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Peach variety recommendations and replanting options

Bill Shane Michigan State University

SW Michigan Research and Extension CenterBenton Harbor, Michigan

Priorities for selecting new peach varieties

• Hardiness / productivity• Bacterial spot resistance• Adequate fruit size• Acceptable / good flavor• Decent firmness• Decent appearance

New Peach and Nectarine Variety Evaluation Work at MSUOlder peach varieties Newer varieties  Newest peach varieties

Harbinger = ‐33* PF‐1 = ‐30 Rich May = ‐28

Harrow Diamond = ‐25 PF‐5B = ‐25

Desiree   = ‐26 ^^PF‐5D Big   = ‐22 ^^Earlystar  =  ‐18 ^PF Early 8 Ball   = ‐17 ^^

Garnet Beauty = ‐10Early Red Haven = ‐10 GaLa = ‐8 Sentry = ‐8

Glenglo = ‐13PF‐7 = ‐10Summer Serenade = ‐10PF 8 Ball = ‐10PF‐7A Freestone   = ‐10 Rising Star = ‐8

Brightstar   = ‐12 ^PF Late 8 Ball   = ‐5 ^^

Redhaven = 0Reliance = 0Vivid = +2Bellaire = +3PF‐12A = +3John Boy = +3   

PF 9A‐007 = ‐2PF 11 Peach   = ‐2 PF 15A = +2Blazing Star = +2Starfire = +3Redstar = +3PF 14 New Jersey = +4

PF Lucky 13   = +6 ^

Glohaven = +8Canadian Harmony = +10Loring = +12Suncrest = +12

Blaze Prince = +8Bounty = +10PF 17 = +12

PF Super Duper   = +8^^John Boy II   = +8 ^Gloria     = +13 ^^ LASweetStar    = +14 ^

Contender = +18

PF 19‐007   = +14 Allstar = +16Coralstar = +16Beaumont   = +19       

Messina    = +17 ^^

Cresthaven = +24Redskin = +26

PF 23 = +20PF 24‐007 = +22Glowingstar = +22PF 24C Cold Hardy  = +24PF 25 = +26                              

PF 22‐007   = +20 ^^July Prince   = +24 ^^PF Paramount   = +24^^

Madison = +28Harcrest = +28Fayette = +28Encore = +31

PF 27A = +30PF 28‐007 = +32Autumn Star   = +37 ^PF 35‐007 Fat Lady   = +40 ^^Laurol = +41 PF Big George    = +50^^

Flame Prince   = +38 ^^PF Legendary   = +41^^Victoria     = +47 ^^PF Fashionably Late = +54^^

* = estimated harvest days before (‐) or after Red Haven. ^ = little experience, ^^ = very little experience to date. Cooler year will delay harvest dates, LA = low acid type

Recommended for MichiganBailey – better nematode resistance than LovellLovell – more vigorous than BaileyRed Leaf Lovell – similar growth characteristics as LovellTennessee Natural – several strains in use, similar to Lovell in vigorStarks Redleaf – selection of Tennessee NaturalRutgers Redleaf

OkayHalford – less vigorous

So far okayGuardian – from Georgia / South Carolina

Not recommended for MichiganSiberian CNemagard

Peach Rootstocks

Planting depth for peaches

But make sure the roots are not planted too deep. The topmost roots should be close to the soil surface.

So‐so qualityRelianceMadisonVeteran

Better qualityEarlystarHarcrestRedhavenStarfireContender SweetstarSaturn (white flat peach)

Hardy Peach Varieties

Strategy:  Plant hardier varieties in lower end of orchard.

Rating scale for bacterial spot of peachesHighly Resistant (HR)   to Highly Susceptible (HS)

Bacterial Spot Susceptibility Rating

%

Peach Cultivars (n=31) Developed in Western U.S.

0102030405060708090

100

1 2 3 4 5 6HR R MR MS S HS

0 0 03

11

17

22NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Department of Plant Pathology

March 2015-dfr-MI

Bacterial Spot Susceptibility Rating

%

Peach Cultivars (n=92) Developed in Eastern U.S.

0102030405060708090

100

1 2 3 4 5 6HR R MR MS S HS

2

20

37

2

25

6

23NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Department of Plant Pathology

March 2015-dfr-MI

Rating Peach Nectarine PeenTo

Little to no leaf symptoms

Sweet Breeze, Veteran,  Madison, Glenglo, PF‐25, PF35‐007, Brightstar, McKay, Risingstar, Gloria

Nectafest Tangos (NJF16), Saturn

Up to 10% leaf area affected

Messina, Blushingstar*, Harrow Diamond, Sunhaven, PF‐9A‐007, Richhaven, Catherina#, Redstar, Ernies Choice, Loring, Beaumont, Allstar, Canadian Harmony, Contender, Halehaven, Glowingstar, July Rose*,  Flameprince, Victoria, Glohaven, Virgil#, 

Carene, Emeraude*, PF11 Nectarine 

BuenOs II (NJF15)

10 to 25% leaf area  affected, some leaf drop

PF‐8 Ball, Starfire, Autumn Star, PF23, Desiree, Summerfest, PF 5D Big, Early Redhaven, PF‐27A, Flavrburst, Newhaven, PF‐7A Freestone, PF28‐007, Vinegold#, PF‐24C Coldhardy, Earlystar, PF11 Peach, Cresthaven, Coralstar

Fantasia, Zephyr*, Silver Gem*

BuenOs I (NJF18)

25% or more leaf area affected, significant defoliation

PF Early 8 Ball, Crimson Rocket Easternglo, Ambre Tangos II (NJF17)

* = white flesh, # = non‐melting flesh canning type.   Ratings July 15, 2014

Table 4. Relative bacterial spot disease ratings for peach and nectarine varieties, SW Michigan Research and Extension Center.

Bacterial spot of peaches and nectarines

Hide more bacterial susceptible varieties on the inside of orchard blocks with the most resistant varieties on the exposed orchard edges. 

Put more bacterial spot resistant varieties on sandier site.

Use sod strips between trees and to use gravel or other dust‐suppressing methods on nearby dirt roads.

Limb dieback rating

Peach Nectarine PeenTo

Severe, tree dead or dying

BuenOs I (NJF18)

Tree will live,significant pruning required

Flavrburst, Crimson Rocket, Vinegold, TangOs I (NJF16), Tangos II (NJF17)*, BuenOs II (NJF15)

Moderatepruning needed

Halehaven, Glowingstar, Gloria, Glenglo, Desiree, Ernies Choices, PF11 Peach

Modest dead wood pruning needed

Honey Blaze, Sweet Breeze, PF‐7A Freestone

Few limb tips with dieback,damage relatively inconspicuous

Redhaven, PF Early 8 Ball, PF‐23, PF‐9A‐007, Newhaven,  Messina, Beaumont, PF‐27A, Blushingstar*, Flameprince, PF‐25, Catherina, Autumn Star, Victoria, Virgil, Redstar, Cresthaven, PF‐28‐007, Summerfest, Risingstar, PF‐24C Cold Hardy

Easternglo, Emeraude*, Zephyr*, Ambre, 

No damage Brightstar, Coralstar, Allstar, Canadian Harmony, Early Redhaven, Glohaven, Madison, McKay, Contender, Harrow Diamond, PF‐19‐007, Earlystar, PF35‐007, PF5D Big, Loring, Starfire, Veteran

Fantasia, PF11 Nectarine, Silver Gem*

Saturn*

Branch tip dieback and tree decline rating for peach and nectarine varieties following 2013/2014 winter, SW Michigan Research and Extension Center.

* = white flesh, # = non‐melting flesh canning type.   Limb tip dieback ratings made June 17, 2014.   

BuenOs

Ambre

Early Season Peaches

PF-5D Big-22 -18

Earlystar PF Early 8 Ball-17

Older peach varieties

More recent Newest peach varieties

Harrow Diamond -25PF-5B -25

Desiree -26 ^PF-5D Big -22 ^^Earlystar - 18 ^PF Early 8 Ball - 17 ^^

Desiree-26

Early Season Peaches

PF-5D Big-22 -18

Earlystar PF Early 8 Ball-17

Desiree-26

Variety Harvest rel to RH

Red skin Fruit size

Bac spot resist

Free of splits

Notes

Desiree ‐26 70% +++ ++++ +++ Productive, crunchy, moderately fuzzy

PF‐5D Big ‐22 90% med dark

++++ +++ +++ Very little fuzz, fine texture

Earlystar ‐18 80% med +++ +++ +++ Some red in flesh, so‐so skin color in center of tree, semi‐freestone

PF Early 8 Ball

‐17 70% med +++ ++ ++++ Low fuzz, retains flavor

Older peach varieties

Major production today

Newest peach varieties

Garnet Beauty - 10 Early Red Haven - 10

Glenglo -13PF-7 - 10Summer Serenade - 10 PF 8 Ball -10Rising Star - 8GaLa -8

Brightstar - 12 ^PF-7A Freestone -10 ^^PF Late 8 Ball -5 ^^PF 11 Peach -2^^PF9A-007 -2^^

PF-8 Ball PF7A Freestone PF11 Peach PF9A-007

Early Season Peaches

Variety Harvest relto RH

Red skin Fruit size

Bac spot resist

Free of splits

Notes

PF‐8 Ball ‐10 70% +++ +++ ++++ Garnet Beauty like suture & quality

PF7A Freestone

‐10 80% +++ ++ ++++ Not reliably freestone, variable fruit characteristics

PF11 Peach ‐2 80% ++++ ++++ +++ Nice coloring, nearly freestone

PF9A‐007 ‐2 70% ++++ ++++ +++ Essentially freestone

PF-8 Ball PF7A Freestone PF11 Peach PF9A-007

Early Season Peaches

Older peach varieties Major production today

Newest peach varieties

Redhaven 0*Reliance 0Vivid 2Bellaire 3PF12A 3 John Boy 3

Blazing Star 2Starfire 3Redstar 3PF 14 New Jersey 4

PF Lucky 13 6 ^

Mid season fresh market peaches

* = harvest relative to Red Haven, - = days before, + = after, ^ = early evaluation, ^^ = very early evaluation

Starfire+3 RH

PF Lucky 13+6 RH

PF 14 New Jersey+4 RH

Mid season fresh market peaches

Starfire+3 RH

PF Lucky 13+6 RH

PF 14 New Jersey+4 RH

Variety Harvest rel to RH

Red skin

Fruit size

Bac spot resist

Free of splits

Notes

Starfire +3 70% +++ +++ ++++ Productive, consistent color & cropping, bud hardy, moderately fuzzy

PF 14 New Jersey

+4 70% ++++ ++++ ++++ Uniform coloring, moderately fuzzy, mostly freestone

PF Lucky 13 +6 70% ++++ +++ ++++ Attractive, slight drop tendency, some inking some years

Older peach varieties Major production today

Newest peach varieties

Glohaven 8Canadian Harmony 10Loring 12Suncrest 12

PF 15A 6Blaze Prince 8Bounty 10Coralstar 12PF 17 12

John Boy II 8

Mid season fresh market peaches

* = harvest relative to Red Haven, - = days before, + = after, ^ = early evaluation, ^^ = very early evaluation

PF 17+12

Coralstar+12

Mid season fresh market peaches

* = harvest relative to Red Haven, - = days before, + = after, ^ = early evaluation, ^^ = very early evaluation

Variety Harvest rel to RH

Red skin

Fruit size

Bac spot resist

Free of splits

Notes

Coralstar +12 55% +++++ +++ +++ Good flavor, decent shelf life, fuzzy some years

PF 17 +12 60% ++++ +++ +++ Productive, firm, nice quality, some drop

PF 17+12

Coralstar+12

Older peach varieties More recent varieties Newest peach varieties

Allstar 18Contender 18PF 23 20

PF 19-007 16^^Messina 17^^Beaumont 18^ PF 22-007 20 ^^Sweetstar 20 ^

Mid to late season fresh market peaches

* = harvest relative to Red Haven, - = days before, + = after, ^ = early evaluation, ^^ = very early evaluation

Messina+17+16

Beaumont+18

Allstar+18 +20

Sweetstar+20PF 23

Mid to late season fresh market peaches

Messina+17

PF 19‐007+16

Beaumont+18

Allstar+18 +20

Sweetstar

Variety Harvest rel to RH

Red skin

Fruit size

Bac spot resist

Free of splits

Notes

PF19‐007 16 80% ++++ +++ +++ Attractive dark red, good flavor

Messina 17 85% +++++ ++++ ++++ Medium red, low fuzz

Beaumont 18 70% ++++ +++ ++++ Uniform fruit, firm, good shelf life

Allstar 18 80% ++++ ++++ ++++ Productive, uniform shape

PF 23 20 80% ++++ +++ ++++ Attractive, firm, hangs well, storeswell

Sweetstar 20 80% +++++ ++++ ++++ Durable tree, fruit hangs well, productive

+20PF 23

Older peach varieties Newer peach varieties

Newest peach varieties

Cresthaven 24*Redskin 26

PF 24-007 22Glowingstar 24PF25 26

July Prince 24 ^ PF 24C Cold Hardy 24 ^PF Paramount 24 ^^Gloria 25 ^ la

Later season fresh market peaches

* = harvest relative to Red Haven, - = days before, + = after, ^ = early evaluation, ^^ = very early evaluation

PF24 Cold Hardy+24

Glowingstar+24

PF Paramount+24

Gloria+25

Later season fresh market peaches

* = harvest relative to Red Haven, - = days before, + = after, ^ = early evaluation, ^^ = very early evaluation

PF24 Cold Hardy+24

Glowingstar+24

PF Paramount+24

Gloria+25

Variety Harvest rel to RH

Red skin

Fruit size

Bac spot resist

Free of splits

Notes

Glowingstar +24 70% ++++ ++++ ++++ Dark skin, productive, some irregular fruit, range of fruit sizes

PF24C ColdHardy

+24 80% ++++ +++ ++++ Dark skin, productive, retainsflavor, average hardiness

PF Paramount

+24 80% ++++ ? ? Firm, early evaluation

Gloria +25 70% ++++ +++ ++++ Stony hard, long storage, pale yellow flesh, fruit hard to peel, sub acid, sharp pit

Older peach varieties Newer peach varieties

Newest peach varieties

Madison 28Harcrest 28Fayette 28Encore 31

PF 27A 30PF28-007 32Laurol 41

Autumn Star 37 ^Flame Prince 38 ^^PF 35-007 Fat Lady 40 ^^PF Legendary 41 ^^ Victoria 47 ^^PF Big George 50 ^^PF Fashionably Late 54 ^^

Late season fresh market peaches

PF28‐007+32 RH

Autumn Star+37 RH

PF35‐007+40 RH

PF Big George+50 RH

Late season fresh market peaches

PF28‐007+32 RH

Autumn Star+37 RH

PF35‐007+40 RH

PF Big George+50 RH

Variety Harvest rel to RH

Red skin

Fruit size

Bac spot resist

Free of splits

Notes

PF28‐007 +32 60% ++++ +++ +++ Medium red, nice texture, low fuzz

Autumn Star

+37 85% ++++ +++ ++++ Stores well, not very juicy

PF35‐007 +40 70% ++++ +++ +++ Firm, fine texture flesh, yellow / orange background, hangs well

PF Big George

+50 60% ++++ ++++ +++ Firm, attractive

Questions?

Bill Shane, SW Mich Res & Ext Center, Benter Harbor, Michigan  49022,  269‐208‐1652 cell, email:  shane@msu.edu