www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
PDX® reactor technology in advanced BioFuels
production
October 2008
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Markets and Commercialisation
Food, Beverage, Dairy and Brewing Fire Defence EthanolOil and Gas
Grain
to
Ethanol
Cellulose
to
EthanolIn
Development
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
PDX technology
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
050100150200250300350400
distance [mm]
stat
ic p
ress
ure
[bar
G]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
tem
pera
ture
[deg
C]
4 barG static pressure profile 4 barG temperature profile
Steam flow
Process flow
Low pressure,supersonic
vapour phase (95% Vacuum)
Condensation shock-wave
Increases Ethanol yield by…
•Instantly activating all the starch
•Activating the intra- cellular starch
•No hot spots = No starch degeneration
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Micrographs of 5% solution starch cook
conventionally cooked to 70ºC
conventionally cooked to 85ºC held 10 minutes
PDX system to 72ºC (Instantaneously)
XGood cook -
full swelling/ no shearInadequate cook poor swelling
Analysis supported by: Campden and Chorleywood Food Research Associationand Reading Scientific Services Ltd
Conclusion: PDX gelatinises 99.9% of all starch instantly at 72 Deg C
Instantly activating all the starch
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
PDX systems delivering value
(Food and Brewing)4,000 Kg/Hour4,000 Kg/Hour
2x12,000 Kg/Hour2x12,000 Kg/Hour440,000 Kg/Hour440,000 Kg/Hour
today
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
The PDX Ethanol Reactor Tower arriving fully assembled
The PDX ERT in position at the liquefaction tank
OregonFull scale PDX Ethanol Reactor Tower install in a 40 mgal/year plant
PDX systems delivering value
(Biofuels)today
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Summary of initial third party evaluation
•
Trials conducted at respected National Corn to Ethanol Research Center
(NCERC) in Illinois, Dec 2007•
Objectives were to confirm–
Anticipated yield improvements across full ethanol process–
System design valid for production scale–
Assess energy impact–
Confirm expected enzyme reduction–
Investigate downstream process impact
•
Results excellent•
Further unanticipated savings identified
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Headline Results
-
30% Fermentation Time+ 14% Yield uplift-
75% Liquefaction Time
-
50% α-Amylase usage
•
Performance benchmarked against a Jet Cooker Control•
Based on results from NCERC Trial December 2007
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
NCERC
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
PDX Reactor verification trials at NCERC
•
Complete Ethanol production –
from slurry build & liquefaction through to Fermentation & Distillation• 15 x 1,500 USG batches processed•
PDX reactor system operated at a flowrate
of 60 USG / min•
This flowrate
equals a plant size of 5.1 mill USG / year of fuel ethanol•
Each test monitored and captured by 1,750 telemetry points•
Each batch processed was analysed for performance at 50 individual sample points by NCERC laboratory facilities and personnel•
Baseline tests performed using industry best-in-class Jet Cooker technology
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Jet Cooker
PDX Maximum
80.0%
82.0%
84.0%
86.0%
88.0%
90.0%
92.0%
94.0%
96.0%
98.0%
100.0%
Jet_Cooker PDX
% o
f sta
rch
conv
erte
d to
glu
cose
Starch conversion to Glucose NCERC results
14% more glucosefrom feedstock
14% more glucosefrom feedstock
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Jet Cooker
PDX Maximum
96.0%
98.0%
100.0%
102.0%
104.0%
106.0%
108.0%
110.0%
112.0%
114.0%
116.0%
Jet_Cooker PDX
% E
than
ol p
rodu
ctio
nco
mpa
red
to J
et C
ooke
r
Starch conversion to Ethanol NCERC results
14% more ethanolfrom feedstock
14% more ethanolfrom feedstock
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
time, hr
etha
nol y
ield
bas
elin
ed to
Jet
Coo
ker
Jet CookerPDX
Fermentation kinetics – NCERC results
Normal industry fermentor drop
PDX fermentor sweet spot
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
PDX Reactor Energy Balance
DDGS Drying30%
Evaporation17%Separation
2%
Distillation38%
Grinding2%
Fermentation2%
Liquefaction9%
Energy consumption in First Generation Bioethanol
ProcessesSource: Lurgi
•
Conventional Liquefaction:
–
Preheat to activation temp 100 Deg C
–
Maintain liquefaction temp at 83 Deg C for 2 hours
•
PDX Liquefaction:–
Preheat to activation temp 83 Deg C
–
Maintain liquefaction temp at 83 Deg C for 1/2 hours
•
PDX has no significant impact on plant energy balance
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Link to PDX Control Panel in Plant Control Room
PDX Ethanol Reactor Tower Retrofitted into existing liquefaction process
LIQUEFACTION TANK
STEAM MAIN
STEAM CONDITIONING
PDX Reactor Tower By-pass
SLURRY TANK
EthanolReactor Tower
Jet cooker
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
OregonFull scale PDX Ethanol Reactor Tower install in a 40 mgal/year plant
Gen 1- Full scale install Spring 2008
Results (250908):
+ Average 7.1% Yield uplift + Max. 14.5% Yield uplift-
25% α-Amylase usage
Results calculated and verified by MUSE StancilMuse is a global consulting firm specializing in the energy industry
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Distribution of PDX Uplift Batches
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
-5%< Uplift < 0% 0%< Uplif t < 5% 5% < Uplift < 10% Uplift > 10%
Batch Uplift Range
Num
ber
of P
DX
Bat
ches
Results calculated and verified by MUSE StancilMuse is a global consulting firm specializing in the energy industry
Baseline:April/May fermentorsExcl. plant shut-down, high lactic acid and other abnormal fermentors
Gen 1- Full scale install Spring 2008
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Headline specification (ERT-3):•470 gal/min (40MMgal/year ethanol production)•Integrated CIP solution for continuous production•Fully automized
control system•Full integration with plant operation system
Ethanol Reactor TowerPDX ERT-3
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
•
Co-operation established with–
Nottingham University –
academic support –
Laboratory of the Government Chemist – analysis–
Eclipse Scientific Group -
analysis–
BRi –analysis–
Novozymes –
enzyme expertise–
Pyxis –
microscopy–
SAGENTIA – External verification–
NCERC- External verification–
MUSEStancil-External verification
PDX in Bio-Ethanol –
Third party industry expertise
www.pursuitdynamics.com © Pursuit Dynamics 2008 CONFIDENTIAL
Thank you for your attention