34
DEC-08-COCO-D IDENTIFICATION Product Code: DEC-08-COCO-D Product Name: ODT-8 Date Created: December 30, 1967 Maintainer: Software Service Group PDP-B LIBRARY
DEC-08-COCO-D
IDENTIFICATION
Product Code: DEC-08-COCO-D
Product Name: ODT-8
Date Created: December 30, 1967
Maintainer: Software Service Group
PDP-B LIBRARY
DEC-OB-COCO-D
ABSTRACT
ODT (Octal Debugging Technique) is a debugging aid for the PDP-8, which facil itates
communication with, and alteration of, the program being run. Communication between operator and
program occurs via the Teletype, using defined commands and octal numbers. This version of ODT has
been complete Iy rev ised and replaces both versions of the former ODT - II program.
2 PRELIMINARY REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Equ ipment
Standard PDP-8 or PDP-5 with basic 4k memory and Teletype.
2.2 Storage
ODT requires 600 (octal) consecutive core locations and one location on page 0 which will
be used as an intercom reg ister. It is page re locatable.
3 LOADING OR CALLING PROCEDURE
NOTE: ODT cannot be called as a subroutine.
a. ODT is normally distributed in binary with the source available on request and is
loaded with the Binary Loader.
1. Place the ODT tape in the reader.
2. Set 7777 in the SWITCH REGISTER and press LOAD ADDRESS. (If using the
high-speed photoelectric reader, put switch 0 down).
3. Press START.
b. Load the binary tape of the program to be debugged in the same manner as ODT was
loaded. Be sure that the two do not overlap.
4 USING THE PROGRAM OR ROUTINE
4.1 Starting Procedure
a. The starting address of ODT is the address of the symbol START. For standard library
versions the high version starts at 7000 and the low at 1000.
b. Set the starting address in the SWITCH REGISTER. Press LOAD ADDRESS, and
START on the console. ODT will issue a carriage return and line feed to indicate that
it is now running and awaiting commands from the keyboard.
c. To restart ODT wihout clearing the checksum, set the address of START + 1 (usually
7001 high version, or 1001 low version) into the SWITCH REGISTER and press LOAD
ADDRESS and START on the console.
D EC-08-COC O-D
4.2 Control Characters
a. Slash (/) - Open register preceding/
The register examination character / causes the register addressed by the octal number
preceding the slash to be opened and its contents typed out in octal. The open register
can then be modified by typing the desired octal number and closing the register. Any
octal number from 1 to 4 digits in length is a legal input. Typing a fifth digit is an
error and will cause the entire modification to be ignored and a question mark to be typed
back by ODT. Typing (/) with no preceding argument causes the latest named register
to be opened (again). Typing 0/ is interpreted as / with no argument.
Example: 400/6046 400j6U46 2468? 400/ 6046 1 2345? /60~ -
b. Carriage Return (~ ) - Close register
If the user has typed a valid octal number, after the content of a register was printed by
ODT, typing ~ causes the binary value of that number to replace the original contents
of the opened register and the register to be closed. If nothing has been typed by the
user, the register is closed but the content of the register is not changed.
Example: 400/6046~ 400/6046 2345 ~ /23456046 )
Register 400 is unchanged. Register 400 is changed to contain 2345. Replace 6046 in reg ister 400.
Typing another command will also close an opened register.
Example: 400/6046 401/6031 2346 J 400/6046 401 /2346 ~
Reg i ster 400 is closed and unchanged and 401 is opened and changed to 2346.
c. Line Feed (~) - Close register, open next sequential register
The I ine feed has the same effect as the carriage return, but, in addition, the next
sequential register is opened and its contents typed.
Example: 400/6046~ 0401~1 1234~ 0402/5201~
Register 400 is closed unchanged and 401 is opened. User types change, 401 is closed containing 1234 and 402 is opened.
d. Up arrow (t) - C lose reg i ster, take contents as memory reference and open s~me
Up arrow will close an open register just as will carriage return. Further, it will inter
pret the contents of the register as a memory reference instruction, open the register
referenced and type its contents.
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DEC-08-COCO-D
Example: 404/3270t 0470752T2 0000 ~ 404/3270t 0470;0000
3270 symbolically is "DCA, this page, relative location 70, " so ODT opens reg ister 470.
e. Back Arrow (+--) - Close register, open indirectly.
Back arrow will also close the currently open register and then interrupt its contents as
the address of the register whose contents it is to type and open for modification.
Example: 365/5760t 0360/0426 +-0426/5201
f. Any Illegal Character
Any character that is neither a valid control character nor an octal digit, or is the fifth
octal digit in a series, causes the current line to be ignored and a question mark typed.
Example: 4:?_i } 4LT?) 40674671 67K? ~ / 467iT -
ODT opens no reg i ster •
ODT ignores modification and closes register 406.
g. xxxxG - Transfer control to user at location xxx x •
Clear the AC then go to the location specified before the G. All indicators and regis
ters will be initialized and the break-trap, if any, will be inserted. Typing G alone is
an error but will nevertheless cause a jump to location O.
h. xxxxB - Set breakpoint at user location xxxx.
Conditions ODT to establish a breakpoint at the location specified before the B. If
B is typed alone, ODT removes any previously establ ished breakpoint and restores the
original contents of the break location. A breakpoint may be changed to another loca
tion, whenever ODT is in control, by simply typing xxxxB where xxxx is the new
location. Only one breakpoint may be in effect at one time; therefore, requesting a new
breakpoint removes any previously existing one. The previous restriction on placing a
breakpoint on a JMS followed by arguments has been removed as of the June 1967 revision.
This means ODT can now be more effectively used, especially in debugging programs
which utilize floating point. The only restriction in this regard is that a breakpoint may
not be set on any of the floating point instructions which appear as arguments of a JMS.
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DEC-OB-COCO-D
Example: ~~~ } JMS FADD
Breakpoint legal here.
Breakpoint illegal here.
The breakpoint (B) command does not make the actual exchange of ODT instruction for
user instruction, it only sets up the mechanism for doing so. The actual exchange does
not occur until a "go to" or a "proceed from breakpoint" command is executed.
When, during execution, the user's program encounters the location containing the
breakpoint, control passes immediately to ODT (via location 0004). The C(AC) and
C(L) at the point of interruption are saved in spec ial reg isters accessible to ODT. The
user instruction that the breakpoint was replacing is restored, before the address of the
trap and the content of the AC are typed. The restored instruction has not been executed
at this time. It will not be executed until the "proceed from breakpoint" command is
given. Any user register, including those containing the stored AC and Link, can now
be modified in the usual manner. The breakpoint can also be moved or removed at this
time.
i. A - Open register containing AC.
When the breakpoint is encountered the C(AC) and C(L) are saved for later restoration.
Typing A after having encountered a breakpoint, opens for modification the register in
which the AC was saved and types its contents. This register may now be modified in the
normal manner (see SLASH) and the modification will be restored to the AC when the
"proceed from breakpoint" is given.
~ after A - Open register containing Link
After opening the AC storage register, typing linefeed p) closes the AC storage register,
then opens the Link storage register for modification and types its contents. The Link
register may now be modified as usual (see SLASH) and that modification will be restored
to the Link when the "proceed from breakpoint" is given.
i. C - Proceed (continue) from a breakpoint.
Typing C, after having encountered a breakpoint, causes ODT to insert the latest
specified breakpoint (if any), restore the contents of the AC and Link, execute the
instruction trapped by the previous breakpoint, and transfer control back to the user pro
gram at the appropriate location. The user program then runs until the breakpoint is again
encountered.
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DEC-08-COCO-D
NOTE: If a trap set by ODT is not encountered while ODT is running the object (user's) program, the instruction which causes the break to occur will not be removed from the user's program.
xxxC - Continue and iterate loop xxx times before break.
The programmer may wish to establ ish the breakpoint at some location with in a loop of
his program. Since loops often run to many iterations, some means must be available to
prevent a break from occuring each time the break location is encountered. This is the
function of xxxC (where xxx is an octal number). After having encountered the break
point for the first time, the user spec ifies, with th is command, how many times the loop
is to be iterated before another break is to occur. The break operations have been
described previously is section h.
k. M - Open search mask.
Typing M causes ODT to open for modification the register containing the current value
of the search mask and type its contents. Initially the mask is set to 7777. It may be
changed by opening the mask register and typing the desired value after the value typed
by ODT, then closing the register.
-I - Open lower search I im it
The register immediately following the mask storage register contains the location at
which the search is to begin. Typing line feed (-I) to close the mask register causes this,
the lower search I imit register to be opened for modification and its contents typed.
Initially the lower search I imit is set to 0001. It may be changed by typing the desired
lower limit after that typed by ODT, then closing the register.
-I - Open upper search I im it
The next sequential register contains the location with which the search is to terminate.
Typing line feed (-I) to close the lower searchlimit register causes this; the upper search
limit register to be opened for modification and its contents typed. Initially, the upper
search limit is the beginning of ODT itself, 7000 (1000 for low version). It may also be
changed by typing the desired upper search I imit after the one typed by ODT, then
closing the register with a carriage return.
1. xxxxW - Word search.
The command xxxxW (where xxxx is an octal number) will cause ODT to conduct a search
of a defined section of core, using the mask and the lower and upper limits which the user
has specified, as indicated in section k. Word searching using ODT is similar to word
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D EC-08-COC O-D
searching using DDT. The searching operations are used to determine if a given quantity
is present in any of the registers of a particular section of memory.
The search is conducted as follows: ODT masks the expression xxxx wh ich the user types
preceding the Wand saves the result as the quantity for which it is searching. (All
masking is done by performing a Boolean AND between the contents of the mask register,
C(M), and the register containing the thing to be masked.) ODT then masks each
register within the user's specified limits and compares the result to the quantity for which
it is searching. If the two quantities are identical, the address and the actual unmasked
contents of the matching register are typed and the search continues until the upper limit
is reached.
A search never alters the contents of any registers.
Example: Search locations 3000 to 4000 for all ISZ instructions, regardless of
what register they refer to (i.e. search for all registers beginning with
an octal 2).
W777 7453/0001 7454/7000
2000W
2000/2467 3057/2501 3124/2032 4000/2152
7000~
3000~
4000~
Change the mask to 7000" open lower search I im it Change the lower I imit to 3000, open upper limit Change the upper limit to 4000, close register In itiate the search for ISZ instructions
These are 4 ISZ instructions in this section of core.
m '. T - Punch leader
ODT is capable of producing leader (code 200) on-line. This is done by typing T and
then turning ON the punch. When enough leader has been punched, turn off the punch
and h it STOP on the console. It is imperative that the punch be turned OFF before typing
again on the keyboard, since anything typed will be punched also, if the punch is left
on. To issue any further commands, reload the starting address and press START on the
console.
n. xxxx; yyyyP - Punch binary
To punch a binary core image of a particular section of core, the above command is used
where xxxx is the initial (octal) address and yyyy is the final (octal) address of the section
of core to be punched. The computer will halt (with 7402 displayed) to allow the user to
turn ON the punch. Pressing CONTINUE on the console initiates the actual punching of
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DEC-08-COCO-D
the block. The punching terminates without having punched a checksum, to allow sub
sequent blocks to be punched and to allow an all inclusive checksum to be punched at
the end by a separate command. This procedure is optional, however, and the user may
punch ind iv idually checksummed blocks.
It is imperative that the punch be turned OFF before typing another command, since the
keyboard and punch are I inked.
o. E - Punch checksum and trailer
Given the command E, ODT will halt to allow the punch to be turned on. Pressing
CONTINUE on the console will cause it to punch the accumulated checksum for the
preceding block(s) of binary output followed by trailer (code 200). When a sufficient
length of trailer has been output, turn OFF the punch and press STOP on the console. To
continue with ODT reload the starting address and press START on the console.
The binary tape produced in this manner by ODT can now be loaded into core and run.
However, the changes should be made to the symbolic source tapes as soon as possible.
4.3 Additional Techniques
a. TTY I/O-Flag
Sometimes the program being debugged may require that the TTY flag be up before it can
continue output, i.e., the program output routine will be coded as follows:
TSF JMP .-1 TLS
Since ODT normally leaves the TTY flag in an off (lowered) state, the above coding will
cause the program to loop at the JMP.-1. To avoid this, ODT may be modified to leave
the TTY flag in the raised (on) state when transferring control through either a "go to" or
a "continue" command. This modification is accomplished by changing location XCONT-3
(normally at 7341) to a NOP (7000). To make the actual change, load ODT as usual.
Open reg ister XCONT -3 and modify it as follows:
7341/6042 7000 ) (1341/6042 7000 ) for low version)
b. Current Location
The address of the current register or last register examined is remembered by ODT and
remains the same, even after the commands G, C, B, T, E, and P. This location may be
opened for inspection merely by typing /.
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DEC-08-COCO-D
c. Programs Written in ODT Commands
ODT will also correctly read tapes prepared off-line (e.g., a tape punched with
1021/1157t 7775 will cause location 1021 to be opened and changed to 1157; then the
memory reference address 157 will be opened and changed to 7775 (-3). This procedure
will work with breakpoints, continues, punch commands, etc. Thus, debugging programs
may be read into ODT to execute the program, list registers of interest, modify locations,
etc.
d. Binary Tape from High Speed Punch
It is possible to obtain a binary tape from the high speed punch, instead of the Teletype,
however, this requires switch manipulation. Proceed as follows:
1. Type the punch command XXXXi yyyyP as explained in section 4.2 (n). The
computer will halt.
2. Set 7231 (1231 for low version) in the SWITCH REGISTER (SR) and press LOAD
ADDRESS.
3. Set 6026 in the SR and press DEPOSIT.
4. Set 6021 in the SR and press DEPOSIT.
5. Set 7225 (1225 for low version) in the SR and press LOAD ADDRESS and START
on the console, and leader (code 200) will be output.
6. When a sufficient length of leader has been produced, press STOP on the console.
7. Set 7203 (1203 for low version) in the SR and press LOAD ADDRESS and START
on the console, and the section of core specified in the punch command will be
output.
8. If another block of data is desired on the same tape, the original contents of the
locations changed in steps 3, 4 and 5 must be replaced. (See step 11.) Steps 1, 2,
3, 4, and 8 must then be repeated to output the data block via the high speed punch.
9. Set 7222 (1222 for low version) in the SR and press LOAD ADDRESS and START
on the console, and the accumulated checksum will be punched followed by trailer
(code 200).
10. When a sufficient amount of trailer has been produced, press STOP on the console
and press the TAPE FEED button, then remove the tape from the punch.
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DEC-08-COCO-D
11. To continue using ODT, the locations changed in steps 3 and 4 must be
restored as follows:
Set 7231 (1231 for low version) in the SR and press LOAD ADDRESS.
Set 6046 in the SR and press DEPOSIT.
Set 6041 in the SR and press DEPOSIT .
12. Set the starting address (7000 or 1000) in the SR and press LOAD ADDRESS and
START on the console, and ODT is ready to go again.
e. Interrupt Program Debugging
ODT executes an IOF when a breakpoint is encountered. (It does not do this when more
iterations remain in an x-continue command.) This is done so that an interrupt will not
occur when ODT types out the breakpoint information. It thus protects itself against
spurious interrupts and may be used safely in debugging programs that turn on the interrupt
mode.
However, the user must remember that there is no way in which ODT could know whether
the interrupt was on when the breakpoint was encountered, and hence it does not turn on
the interrupt when transferring control back to the program after receiving a "go" or a
"continue" command.
f. Octal Dump
By setting the search mask to zero and typing W, all locations between the search I im its
will be printed on the Teletype.
g. Indirect References
When an indirect memory reference instruction is encountered, the actual address may be
opened by typing t and 4-- •
4.4 Errors
The only legal inputs are control characters and octal digits. Any other character will cause
the character or line to be ignored and a question mark to be typed out by ODT. Typing G alone is an
error. It must be preceded by an address to which control will be transferred. This will elicit no question
mark also if not preceded by an address, but will cause control be transferred to location O.
Typing any punch command with the punch ON is an error and will cause ASCII characters
to be punched on the binary tape. This means the tape cannot be loaded and run properly.
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DEC-08-COCO-D
4.5 Miscellaneous
If a trap set by ODT is not encountered by the user's program, the breaktrap instruction wi II
not be removed. ODT can now be used to debug programs using floating point, since the intercom
register is now register 0004, and since breaktraps may now be set on a JMS with arguments following.
This version of ODT will operate on a Teletype with an ALT mode key or an ESCAPE key. To restart
ODTwithoutclearing the checksum, set the SWITCH REGISTER to the value of start + 1 (7001 or 1001
in I ibrary versions) and press LOAD ADDRESS and START on the console. The high speed punch may be
used by patching three locations after typing the punch command. (See section 4.3 d.)
5 DETAILS OF OPERATION AND STORAGE
5.1 Features
ODT features include register examination and modification; binary punchouts (to the Teletype
or high speed punch) of user designated blocks of memory; octal core dumps to the Teletype using the
word search mechanism, as in DDT; and instruction breakpoints to return control to ODT (breakpoints).
ODT makes no use of the program interrupt facility and will not operate outside of the core memory
bank in which it is residing.
The breakpoint is one of ODT's most useful features. When debugging a program, it is often
desirable to allow the program to run normally up to a predetermined point, at which the programmer may
examine and possibly modify the contents of the accumulator (AC), the Link (L), or various instruction
or storage registers within his program, depending on the results he finds. To accomplish this, ODT
acts as a monitor to the user program. The user decides how far he wishes the program to run and ODT
inserts an instruction in the user's program which, when encountered, causes control to transfer back to
ODT. ODT immediately preserves in designated storage registers, the contents of the AC and L at the
break. It then prints out the location at which the break occurred, as well as the contents of the AC at
that point. ODT will then allow examination and modification of any register of the user's program (or
those registers storing the AC and L). The user may also move the breakpoint, and request that ODT
continue running his program. This will cause ODT to restore the AC and L, execute the trapped in
struction and continue in the user's program until the breakpoint is again encountered or the program
terminated normally.
5.2 Storage
ODT requires 600 (octal) locations and, as distributed by the Program Library, resides in
memory between 7000 and 7577 (or 1000 and 1577 for the low version). It is, however, page re locatable.
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DEC-08-COCO-D
The source tape can be re-origined to the start of any memory page except page 0 and assembled to
reside in the three pages following that location, assuming they are all in the same memory bank. ODT
also uses location 4 on page 0 as an intercom register between itself and the user's program when executing
a breaktrap. If the user wishes to change the location of the intercom register, he may do so by changing
the value of Z PAT in the source and reassembl ing. The intercom reg i ster must rema in on page O.
6
7
8
nnnn/
/
RE STRICTION S
a. ODT wi II not operate outside of the memory bank in wh ich it is located.
b. It must beg in at the start of a memory page (other than page 0) and must be com
pletely contained in one memory bank.
c. It will not turn on the program interrupt, since it has no way of knowing if the user's
program is using the interrupt. It does, however, turn off the interrupt when a break
point is encountered, to prevent spurious interrupts. (See 4.3 (e).)
d. The user's program must not use or reference any core locations occupied or used by
ODT, and v ice versa.
e. Register ZPAT is used as an intercom register by ODT when executing a breakpoint.
In library distributed versions ZPAT = 0004. This register must be left free by the user
since it is filled with an address within ODT which is used to transfer control between
user program and ODT.
f. Breakpoints are fully invisible to "open register" commands; however, breakpoints may
not be placed in locations which the user program will modify in the course of execution
or the breakpoint will be destroyed.
REFERENCES
a. See DDT Programming Manual (Digital-8-4-S) for a full explanation of the use of
debugging programs.
b. Binary Loader (Dig ital-8-2-U).
COMMAND SUMMARY
Open register designated by the octal number nnnn. Reopen latest
opened reg i ster •
Reopen latest opened reg ister.
Carriage Return () ) Close previously opened register.
11
Line Feed P)
Up Arrow (I)
Back Arrow (4-)
Illegal character
nnnnG
nnnnB
B
A
C
nnnnC
M
(line feed)
(line feed)
nnnnW
T
nnnn;mmmmP
E
DEC-08-COCO-D
Close register and open the next sequential one for modification.
Close register, take contents of that register as a memory reference
and open it.
Close register open indirectly.
Current I ine typed by user is ignored, ODT types"? CR LF".
Transfer program control to location nnnn.
Establ ish a breakpoint at location nnnn.
Remove the breakpoint.
Open for modification the register in which the contents of AC were
stored when the breakpoint was encountered.
Proceed from a breakpoint.
Continue from a breakpoint and iterate past the breakpoint nnnn times
before interrupting the user's program at the breakpoint location.
Open the search mask.
Open lower search I im it.
Open upper search I im it.
Search the portion of core as defined by the upper and lower I im its
for the octal value nnnn.
Punch leader.
Punch a binary core image defined by the I im its nnnn and mmmm.
Punch checksum and trailer.
9 EXAMPLES AND/OR APPLICATIONS
(CR)
(LF)
(H)
(Cont)
(PON)
Symbols for representing "invisible" Teletype actions:
==
==
Carriage Return
Line Feed
Computer Halts
Key Continue on Console
Punch On
12
(POF)
(LEAD)
(BIN)
(CKSMT)
D EC-OB-C OC O-D
Punch Off
Production of Leader
Punching of Binary Text
Punching of Checksum and Trailer
The following examples are the actual result of using ODT to run the program I isted after the
examples. Brackets enclose comments local to the description. Underl inings designate that produced
by ODT.
043 7 0444 845'01 J455 ;>455
(LF)
i'i7ry;;) 7777 (LF)(CR) 7~/J43,>' 3S,0\U)(CR) 7474 /C5.~;1(CR)(LF) 72:;; J v.; (C R)(LF) 3364 172.j2(CR)(LF) (LF)
[mask modifiedl [ lower search limit modified1 I upper search limit modified1 [quantity for which to search specified and
search begun]
[search completed]
[change mask J [change lower I im it] [upper limit is all right] [search for all CLA instructions] [there is on Iy one. It is at location 364] [search is finished]
13
[set mask for indirect and page bits] [using previous limits search for all references
to page zero wh ich occu~
[there are none, however, these microinstructions look like indirect references to page zero since they have a 1 in bit 3 and a % in bit 4J
[search completedJ
M060't'J 2) (LF)(CR) 7473 n360 4;:n(LF)(CR) 7474 105021 427 (CR)(LF) W (CR)(LF) C'1407 1127~CR)(LF) 04Ii1/1272(CR)(LF) 0411 17 450(CR)(LF) 0412 15253 (CR)(LF) 0413/1273(CR)(LF) 041417450(CR)(LF)
~~: ~ ~~~~~~~~~~t~~ 0417 17450kR)~LF) (3420/5227(CR)(LF) :142 I I7Z01 (CR)(Lr) 7;422 1765~~(CR)(LF) 2423 15242(CR)(LFt 7424 1127 4(CR)(LF) .7425 1457I tCR)lLF) (? 42 6 1523" R){ F) Cj427 1127S(CR)(LF) (LF)
DEC-OB-COCO-D
[set mask to zero so that everything will match]
[set search I im its to encompass dump area]
[since W is typed alone, the word searched for, is ~L The result after masking each register with % is, of course, % so all comparisons appear to the program equal and hence all unmasked contents are typed, constituting a dump]
Examples of Register Examination 8, Modification
400/6046 (CR)(LF) 400/~ 2463? (CR)(LF) 400/6046 12345?(CR)(LF) 16214~45 (CR)(LFrIZ34) 6046 (CR)(tF) ~ 401/60312346 (CR)(LF) 4~Ql46 40T72346 (CR)(LF, 12346 6213 dCR)(LF) -16031 -
4J0/6046 (LF)(CR) 0401 7""6031 1234 (LF)(CR) 0402 15201 (CR)(LFL -4011123 Zj 6031 (tFJtCR) 0402----"752 0 I (CR)( LF)-(LF)(CR) -04 2lS-1 603 5 (CR)(LF) (LF}(CR) -040413270 (CR)(LF)
14
[E xamine Only] [Non-octal number typed, modification ignored J [More than 4 digits typed, modification ignored] [Register 400 modified to 23451 [Modified again] [Register closed by typing another command J
[close and examine next J [modify 401, examine 4021 [close 402]
DEC-08-caCO-D
Examples of Register Examination & Modification (continued)
404/3270 t(CR)(LF) 047070212 0000 (CR)(LF) 40473270 t (CR)(LF) -0470~0 (CR)(tf) /0000 (CR)(LF) 404/3270 3271t (CR)(LF) 04 71103""60(C R)(l:F) 404/3271 32701'\CR)(LF) 0470 /0000 (CR)(LF)
365/5760 l' (CR)(LF) 036070426 ;:::(CR)(LF) 0426 /5201 (CR)(LF)
4: ?(CR)(LF) 4U?(CR)(LF) 6Q ?(CR)(LF) 421674671 Y? (CR)~LF~ 40 S/""2i1)"T1 S 7K? ( R) LF) 406/4671 67322? (CR)(LF) /4671--
[contents of 404 refers to "this page, loc. 70"j [aDT opens 470. User modifies 470J
[contents of 404 mod ified to refer to "th is page [ODT opens 471] loc. 71"J
[contents of 365 refers to "th is page, loc. 160"] [aDT opens 360. Contents of 360 become [aDT opens 426J address1
} ;lle9al chacocte<. ODT open, no .e9;,te,
] illegal character. ODT ignores modification fifth digit in series. ODT ignores modification register 406 still contains original value of 4671
Examples of setting Breakpoints and Executing User's Program
475/0000 1 (LF)(CR) 047670000 2 (ITnCR) 21477 /0000 (CR)(LFj 4328 (CR)(LF) 400G (CR)(LF) +0432 (C0JJ (CR)(LF) 477 /0003
Registers can be changed and the same breakpoint remains in effect.
475/0001 3 (LF)(CR) 04 76i"1TIJ02 (CR)(L~ 4:30G (CR)(LF) *0432 <0000 (CR)(LF) 477/02(16 (CR)(LF)
15
[user's program expects to find the numbers it is to use in 475 and 476 (see listing) answer wi II be stored in 477
(Breakpoint is set at location 432) [user's program begins at 400, go there] [user's program accpts input of "+". Breakpoint [477 contains sum of 475 8 476] encountered
UDT types break address 8- C(AC)1
DEC-08-COCO-D
Examples of examining and modifying AC and L after encountering a breakpoint
A000el 1 (CR)(LF) A2mrr{CR}(LF)-
(EF1f2R){CR)(IF)
7356 10001 10 (CR)(LF) 10000 (CR){LF)
4468 (CR){LF) 400G (CR)(LF) *0446 <6004(CR)(LF) c (CR)(LF 0446 (0010 (CR)(LF) Cel (CR)(LF) 0446 (0014 (CR)(LF)
476/0003 7 10007 4468 400G *0445 (00214 2C 0446 (0020 C 0446 (0024
LAC which contained % when breakpoint was encountered is modified]
[Link which contained 1 at break is modified to %)
16
[Destroys old breakpoint & sets one at 446]
(Breakpoint encountered) [continue until ••• ] [Breakpoint again encountered]
[Breakpoint encountered) (Continue as before but pass Breakpoint twice
before stopping again]
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