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The P.E.A.C.E ModelThe P.E.A.C.E ModelOf Investigative InterviewingOf Investigative Interviewing

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http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://www.abbexcavating.com/police_badge.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.abbexcavating.com/&usg=__qIGcgFGl797kdqDaPp1DzBh8h3A=&h=350&w=350&sz=77&hl=en&start=10&um=1&tbnid=MnikK5JB6WfsdM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=120&prev=/images?q=police+badge&hl=en&sa=N&um=1

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P E A C EP E A C E

Preparation&

Planning

Engage&

ExplainAccount Closure Evaluation

Interview

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P.E.A.C.EP.E.A.C.ECore SkillsCore Skills

Being preparedBeing prepared

Rapport buildingRapport building

Listening skillsListening skillsConcentrate, Comprehend, Sustain,Concentrate, Comprehend, Sustain,SummarizeSummarize

Questioning skillsQuestioning skills

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Planning and PreparationPlanning and Preparation

Plot events on a timeline for information retentionPlot events on a timeline for information retention

What is known about interviewee and what needs to beWhat is known about interviewee and what needs to be

establishedestablished Point to prove, facts in issuePoint to prove, facts in issue

Practical issues (e.g., where, when)Practical issues (e.g., where, when)

Aims and objectivesAims and objectives Outline possibleOutline possible defencesdefences at courtat court

Written planWritten plan

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Engage and ExplainEngage and Explain

Engage in a conversationEngage in a conversation

First impressionsFirst impressions

Explain purpose of the interviewExplain purpose of the interview

Reason, routines, outline, expectationsReason, routines, outline, expectations

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Account, Clarification, ChallengeAccount, Clarification, Challenge

Uninterrupted AccountUninterrupted Account

High use of open questions, summariesHigh use of open questions, summaries

Expanding and Clarify the AccountExpanding and Clarify the Account

Question LoopQuestion Loop Open, Probe, Summarize, LinkOpen, Probe, Summarize, Link

RepeatRepeat

Done chronologically, methodicallyDone chronologically, methodically

Locks person down into their storyLocks person down into their story

If deceptive, this develops the liesIf deceptive, this develops the lies

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Account, Clarification, ChallengeAccount, Clarification, Challenge

Challenging the Account: inconsistencies, contradictionsChallenging the Account: inconsistencies, contradictions

and liesand lies

Done using his own words, words of others and holdDone using his own words, words of others and hold

back evidence. Nonback evidence. Non--accusatorialaccusatorial

Ask interviewee to explain the differences between hisAsk interviewee to explain the differences between his

account and the evidenceaccount and the evidence

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Account, Clarification, ChallengeAccount, Clarification, ChallengePersuasionPersuasion isis allowed in the PEACE model as well as ourallowed in the PEACE model as well as our

courts. Even if a deceptive interviewee doesncourts. Even if a deceptive interviewee doesnt changet change

their account, ittheir account, its acceptable to say,s acceptable to say,

I put it to you that you did itI put it to you that you did it

Persuasion using logic is a good place to start.Persuasion using logic is a good place to start.

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ClosureClosure

Summarize account for mutual understandingSummarize account for mutual understanding

All areas sufficiently coveredAll areas sufficiently covered Explain future activitiesExplain future activities

Facilitate positive attitude of accurate and reliableFacilitate positive attitude of accurate and reliable

informationinformation If not recorded, have them write out statementIf not recorded, have them write out statement

Maintain professional styleMaintain professional style

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EvaluationEvaluation

Evaluate information obtainedEvaluate information obtained

Aims and objectives reached?Aims and objectives reached? ReRe--evaluate evidence in investigationevaluate evidence in investigation

Evaluate own performanceEvaluate own performance

Evaluated by supervisor/advisorEvaluated by supervisor/advisor Needed for personal developmentNeeded for personal development

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Professional DevelopmentProfessional Development

Tier 1Tier 1 Basic InterviewingBasic Interviewing Recruits/ProbationersRecruits/Probationers

Tier 2Tier 2 Witness & SuspectWitness & SuspectDetectiveDetective

Tier 3Tier 3 Advanced SuspectsAdvanced Suspects

Significant WitnessesSignificant Witnesses

ChildrenChildren Vulnerable AdultVulnerable Adult

Tier 4Tier 4

Advisors/SupervisorsAdvisors/Supervisors

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Other OpinionsOther Opinions

Detecting deception is more difficult than believedDetecting deception is more difficult than believed

Research contradicts what police are taught aboutResearch contradicts what police are taught aboutindicators of deceptionindicators of deception

Relying on current training in deception results in chanceRelying on current training in deception results in chancelevels of accuracy; trapping innocent people and lettinglevels of accuracy; trapping innocent people and lettingthe guilty go freethe guilty go free

The most frequent and important reason why suspectsThe most frequent and important reason why suspectsconfess is the strenconfess is the strenggth of their belief in the evidenceth of their belief in the evidenceagainst themagainst them

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we believe that police success in the United Kingdomwe believe that police success in the United Kingdom

can also be explained by other factors, such as thecan also be explained by other factors, such as the

exceptional quality of witness and victim interviewsexceptional quality of witness and victim interviews,,which permits investigators to improve the quality of thewhich permits investigators to improve the quality of the

evidence. After all, such testimony is often closer to theevidence. After all, such testimony is often closer to the

truth than the suspecttruth than the suspects version.s version.(italics mine)(italics mine)

Michel StMichel St--YvesYves

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No man has a good enough memory to be aNo man has a good enough memory to be asuccessful liarsuccessful liar

--Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln

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Contact MikeContact Mike

Phone: 705Phone: 705--556556--01150115

Email:Email: invictas@eastlink.cainvictas@eastlink.ca

http://interviewingbestpractice.blogspot.com/http://interviewingbestpractice.blogspot.com/

mailto:invictas@eastlink.camailto:invictas@eastlink.camailto:invictas@eastlink.ca

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ReferencesReferences

Snook, Brent Dr.Snook, Brent Dr. Investigative Interviewing PEACE RNCInvestigative Interviewing PEACE RNC

powerpointpowerpoint..

Savage, S., Milne, R.Savage, S., Milne, R. Miscarriages of JusticeMiscarriages of JusticeThe role ofThe role of

the Investigative Processthe Investigative Process

Milne, R., Shaw, G., Bull, R.Milne, R., Shaw, G., Bull, R. Investigative interviewing:Investigative interviewing:

the role of researchthe role of research

St-Yves, M., Tanguay, M. The Psychology ofInterrogation: A Quest for a confession or a Quest forthe Truth?; The Psychology of Criminal Investigations:The Search for the Truth; Chapter 1, pg 24