for development of new formulation, formulation types, packaging methods and manufacturing methods. Our R&D wing interacts closely with the Central Agricultural Research and teaching Institutes like ICAR, IARI, CRRI, CPRI, TRAI, IPFT etc. as well as State Agricultural Universities like HAU, PAU & International bodies like Lentiz Educational Group, Holland etc and work in close coordination with them for the generation of scientific data, evolution of new molecules and organizing scientific

New state of art the Product & Process R & D center in Nathupur, Haryana is well equipped with advanced instruments, our technical team have updated knowledge of FAO, BIS, EPA etc.

Having own Research & Development fields for bio-efficacy & products testing in Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pardesh, Madya Pradesh, Karnataka & Tamilnadu for doing trials of new/developed molecules on various crops in different climatic zones & soil structures.

R&D center and QC Lab is NABL accredited and in process for DSIR & GLP accreditation.

Successfully registered more than 410 formulations for Domestic , 30 Technical Indigenous mfg., 75 for exports and many more in the pipeline.

Focus Area for R & D: Ÿ Technology tie-ups for manufacturing of Technical in India.

Ÿ Cooperation for Intermediates and other Raw materials

Ÿ Research & Development tie-up in India.

Ÿ New molecules with least / No residue.

Ÿ Eco friendly products with higher efficacy as per Indian & Global environment.

Our Certifications

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COSTA RICA

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MALDIVES

Indogulf Cropsciences has opened a branchat Orlando USA

We are a Star Export House

We are

Leading Exporters

of Agrochemicals

Across The Globe

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KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Pesticides and Their UsesType ActionAlgicides Control algae in lakes, canals, swimming pools, water tanks, and other sites

Antifouling agents Kill or repel organisms that attach to underwater surfaces, such as boat bottoms

Antimicrobials Kill microorganisms (such as bacteria and viruses)

Attractants Attract pests (for example, to lure an insect or rodent to a trap). (However, food is not considered a pesticide when used as an attractant.)

Biopesticides Biopesticides are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals

Biocides Kill microorganisms

Disinfectants Kill or inactivate disease-producing microorganisms on inanimate objectsand sanitisers

Fungicides Kill fungi (including blights, mildews, molds, and rusts)

Fumigants Produce gas or vapour intended to destroy pests in buildings or soil

Herbicides Kill weeds and other plants that grow where they are not wanted

Insecticides Kill insects and other arthropods

Miticides Kill mites that feed on plants and animals

Microbial pesticides Microorganisms that kill, inhibit, or out compete pests, including insects or other microorganisms

Molluscicides Kill snails and slugs

Nematicides Kill nematodes (microscopic, worm-like organisms that feed on plant roots)

Ovicides Kill eggs of insects and mites

Pheromones Biochemicals used to disrupt the mating behaviour of insects

Repellents Repel pests, including insects (such as mosquitoes) and birds

Rodenticides Control mice and other rodents

Further types of PesticidesThe term pesticide also include these substances:

Defoliants : Cause leaves or other foliage to drop from a plant, usually to facilitate harvest.

Desiccants : Promote drying of living tissues, such as unwanted plant tops.

Insect growth regulators : Disrupt the molting, maturity from pupal stage to adult, or other life processes of insects.

Plant growth regulators : Substances (excluding fertilizers or other plant nutrients) that alter the expected growth, flowering, or reproduction rate of plants.

Categorization of PesticidesA. ON THE BASIS OF TARGET SPECIES

I. MICRO-ORGANISM

II. INSECTS

III. RODENTS

IV. NEMATODES

V. BIRDS

VI. PLANTS

Fungi Algae Bacteria

FungicidesAlgicideBactericide

Mites & Ticks Other s

Accaricides or MiticidesInsecticide

Rats Rodenticide

Nematicides

Avicides

Weedicides or HerbicidesHerbs

Nematods

Birds

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INDOGULF CROPSCIENCES LTD.

B. ON THE BASIS OF CHEMICAL NATURE

I. INORGANIC

II. ORGANIC

Insecticides Fungicides Rodenticides

Insecticides Organochlorides / phosphates Carbamates Synthetic PyrethroidsNeonictionoidesPyrazoleAvermactins

Herbicides Nitrophenols-uracils Chlorphenaxy Triazines Dipridyls- Thicarbamates Urea Derivative-Other Organics.AcetanilidsBenzoics

Fungicides Organatis-Organophosphrous Organomercuials Dithio carbamates

I. Stomach Poison II. Contact Poison III Systemic Poison IV Fumigants V. Herbicides (A) Selective (B) Non-selective

C. ON THE BASIS OF SITE OF ACTION

Herbicides

A. For spraying after mixing with water/oil.(i) Emulsfiable concentrate (EC).(ii) Wettable Powders (WDP or WP).(iii) Ultra low volume (ULV).(iv) Water soluble liquid concentrate (WSC or SL.)(v) Suspension concentrate (SC)B. For Dry Applications directly from the Containers(I) Dusts (D or DP)(II) Granules (G or GR)(III) Encapsulated granules (CG)(IV) Water dispersible granule (WDG)(V) Wettable granule (WG)(VI) Soluble granule (SG)C. For Applications as a gas or vapour(I) Fumigants(II) Smoke generators or tablets which vapourise.(III) Aerosols and pressurised spray.D. Other Formulations(I) Seed Protectants (dry or liquid) (SD)(II) Baits for rodents, flys, slugs, cockroaches etc.(III) Flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS)

D. ON THE BASIS OF PESTICIDES FORMULATIONSLOSSES CAUSED BY DIFFERENT PESTS

Insects26% Weeds

33%

Rodents &others15%

Diseases26%

Crop losses : US $ 19 BillionthDepartment of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Govt. of India (37 Report)

Code Term AB Grain baitAE Aerosol dispencerAL Any other liquidAP Any other powderBB Block baitBR BriquetteCB Bait concentrateCF Capsule suspension for seed treatmentCG Encapsulated granuleCL Contact liquid or gelCP Contact powder CS Capsule suspension DC Dispersible concentrate DL Driftless formulation #DP Dustable PowderDS Powder for dry seed treatmentDT Tablet for direct applicationEC Emulsifiable concentrateED Electrochargeable liquidEG Emulsifiable granuleEO Emulsion, water in oilEP Emulsifiable powderES Emulsion for seed treatmentEW Emulsion, oil in waterFD Smoke tin

Some Important AbbreviationsCode Term FG Fine granuleFK Smoke candleFP Smoke cartridgeFR Smoke rodletFS Flowable concentrate for seed treatmentFT Smoke tabletFU Smoke generatorFW Smoke pelletGA GasGB Granular baitGE Gas penetrating productGF Gel for seed treatmentGG MacrogranuleGL Emulsifiable gelGP Flo-dustGR GranuleGS GreaseGW Water soluble gelHN Hot fogging concentrateKK Combi-pack solid/liquidKL Combi-pack liquid/liquidKN Cold fogging concentrateKP Combi-pack solid/solidLA LacquerLS Solution for seed treatment

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

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Land area - Forest land area - 328.73 Millions hectare 65.90 Millions hectare 306 Millions hectare 100.45 Millions hectareUse ful land are - Cultivated area -

80.50 Millions hectare One Million equal to 10 lacs.Irrigated area - Note :-

Population (India) - 1210 Millions (2011-2012) (PPD AGRI. REPORT)

India - America (USA) - China - Germany - Japan - 0.38 1.5 2.25 3.0 10.8Hungry - Italy - South Koria - 12.6 13.4 16.6 17.0 Taiwan -

Consumption of Pesticides (Kg/Hectare) 2011-2012 (PPD AGRI. REPORT)

Botanical Classi�cation of Crops Crop Name Botanical Name Chromo- Center of Origin some no.

Cereals

Rice Oryza sativa (Gramineae) 24 Indo Burma

Wheat Triticum aestivum (Gramineae) 42 South west Asia

Maize Zea mays (Gramineae) 20 MaxicoJowar Sorghum bicolor (Gramineae) 20 Ethiopia and Sudan

Bajra Pennisetum typhoides (Gramineae) 14 Africa

Barley Hordeum vulgar (Gramineae) 14 Ethiopia

Madua Eleucine coracana good for diabetes patient (Gramineae) 36 Proso millet Panicum miliaceum (Gramineae) 18

Sswan Echinochloa frumentacea (Gramineae) 16 India

Kodo Paspalum scrobiculatum (Gramineae) 20-60 India

Kakun Setaria italic (Gramineae) 18 India

Pulses

Gram, chickpea Cicer arietinum (Leguminosae) 16 South West Asia Lentil Lens esculenta (Leguminosae) 14 Middle East

Pea Pisum spp. (Leguminosae) 14 Mediterranean center

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Code TermMC Mosquito coilME Micro-emulsionMG MicrogranuleMV Vaporizing matsOD Oil dispersionOF Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension)OL Oil miscible liquidOP Oil dispersible powderPA PastePB Plate baitPC Gel or paste concetratePO Pour-onPR Plan rodletPS Seed coated with a pesticideRB Bait (ready for use)SA Spot-onSB Scrap baitSC Suspension concentrate (=flowable concentrate)SD Suspension concentrate for direct applicationSE Suspo-emulsion

Code TermSG Water soluble granuleSL Soluble concetrateSO Spreading oilSP Water soluble powderSS Water soluble powder for seed treatmentST Water soluble tabletSU Ultra-low volume (ULV) suspensionTB TabletTC Technical materialTK Technical concentrateTP Tracking powder*UL Ultra-low volume (ULV) liquidVP Vapour releasing productWG Water dispersible granuleWP Wettable powderWS Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatmentWT Water dispersible tabletXX OthersZC A mixed formulation of CS and SCZE A mixed formulation of CS and SCZW A mixed formulation of CS and EW

Cowpea, Lobia Vigna sinensis. (Leguminosae) 22 Central africa

Arhar, Redgram, Cajanus cajan. (Leguminosae) 22 Africa

Pigeonpea 22 Central Asia

Green Gram, Moong Vigna radiata (Leguminosae) 22 Central Asia

Soyabean Glycine max . (Leguminosae) 22 Central Asia

Black gram, urd Vigna mungo (Leguminosae) 40

Oilseed Groundnut Arachis hypogea (Fabaceae ) 20 South American Center

Sesamum til Sesamum indicum (Pedaliaceae) 16 South west Asia

Castor Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) 20 Ethiopia

Rapeseed,Mustard Brassica spp. (Crucifereae) 18-20 Afganistan , Pakistan , India

Linseed Flax Linum usitatissimum (Lenaceae) 16 Mediterranean center

Safflower Helianthus annus (Compositae) 24

San�ower Carthamus tinctorus (Compositae) 34 Maxico

Sugar CropsSugarcane Saccharum offcinarum (Gramineae) 80-120 North Eastern India

Sugar beet Beta vulgaris (Chenopodiaceae) 18

Fibre Crops

Cotton Gossypium spp. (Malvaceae) 52 India

Corchorus capsularis (White Jute) 14 Jute Corchorus olitorius (Tossa) Tiliaceae 16 Central asiatic center

Sunnhemp / HempIndian Crotolaria juncea (Leguminosae) 42 India

Mesta Hibiscus spp Sabdariffa, Cannabinus Iberia, Europe

Forage Crops

Oat Avena sativa (Gramineae) 42 West AfricaElephant grass Peenisetum purpureum (Gramineae) 27-56 UgandaBerseem Trifolium alexandriunum (Leguminosae) 16 Syria/Egypt

Lucerne / Alfalfa Medicago sativa (Leguminosae) 16 South Central Asia

Guar Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (Leguminosae) 14 Africa / India

Root and Tuber Crops

Potato Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae) 48 PeruSweet Potato Ipomea batatas (Convolvulaceae) 90 Central American Center

Cassava, Tapioca Manihot esculenta (Euphorbiaceae) 36 Brazil

Yams Dioscorea spp. (Dioscoreaceae) 20-90 Africa / Asia

Cocoyam Taro : Colocasia esculenta 22

Tannia : xanthosoma sagittifolia (Araceae)

Zimikand Amorphophallus campanulatus (Araceae) 24-60 Africa / Asia

Chinese Potato (Koorka) Planthracus Rofundifolius (Convolvulaceae) 48 Africa

Arrow Root , Koova Ararut Marantha arundinaceae (Zingiberaceae)

Kharif Crops Paddy, Maize, Jawar, Bajra, Till, Guar, Groundnut, Cotton , Soyabean, Moong, Urd, Sunnhemp,Sunflower, Tomato, Cucurbits,

Rabi Crops Wheat, Barley, Gram, Mustard, Tobacco, Sugarcane, Berseem, Linseed, Cowpea, Potato, Oat.

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KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Crops Protein Content % Oil Content %Rice 6-7% Wheat 11-12% Maize 10% Sorghum 10-12% Millet 11-12% Barley 11.50% Gram 21.10% Pea 22.50% Moong 25% Lentil 25% Pigeon Pea 21-25% Urd 24% Cowpea 23.40% Soybean 42% 20%Groundnut 26% 46-51%Sesame 18-20% 50%Linseed 36% 50-55%Safflower (Oil cakes) 30% 40-50%Brassica spp. 35-40% 40-45%

Taxonomic Classi�cation of Crops (1) Poaceae (Graminae)-cereals, Sugarcane, Napier, Para grass, Bamboo , Vetivar .

(2) Papilionaceae (Leguminosae) -Pulses, Legumes, Groundnut, Sunnhemp.

(3) Cruciferae- Mustard, Radish, Cabbage, Cauli�ower, Knolkhol.

(4) Cucurbitaceae- Bottle gourd, Bitter gourd , Cucumber, Pumpkin, Squashes.

(5) Malvaceae –Cotton, Bhindi, Rose.

(6) Solanaceae- Brinjal, Potato, Tomato, Tobacco, Chillies, Petunia.

(7) Tiliaceae- Jute, Phalsa.

(8) Asteraceae (Compositae) - Sun�ower, Safflower, Niger.

(9) Chenopodiaceae - Spinach, beet, Sugarbeet.

(10) Pedaliaceae -Sesame (Sesamum)

(11) Euphorbiaceae - Castor, Tapioca, Cassava, Jatropha.

(12) Convolvulaceae - Sweet Potato.

(13) Umbelliferae - Coriarder, Cumin, Carrot.

(14) Aliaceae - Onion, Garlic.

(15) Zingiberaceae - Ginger, Turmeric.

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Classi�cation of Crop PlantsImportance of classifying the Crop Plants:1. To get acquainted with crops.2. To understand the requirement of soil & water for different crops.3. To know adaptability of crops.4. To know the growing habit of crops.5. To understand climatic requirement of different crops.6. To know the economic produce of the crop plant & its use.7. To know the growing season of the crop8. Overall to know the actual condition required to the cultivation of plant.

Classi�cation Based on Climate: 1. Crops grow well in warm & hot climate. e.g. Rice, sugarcane, Jowar etcTropical:

2. Crops grow well in cool climate. e.g. Wheat, Oats, Gram, Potato etc.Temperate:

Classi�cation Based on Growing Season:1. Kharif/Rainy/Monsoon crops: The crops grown in monsoon months from June to Oct-Nov, Require warm, wet weather at major

period of crop growth, also required short day length for �owering. e.g. Cotton, Rice, Jowar, Bajra.2. Rabi/winter/cold seasons crops: require winter season to grow well from Oct to March month. Crops grow well in cold and dry

weather. Require longer day length for �owering. e.g. Wheat, gram, sun�ower etc.3. Summer/Zaid crops: crops grown in summer month from March to June. Require warm day weather for major growth period

and longer length for �owering. e.g. Groundnuts, Watermelon, Pumpkins, Gourds.

Use/Agronomic Classi�cation:1. May be cereals as millets cereals are the cultivated grasses grown for their edible starchy grains. The larger grain Grain Crops:

used as staple food is cereals. e.g. rice, Jowar, wheat, maize, barley, and millets are the small grained cereals which are of minor importance as food. e.g. Bajra.

2. Seeds of leguminous crops plant used as food. On splitting they produced dal which is rich in protein. Pulse/Legume Crops: e.g. Green Gram, Black Gram, Soybean, Pea, Cowpea etc.

3. Crop seeds are rich in fatty acids, are used to extract vegetable oil to meet various requirements. e.g. Oil Seeds Crops: Groundnut, Mustard, Sun�ower, Sesamum, Linseed etc.

4. It refers to vegetative matter fresh as preserved utilized as food for animals. Crop cultivated & used for hay, Forage Crop: silage. Ex- Sorghum, Elephant Grass, Guinea Grass, Berseem & Other Pulse Bajra etc.

5. Crown for �ber yield. Fiber may be obtained from seed. e.g. Cotton, Jute, Mesta, Sun Hemp, Flax.Fiber Crops:

6. Roots are the economic produce in root crop. e.g. Sweet Potato, Sugar Beet, Carrot, Turnip etc.Roots Crops:

7. Crop whose edible portion is not a root but a short thickened underground stem. e.g. Potato, Elephant, Yam.Tuber Crop:

8. The two important crops are sugarcane and sugar beet cultivated for production for sugar.Sugar Crops:

9. Grown for the production of starch. e.g. Tapioca, Potato, Sweet Potato.Starch Crops:

10. Used for preparation for medicines. e.g. Tobacco, Mint, Pyrethrum.Drug Crop:

11. Crop plants as their products are used to �avor taste and sometime color the fresh Spices & Condiments/Spices Crops: preserved food. e.g. Ginger, Garlic, Chili, Cumin Onion, Coriander, Cardamom, Pepper, Turmeric etc.

12. May be leafy as fruity vegetables. e.g. Palak, Mentha, Brinjal, Tomato.Vegetables Crops:

13. Grown and incorporated into soil to increase fertility of soil. e.g. Sun Hemp.Green Manure Crop:

14. Medicinal plants includes cinchona, isabgol, opium poppy, senna, belladonna, rauwolfa, and Medicinal & Aromatic Crops: aromatic plants such as lemon Grass, Citronella Grass, Palmorsa, Japanese Mint, Peppermint, Rose Geranicem, Jasmine, Henna etc.

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KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Classi�cation of Crop PlantsImportance of classifying the Crop Plants:

1. To get acquainted with crops.2. To understand the requirement of soil & water different crops.3. To know adaptability of crops.4. To know the growing habit of crops.5. To understand climatic requirement of different crops.6. To know the economic produce of the crop plant & its use.7. To know the growing season of the crop8. Overall to know the actual condition required to the cultivation of plant.

Classi�cation Based on Climate:1. Crops grow well in warm & hot climate. e.g. Rice, sugarcane, Jowar etcTropical:

2. Crops grow well in cool climate. e.g. Wheat, Oats, Gram, Potato etc.Temperate:

Classi�cation Based on Growing Season:1. Kharif/Rainy/Monsoon crops: The crops grown in monsoon months from June to Oct-Nov, Require warm, wet weather at

major period of crop growth, also required short day length for �owering. e.g. Cotton, Rice, Jowar, Bajra.2. Rabi/winter/cold seasons crops: require winter season to grow well from Oct to March month. Crops grow well in cold and dry weather. Require longer day length for �owering. e.g. Wheat, gram, sun�ower etc.3. Summer/Zaid crops: crops grown in summer month from March to June. Require warm day weather for major growth period and longer length for �owering. e.g. Groundnuts, Watermelon, Pumpkins, Gourds.

Use/Agronomic Classi�cation:1. May be cereals as millets cereals are the cultivated grasses grown for their edible starchy grains. The larger grain Grain Crops:

used as staple food is cereals. e.g. rice, Jowar, wheat, maize, barley, and millets are the small grained cereals which are of minor importance as food. e.g. Bajra.

2. Seeds of leguminous crops plant used as food. On splitting they produced dal which is rich in protein. Pulse/Legume Crops: e.g. Green Gram, Black Gram, Soybean, Pea, Cowpea etc.

3. Crop seeds are rich in fatty acids, are used to extract vegetable oil to meet various requirements. e.g. Oil Seeds Crops: Groundnut, Mustard, Sun�ower, Sesamum, Linseed etc.

4. It refers to vegetative matter fresh as preserved utilized as food for animals. Crop cultivated & used for hay, Forage Crop: silage. Ex- Sorghum, Elephant Grass, Guinea Grass, Berseem & Other Pulse Bajra etc.

5. Crown for �ber yield. Fiber may be obtained from seed. e.g. Cotton, Jute, Mesta, Sun Hemp, Flax.Fiber Crops:

6. Roots are the economic produce in root crop. e.g. Sweet Potato, Sugar Beet, Carrot, Turnip etc.Roots Crops:

7. Crop whose edible portion is not a root but a short thickened underground stem. e.g. Potato, Elephant, Yam.Tuber Crop:

8. The two important crops are sugarcane and sugar beet cultivated for production for sugar.Sugar Crops:

9. Grown for the production of starch. e.g. Tapioca, Potato, Sweet Potato.Starch Crops:

10. Used for preparation for medicines. e.g. Tobacco, Mint, Pyrethrum.Drug Crop:

11. Crop plants as their products are used to �avor taste and sometime color the fresh Spices & Condiments/Spices Crops: preserved food. e.g. Ginger, Garlic, Chili, Cumin Onion, Coriander, Cardamom, Pepper, Turmeric etc.

12. May be leafy as fruity vegetables. e.g. Palak, Mentha, Brinjal, Tomato.Vegetables Crops:

13. Grown and incorporated into soil to increase fertility of soil. e.g. Sun Hemp.Green Manure Crop:

14. Medicinal plants includes cinchona, isabgol, opium poppy, senna, belladonna, rauwolfa, and Medicinal & Aromatic Crops: aromatic plants such as lemon Grass, Citronella Grass, Palmorsa, Japanese Mint, Peppermint, Rose Geranicem, Jasmine, Henna etc.

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FIELD CROPS

1. Wheat

2. Paddy

3. Maize

4. Barley

5. Sorghum

6. Black gram

7. Green gram/Moth bean

8. Pigeon pea/Red gram

9. Potato

10. Gram

11. Cowpea

12. Sugarcane

13. Lentil

VEGETABLE CROPS

1. Cabbage

2. Cauliflower

3. Knol Khol

4. Onion

5. Garlic

6. Brinjal

7. Tomato

8. Peas

9. Beans

10. Musk melon

11. Water melon

12. Bottle gourd

13. Bitter gourd

14. Round gourd

15. Pointed gourd

16. Okra / Bhindi

17. Ridge gourd

18. Spinach

19. Carrot

20. Radish

21. Chilly

22. Turnip

23. Jimikand

24. Yams

HORTICULTURE CROPS

1. Banana

2. Grape

3. Lemon

4. Orange

5. Sweet Orange

6. Guava

7. Papaya

8. Pineapple

9. Pomegranates

10. Cashew

11. Pear

12. Amla

13. Apple

14. Persimmon

16. Plum

17. Jackfruit

18. Litchi

19. Phalsa

20. Custard apple

21. Fig

22. Peach

23. Mango

FIBBER CROPS

1. Jute

2. Sisal

5. Flax

7. Cotton

8. Tobacco

OIL SEED CROPS

1. Groundnut

2. Castor

3. Sunflower

4. Linseed

5. Rape seed / Mustard (Raya, Laha, Sarson, Toria, Taramera)

6. Black Sesame

7. Soybean

PLANTATION CROPS

1. Tea

2. Rubber

3. Coffee

4. Coconut

AROMATIC / MEDICINAL PLANTS

1. Palmarosa oil grass.

2. Lemon grass.

3. Citronella grass

4. Japanese mint

5. Peppermints

6. Spearmint

7. Lemon mint

8. Rose germanium

9. Patchouli

10. Jasmine

11. Davana

12. Henna / Mehndi

13. Linaloe

14. Lemon gum

15. Isabgol

16. Opium poppy

17. Senna

18. Belladona

19. Rauwolfia

20. Ipecac

21. Foxgiove

22. Dill or Sowa

23. Liquorice / Mulhati

General Classification of Crops

15

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Stored Grain PestsIn India, post-harvest losses caused by unscienti�c storage, insects, rodents, microorganisms etc., account for about 10 per cent of total food grains. The major economic loss caused by grain infesting insects is not always the actual material they consume, but also the amount contaminated by them and their excreta which make food un�t for human consumption. About 500 species of insects have been associated with stored grain products. Nearly 100 species of insect pests of stored products cause economic losses.

Storage insect pests are categorized into two types viz.

• Primary storage pests: Internal and External feeders

• Secondary storage pests cts that damages sound grains are primary storage pests

Common name Pest Family Order

Internal Feeders

Rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae, S. zeamais, S. granarius Curculionidae Coleoptera

Lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica Bostrychidae Coleoptera

Angoumois grain moth Sitotroga cerealella Gelechiidae Lepidoptera

Pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis, C. maculatus Bruchidae Coleoptera

Cigarette beetle Lasioderma sericorne Anobiidae Coleoptera

Drug store beetle Stegobium paniceum Anobiidae Coleoptera

Tamarind Beetle Pachymeres gonagra Bruchidae Coleoptera

Sweet Potato weevil Cylas formicarius Apionidae Coleoptera

Potato tuber moth Phthorimoea operculella Gelechiidae Lepidoptera

Arecanut beetle Araecerus fasciculatus Anthribidae Coleoptera

External Feeders

Red �our beetle Tribolium castaneum, Tribolium confusum Tenebrionidae Coleoptera

Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella Phycitidae Lepidoptera

Fig moth or almond moth Ephestia cautella Phycitidae Lepidoptera

Rice moth Corcyra cephalonica Galleriidae Lepidoptera

Khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium Dermestidae Coleoptera

Secondary storage pest: Insects that damage broken or already damaged grains secondary storage pests.

Common name Pest Family Order

Saw toothed grain beetle Oryzaephillis surinamensis Silvanidae: Coleoptera

Long headed �our beetle Latheticus oryzae Tenebrionidae Coleoptera

Flat grain beetle Cryptolestus minutas Cucujidae Coleoptera

Grain lice Liposcelis divinitorius Liposcelidae Psocoptera

Grain mite Acarus siro Acari

Management of Storage PestsThe effective management of storage pests may be ensured by drying the grains properly before storage, storing new grains in the clean godowns or receptacles and plugging all cracks, crevices and holes in the godowns thoroughly. If infestation of grain has already taken place, then application of chemicals becomes necessary.

1. Surface Treatment: Disinfect old gunny bags by dipping them in 0.0125 per cent Fenvalerate 20EC or Stark 25EC (Cypermethrin 25EC) for 10 minutes

and drying them in shade before �lling with grains or use new gunny bags. Disinfect empty godowns or receptacles by spraying 0.05 per cent malathion emulsion on the �oor, walls and ceiling.

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2. Seed Treatment: Mixing of Jaithion (Malathion) 5 per cent at the rate of 250 g per quintal of seed is recommended. The grains may also be treated

with/25 ml of Jaithion (Malathion) 50 EC or 2 ml of Fenvalerate 20EC or 1.5 ml of Stark 25 EC (Cypermethrin 25EC) or 14 ml of Deltamethrin 2.8EC per quintal of seed by diluting in 500 ml of water. Against pulse beetle (dhora), cover the pulses stored in bulk with 7 cm layer of sand or sawdust or dung ash.

3. Fumigation: Metallic drums or wooden boxes can be used for fumigating small quantities of grain. In India, ethylene dichloride and carbon

tetrachloride mixture has been recommended for fumigation of food grains in storage at farm level, and hydrogen phosphide in the form of aluminium phosphide or methyl bromide for protection in warehouses, godowns and silos. Mixture of ethylene dichloride and carbon tetrachloride at the rate of 1 litre for 20 quintals of grain or 35 litres per 100 m3 of space with exposure period of 4 days is recommended. Methyl bromide is used at the rate of 3.5 kg per 100 m3 of space with 10-12 hours exposure. The fumigant, hydrogen phosphide (aluminium phosphide), is available in tablet form and can be used at the rate of one tablet (3 g) per metric tonne or 25 tablets per 100 m3 of space with an exposure period of 7 days.

Use of Improved Storage ReceptaclesThe grains can be best protected by using improved insect-proof receptacles of various types. (a) Indoor Bins Domestic metal bins, Gharelu theka, Pucca kothi, Welded wire-mesh bin, Reinforced cement ring bins, Paddy straw-mud

structure.(b) Outdoor Bins Flat and hopper bottom-metal bins, Composite bins, Partly underground and above ground structures, Seed storage bins,

Ferro-cement bins, Pusa bin, Improved godowns, Bulk storage installations and Vacuum process storage.

Integrated Management of Stored Produce Pests The control methods of stored produce pests can be categorized into preventive and curative measures.

Preventive Measures • Brush the cracks, crevices and corners to remove all debris in the godown.

• Clean and maintain the threshing �oor/yard free from insect infection and away from the vicinity of villages. • Clean the machines like harvester and thresher before their use. • Made the trucks, trolleys or bullock carts free from infestation.

• Clean the godowns/ storage structures before storing the newly harvested crop to eliminate various bio stages of pest hiding.

• Provide a metal sheet upto a height of 25 cm at the bottom of the wood in doors to arrest the entry of rats. • Fix up wire meshes to windows, ventilators, gutters, drains etc., to prevent entry of rats, birds and squirrels.

• Remove and destroy dirt, rubbish, sweepings and webbings etc from the stores.

• Close all the rat burrows found in godown with a mixture of broken glass pieces and mud plastered with mud/ cement.

• Plaster the cracks, crevices, holes found on walls, and �oors with mud or cement and white wash the stores before storing of grains.

• Provide dunnage leaving gangway or alleyway of 0.75 to 1 m all around to maintain good storage condition.

• Store the food grains in rat and moisture proof storage structures.

• Disinfest the storage structures receptacles by spraying malathion 50 EC @ 3 lit 100 m before their use. Curative measures

i) Ecological methods • Manipulate the ecological factors like temperature, moisture content and oxygen through design and construction of storage

structures/ godown and storage to create ecological conditions unfavourable for attack by insects.

• Temperature above 420 C and below 150 C retards reproduction and development of insect while prolonged temperature above 450 C and below 100 C may kill the insects.

• Dry the produce to have moisture content below 10% to prevent the buildup of pests.

• Kill the pests bio stages harbored in the storage bags, bins etc., by drying in the sun light.

• Store the grains at around 10 % moisture content to escape from the insects attack.

• Manipulate and reduce oxygen level by 1% to increase the CO2 level automatically, which will be lethal to all the stages of insects.

17

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

ii) Physical methods • Provide a super heating system by infrared heaters in the �oor mills and food processing plants to obtain effective control of pests

since mostly the stored produce insects die at 55 –600 C in 10 – 20 minutes.

• Modify the storage atmosphere to generate low oxygen (2.4% and to develop high carbon di oxide (9.0 – 9.5) by adding CO2 to control the insects.

iii) Cultural methods • Split and store pulses to escape from the attack by pulse beetle since it prefers to attack whole pulses and not split ones.

• Store the food grains in air tight sealed structures to prevent the infestation by insects.

iv) Mechanical methods • Sieve and remove all broken grains to eliminate the condition which favour storage pests.

• Stitch all torn out bags before �lling the grains.

v) Chemical methods • Treat the walls, dunnage materials and ceilings of empty godown with Jaithron (malathion 50 EC) 10 ml/L (or) Ruscron (DDVP 76

WSC ) 7 ml/L1 at 3 Ll spray solution/10 sq.m.

• Treat the alleyways and gangways with Jaithron (malathion 50 EC) 10 ml/L or Ruscron (DDVP 76 WSC) 7 ml/ L (1 L of spray �uid/270 m3).

• Spray malathion 50 EC 10 ml/ L with @ 3 L of spray �uid / 100 m2 over the bags. • Do not spray the insecticides directly on food grains.

• Use knock down chemicals like lindane smoke generator or fumigant strips pyrethrum spray to kill the �ying insects and insects on surfaces, cracks and crevices.

• Use seed protect ants like pyrethrum dust, carbaryl dust to mix with grains meant for seed purposes only. • Decide the need for shed fumigation based on the intensity of infestation.

• Check the black polythene sheets or rubberized aluminium covers for holes and get them ready for fumigation.

• Use EDB ampoules (available in different sizes 3 ml, 6 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml and 30 ml) at 3 ml/quintal for wheat and pulses and 5 ml/ quintal for rice and paddy (Do not recommend EDB for fumigation of �our oil seeds and moist grains)

• Use EDCT (available in tin containers of 500 ml, 1 liter and 5 litres) at 30 – 40 litres/ 100 cubic meter in large scale storage and 55 ml/quintal in small scale storage.

• Seed purpose: Mix 1 kg of activated kaolin (or) lindane 1.3 D (or) malathion 5 D for every 100 kg of seed and store/pack in gunny or polythene lined bags.

• Grain purpose: Mix 1 kg activated kaolin for every 100 kg of grain and store. To protect the pulse grains, mix activated kaolin at the above dosage or any one of the edible oils at 1 kg for every 100 kg of grain or mix 1 kg of neem seed kernel for every 100 kg of cereal / pulse and store.

• Do not mix synthetic insecticides with grains meant for consumption.

FumigationUse fumigants like ethylene dibromide (EDB), ethylene dichloride carbon tetra chloride (EDCT), aluminium phosphide (ALP) to control stored produce pests effectively. Apply aluminum phosphide (available in 0.6 g and 3 gram tablets) @ 3 tablets (3 gram each) per tonne of food grains lot with help of an applicator. Choose the fumigant and work out the requirement based on the following guidelines.

• 3 tablets of aluminum phosphide 3 g each per tonne of grain.

• 21 tablets of aluminium phosphide 3 g each for 28 cubic meters

• Period of fumigation is 5 days

Mix clay or red earth with water and make it into a paste form and keep it ready for plastering all round the fumigation cover or keep ready sand snakes. Place the required number of aluminium phosphide tablets in between the bags in different layer. Cover the bags immediately with fumigation cover. Plaster the edges of cover all round with wet red earth or clay plaster or weigh down with sand snakes to make leaf proof. Keep the bags for a period of 5-7 days under fumigation based on fumigant chosen. Remove the mud plaster after speci�ed fumigation periods and lift cover in the corner to allow the residual gas to escape. Lift the cover after few hours to allow aeration.

18


MitesMites are small arthropods belonging to the subclass Acari (also known as Acarina) and the class Arachnida. The scienti�c discipline devoted to the study of ticks and mites is called acarology.

Mites are common pests in landscapes and gardens that feed on many fruit trees, vines, berries, vegetables, and ornamental plants. Although related to insects, mites aren’t insects but members of the arachnid class along with spiders and ticks. Spider mites, also called webspinning mites, are the most common mite pests and among the most ubiquitous of all pests in the garden and on the farm.

Life CycleIn some parts of India, spider mites may feed and reproduce all year on plants that retain their green leaves throughout the winter. In colder areas and on deciduous trees that drop their leaves, webspinning mites overwinter as red or orange mated females under rough bark scales and in ground litter and trash. They begin feeding and laying eggs when warm weather returns in spring.

Spider mites reproduce rapidly in hot weather and commonly become numerous in June through September. If the temperature and food supplies are favorable, a generation can be completed in less than a week . Spider mites prefer hot, dusty conditions and usually are �rst found on trees or plants adjacent to dusty roadways or at margins of gardens. Plants under water stress also are highly susceptible. As foliage quality declines on heavily infested plants, female mites catch wind currents and disperse to other plants. High mite populations may undergo a rapid decline in late summer when predators overtake them, host plant conditions become unfavorable, and the weather turns cooler as well as following rain.

DamageMites cause damage by sucking cell contents from leaves. A small number of mites usually isn’t reason for concern, but very high populations—levels high enough to show visible damage to leaves—can damage plants, especially herbaceous ones. At �rst, the damage shows up as a stippling of light dots on the leaves; sometimes the leaves take on a bronze color. As feeding continues, the leaves turn yellowish or reddish and drop off. Often, large amounts of webbing cover leaves, twigs, and fruit. Damage is usually worse when compounded by water stress.Loss of leaves won’t cause yield losses in fruit trees during the year of infestation unless it occurs in spring or very early summer, but it may impact next year’s crop. On annual vegetable crops—such as squash, melons, and watermelons—loss of leaves can have a signi�cant impact on yield and lead to sunburning. On crops such as sugar peas and beans, where pods are attacked, spider mites can cause direct damage. On ornamentals, mites are primarily an aesthetic concern, but they can kill plants if populations become very high on annual plants. Spider mites are also important pests of �eld-grown roses.

List of crops and mite species Crop name Mite speciesSoybean Tetranychus uriticeBrinjal Tetranychus cinnabarinusCucurbit Family Tetranychus neocalendonieus

Chilli Polyphagotarsonemus latus

Tomato Tetranychus neocalendonieus

Pulses Tetranychus ludeni

Paddy Schizoleranyenus cajaniSugarcane O. indieus

Wheat Petrobia lateens

Cotton Tetranychus uritice

Tea Brevipalpus phoenicis , Acaphylla theaeApple Panonyehus ulmi

Lemon, Kinnu Eutertanychus orientalis

Jasmine Tetranychus neocalendonieus

Rose Tetranychus uritice

ManagementAlishan super @ 1.5-2 ml/Ltr. Water Biomite @ 1.5-2 ml/Ltr. WaterDicofol @ 4 ml/Ltr. Water Rusmite @ 3 ml/Ltr. water

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Red miteRed miteRed mite

Yellow miteYellow miteYellow mite

Brown miteBrown miteBrown mite

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

· Nematodes are popularly known as thread worms, roundworms & eelworms.· Nematodes usually lives large numbers in the soil for a part or whole of their life cycle, but can be found in a variety of habitats. They

are the most numerous multi cellular animals in earth. Over 30 million can be found in the soil in a square mater area. They are also quite diverse with an estimated 100,000 species of which only about 20,000 have been described by the scientists. Many species of Nematodes feed on other animals or plants, causing various diseases. Most of people are aware of the human parasitic roundworms and pinworm that come out in faces of children. Some also know guinea worms causing skin sores and worms causing elephantiasis disease, most of farmer would have observed worms in face of young calves, often resulting in their poor health and death besides causing serious growth retardation, disease and death of fish poultry, cattle livestock, insect and man. Many species of Nematodes are responsible for enormous quantitative and qualitative losses in foods, fiber, timber, plantation, horticulture and other commercial crops, plantation, horticulture and other commercial crops all over the world. Some Nematodes species are parasites of insects, killing insects directly or through symbiotic bacteria carried by them. The 20 major life-sustaining crops suffer 10% yield losses due to Nematodes.

CHEMICAL CONTROL: OTHER NEMATICIDES1. Rusphort - 5 – 8 Kg/acre 1. Phenarniphos 2. Furarus - 10 Kg/acre 2. Ethoprop

Nematodes

3. Cabbage Cyst Nematode (Heterodea glycines)

4. Tobacco cyst Nematode (Globodera tabacum) G. solaneccearum

5. Soya bean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines)

6. Pea Cyst Nematode (Heteraodera geottingiana)

7. Sugarbeet cyst Nematode (Heteraodera schacentil)

8. Root Lesion Nematode (Pratylenenus brachyurous)

9. Citrus burrowing Nematode (Radhopholus citrophilus)

10. Coconut palm Nematode (Rnadinaphelenchus cocophilus)

11. Pod cyst Nematode (Ditylenchus atricanus)

12. False root- Knot Nematode (Nacobbu’s abberrance)

NEMATODES HOST PLANT

Onion , Garlic, Flower bulb, Pasture Legumes, Broad been.

Brassica spp. Member of cruciterae.

Tobacco and other Solanaccons Plants

Soya bean (Glycine Max)

Pea (pisum sativum) Soya bean, Lentil and other legumes.

Beet (Beta Vulgaris) 80% Cruciterous plants and Chenopodiaceae

Pineapple, Potato, Peanut, Citrus, Cotton, Tobacco, Maize

1000 above species of citrus including banana

Coconut palm (cocos nucitera)

Groundnut

Potato

1. Potato Root Nematode (Ditylenchus destructor) Potato is main host, Garlic, Beet, Soya bean Sweet Potato, Carrots

2. Stem and bulb Nematode (Ditylenchus dispsaci)

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CROP DISEASE NEMATODE FUNGUS

Wheat Tundu Anguina tritici Clavibacter michiganensisParasiticavar tritici

Tobacco Vascular Wilt Meloidogyne incognita Ralstonia solanacearum

Brinjal Vascular Wilt Meloidogyne incognita Ralstonia solanacearum

Tomato Vascular WiltCanker

Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognita

Ralstonia solanacearumC. michiganesis subsp.Michiganesis

Potato Vascular Wilt Meloidogyne spp. Ralstonia solanacearum

Carnation Root (Vascular

Wilt)

Meloidogyne spp.Helicotylenchus dinystera

P. caryophyllia

Rose Hairy Rot. Pratylenchus vulnus Agrobacterium rhizogenes

CROP DISEASE NEMATODE FUNGUS

Cotton Damping offVascular WiltBlack Shank

Meloidogyne incognita ariettaMeloidogyne incognita ariettaMeloidogyne incognita arietta

Rhizoetonia solaniFusarium oxysporumPhytophthora parastiticavarnicotianar

Tobacco Damping offVascular Wilt

Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognita

P debaryanum, alternaria tenuisF oxysporum + sp. nicotianae

Banana Vascular Wilt Radophoius similis F oxysporum + sp. nicotianae

Tomato Cortical Rot.Vascular Wilt

Globodera rostochiensisMeloidogyne spp.

Rhizoetonia solaniF oxysporum + sp. lycopersici

Potato Cortical Rot. Globodera rostochiensisGlobodera rostochiensis

Rhizoetonia solaniVerticillium dahliae

Carnation Vascular Wilt Meloidogyne incognita F oxysporum

Disease Complexes Due to Nematode – Bacteria Interaction

Disease Complexes Due to Nematode – Fungus Interaction

Meloidogyne spp.Globodera rostochiensisHelicotylenchus

Globodera rostochiensis, Meloidogyne spp.

Globodera rostochiensisPratylenchus spp.Trichodorus spp

Heterodera schachtii

Meloidgyne spp.Pratylenchus

Meloidgyne spp.Pratylenchus spp.

Tylenchulus semipenetrans.Rodopholus similis

Meloidogyne spp.Rotylenchulus reniformisH. dinysteraP. penetrans

Meloidogyne spp.Pratylenchus spp.

21

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Wilting

Nutrient Classi�cationThere are different basis of classi�cation of essential nutrients:1. Quantity of nutrient required 2. Mobility of nutrient in soil3. Mobility of nutrient with in plant 4. Functions in plant

Classi�cation on the basis of Quantity of Nutrient required1. Basic Nutrients:These constitute 96% of total dry matter of plant.Name of Basic nutrients: • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen

Among these, carbon and oxygen constitute 45% each and hydrogen is 6%.

2. Macro NutrientsThe nutrients which are required by plants in large quantities are called macro or major nutrients. These are six in number.Name of Macro nutrients: • Nitrogen • Phosphorus • Potassium • Calcium • Magnesium • Sulphur

Macro nutrients have again two categories:

Primary Nutrients Among macro nutrients, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are known as primary nutrients which are required in a proper ratio for a successful crop.

Secondary Nutrients Next to primary nutrients, there are three elements such as Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur which are known as secondary nutrients.

3. Micro NutrientsThese nutrients required by plants in small quantities and also known as minor or trace elements. These are eight in numberName of Micro nutrients: • Manganese • Iron • Zinc • Copper • Boron • Molybdenum • Chlorine and • Cobalt.

Classi�cation on the basis of Mobility of Nutrient in the Soil:Mobile nutrients: The nutrients are highly soluble and these are not adsorbed on clay complexes.

+Example: NO₃, SO₄�,BO₃�, Cl and Mn �Less mobile nutrients: They are soluble, but they are adsorbed on clay complex, so their mobility is reduced.

+ + + + +Example: NH₄ , K , Ca �, Mg �, Cu �Immobile nutrients: Nutrient ions are highly reactive and get �xed in the soil.

+Example: H₂PO₄,HPO₄�, Zn �

Classi�cation on the basis of Mobility with in Plant:Highly mobile: N, P and K. Moderately mobile: ZnLess mobile: S, Fe, Mn, Cl, Mo and Cu Immobile: Ca and B

Classi�cation on the basis of Functions in the Plant:1. Elements that provide basic structure to plant Example: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen2. Elements useful in energy storage, transfer and bonding: These are accessory structural elements which are more active and vital for living tissues. Example: N, S and P.3. Elements necessary for charge balance. Example: K, Ca and Mg.4. Elements involved in enzyme activation and electron transfer. Example: Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo and Cl.

Bene�cial nutrientsThese are not included in essential nutrients, but their application increases the yield up to some extent.Example: Sodium, Silicon, and Vanadium.

22

Ph chart with nutrient

Plant nutrient absorption chart


Nutrient De�ciency Symptoms Comments Diseases Product recommendation

Calcium (Ca) New leaves (top of plant) Desert soils and water Bitter pit in Root o max gold @ 4-8 kg are distorted or irregularly generally have plenty Apple /acre and Zinc super shaped. Causes blossom of calcium, so de�ciency gold @ 5-8 kg/Acre -end rot. problems are rare. Excessive calcium can limit the availability of other nutrients.

Nitrogen (N) General yellowing of older Most plants absorb Buttoning in Indo pardhan leaves (bottom of plant). nitrogen in the form of cauli�ower @ 1 kg/Acre The rest of the plant is ammonium or nitrate. often light green. These forms readily dissolve in water and leach away.

Magnesium Older leaves turn yellow Plants absorb Intervenial Picaso gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr.(Mg) at edge leaving a green magnesium as an ion chlorosis in Water , Gajab ultra arrowhead shape in the (charged particle), which Apple and @ 1.5-2 ml/Ltr water, center of the leaf can be readily leached Citrus Root o max gold from soil. May be readily @ 4-8 kg/Acre , leached from soil if Zinc super gold calcium is not present. @ 5 -8 kg /Acre

Phosphorus Leaf tips look burnt, Plants absorb Stunting in Indo pardhan (P) followed by older leaves phosphorus in the form early stage of @ 1 kg/Acre , turning a dark green or of phosphate. This form plants Root o max gold @ 4-8 kg reddish-purple. dissolves only slightly /Acre , Indo mycorrihiza in water, but pH strongly @ 4-8 kg /Acre affects uptake.

Potassium (K) Older leaves may wilt, Plants absorb potassium Drying back Indo pardhan@ 1 kg /Acre, look scorched. Interveinal as an ion, which can be tips of shoots Root o max gold chlorosis begins at the readily leached from soil. @ 4-8 kg/Acre base, scorching inward Desert soils and water from leaf margins. generally have plenty of potassium, so de�ciency problems are rare.

Sulphur (S) Younger leaves turn yellow Plants absorb sulfur in Younger leaf Root o max gold @ 4-8 kg �rst, sometimes followed the form of sulfate. This suffering from /acre and Zinc super gold by older leaves. readily leaches from the chlorosis with @ 5-8 kg/Acre , soil. Sulfur may acidify there tips Karill DF @ 8-10 kg/Acre the soil (lower the pH). becoming necrotic.

Boron (B) Terminal buds die, witches' Plants absorb boron in Bowning or Picaso gold @ 2.5 ml/Ltr. brooms form. the form of borate. hollow stem in Water, Jagromin 99@ 2-2.5 Problems are seen in Cauli�ower, ml/Ltr. Water , Bloom intensely cropped areas. Heart rot of �ower @ 1.5-2 ml/Ltr. sugarbeet and Water Marigold , Top sickness of tobacco , Internal necrosis in Mango , Fruit cracking of tomato and pomegranate

Copper (Cu) Leaves are dark green, Plants absorb copper as Die back of Picaso gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. plant is stunted. an ion. Arizona soils have shoots in citrus, Water , Gajab ultra plenty of copper, so Little lea�n @ 1.5-2 ml/Ltr water, problems are rare. citrus , Rough Root o max gold bark and @ 4-8 kg/Acre , cracking in Zinc super gold @ 5 -8 kg Apple /Acre

23

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

24

Iron (Fe) Yellowing occurs between Plants absorb iron as an lime induced Picaso gold @ the veins of young leaves. ion through their foliage chlorosis . 2.5 ml/Ltr. Water , as well as their roots. Root o max gold Uptake is strongly @ 4-8 kg /Acre affected by pH. Chelated iron is readily available for use by the plant, other forms of iron may be tied up in the soil.

Manganese Yellowing occurs between Plants absorb manganese Gray speck of Gajab ultra (Mn) the veins of young leaves. as an ion through their Oat, Speckled @ 2.5 ml/Ltr. Water, Pattern is not as distinct as foliage as well as their yellow of Picaso gold with iron. Palm fronds are roots. sugarbeet, @ 2.5 ml/Ltr. Water , stunted and deformed, Maarsh spot of Root o max gold called "frizzle top." Peas , Pahala @ 4-8 kg/Acre Reduction in size of plant blight of parts (leaves, shoots, fruit) Sugarcane , generally. Dead spots Frenching of or patches. tung trees

Molybdenum General yellowing of older Plants absorb yellow spot in Gajab ultra @ 2.5 ml/Ltr. (Mo) leaves (bottom of plant). molybdenum in the form Citrus , Scald of Water, Picaso gold The rest of the plant is often of molybdate. Problems leaves , @ 2.5 ml/Ltr. Water , light green. are rare in Arizona soils Downward Root o max gold but are occasionally seen cupping in @ 4-8 kg/Acre on legumes where it radish mimics nitrogen de�ciency.

Zinc (Zn) Terminal leaves may be Plants absorb zinc as an White bud in Zinc super gold rosetted, and yellowing ion through their foliage maize , Khaira @ 4.5-10 kg /Acre , occurs between the veins as well as their roots. diseases in rice , Sona shree gold of the new leaves. High pH may limit little leaf in @ 250 gm/Acre, availability Mango, Litchi Root o max gold and Cashew. @ 4-8 kg/Acre

Nutrient De�ciency Symptoms Comments Diseases Product recommendation

Soil pH Ranges

NeutralAcidity Alkalinity

10,000x 1,000x 100x 10x 0 10x 100x 1,000x10,000x

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11Common pH

range for Indian soils


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Plant Protection Equipments: Classi�cationPests and disease incident on the crops / plants are to be overcome by the application of poisonous chemicals. As the technology advances and newer crop varieties are introduced newer insects, pests and diseases are also growing up and methods are deviced to control them. Many chemicals used for plant protection cannot be handled by human operators directly. Also, that needs to be applied in �ne particles. This necessitates the use of suitable machines.

Sprayers• The Sprayer is one which atomizes the spray �uid (which may be a suspension, an emulsion or a solution) into a small droplets and

eject it with little force for distributing it properly.

• It also regulates the amount of pesticide to avoid excessive application that might prove wasteful or harmful.

• The mechanical appliances that are used for distributing the dust formulations of pesticides are called as dusters.

Type of sprayersSprayers are classi�ed into four categories on the basis of energy employed to atomise and eject the spray �uid as:

• hydraulic energy sprayer

• gaseous energy sprayer

• centrifugal energy sprayer and,• kinetic energy sprayer

NozzleThe Nozzle Tip is one of the most important and least expensive part of a spraying system. The nozzle performs four basic functions:

• Atomizes liquid into droplets.

• Disperses the droplets in a speci�c pattern.• Meters liquid at a certain �ow rate.

• Provides hydraulic momentum.

Adjustable Nozzle• Most suitable for spraying targets which are not within the reach of a man.

• Gives a wide angle hollow cone to a straight solid stream that is, it gives a jet to a cone type of spray pattern.

• Difficult to calibrate as the �ow and droplet sizes vary widely with the nozzle angle.

Double Swirl Spray Nozzle• Used for spraying in two different directions simultaneously.

• Nozzles can be �tted with different types of tips like hollow cone, solid cone or �at fan.

• Suitable for high volume applications

• The shape and size of Nozzle Tip ori�ce controls the spray angel, discharge rate and spray pattern. Spray angle in�uences the swath of a spray.

• And also:-Droplet size increases as ori�ce size increases (for any given pressure). Droplet size decreases with an increase in fan angle (for any given nozzle size and pressure). When it is desired to spray with more than one nozzle with the help of a spray rig or a spray boom, care should be taken in mounting to avoid overlapping or gapping.Overlap causes double dose Higher dose is harmful to crop Gap leaves untreated area Poor biological efficacy

25

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Selecting A Spray Nozzle• The proper selection and use of spray nozzle is the most important part of pesticide application.

• The nozzle determines the amount of spray that is generated over a given area, the uniformity of the spray produced, the coverage obtained and the amount of drift that occurs.

• The nozzle selected must optimize coverage application rate and pressure and minimize loss through drift. For each kind of application, dependent upto the physical conditions prevailing, a different nozzle design is available.

• Nozzle tips are usually available in brass, stainless steel, and engineering plastic. Steel tips are most resistant to corrosion and abrasion.

• Brass tips are very commonly used, but ear out more easily and can be corroded by some chemicals. Engineering plastic is likely to become the most serviceable material for spray nozzles, being highly resistant to wear-and-tear and corrosion.

Hollow Cone Nozzles-disc and Core Type• These are used primarily where plant foliage penetration is essential for effective insect and disease control, and where drift is not

a major consideration.

• At pressures of 40 – 8- psi hollow cone nozzles give excellent spray coverage to the undersides of reduces penetration correspondingly.

Flat Fan Nozzles• These are used largely for broadcast spraying, where foliar penetration and coverage are not essential.• The best operating pressure for �at fan nozzles is 15 – 30 psi, which produce coarser droplets that are not susceptible to drift

Flood Jet Nozzles• These are ideal for high application rates and speeds, because they produce a wide-angle, �at fan pattern.• Operating �ood-jet nozzles at 5-25 psi minimizes drift, but pressure changes critically affect the width of the spray pattern.• Generally, the spray generated by the �oodjet is not as uniform as the �at-fan type.

Adjustable Nozzles • This model is capable of producing a cone spray in various angles, and also a solid or broken jet spray.

Cut-off Valves • These can be spring-activated (trigger control) or operated by means of a simple knob or trap.• A strainer can be built into the control valve handle, and in the trigger type a pressure regulating device can also be incorporated.

Every sprayer should have• A discharge Line consisting of a delivery hose with couplings and a spray lance.

Every Spray Lance must have• A cut-off valve• An extension rod-straight or goose-neck• An appropriate nozzle

Extension Rod• Comes in varying lengths, according to customer requirements but lengths longer than 90 cms are difficult to handle.• For tree spraying, bamboo lances i.e. brass tubes inserted into a hollow bamboo are recommended.• The larger diameter of the bamboo helps to off-set the length of the lance (up to 2.5 meters, making it easier to handle).

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27

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Fertilizer Management S.No. NAME OF FERTILIZERS NUTRIENT CONTENT (IN kg) (FCO speci�cation)

N % P O % K O % 2 2 5 2

1. Dung Manure 0.5 0.2 0.52. Compost Manure 0.5 0.15 0.53. Chicken Beet Manure (_wJu H$s ~rQ) 5.5 4 24. Neem Compost (Zr_ H$s Ibr) 5.2 1 1.45. Vermi Compost (H|$MwAm H$s ImX) 3.0 1 1.56. Urea 46 0 07. Ammonium Sulphate 20.6 0 08. Calcium Ammonium Nitrate 26 0 09. Single Super Phosphate 0 16 010. Rock Phosphate 0 18 011. Murate of Potash 0 0 6012. Potassium Sulphate 0 0 5013. Di Ammonium Phosphate 18 46 014. Ammonium Sulphate Nitrate (CAN) 27 0 015. Calcium Nitrate 15.5 0 016. Mono Ammonium Phosphate (MAP) 12 52 017. NPK (19:19:19) 19 19 1918. NPK (17:17:17) 17 17 1719. Nitrophosphate with Potash 15 15 1520. NPK (10:26:26) 10 26 2621. NPK (12:32:16) 12 32 1622. Potassium Nitrate 13 0 4523. NPK (12:32:16) 12 32 1624. NPK (14:28:14) 14 28 1425. NPK (15:15:15) 15 15 1526. Amonium Phosphate Sulphate 16 20 027. NPK (6:12:36) 6 12 3628. NPK (14:35:14) 14 35 1429. NPK (13:5:26) 13 5 2630. NPK (13:40:13) 13 40 1331. NPK (22:22:11) 22 22 1132. Potassium Phosphate 0 52 3433. Zinc sulphate (Hepta Hydrate) Zinc (Zn) - 21 %34. Zinc sulphate (Mono Hydrate) Zinc (Zn) - 33%35. Manganese sulphate Manganese (Mn) – 30.5%36. Ferrous sulphate Iron (Fe) – 19%37. Copper sulphate Copper (Cu)- 24%38. Borax (Sodium Tetraborate) Borene (Bn) – 10.5%39. Magnesium sulphate Magnesium (Mg) – 9.6%40. Chelated Zinc (Fe-EDTA) Zinc (Zn) – 12%41. Sulphur Sulphar (S) – 90%42. Ammonium Molybdate Molibet (Mo) – 52%43. Boric Acid 44. Rhizobium 45. Azotobacter 46. Azospirillum 47. City Compost 48. Pressmud 49. Mycorrhizal Bio fertilizers

Crop's Seeds Sowing Time CROP NAME RIGHT TIME LATE TIME SEEDS QTY. (kg / hectare)

Wheat 10th Nov. - 25th Nov. 25th Nov.-10th Dec. Timely Sowing – 125 kg. Late Sowing – 130 Kg. Very Late Sowing – 150 Kg.

Barley 20th Oct. - 7th Nov. 15th Nov – 15th Dec. 75-100 kg.

Maize May - June 15th July 25-35 kg.

Pearl millet March – July N/A 8-10 kg.

Paddy June - July Transplanting in 25-40 Nursery

(July- Aug)

Sorghum June - July N/A 15-20 kg.

Rai / Mustard 30th Sept – 15th Oct. N/A 5-6 kg.

Toria / Lahi 1st Sept. - 15th Sept. N/A 4-5 kg.

Yellow Sarson 25th Sept. - 15th Oct. N/A 5-6 kg.

Tara Mira October N/A 5-6 kg.

Sesamum June – July N/A 3-5 kg.

Groundnut June – July N/A 70-75 kg.

Linseed Oct. – Nov. N/A 30-40 kg.

Soybean June – July N/A 70-75 kg.

Castor June – July N/A 15 Kg.

Sun�ower Feb-March N/A 6-7 Kg.

July – Aug./ Nov.

Gram / Chickpea Oct. – Nov. N/A 75-80 kg.

Pea Oct. – Nov. N/A 80-100 kg.

Lentil Oct. – Nov. N/A 40-60 kg.

Mung Bean/Green Gram Feb./ April / July N/A 25-30 kg.

Urd Bean/Black Gram Feb./ March / July N/A 25-30 kg.

Pigeonpea/Red gram Feb. / June / July N/A 12-15 kg.

Cowpea Feb./April N/A 30-40kg.

Production Quantity In Million Tonne (PPD AGRI. REPORT 2011-12) Black gram 1.83 Green gram 1.71 Gram 7.58 Other Creals 42.01 Oil Seeds 30.01 Sugarcane 357.67 Cotton 35.20 Rice 104.32Wheat 93.90 Maize 21.57 Soybean 12.28 Groundnut 6.93 Mustard 6.78 Pigeonpea 2.65

Insects PestsA pest is "a plant or animal detrimental to humans or human concerns (as agriculture or livestock production)"; alternative meanings include organisms that cause nuisance and epidemic disease associated with high mortality (speci�cally: plague). In its broadest sense, a pest is a competitor of humanity. A pest is an organism which harms man or his property. Less than 0.1% of insects are pests. Insects can cause damage directly (by their feeding or making of shelters) or indirectly by other means. Insects- any of a class of tracheate arthropods (such as bugs or bees) with well-de�ned head, thorax, and abdomen, only three pairs of legs, and typically one or two pairs of wings.

28


Directa. Chewing of plants e.g. grasshoppers, caterpillars, leaf miners, root chewing beetle larvae, stem borers.b. Piercing and sucking Direct removal of plant sap or animal blood e.g. Aphids, Vegetable Bugs, Mites, Bed Bugs, Lice, Ticks

Indirecta. Transmitters of disease (vectors) - from plant to plant or animal to animal e.g. plant viruses and bacteria transmitted via aphids and leafhoppers, malaria, dengue fever and heartworm via mosquitoes.b. Disease entering independently through wound site of feeding or egg laying. e.g. bacterial rots of cotton, infected bites on animals.c. Spoiling e.g. webbing and faeces in food products, cockroach faeces on goods, sooty mould growing on honeydew exudate from aphids

leading to both spoilage and reduction of photosynthesis by affected foliage.d. Toxic saliva or allergies e.g. �ea irritation on dogs, mosquitoes and sand�ies on humans.

FungiFungi are eukaryotic, achlorophyllous organisms that may reproduce sexually and asexually and whose �lamentous branched somatic structures are typically surrounded by cell walls containing chitin or cellulose. Fungi causes maximum number of disease in plants and hence their prevention is very important.

BacteriaBacteria are microscopic, unicellular prokaryotes, which lack chlorophyll. These microorganisms are with a primitive nucleus lacking a clearly de�ned membrane. The bacterià are smaller than fungi and measure about 0.5 to 1.0 x 2.0 to 5.0 μm in size. More than 1,600 bacterial species saprophytes. Several species cause diseases in human beings and animals. About 200 species of bacteria cause diseases in plants.

WeedsWeeds are plants that are unwanted in a given situation and may be harmful, dangerous or economically detrimental. Weeds are a serious threat to primary production and biodiversity. They reduce farm and forest productivity, displace native species and contribute signi�cantly to land and water degradation. The costs of weeds to the natural environment are also high, with weed invasion being ranked second only to habitat loss in causing biodiversity decline. Out of 2, 50,000 plant species, weeds constitute about 250 species, which are prominent in agricultural and non-agricultural system. Under world conditions about 30000 species is grouped as weeds.

Based on morphologyBased on the morphology of the plant, the weeds are also classi�ed in to three categories. This is the most widely used classi�cation by the weed scientists.(a) Grasses: All the weeds come under the family Poaceae are called as grasses which are characteristically having long narrow spiny

leaves. The examples are Echinocloa colonum, Cynodon dactylon.(b) Sedges: The weeds belonging to the family Cyperaceae come under this group. The leaves are mostly from the base having

modi�ed stem with or without tubers. The examples are Cyperus rotundus, Fimbrystylis miliaceae.© Broad leaved weeds: This is the major group of weeds as all other family weeds come under this except that is discussed earlier.

All dicotyledon weeds are broad leaved weeds. The examples are Flavaria australacica, Digera arvensis, Tridax procumbens

Plant VirusesVirus is a submicroscopic, transmissible, intercellular, obligate parasite and consists of nucleic acid (either RNA or DNA), which is typically surrounded by a protein coat. They are less than 200 millimicron and cannot be grown in arti�cial media and require living host cell for multiplication. They have both living and nonliving properties. Living characters include their ability to cause disease, reproduce, mutate and have genetic materials. Non-living characters are the lack of cellular structure; enzymatic activities, respiratory activities and they can be crystallized by physical means. Nearly half of the plant virus may be of elongated (rigid rod /�exuous threads) and spherical (isometric / polyhedral) and the remaining are cylindrical bacillus like rods in shape and small enough pass through bacterial �lters but too small to be seen under light microscope. 1. Rigid rod: (e.g.) Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) and Tobacco rattle Virus (TRV) 2. Flexuous rod: (e.g.) Potato Virus X (PVX), Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV). 3. Filamentous rod: (e.g.) Tenuiviruses likes Rice Grassy Stunt (RGSV) and Rice Stripe Virus (RSV). 4. Isometric: (e.g.) Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV), Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). 5. Bacilliform: (e.g.) Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV), Banana streak virus (BSV) and Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus (CCSV).

29

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

COTTON Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/Diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods

1 Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases And Acer @ 2-2.5gm/kg Seed, Dry Soil borne Insects Savera @7-8 Ml/kg Seed, Application Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/kg Seed

2 Soil Treatment Termite, Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad CastingTermite- And Wilt Diseases Root-o-Max MethodSoil Health - Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre.Nematode - Aman @ 250-400 gm/acre,Root Rot & Wilt - Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-40 gm/acre.

3 Germination Weed Control Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre SprayWeed Control- (5-6 DAS) Penda Power @ 700 ml/acre, Shaktiban @350 ml/acre

4 Seedling White Fly, Aphid, Jassid, Prize @ 80-100 gm/acre + SprayWhite Fly - Establishment Leaf Hopper, Root Weevil, Kranti 50 @ 200gm/acre / Spine - 200ml (20-25 DAS) Root Rot & Wilt, Cercospora Cercospora Leaf Spot - Leaf Spot Wind @ 100 gm/acre, Acer @ 250 gm/acre,

5 Leaf Area and Tobacco Caterpiller, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, SprayBollworm - Canopy Pink Bollworm, Mealy Bug, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Development Cercospora Leaf Spot, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, (30-40 DAS) Srigent Plus @ 250-300 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Dawn 7000 @ 25-30 gm/acre,Mealy Bug- Spine@ 250 ml/acre

6 Flowering And Boll White Fly, Aphid, Anmol @ 400gm/acre, SprayWhite Fly - Development Jassid, Leaf Hopper, -Aphid, Jassid & Leaf Hopper & Thrips (80-100 DAS) Thrips, Pink Bollworm, Twins @80-100 gm, Spine @ 250 ml/acre, American Bollworm, Mite, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre, Antracnose, Boll Rot, Sitara@ 100 gm/acre. Alternaria Leaf Blight. Antracnose, Boll Rot, Alternaria Viral Diseases - Wind @ 100 gm/acre,Leaf Blight Acer @ 250gm/acre, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, Remote Power @ 250 gm/acre. Controlwhite Fly And Viral Diseases - Apply Bactro Olus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre, Indo Biogold @ 1.5-2 gm/ltr. Water Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre

7 Maturation White Fly, Aphid, Jassid, Repeat The Above Spray Spray (130-160 DAS) Leaf Hopper, Pink Bollworm, American Bollworm, Mite, Antracnose, Boll Rot, Alternaria Leaf Blight

30

INDOGULF CORPSCIENCES LTD.

Use Ankur Gold @ 5ml / 15 Ltr. Spray Solution for Increasing Effectiveness Of The Agro Chemical

Connelina benghalensis Cyanotis axillaris Cynodon dactylon

Euphorbia geniculata Sorghum_halepense Aphid

Cotton bollworm Jassid Mealy bug

Thrips Alternaria leaf spot Boll rot

Rust White �y wilt Viral diseases

31

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

MAIZE Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/Diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods

1 Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases Acer @ 2-2.5gm/kg Seed, Seed Soaking And Soil borne Insects Savera @7-8 Ml/kg Seed, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/kg Seed

2 Soil Treatment Termite &white Grub Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite & White Grub - Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre,

3 Germination Weed Control Ruszine @ 400-500 gm/acre SprayWeed Control- (3-4 DAS)

4 Early Vegetative White Fly, Aphid, Jassid, Shaan @ 250 gm/acre, SprayWhite Fly - Stage (20-25 DAS) Leaf Folder, Root Weevil, Anmol @ 400 gm/acre, Stem Borer, Army Worm, Prize @ 8o-100 gm/acre, Cercospora Leaf Spot Kranti50 @ 250-400 gm/acre. Stem Borer & Army Worm- Srigent GR @ 7.5-10 kg/acre, Furarus @ 10-13 Kg/ Acre, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Twins - 150 gm/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Wind @ 100 gm/acre,Cercospora Leaf Spot - Acer @ 250 gm/acre, Plant Growth, Nutrition & Stress Management Indo Biogold @ 200 gm/acre, Pradhan @ 1 kg/acre

5 Tessel And Silk Stem Borer & Army Worm, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, SprayBollworm - Formation Leaf Blight, Stem Rot, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, (30-40 DAS) Smut and Rust Srigent Plus @ 250-300 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Leaf Blight, Stem Rot, Smut and Rust- Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, Figon @ 350 ml/acre, Aman @ 250-400 gm/acre Bactro Plus Gold @ 20 gm/acre, Plant Growth & Nutrition - Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre, Picaso Gold @ 250 ml/acre

6 Karnel Formation Pod Boorer, Stem Borer, Repeat The Above Recommended (50-60 DAS) Aphid, Jassid Spray Product Spray `

32




Euphorbia geniculata Armyworm

White grub Pod borer Shoot �y

Stem borer Leaf blight

Sorghum_halepense Smut Stem rot

33

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

RICE Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/Diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods

1 Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases And Acer @ 2-gm/ltr., Bactro Gold - 2 gm/ltr. Seed Soaking Soil borne Insects Savera @4-5 ml/ltr. Water Indo Biogold @ 1 gm/ltr. Water

2 Soil Health And Termite, Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite- Treatment Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre Nematode -

3 Nursery Damping Off Tango Super @ 1ml/ltr Water, Spray Acer@ 2.5gm/ltr. Water, Plant Growth and Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1.5-2 gm/ Ltr. Water.

4 Transplanting Weed Control & Stem Borer - Krift @ 500ml/acre, ( 2-3 DAT) Spray / Weed Control - & Early Growth Orian Gold @ 100-120 ml/acre (20-30 DAT) Broad Casting ( 0-30 DAT) Kranti 4g @ 7.5 - 10 kg/acre,Stem Borer -

5 Active Tillering Stem Borer, Nematode, Stem Borer & Leaf Folder- (30-50 DAT) Leaf Folder, Root Rot Kranti 4g @ 7.5-10 kg/acre, Baton @ 250-300ml/acre, Twins @ 70-80 gm/acre, Dominator @120 Gsm/acre, Acer @ 250gm/acre,Root Rot- Remote Power @ 250gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold@ 20-30gm/acre, Plant Growth and Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Jagromin 99@ 2ml/ltr. Water, Sona Shree Gold @ 250 gm/acre

6 Panicle Initiation Sheath Blight, Sheath Blight, Bacterial Blight- (60-70 DAT) Bacterial Blight Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, Buzzer @ 200 gm/acre, Figon @ 250-300 ml/acre, Remote Power @ 250-300 gm/acre, Twins @ 60 gm/acre as Prophylactic for Bph, Gazab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre For Better Flower Initiation and Healthy Grain Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-40gm/acre

7. Heading Brown Plant Hopper, SprayBrown Plant Hopper & Leaf Hopper - (90-100 DAT) Leaf Hopper, Neck Blast, Blunt @ 350-400 ml/acre, Leaf Spot Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Lahar @ 500ml/acre, Ruscron@ 400-500 ml/acre. Sandesh @ 500-600 Ml Neck Blast - Leaf Spot - Figon @ 250-300 ml/acre, Tango Super @ 200-250 ml/acre, Buzzer @ 200 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-40 gm/acre,

8. Soft Dough and Brown Plant Hopper, Neck Blast, Repeat The Above Spray, Spray Hard Dough Leaf Hopper, Leaf Spot, Rust Tango Super @ 200-250 ml/acre (100-110 DAT) Bactro Plus Gold @ 20 gm/acre For Better Quality Seed and Seed borne Diseases Control.

9. Physiological Brown Plant Hopper, Neck Blast, Repeat The Above Spray, Spray Maturity Leaf Hopper, Leaf Spot Tango Super @ 200 Ml /acre (110-120 DAT) Bactro Plus Gold @ 20 gm/acre For Better Quality Seed and Seed borne Diseases Control.

34



Commelina Spp Cyperus difformis Echinoclova

Eleusine_indica Fimbristylis Milliaceae Eclipta-alpa

Brown plant hopper Leaf folder Stem borer

Termite Nematode Brown spot False smut

Neck blast Sheath blight leaf spot Bakane disease

35

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

SOYABEAN Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/Diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods

1 Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases Acer @ 2-2.5gm/kg Seed, Semi Dry And Soil borne Insects Savera @7-8 Ml/kg Seed, Application Indo Biogold @ 1gm/ltr. Water

2 Soil Treatment Termite & Stem Borer Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite - Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre Nematode -

3 Germination Weed Control, Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre SprayWeed Control - (4-5 DAS) Penda Power @ 700 ml/acre, Shaktiban @350 ml/acre

4 First Node Aphid, Jassid, White Fly, Spray Aphid, Jassid & Leaf Hopper, Thrips - (10-15 DAS) Thrips. Viral Diseases Srigent @ 250 ml/acre, To Stem Fully Twins @ 70-80 gm/acre, Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Development Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre, (20-25 DAS) Sitara@ 100 gm/acre Shaan @ 250gm/acre,White Fly - Prize @ 80-100 gm/acre + Kranti 50 @ 200 gm/acre Plant Growth & Nutrition Picaso Gold @ 2 ml/ltr. Water . Indo Biogold @ 2gm/ltr. Water Viral Diseases- Control White Fly

5 Flowering(35-40 DAS) Aphid, Jassid, Thrips, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, SprayStem Borer - To Flowering Stem Borer. Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Blooming Charcoal Rot & Coller Rot Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, (45-50 DAS) Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Charcoal Rot & Coller Rot- Remote Power@ 250-400 gm/acre, Tango Super@ 100 ml/acre, Bacterogold 100 gm/acre

6 Beginning Pod Aphid, Jassid, Thrips, Acer @ 250 gm/acre, SprayLeaf Spot & Leaf Blight - (55-60 DAS) To Pod Borer, Heliothis, Wind @ 100 gm/acre, Full Pod Bihar Hairy Caterpiller, Figon @ 250-300 Ml/ Acre, (60-65 DAS) Leaf Spot, Leaf Blight Buzzer @ 200 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre Plant Growth Regulator - Gajab Ultra @2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water

7 Beginning Seed Aphid, Jassid, Thrips, SprayPod Borer, Heliothis, Bihar Hairy Caterpillar- (65-70 DAS) To Pod Borer, Heliothis, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Full Seed Bihar Hairy Caterpiller, Leaf Parker @ 450 ml/acre, (70-75 DAS) Spot, Leaf Blight, Antrcnose, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Srigent Plus @ 250-300 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre.

8 Beginning Maturity Aphid, Jassid, Thrips, Repeat The Above Spary Spray (75-80 DAS) To Pod Borer, Heliothis, Fully Maturity Bihar Hairy Caterpiller, Leaf (85-90 DAS) Spot, Leaf Blight, Antrcnose,

36




Euphorbia geniculata Sorghum_halepense Helicoverpa armigera

Semilooper Tobacco caterpiller White �y

Charcoal rot Root rot leaf curl virus

Cercospora leaf spot

37

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/Diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods

1 Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases Acer @ 1-2 gm/ltr. Water, Spray Over and Soil borne Insects Savera @4-5 ml/ltr. Water, Setts Indo Biogold @ 2-3 gm/ltr. Water

2 Soil Treatment Termite, Nematode and Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite- Red Rot Diseases Root O Max Gold @ 8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre.Nematode - Aman @ 250-400 gm/acre,Root Rot & Wilt - Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-40 gm/acre.

3 Germination Weed Control, Penda Power @ 750 ml/acre, Spray (6-7 DAS) Penda Shree @ 1 Ltr. Acre, Cut Off 58@ 600-1000 ml/acre, Trick 2 200 gm/acre, Ruszine @ 500 gm/acre

4 Tillering Stage Scale Insect, Early Shoot Broad Casting/Scale Insect, Early Shoot Borer, (15-20 DAS) Borer, Wooly Aphid Srigent GR @ 7.5-10 kg/acre, SprayWooly Aphid- Sitara @ 200 gm/acre, Dawn 7000 @ 75-100 gm/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition - Zinc Super Gold @ 7.5-10 Kg /acre, Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water Pradhan @ 1 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold ( Broadcasting)

5 Tillering To Grand Scale Insect, Early Shoot SprayTop Stem Borer, Root Borer, Wooly Aphid, Growth Stage Borer, Top Stem Borer, Pyrilla, Leaf Hopper, White Fly- (20-120 DAS) Root Borer, Wooly Aphid, Corsa @ 450-500 ml/acre, Pyrilla, Leaf Hopper, Spine @ 400ml/acre, Twins @ 150 gm/acre, White Fly Kranti 50 @ 250 gm/acre

6 Grand Tillering Scale Insect, Earlt Shoot Repeat The Spray of Above Spray Growth Phase Borer, Root Borer, Wooly Recommended Products. (120-270 DAS) Aphid, Pyrilla, Leaf Hopper, Plant Growth & Nutrition - White Fly Picaso Gold@ 350 ml/acre Gajab Ultra @ 250-300 ml/acre Indo Biogold @ 2-2.5 gm/ltr. Water

7 Maturation & Scale Insect, Earlt Shoot Repeat The Spray Of Above Spray Ripening Borer, Root Borer, Wooly, Recommended Products. (270 Above DAS) Aphid, Pyrilla, Leaf Hopper, Plant Growth & Nutrition - White Fly Picaso Gold@ 350 ml/acre Gajab Ultra@ 250-300 ml/acre Indo Biogold @ 2-2.5 gm/ltr. Water

38

SUGARCANE INDOGULF CORPSCIENCES LTD.


Krishan neel Sorghum Helepans Early stem borer

Pyrilla Termite White grub

Sugarcane top borer Wilt

Red rot Grassy stunt virus

Convolvulus arvensis Ecinoclova Jagli palak

39

KRISHI MITRA - 2017


1 Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases Acer @ 2-2.5gm/kg Seed, Semi Dry And Soil borne Insects Savera @7-8 Ml/kg Seed, Application Indo Biogold @ 1gm/ltr. Water

2 Soil Treatment Termite & White Grub Twins @ 150gm/acre, "broad Casting "termite & White Grub - Srigent GR @ 7.5 -10 kg/acre. Method Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, Soil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre.Nematode - Acer @ 250-400 gm/acre, Spray"Root Rot & Wilt - Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre."

3 Germination Weed Control, Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre SprayWeed Control- (6-7 DAS) Penda Power @ 700 ml/acre, Shaktiban @350 ml/acre"

4 First Leaf To White Fly, Aphid, Jassid, Shaan @ 250 gm/acre, SprayWhite Fly - Beginning Of Thrips, Leaf Hopper, Early Prize @ 80-100 gm/acre + Blooming Leaf Spot, Late Leaf Spot Kranti 50 SP @ 200 gm/acre. Aphid, Jassid & Leaf Hopper & Thrips - Twins 70-80 gm/acre, Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Dawn 7000 @ 25-30 gm/acre, Sitara@ 100 gm/acre. Early Leaf Spot, Late Leaf Spot - Acer @ 250 gm/acre, Buzzer @ 200 ml/acre, Tango Super @ 200 ml/acre, Srizole @ 150-250 ml/acre"

5 Pegging, Beginning Spodoptera, Hairy Caterpillar, SpraySpodoptera & Hairy Caterpillar - Pod To Full Pod Leaf Hopper, Aphid, Jassid, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Thrips, White Fly, Leaf Hopper, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Leaf Minor, Early Leaf Spot, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Late Leaf Spot, Twins 70-80 gm/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre."

6 Beginning Spodoptera, Hairy Caterpillar, Repeat The Above Spray Spray Seed To Full Seed White Grub, Leaf Hopper, Twins @ 150gm/acre, BroadcastingWhite Grub - Aphid, Jassid, Thrips, Srigent GR @ 7.5 -10 kg/acre. White Fly, Leaf Hopper, Figon @ 350 ml/acre, SprayRust - Leaf Minor, Early Leaf Spot, Tango Super @ 200 ml/acre, Late Leaf Spot, Rust Srizole @ 350-400 ml/acre"

7 Harvest Maturity White Grub Broadcasting

GROUND NUT

40


SpodopteraRust Late Leaf Spot

ThripsEarly Leaf Spot Hairy Caterpillar

Trianthema portulacastrum White grub

Jassid

Amaranthus viridisAphid Cyperus rotundus

41

KRISHI MITRA - 2017


1 Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases Acer @ 2-2.5gm/kg Seed, Seed Soaking And Soil borne Insects Savera @7-8 Ml/kg Seed, Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water

2 Soil Treatment Termite & Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad CastingTermite- Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8kg / Acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10kg/acre, Sriculan Gold @ 7.5-10 kg/acre. Furarus@13kg/acre. Nematode -

3 Germination(3-4 DAS) Weed Control. Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre SprayWeed Control- Penda Power @ 750 ml/acre,

4 Seedling White Fly, Aphid, SprayWhite Fly, Aphid, Jassid and Leaf Minor Establishment Jassid, Leaf Hopper. - Shaan @ 250gm/acre, Prize @ 8o-100gm/acre, (20-25 DAS) Kranti50 @ 250-400gm/acre. Spine @ 250 gm/acre, Sitara @ 100gm/acre, Plant Growth & Nutrition - Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre, Picaso Gold @ 250 ml/acre, Indo Pradhan @ 1kg/acre

5 Vegetative Leaf Blight, Wilt, Rust . SprayLeaf Blight, Wilt, Rust - Growth Wind @ 100gm/acre, (30-40 DAS) Acer @ 250gm/acre, Tango Super @ 100ml/acre, Remote Power @ 250gm/acre. Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30gm/acre, Refery @ 240-300 ml/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition Gajab Ultra @ 250ml/acre, Picaso Gold @ 250ml/acre, Indo Biogold @ 100-150gm/acre

6 Vegetative Heliothis, Moth SprayHeliothis, Moth- Growth Dominator @ 100 gm/ acre, (50-55 DAS) Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Srigent Plus @ 250-300 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition - Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre, Picaso Gold @ 250 ml/acre, Indo Biogold @ 100-150 gm/acre

PEPPERMINT

42


Aphid

Cynodon dactylon

Euphorbia geniculata Heliothis

Jassid

Leaf hopperRust

Sorghum halepense

Termite

Verticillum wiltYellow spot

White fly

43

KRISHI MITRA - 2017


1. Seed Treatment Seed borne Diseases Savera @7-8 Ml/kg Seed, Semi Dry And Soil borne Insects Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/kg Seed Application Rexcel Ds @ 2.5 gm/kg Seed

2 Soil Health And Termite & Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite- Treatment Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre Nematode -

3 Germination (4-5 DAS) Weed Control Penda Power @ 1.5 Ltr./acre, Spray Penda Shree @ 2 Ltr/acre

4 Crown Root Initiation Weed Control Jai Ho @ 160 gm/acre, SprayWeed Control - (21-25 DAS) Weeder @ 13.5 gm/acre, Alto @ 8gm/acre, Plant Growth & Nutrition Pradhan @ 1kg/acre, Picaso Gold @ 200 ml/acre

5 Active Tillering To Armyworm, Aphid, Armyworm, Aphid, Jassid & Termite- Flag Leaf Stage To Jassid & Termite Kranti 4g @ 7.5-10 kg/acre, Jointing Stage Baton @ 250-300ml/acre, (30-60 DAS) Twins @ 70-80 gm Sitara @ 100 gm/acre, Spine@ 250 ml/acre Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Jagromin 99@ 2ml/ltr. Water, Sona Shree Gold @ 250 gm/acre

6 Heading To Spike Armyworm, Aphid, Jassid, Loose Smut, Rust - Emergance Loose Smut, Rust, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, (65-105 DAS) Buzzer @ 200 gm/acre, Figon @ 250-300 ml/acre, Acer @ 250 gm/acre, Srizole @ 300-400 ml/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition - Gajab Ultra @250 ml/acre, Picaso Gold @ 200 ml/acre, Jagromin 99 @ 200-250 ml/acre

7 Soft Dough And Armyworm, Aphid, Jassid, Repeat The Above Spray, Spray Hard Dough Loose Smut, Rust, Aman @ 250gm/acre And (100-110 DAS) Bactro Plus Gold @ 20 gm /acre For Better Quality Seed and Seed borne Diseases Control.

8 Physiological Brown Plant Hopper, Repeat The Above Spray, Spray Maturity Neck Blast, Leaf Hopper, (110-120 DAS) Leaf Spot,

44

WHEATINDOGULF CORPSCIENCES LTD.


Anagallis arvensis Chenopodium album Convolvulus arvensis

Phalais minor Medicago denticulate Aphid

Armyworm Termite

Brown rust Yellow rust Loose smut

Karnal bunt Nematode

45

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

POTATO Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/Diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods

1 Tuber Treatment Seed Borne Diseases Acer @ 1-2 gm/ltr. Water, Spray Over And Soil Borne Insects Savera @4-5 ml/ltr. Water, Tuber Indo Biogold @ 2-3 gm/ltr. Water

2 Soil Treatment Termite, Nematode And Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite- Wilt Diseases And Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Soil Conditioning Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, And Health Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre.Nematode - Acer @ 250-400 gm/acre,Wilt - Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre."

3 Sprout Weed Control Penda Shree @ 1 Ltr./acre, Spray Development Penda Power @ 750 ml/acre, Fire @ 1 Ltr./acre, (between Rows Only) Trick @ 150 gm/acre."

4 Vegetative Aphid, Jassid, Thrips, SprayAphid, Jassid & Leaf Hopper, Growth Leaf Hopper, Early Blight White Fly & Thrips - (15-20 DAP) Srigent @250 ml/acre, Twins - 70-80 gm/acre Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre, Sitara@ 100 gm/acre Shaan @ 250gm/acre, Kranti 50 @ 250 gm/acre. Plant Growth, Nutrition & Stress Management Picaso Gold @2-2.5 ml/acre, Pradhan @ 1kg/acre, Indo Biogold @ 150-200 gm/acre"

5 Tube Initiation Early Blight, Powdery Acer @ 250 gm/acre, SprayEarly Blight - (30-40 DAP) Mildew, Leaf Spot, Mite, Figon @ 250 ml/acre, White Grub, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre . Srilaxyl @300-350 gm/acre,Powdery Mildew- Srilaxyl @ 250 gm/acre, Refrey@ 300 ml/acre, Wind @ 100 gm/acre Alishan Super 1.5-2 Ml/ltr Water. Mite - Twins @ 150 gm/acre,White Grub - Srigent GR @ 7.5 -100 kg/acre"

6 Tuber Bulking Late Blight, Aphid, Repeat The Spray As Per Spray (60-70 DAP) White Fly Recommended Above, Plant Growth Regulator - Gajab Ultra @ 2ml/ltr. Water, Gajab @ 5 gm/acre"

7 Maturation Late Blight, Aphid, Repeat The Spray As Per White Fly Recommended Above Ruspon @200 ml/acre

46



Convolvulus arvensis Cynodon dactylon Echinochloa

Aphid Armyworm White �y

White grub Blacvk scruf Early blight

Late blight Powdery Mildew Viral diseases

47

KRISHI MITRA - 2017


1 Seed Treatment Seed Borne Diseases Acer @ 2-2.5gm/ 100 gm Seed, Seed Soaking And Soil Borne Insects Savera @4-5 Ml/ 100 gm Seed, Indo Biogold @ 5 gm/ 100 gm Seed

2 Soil Treatment Termite, Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite- And Wilt Diseases Soil Health -root O Max Gold @ 8kg /acre, Method Indo Mycorrhiza @ 8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre.Nematode - Acer @ 250-400 gm/acre,Root Rot & Wilt - Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 40-60 gm/acre.

3 Germination Weed Control. Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre SprayWeed Control- (5-6 DAS) Damping Off Penda Power @ 750 ml/acre, Aman @ 250 gm/acre, Damping Off - Remote Power @ 250 gm/aacre, Buzzer @ 200 gm/acre, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre

4 Seedling White Fly, Aphid, Shaan @ 250 gm/acre, SprayWhite Fly - Establishment Jassid, Leaf Hopper, Prize @ 8o-100 gm/acre + (20-25 DAS) Anthracnose Kranti50 SP @ 200 gm/acre Or Spine @ 200 ml/acre, Aphid, Jassid And Leaf Miner - Sitara @ 100 gm/acre, Twins @ 70-80 gm/acre Wind @ 100 gm/acre,Anthracnose - Acer @ 250 gm/acre, Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 40-50 gm/acre, Plant Growth & Nutrition - Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre, Picaso Gold @ 250 ml/acre

5 Vegetative Tobacco Caterpiller, SprayTobacco Caterpillar - Growth Bacterial Leaf Spot, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, (30-40 DAS) Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Dawn 7000 @ 25-30 gm/acre,Mealy Bug- Spine @ 250 ml/acre

6 Flowering And White Fly, Aphid, Jassid, SprayAphid, Jassid & Leaf Hopper & Thrips - (40-50 DAS) Leaf Hopper,thrips, Srigent @ 250 ml/acre, Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Mite, Antracnose, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre, Bacterial Leaf Blight. Sitara@ 100 gm/acre, Viral Diseases Leaf Spot & Powdery Mildew - Wind @ 100 gm/acre, Acer @ 250gm/acre, Refery @ 240-300 ml/acre, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, Remote Power @ 250 gm/acre. Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre, Control White Fly and Apply Viral Diseases - Indo Indo Biogold @ 1.5-2 gm/ltr. Water & Gazab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre, Alishan Super 1.5-2 Ml/10 Ltr. Water Mite -

7 Maturation Fruit Borer, Tobacco SprayFruit Borer & Tobacco Caterpillar - (60-70 DAS) Caterpiller Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre, Plant Growth & Nutrition - Bio Gold @ 1.5-2 ml/acre, Picaso Gold @ 250 ml/acre

CHILLI

48


Fruit borerWilt Aphid

ThripsDactyloctenium aegyptium Tobacco caterpiller

Cynodone dactylon Echinochloa crusgalli

Bacterial leaf spotDamping off Anthracnose

49

KRISHI MITRA - 2017



2 Soil Health Termite, Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite- And Treatment Srigent GR @ 7.5-10 kg/acre. Method Root O Max Gold @ 8kg /acre,Soil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre Nematode -

3 Nursery Damping Off Tango Super @ 1ml/ltr Water, Spray Acer@ 2.5gm/ltr. Water, Srilaxyl 35 @ 2 gm/ltr. Water Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1.5-2 gm/ Ltr. Water

4 Transplanting(3-5 DAT) Weed Control Penda Shree @ 1 Ltr./acre, SprayWeed Control - Penda Power @ 750 ml/acre

5 Vegetative Growth Aphid, Jassid, Thrips Aphid, Jassid & Thrips - (25-30 DAT) Twins @ 70-80 gm/acre, Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre, Sitara@ 100 gm/acre. Plant Growth Regulator & Nutrition Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Sriculan Gold @ 5-8 kg/acre Sona Shree Gold @ 250 gm/acre

6 Floweering Downey Mildew, Black Rot, - Srilaxyl @ 2-2.5 ml/acre, SprayDowney Mildew (35-45 DAT) Soft Rot, Diamond Back Moth, Srilaxyl 35 @ 150 -200 gm/acre, Butter Fly . Jannat @ 250 gm/acre. Aman @ 250gm/acre,Black Rot & Soft Rot - Aman @ 250-400 gm/acre, Diamond Back Moth, Butter Fly - Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Kranti 50 SP @ 250-300 gm/acre Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre, Kranti 4g @ 7.5- 10 kg/acre . Plant Growth Regulator & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Sona Shree Gold @ 250 gm/acre

7 Fruiting Cauli�ower & Cabbage SprayCauli�ower & Cabbage Worm- (50-60 DAS) Worm Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Srigent Plus @ 250-300 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre, Kranti 4g @ 7.5- 10 kg/acre .

COLE CROP

50


Bacerial Soft RotWorm Butter�y Dactyloctenium Aegyptium

AphidDiamond Back Moth

Cynodone dactylon Echinochloa crusgalli

Back moth caterpillerSpodopetra

Black rotDowney mildew Sorghum halepense

51

KRISHI MITRA - 2017


1 Seed Treatment Seed Borne Diseases Acer @ 2-2.5gm/100 gm Seed, Seed Soaking And Soil Borne Insects Savera @4-5 Ml/100 gm Seed, Indo Biogold @ 2 gm/100 gm Seed,

2 Soil Treatment Termite & White Grub, Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad CastingTermite- Nematode Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre,Soil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Sriculan Gold @ 7.5- 10 kg/acre Furarus@13kg/acre. Nematode -

3 Redical & Flag Weed Control, Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre SprayWeed Control- Leaf Emergance Damping Off Penda Power @ 700 ml/acre, (10-30 DAS) Tango Super @ 200 ml/acre, Damping Off - Acer @ 2.5 gm/ltr. Water, Srilaxyl 35 @ 100-150 gm/acre Refery @ 2.4-3 ml/ltr. Water . Plant Growth & Nutrition- Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water, Gajab Ultra @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water Broadcasting

4 One Or Two Thrips, Maggots, Twins @ 70-80 gm/acre, Spray True Leaves Downy Mildew, Spine @ 250 ml/acre, (30-50 DAS) To Purple Blotch, White Grub, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre, Eight To Twelve Cutworm, Spodoptera. Sitara @ 100 gm/acre, True Leaves Kranti 50 Sp@ 250 gm/acre. Bulb Initiation Refery @ 240-300 ml/acre,Purple Blotch - (90-110 DAS) Tango Super @ 200 ml/acre, Buzzer @ 200 ml/acre, Remote Power @ 250-300 gm/acre. Plant Growth Nutrition- Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water, Jagromin 99 @ 500-600 ml/acre, Bloom Flower N @ 300-400 ml/acre

5 Bulb Diameter Downy Mildew, Acer @ 250 gm/acre, SprayDowny Mildew - 2.5-4.0 cm Purple Blotch, White Grub, Srilaxyle @ 250-400 Ml, (110-130 DAS) to Cutworm, Spodoptera Buzzer @ 300 ml/acre, Purple Blotch - Bulb Diameter Cutworm, Spodoptera- >7.5 cm Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, (150-170 DAS) Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Kranti 4g @7.5-10 kg/acre Broadcasting

6 Bulb Emergance SprayPlant Growth Hormones- Complete Over Gajab Ultra @ 2 ml/ltr. Water, 50% (170 DAS) Ruspone @ 1-1.5 Ml/ Ltr. Water

ONION

52


Yellow spot Thrips Thrips damage

White grub Seed and Root maggot Bacterial soft rot

Damping off Euphorbia geniculata Cynodon dactylon

Purple blotch Cyanotis axillaris

Cutworm Sorghum halepenseDowny mildew

53

KRISHI MITRA - 2017


1 Seed Treatment Seed Borne Diseases Acer @ 2-2.5gm/100gm Seed, Seed Soaking and Soil Borne Insects Savera @4-5 gm/100gm Seed, Indo Biogold @ 2 gm/100gm Seed

2 Soil Treatment Termite, Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad CastingTermite- and Wilt Diseases Root O Max Gold @ 4-8kg /acre, MethodSoil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre.Nematode - Aman @ 250-400 gm/acre,Root Rot & Wilt - Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre.

3 Germination Weed Control. Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre SprayWeed Control- (5-6 DAS) Damping Off Penda Power @ 750 ml/acre, Aman @ 250 gm/acre , Damping Off - Remote Power @ 250 gm/aacre , Buzzer @ 200 gm/acre, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre

4 Seedling White Fly , Aphid , SprayWhite Fly , Aphid , Jassid And Leaf Minor - Establishment Jassid, Leaf Hopper, Shaan @ 250 gm/acre, Prize @ 80-100 gm/acre, (20-25 DAS) Early Blight , Kranti 50 SP @ 250-400 gm/acre. Anthracnose Spine @ 250 gm/acre, Aphid , Jassid And Leaf Minor- Sitara @ 100 gm/acre , Twins @ 70-80 gm/acre Anthracnose & Early Blight - Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, Buzzer @ 200 gm/acre , Figon @ 350 ml/acre, Wind @ 100 gm/acre, Acer @ 250 gm/acre , Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre , Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 250 ml/acre

5 Vegetative Tobacco Caterpiller, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, SprayTobacco Caterpiller - Growth Bacterial Leaf Spot, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, (30-40 DAS) Powdery Mildew Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Powdery Mildew @ Bacterial Leaf Spot - Kargill WDG @ 7-10 Kg, Kargill N @ 1 kg/acre Wind @ 100 gm/acre, Remote Power @ 250 gm/acre

6 Flowering and White Fly , Aphid , Aphid , Jassid & Leaf Hopper & Thrips - (40-50 DAS) Jassid, Leaf Hopper, Srigent @ 250 ml/acre , Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Thrips ,mite , Antracnose, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre , Late Blight, Bacterial Sitara @ 100 gm/acre. Leaf Blight. SprayAntracnose, Late Blight, Bactrial Leaf Spot - Viral Diseases Wind @ 100 gm/acre , Acer @ 250gm/acre, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, Remote Power @ 250 gm/acre. Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre , Viral Diseases - Control White Fly and Apply Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre , Biogold@ 1.5-2 gm/ltr. Water , Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre Alishan Super 1.5-2 Ml/10 Ltr. Water Mite -

7 Maturation Fruit Borer , Tobacco Spray Fruit Borer & Tobacco Caterpiller - (60-70 DAS) Caterpiller Dominator @ 100gm/acre Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Gajab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre , Plant Growth Promotor - Picaso Gold @ 250 ml/acre

TOMATO

54


Stem rot

Echinochloa crusgalli Jassid

Moasic virus

White FlyWilt

Mite

Fruit Borer

Late blight

Dactyloctenium aegyptium AphidDamping off

Powdery mildew Early_blight_Cynodone dactylon

55

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

BRINJAL Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/Diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods


2 Soil Health And Termite, Nematode Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad Casting Termite- Treatment Srigent GR @ 7.5-10 kg/acre. Method Root O Max Gold @ 8kg /acre,Soil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 8 kg/acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Furarus@13kg/acre Nematode -

3 Nursery Damping Off Tango Super @ 1ml/ltr Water, Spray Acer@ 2.5gm/ltr. Water, Srilaxyl 35 @ 2 gm/ltr. Water Plant Growth & Nutrition Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1.5-2 gm/ Ltr. Water.

4 Transplanting Weed Control Penda Shree @ 1 Ltr./acre, SprayWeed Control - (3-5 DAT) Penda Power @ 750 ml/acre

5 Vegetative Growth Stem Borer, Thrips, Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, SprayStem Borer - ( 25-30 DAT) Bacterial Blight, Leaf Spot Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Kranti 50 SP @ 250-300 gm/acer Baton 250-350 ml/acre, Kranti 4g @ 7.5- 10 kg/acre, Wind @ 100 gm/acre,Bacterial Blight & Leaf Spot- Tango Super @ 200 ml/acre, Refery @ 240-300 ml/acre, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 gm/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Gazab Ultra @ 250 ml/acre

6 Grand Vegetative Mite, Spotted Beetle, Alishan Super @ 1.5-2 Ml/10 Ltr. waterMite - Growth (35-45 DAT) Aphid, Thrips & Jassid - Baton 250-350 ml/acre,Spotted Beetle Kranti 4g @ 7.5- 10 kg/acre . Twins @ 70-80 gm/acre, Aphid, Jassid & Thrips- Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre, Sitara@ 100 gm/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Sona Shree Gold @ 250 gm/acre

7. Flowering Shoot Borer, Fruit Borer, SprayShoot Borer & Fruit Borer - (45-60 DAT) Collor Rot Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre, Kranti 4g @ 7.5- 10 kg/acre ., Kranti 50sp @ 250-300 gm/acre, Aman @ 250-400 gm/acre,Collor Rot - Remote Power @ 250-400 gm/acre, Tango Super @ 200 ml/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1.5-2 gm/ Ltr. Water.

8. Fruiting Shoot Borer, Fruit Borer, SprayShoot Borer & Fruit Borer - (65-70 DAT) Phomosis Dominator @ 100 gm/acre, Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Kranti 50sp @ 250-300 gm/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre, Kranti 4g @ 7.5- 10 kg/acre . Acer @ 250 gm/acre,Phomosis- Tango Super @ 200 ml/acre,

56



AphidBrinjal fruit borer Collar rot

MiteStem Borer Echinochloa Crusgalli

Leaf spotDamping off Cynodone dactylon

Jassid

Dactyloctenium aegyptiumSpotted beetle

57

KRISHI MITRA - 2017


1 Before Flowering Termite, Mealy Bug, Twins @ 150gm/150 Ltr. Water, SprayTermite - (december-january Flower Webber. Sriculan Gr @ 100-1500 gm/plant Month) Rusban & L-drint @ 100-150 Ml/plant, Mealy Bug - Dawn 7000 @ 25-30 gm/acre, Srigent Plus @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Webber /Mite - Alishan Super @ 1.5 -2 Ml/10 Ltr. Water, Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water, Sriculan Gold @ 5-7 kg/acre

2 Flowering Time Mango Hopper, Dawn 2000 @ 1-1.25 ml/ltr. Water, SprayMango Hopper - (before 15 February) Flower Webber Srigent @ 250 ml/acre, Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Sitara@ 100 gm/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition - Zinc Super Gold @ 100-150 gm, Kargil Df @ 1 ml/ltr. Water, Ruspon @ 0.25-0.5 ml/ltr. Water

3 After Flowering Mango Malformation SprayPowdary Mildew/ Malformation- (after 15 February ) Powdary Mildew, Nector Plus @ 1ml/ltr. Water, Wind @ 1 ml/ltr. Water, Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-25 gm/100 Ltr. Water . Refery @ 2.4-3 ml/ltr. Water, Tango Super @ 2 ml/ltr. Water . Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water, Jagromin 99 @ 500-600 ml/acre,

4 Fruit Setting Bud Mite, SprayPowdary Mildew/ Malformation- Stage (before Anthracnose, Nector Plus @ 1ml/ltr. Water, 15 March ) Powdary Mildew Figon @ 1-1.5 ml/ltr. Water, Wind @ 1 ml/ltr. Water, Aman @ 2.5 gm/acre Tango Super @1.5 - 2 ml/ltr. Water,Anthracnose - Refery @ 2.4-3 Ml/lyr. Water, Acer @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water. Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water, Jagromin 99 @ 500-600 ml/acre, Bloom Flower N @ 300-400 ml/acre

5 Fruit Setting Gall Midge, Shree M 45 @ 250 gm/acre, SprayDowny Mildew- Stage ( 15 March Leaf Feeder, Mealy Bug Srilaxyle @ 250-400 Ml, To 15 April ) Dominator @ 100 gm/acre,Leaf Feeder / Mealy Bug - Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acre, Srigent Plus @ 250-300 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre. Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water, Jagromin 99 @ 500-600 ml/acre

6 Fruit Setting Gall Midge And SprayGall Midge and Fruit Fly - Stage (after 15 April ) Fruit Fly Dawn 7000 @ 1.5-2 gm/ltr. Water Monorus @ 1.5-2 ml/ltr. Water, Plant Growth & Nutrition - Picaso Gold @ 2.5 ml/ltr. Water, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water, Jagromin 99 @ 500-600 ml/acre,

MANGO

58



Anthracnose on fruitMite Mango hopper

Anthracnose Powdery mildew

Gall midge Mealy bug

Die Back Mango malformation

59

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Sr. No. Crop Stage Insect/diseases Product Application Recommendation Methods

1 Seed Treatment Seed Borne Diseases and Acer @ 2-2.5 gm/kg Seed Seed Soaking, Soil Borne Insects Savera @7-8 ml/kg Seed, Indo Biogold @ 1-1.5 gm/ltr. Water

2 Soil Treatment Termite & White Grub, - Twins @ 150gm/acre, Broad CastingTermite & White Grub Nematode Srigent GR @ 7.5 -10 kg/acre Root O Max Gold @ 4-8 kg /acre,Soil Health - Indo Mycorrhiza @ 4-8 kg / Acre, Zinc Super Gold @ 5-10 kg/acre, Bioking @ 10-12 kg/acre , Furarus@13kg/acre Nematode -

3 Germination Weed Control Penda Shree @ 1ltr. /acre Folier SprayWeed Control- Penda Power @ 700 ml/acre,

4 Leaf Production Aphid , Jassid, Root Rot Folier SprayAphid , Jassid & Leaf Hopper & Thrips - Srigent @ 250 ml/acre , Spine @ 250 ml/acre, Dawn Super @ 100-125 ml/acre , Sitara @ 100 gm/acre. Aman @ 250- 400 gm/acre ,Root Rot - Remote Power@ 250 -400 gm/acre Plant Growth Regulator and Micronutrients- Picaso Gold @ 2-2.5 ml/ltr. Water , Indo Biogold @ 1.5-2 gm/ Ltr. Water, Indo Pardhan @ 1 Kg/acre

5 Bud Development White Fly , Aphid, Shaan @ 250 gm/acre, Folier SprayWhite Fly - & Floral Initiation Jassid , Pod Borer. Anmol @ 400 gm/acre, Prize @ 8o-100 gm/acre, Kranti50 @ 250-400 gm/acre. Dominator @ 100 gm/acre,Pod Borer - Parker @ 450 ml/acre, Corsa @ 450 ml/acer, Srigent Plus @ 250-300 ml/acre, Baton 250-350 ml/acre.

6 Flowering Mite, Pod Borer, Folier SprayCercospora Leaf Spot, Alternaria Leaf Spot - Cercospora Leaf Spot, Wind @ 100 gm/acre , Alternaria Leaf Spot, Acer @ 250 gm/acre, Root Rot, Tango Super @ 100 ml/acre, Viral Diseases Remote Power @ 250 gm/acre. Control White Fly and Apply Viral Diseases - Bactro Plus Gold @ 20-30 Gm/acre, Biogold@ 1.5-2 Gm/ltr. Water , Alishan Super @ 1.5- 2 Ml/10 Ltr. Water Mite -

7 Pod Formation Mite, Cercospora Folier SprayMite, Cercospora Leaf Spot, Alternaria Leaf Spot, Alternaria Leaf Spot- repeat The Above Spray, Leaf Spot, Powdery Wind @ 100 Gm/acre,Powdery Mildew - Mildew, Root Rot Kargill Df- 7.5- 10 Kg / Acre, Kargil N @ 1 Kg/acre , Buzzer @ 200 Gm/acre. Plant Growth Nutrition Gajab Ultra @ 2.5 Ml/ltr. Water

PULSES

Use Ankur Gold @ 5ml / 15 Ltr. Spray Solution for Increasing Effectiveness Of The Agro Chemical60


Root rot

Aphid

Chloris barbata Alternaria leaf spot

Powdery mildew

Cercospora leaf spotThrip

Pod borer

Mite

Cyperus rotundusYellow mosaic virus

Trianthema portulacastrum

Amaranthus viridis

Jassid

61

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

ROOT-O-MAX GOLDROOT-O-MAX GOLD

Root-O-Max Gold is a New generation Granular Rooting Stimulant and Soil Conditioner that provides all the elements necessary for the root initiation, vegetative and reproductive growth of the plant.

It is manufactured by processing of Rare Seaweeds using advanced technology and is fortified with minerals such as Iron, Zinc and Sulphur.

Benefits

Ÿ Stimulates Root Development by providing the necessary nutrients and Plant Growth Hormones necessary for Rapid Root development.

Ÿ Enables early establishment of plant :-Better No. of tillers, Green Foliage due to production of Chlorophyll.

Ÿ Conditions the soil by stabilising the soil structure and increasing the water holding capacity of the plant.

Ÿ Protects Plants from Biotic and Abiotic Stress (Excessively High or Low temperature, Water Logging, Drought, frost etc)

Field crops - 4-5 Kg per acres

(Wheat, Paddy, Pulses, Oil Seeds etc.)

Vegetables & commercial crops - 8-10 Kg per acre

Sugarcane - 8-10 kg per acre

Cotton - 8-10 kg per acre

Flowers - 15 kg per acre

Lawn & Kitchen Garden - 2-3 gms per square meter

Plantation crops - 100-250 gms per tree based on age

Usage- Recommended quantity to be applied as basal dressing. It can also be used in standing

crop mixed with Fertilizers

CROPS DOSAGE

GROWTH PARTNER OF YOUR CROPS

High Yield Best Quality Soil Conditioner

62

Features

Ÿ It Helps in Breakdown of complex Protients and Carbohydrates and absorption of Nitrogen from the soil

Ÿ It enhances immunity of the plant against insect pests and diseases and its use enhances the quality of the produce

Ÿ It enhances the Flowering and Fruiting and prevents fruit drop

Ÿ It increases the Fertiliser Use Efficiency.

Use Instructions

Ÿ 250 ml per acre Picasso Gold in 120 -150 lit water

Ÿ Use after 25-30 days after sowing and rrepeat 15 days after the first spray.

Ÿ Crops- it can be used on all crops such as Cereals, Vegetables, Pulses, Oilseeds, O r c h a r d s , P l a n t a t i o n , F l o w e r a n d Landscaping and Home Gardening etc.

Approved by

ECOCERTINPUTS

Approved input for organic farming as per NPOP standards

Attested by Ecocert India Pvt. Ltd. (NPOP/NAB/002)

For Golden Harvest and ProsperityPicaso Gold is a Liquid Formulation of Major and Micro Nutrients essential for plant Growth and Production

Ÿ It is in Chelated form for easy and complete availability to the plant.

Ÿ Picasso Gold is Manufactured using Latest Production Techniques

with

Picaso Gold

without

Picaso Gold

Mb

Fe

B

Zn

Mn

Chelated Micro Nutrients

Bumper Harvest Growth Immunity

63

Ankur Gold is a new Generation Silicone Based Multipurpose Super Spreader and Activator, that can be used to enhance the performance of any Insecticide, Fungicide, Herbicide, Water Soluble Fertilizer or Plant Growth Regulator

FeaturesŸ It rapidly spreads the spray droplets on the leaf surface to make a uniform layer on the leaf

Ÿ It reduces wastage of Spray Liquid, water and Spraying cost.

Ÿ Ensures that every spray is effective and reliable within a few minutes of spraying, thus providing complete peace of mind to the farmer even during rains

Ÿ It is Non Ionic in Nature, and hence doesn’t change the nature of any Agrochemical. Therefore can be mixed with all agrochemicals

Ÿ It is for more effective than ordinary surfactants and sticking agents

Ÿ It also enhances spread of irrigation water, thus making the use of water more efficient

How to UseŸ Fill the tank 90% with Agrochemical Mixture as

per the product Label, Add @ 2-3 ml Ankur goldper liter of spray solution. Mix well and then top up the spray tank

QuantityŸ 4-8 ml per 15 Lit Spray tank or 60-100 ml per acre

mixed with 10 Kg sand for Irrigation water spreading

Enhances the Performance of every spray(A Multipurpose Silicone based Super Spreader and activator)

With Ankur GoldWith Ankur GoldWithout Ankur GoldWithout Ankur Gold

64

Can be applied in all crops and with all Agro Chemicals

What is Biogold??• Superior combination of Cold water seaweeds taken from exclusive sources and

processed with latest technology. It is 100 % Water soluble

• Provides full balanced spectrum of nutrients ( Micro and Macro) readily for plants

• It is an excellent Soil Conditioner

• Contains Natural Plant Growth Regulators- Cytokinins, Giberellins, Malatonin, Zeatin and Polyscccharides

• It is Effective for Seed Treatment, Soil Application as well as Foliar spray.

• It can be applied in all crops- Cereals, Pulses, Oilseeds, Vegetables, Fruits and Plantation crops.

Advantages• Increases the germination percentage and yield of crop.

• Enlarge and Balance Leaf growth,

• Improve Biotic and Abiotic Stress resistant capability.

• Promote flower bud differentiation, improve blossom and fruit set rate, increase yield and quality of crops, make fruit pre-mature 3 or 7 days and prolong the shelf life, provides uniform coloration and size of fruits

How to applySeed Dressing :

• For seeds with higher Seed rate e.g. Wheat, Rice, Pea, gram etc- use 1 gm Biogold per kg seed.

• For small to medium sized seed, use 15-20 gm for seed per kg seed

• For tubers, Sugarcane and seedling dip, use a slurry containing 5

• 10-20 gm Biogold per lit water.

Foliar spray

• use 100 gm Biogold after 15-20 days of sowing/planting and repeat after 10-15 days.

Drip-

• Use 0.5-1 gm per lit pf water applied through drip.

• In case of Phytotoxicity, use Biogold @ 200 gm per acre and repeat after 7 days.

CompatibilityBiogold can be mixed with any Fungicide, Insecticide or fertiliser. For best results, use Ankur gold for ensuring quick absorption in the plant system

BiogoldOrganic Sea weed soluble granules

Approved by

ECOCERTINPUTS

65

ACERCarbendazim 12%+Mancozeb 63% WP

ALISHAN SUPER(Bio-Extract)

INDOGULF ALTOMetsulfuron Methyl 20% WP

INDOGULF ANMOL

Diafenthiuron 50% WP

AMANThiophanate

Methyl 70% WP

BACTROPLUS GOLD

Immuno Modulator

BATONLambda

Cyhalothrin 4.9% CS

BLUNTBuprofezin 25% SC

BUZZERDifenconazole 25% EC

CORSAProfenofos 40%EC +Cypermethrin 4%EC

DAWN SUPERImidacloprid 30.5% SC

DOMINATOREmamectin Benzoate

5% SG

FIGONTebuconazole 25.9 EC

DAWN 2000Imidacloprid 30.5% SC

FURARUSCarbofuran 3% CG

JAGROMIN 99Micronutrient Mixture

INDO BIOGOLDOrganic Manure

GAJAB ULTRAGibberellic Acid 0.001% L

INDO MYCHORIZA

Mycorrhiza

JANNAT(Propineb 70% WP)

KARGIL-NSulphur 80% WDG

KRANTI-4GCartap Hydrochloride

4% GR

DAWN-7000Imidacloprid 70% WG

INDOGULF SITARA

Thiomethoxam 25% WG

KRANTI-50Cartap

Hydrochloride 50% SP

66

KARGIL DFSulphur 80% WDG

MONORUSMonocrotophos 36% SL

NECTOR PLUSHexaconazole 5% SC

PARKERTriazophos 35% +

Deltamethrin 1% EC

PENDA POWERPendimethalin 38.7% CS

PENDA SHREEPendimethalin 30% EC

PRADHANN.P.K. 19:19:19

PRIZEAcetamiprid 20% SP

REFERY Azoxystrobin 11% +

Tebuconazole 18.3% SC

REMOTE POWERCaptan 70% WP +

Hexaconazole 5% WP

ROGORUSDimethoate 30% EC

RUSPONEthephon 39% SL

SANDESHIsoprothiolane 40% EC

SAVERAThiomethoxam 30% FS

SHAANDiafenthiuron 50% WP

SHAKTIBANImazethapyr 10% SL

SONA SHREEGOLD

Zinc 12% (Chelated) EDTA

SPINEBifenthrin 10% EC

SRIGENT PLUSFipronil 5% SC

SRILAXYLMetalaxyl 8% +

Mancozeb 64% WP

SRIZOLPropiconazole 25% EC

TANGO SUPERPropiconazole 13.9% + Difenconazole 13.9% EC

INDO TWINSFipronil 40% +

Imidacloprid 40% WG

WEEDERSulfosulfuron 75% -

with Surfactant

WINDMyclobutanil 10% WP

ZINC SUPER GOLD

Micronutrient Mixture

67

Stressed cell Not stressed cell

DNA damage

Endoplasmic reticulum damage

Cell membrane damage

The loss of cell compartments and

disruption of all cell function lead

to cell death

Vacuole damageVacuole

DNA

Endoplasmic reticulum

Cell membrane

PLANT STRESSAny unfavorable condition or substance that affects or blocks a plants metabolism, growth or development (Kranner et al., 2010).

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen. ROS form as a natural byproduct of the normal metabolism and have important roles in intracellular signaling cascades. Under stress conditions, ROS levels can increase dramatically. This may result in signi�cant damage to cell structures.

At Cellular Level

STRE

SS STRESS

HIGH TEMPERATURE

LOW TEMPERATURE

DROUGHT

FLOODING

NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

DISEASES AND INSECTS

WEEDS

CHEMICAL OVERAPPLICATION

COMMON RESPONSEROS PRODUCTION

O *2

SuperoxideH O2 2

HydrogenPeroxide

*OHHydroxylRadical

At The Plant LevelTissue Damage. Comparison of Control and Treated leaves

Cross section of leaf under stress Cross section of leaf after control of stress

Cells damaged by excessive production of ROS lose their structure and functions and can not support functions of the whole leaf leading to disruption of the whole plant physiology. If this disruption occurs during critical stages of plant growth and development like flowering or fruit set it may lead to flower or fruit abortions resulting in severe yield reduction.

Sea Weed Extracts help to protect plants from overproduction of ROS keeping cells healthy and supporting functions of the whole leaf and the physiology of the whole plant.

Closed stoma Stoma

68


Safe Use of Pesticides by The Farmers While Purchasing, Handling and Use

While Purchasing

ü Purchase pesticides/biopesticides only from Registered pesticide dealers having valid Licence. Do not purchase pesticides from foot path dealers or from un-licenced person.

ü Purchase only just required quantity of pesticides for single operation in a speci�ed area. Do not purchase pesticide in bulk for whole season.

ü See approved labels on the containers/packets of pesticides. Do not purchase pesticides without approved label on the containers.

ü See Batch No., Registration Number, Date of Manufacture/ Expiry on the labels. Never purchase expired pesticide.

ü�Purchase pesticides well packed in containers. Do not purchase pesticides whose containers are leaking/loose/ unsealed.

During Storage

ü Store the pesticides away from house premises. Never store pesticide in house premises.

ü Keep pesticides in original containers. Never transfer pesticides from original to another containers.

ü Pesticides/weedicides must be stored separately. Do not store insecticides with weedicides.

ü Where pesticides have been stored, area should be marked with warning signs.

ü Pesticides be stored away from the reach of the children and live stocks. Do not allow children to enter the storage place.

ü Storage place should be well protected from direct sunlight and rain. Pesticides should not be exposed to sunlight or rain water.

While Handling

ü Keep pesticides separate during transportation. Never carry/transport pesticides along with food/fodder/other eatable articles.

ü Bulk pesticides should be carried tactfully to the site of application. Never carry bulk pesticides on head, shoulder or on the back.

While Preparing Spray Solution

ü� Always use clean water. Do not use muddy or stagnant water.

ü Use protective clothing viz., hand gloves, face masks, cap, apron, full trouser, etc. to cover whole body. Never prepare spray solution without wearing protective clothings.

ü Always protect your nose, eyes, ears, hands, etc. from spill of spray solution. Do not allow the pesticide/its solution to fall on any body parts.

ü Read instructions on pesticide container label carefully before use. Never avoid reading instructions on container's label for use.

ü Prepare the solution as per requirement. Never use left out spray solution after 24 hours of its preparation.

ü Granular pesticides should be used as such. Do not mix granules with water.

ü Avoid spilling of pesticides solutions while �lling the spray tank. Do not smell the spray tank.

ü Always use recommended dosage of pesticide. Do not use overdose which may affect plant health and environment.

ü No activities should be carried out which may affect your health. Do not eat, drink, smoke or chew during whole operation of pesticides.

69


Selection of Equipments

ü�Select right kind of equipments. Do not use leaky or defective equipments.

ü Select right sized nozzles. Do not use defective/non- recommended nozzles. Do not blow/clean clogged nozzles with mouth. Instead use tooth brush tied with sprayer.

ü Use separate sprayer for insecticides and weedicides. Never use same sprayer for both weedicides and insecticides.

While Applying Spray Solutions

ü Apply only recommended dose and dilution. Never apply over-dose and high concentrations than recommended.

ü Spray operation should be conducted on cool and calm day. Do not spray on hot sunny day or strong windy conditions.

ü Spray operation should be conducted on sunny day in general. Do not spray just before rains and immediately after the rains.

ü Use recommended sprayer for each spray. Emulsi�able concentrate formulations should not be used for spraying with battery operated ULV sprayer.

ü� Spray operation should be conducted in the wind direction. Do not spray against wind direction.

ü After spray operation, sprayer and buckets should be washed with clean water using detergent/soap. Containers and buckets used for mixing pesticides should never be used for domestic purpose even after thorough washing.

ü�Avoid the entry of animals/workers in the �eld immediately after spray. Never enter in the treated �eld immediate after spray without bearing protective clothings.

After Spray Operation:

ü Left over spray solutions should be disposed off at safer place viz. barren isolated area. Left over spray solution should not be drained in or near ponds or water lines etc.

ü The used/empty containers should be crushed with stone/stick and buried deep in soil away from water sources. Empty containers of pesticides should not be re-used for storing other articles.

ü Wash hands and face with clean water and soap before eating/smoking. Never eat/smoke before washing clothes and taking bath.

ü On observing poisoning symptoms give the �rst aid and show the patient to doctor. Also show the empty container to doctor. Do not take the risk by not showing the poisoning symptoms to doctor as it may endanger the life of the patient.

70

KRISHI MITRA - 2017

Pesticides Toxicity Symbols Denote Toxicity To Human Beings And Animals

WARNINGS

CATEGORY -I

Keep out of reach of Children. If swallowed or

if symptoms of poisoning occur,call physician immediately.

LD (oral) (Mg/kg) 1to5050

CATEGORY -II

Keep out of reach of children

LD (oral) (Mg/kg) 51 to 50050

CATEGORY-III

Keep out of the reach of Children

LD (oral) (mg/kg) 501-500050

CATEGORY-IV

Keep out of the reach of children

LD (oral) (mg/kg) More than 500050

POISON

EXTREMELY TOXIC

POISON

HIGHLY TOXIC

DANGER

MODERATELY TOXIC

CAUTION

SLIGHTLY TOXIC

SYMBOLS

Ÿ Symptoms of poisoning are headache, giddiness, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, sweating, excessive lacrimations and salivation.

Ÿ Incase of contact with skin, wash all the affected body parts thoroughly with soap and water several times. Remove patient to fresh air. It eyes are affected, drain with clear water for 15 minutes. Atropine sulphate is antidote for severe poisoning.

Ÿ Atropinize the patient immediately by repeated doses of 2 to 4 gm at every 5-10 minutes interval til the symptoms disappear.

Ÿ 2 PAM is also an antidote.

Ÿ Administer 1-2 gm of 2-pyridine-2 aldoxime methyl iodine (2-PAM), dissolve in 10 ml distilled water and inject intravenously taking 10-15 minutes.

Ÿ Storage/Disposal of pesticides :-

Ÿ Should be stored in separate well ventilated room under lock and key. do not allow children pest or animals to enter the room. food and feed stuffs should not be stored with the pesticides. Empty containers should not be reused for any purpose and should be destroyed.

Antidote & Medical Aid

71

H.O. : 501, Gopal Heights, Netaji Subhash Place, Delhi - 110034 (INDIA) | Telephone : +91-11-40040400 (99 Line) Fax : +91-11-40040444

E-mail : [email protected] (Domestic) [email protected] (International) Website : www.groupindogulf.com

Customer Care No. : +91-9311155087

Unit No.1: V.P.O. Nathupur, Distt. Sonepat, Harayana - 131029 (INDIA) Ph.: +91-0130-2219245

Unit No.2: Industrial Growth Centre, Samba Jammu, J&K (INDIA) Ph.: +91-01923-246528

Unit No.3 : Khasra No.- 16/22/33, Nathupur, Distt. Sonepat, Harayana - 131029 (INDIA)


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