PEAT RESOURCES OF MAINE

BULLETIN 28

PEAT RESOURCES OF MAINE

VOLUME 1: AROOSTOOK COUNTY

Cornelia C. Cameron U.S . Geological Survey

Michael K. Mullen Carolyn A. Lepage Walter A . Anderson

Maine Geological Survey

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Walter A. Anderson, State Geologist Maine Geological Survey DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION

Joseph E. Brennan, Governor STATE OF MAINE

Richard B. Anderson, Commissioner DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION

BULLETIN 28

PEAT RESOURCES OF MAINE

VOLUME 1: AROOSTOOK COUNTY

by

Cornelia C. Cameron, U.S. Geological Survey Michael K. Mullen, Maine Geological Survey Carolyn A. Lepage, Maine Geological Survey Walter A. Anderson, Maine Geological Survey

Maine Geological Survey DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION

Branch of Eastern Mineral Resources U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Office of Energy Resources EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

Preparation of this report was supported by funds furnished by the U.S. Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG18-79ET14690, the Maine Off ice of Energy Resources, the Maine Geological Survey, and the U.S. Geological Survey.

1984

MAINE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PEAT PUBLICATIONS:

Bulletin 28 - Peat Resources of Maine, Volume 1: Bulletin 29 - Peat Resources of Maine, Volume 2: Bulletin 30 - Peat Resources of Maine, Volume 3:

Somerset Counties Bulletin 31 - Peat Resources of Maine, Volume 4:

Western Maine

Aroostook County Penobscot County Piscataquis and

Southern and

Bulletin 32 - Peat Resources of Maine, Volume 5: Washington County Bulletin 33 - Peat Accumulation Rates in Selected Maine Peat Deposits Bulletin 34 - Geochemistry of Selected Maine Peat Deposits Bulletin 35 - Surface Vegetation of Selected Maine Peat Deposits Bulletin 36 - Hydrology of the Great and Denbow Heaths of Eastern Maine

The laws and policies of Maine and the United States prohibit discrimination in Department of Conservaton programs and/or employment because of race, religion, national origin, sex, age, or handicap. Any person who believes discrimination has occurred should contact the Commissioner, Maine Department of Conservation, Station #22, Augusta, Maine 04333; Telephone (207) 289-2211.

CONTENTS

Introduction~~~~~~~_,__,_~_,__,_~~~~~_,_~~~_,_~~~~~~-

1he Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program~~_,__,__,_~~_,__,__,__,__,__,_~

Geologic Setting of Maine Peat Deposits~~~~~_,_~_,_~_,_~_,__,_~_,_~

Formation of Peat Deposits in Maine_,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,_~_,__,__,__,__,__,__,__

Methods of Investigation_,_~_,_~_,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,_

Identification of Maine Peat Resources_,_~~~_,__,__,__,__,_~_,__,_~~_,_~

Peat Resources in Aroostook County_,_~_,_~~_,__,__,__,_~_,__,__,_~~~_,_~

Acknowledgements~_,__,__,__,__,_~~_,__,__,_~~_,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,__,_~_,__,_~

References~_,__,__,_~_,_~~~~~~~~_,_~~~~_,_~~_,__,_~~_,__,_~

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ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1. Location of peat deposits surveyed. under the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program. 3

Figure 2. Schematic maps and cross sections of five stages in the development of domed peat deposits (after Cameron, 197S ). 5

Figure 3. Index map shaving the locations of 42 areas containing one or more peat deposits surveyed in Aroostook County. Glaciomarine sediments deposited. during the recession of the last ice sheet occur within the shaded area (after Thompson and Borns, in press). 25

Figure 4. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog between Mud Lake and Cross Lake, Tl7 RS WELS, Square Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Numl::er 1 on Index Map)._ 26

Figure S. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog southwest of Cross Lake and north of Black Brook, Tl 7 RS WELS and Tl6 RS WELS, Square Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Numter 2 on Index Map). 28

Figure 6. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog between Square Lake and Eagle Lake, Tl6 RS WELS, Square Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 3 on Index Map)._ 30

Figure 7. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of Orchard Bog, Caswell Plantation and Connor 'IWp., Van Buren lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine ( Numl::er 4 on Index Map)._ 3 2

Figure 8. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Little Black Brook Lake, Caswell Plantation, Van Buren lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number S on Index Map)._ 34

Figure 9. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs between Deer and Mud Lakes, Caswell Plantation, Van Buren lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Numl::er 6 on Index Map)._ 36

Figure 10. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog northwest of Pierce Lake and west of Route 16S, Caswell Plantation, Fort Fairfield lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 7 on Index Map). 38

Figure 11. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog 2 miles northeast of Limestone on United States-Canada border, Limestone 'IWp., Fort Fairfield lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 8 on Index Map). 40

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" Figure 12. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Bog Lake,

Tl4 RS WELS, Portage lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, 42 Maine (Number 9 on Index Map).

Figure 13. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along inlet to Salmon Brook Lake, Perham Twp., Caribou lS minute Quadrangle,

44 Aroostook County, Maine (Number 10 on Index Map).

Figure 14. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along . Burpee Brook, Tl3 RS WELS and Ashland 'IWp., Ashland lS minute

46 Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 11 on Index Map)._

Figure lS. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Dead Brook between Pratt Lake Stream and Rowe Lake, Tl 1 R9 WELS, Mooseleuk Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine

48 (Number 12 on Index Map).

Figure 16. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog 0.8 miles north of Big Machias Lake and 1 mile southwest of Clayton Lake, T12 R8 WELS, Mooseleuk Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 13 on Index Map). 52

· Figure 17. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along east inlet of Clayton Lake and southwest of Bald Mountain, Tl2 R8 WELS, Greenlaw lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County,

54 Maine (Number lS on Index Map).

Figure 18. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs at Greenlaw Pond and deadwaters along Greenlaw Stream, Tl2 R7 WELS and Tl2 R8 WELS, Greenlaw lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Numbers 16 and 17 on Index Map). 56

Figure 19. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs east of Chandler Deadwater, T9 R8 WELS, Grand Lake Seboeis lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 18 on Index Map)._ 60

Figure 20. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog south of Shields Brook, TlO R6 WELS, Ashland lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 19 on Index Map). 62

Figure 21. Sketch map, core, and sample analyses of bog 2.S miles northwest of Masardis, Masardis Twp., Ashland lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 20 on Index Map).- 64

Figure 22. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Blackwater River north of Cranberry Pond, TlO R4 WELS (Squapan Twp.), Oxbow lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County,

66 Maine (Number 21 on Index Map).

Figure 23. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Houlton Brook deadwater, T9 RS WELS, Oxbow lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 22 on Index Map). 68

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Figure 24. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog east of Route 11 and northwest of Hall Brook, T9 RS WELS, Oxbow lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 23 on Index Map).- 70

Figure 2S. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs southeast of Beaver Pond and west of Route 11, T8 RS WELS, Oxbow lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 24 on Index Map).- 72

Figure 26. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Smith Pond, T8 RS WELS, Oxbow lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 2S on Index Map). 74

Figure 27. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs on Penobscot-Aroostook County line, 'I7 R6 WELS and 'I7 RS WELS, Oxbow lS minute Quadrangle, Maine (Number 26 on Index Map). 76

Figure 28. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Upper Deadwater on Howe Brook, TS R4 WELS (St. Croix Twp.), Howe Brook 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 27 on Index Map). 78

Figure 29. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs at Lower Deadwater on Howe Brook, T8 R4 WELS (St. Croix Twp.), Howe Brook lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 28 on Index Map). 80

Figure 30. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Smith Brook Pond, 'I7 R3 WELS (Dudley Twp.), Howe Brook and Smyrna Mills lS minute Quadrangles, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 29 on Index Map). 82

Figure 31. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog 2 miles north of Crystal and 1 mile west of junction of Crystal Brook arrl Fish Stream, Crystal Twp., Sherman 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 30 on Index Map) •. 84

Figure 32. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Caribou Lake, Island Falls Twp. and T3 R4 WELS, Mattawamkeag Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 33 on Index Map). 86

Figure 33. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Braley Brook, T2 R4 WELS, Mattawamkeag Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 34 on Index Map). 88

Figure 34. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Orcutt Brook, Glenwood Plantation, Mattawamkeag Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 3S on Index Map).- 90

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Figure 3S. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs at Flinn Pond, Benedicta 'I\.vp. and Tl RS WELS, Sherman and Mattawamkeag lS minute Quadrangles, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 36 on Index Map). 92

Figure 36. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs along Little Molunkus Stream, Tl RS WELS, Mattawamkeag lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 37 on Index Map)._ 94

Figure 37. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Wyman Brook, Tl RS WELS, Mattawamkeag lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 38 on Index Map). 96

Figure 38. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Thompson Deadwater, T2 R4 WELS, Tl R4 WELS (Upper Molunkus 'I'Np.), and Reed Plantation, Mattawamkeag Lake and Wytopitlock lS minute Quadrangles, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 39 on Index Map). 98

Figure 39. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs along Macwahoc Stream near Clay Bluff, Tl R4 WELS (Upper Molunkus 'I\.vp.), Wytopitlock lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 40 on Index Map). 100

Figure 40. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs along Macwahoc Stream at junction with Juniper Brook and at Reed Deadwater, Tl R4 WELS (Upper Molunkus Twp. and North Yarmouth Academy Grant), Wytopitlock lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 41 on Index Map). 10 2

Figure 41. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog adjacent to Crossuntic Stream, Macwahoc and Kingman Twps., Wytopitlock lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook and Penobscot Counties, Maine (Number 42 on Index Map). 106

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TABLES

Table 1. Results of the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program _____ _

Table 2. Field guide to identification and study of Maine peat resources-------------------------~

Table 3. Location, areal extent, estimated resources, and geologic . setting codes of the 42 areas containing peat deposits surveyed in Aroostook County, Maine _____________ _

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INTRODUCTION

Peat is a light to dark brown or almost black residuum formed by the partial decay and disintegration of plants that grew in lakes, marshes, swamps, or damp places such as heaths. It may be fibrous matted material composed of mosses, ferns, grasses, rushes, reeds, sedges, and woody material from trees and shrubs; finely divided plants so decomposed that their biological identity has been lost; or nonf ibrous, plastic, colloidal, and macerated material deposited at the bottom of lakes or other bodies of water. The U.S. Bureau of Mines classifies three general types of peat. Moss peat is material derived from moss; reed-sedge peat is material derived from the reed, sedge, shrub, and tree groups'; and humus peat is material so decomposed that its botanical identity has been obscured and its further oxidation impeded. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) defines commercial-quality peat as only that peat which has an ash content of 25 percent or less (American Society for Testing and Materials, 1969). To avoid confusion with soil-science terminology, in this report sphagnum moss peat is equivalent to fibric peat, reed-sedge peat is equivalent to hemic herbaceous peat, and humus peat is equivalent to sapric peat (Olson et al., 1979).

Peat has been used for many years in agriculture and horticulture primarily because of its ability to retain many times its own weight in water. It has also been used as a domestic fuel for hundreds of years. More recently, peat has been used by nations such as Ireland and the Soviet Union to generate electricity. At the present time, virtually all of the peat harvested in the United States is used in agriculture and horticulture. However, in light of the increasing costs of traditional energy sources, peat is being more closely scrutinized as an alternate fuel source.

Recent estimates suggest that there are as many as 6,000 to 8,000 individual peat deposits in Maine covering a total land area of 500,000 to 750,000 acres. However, only some of these peat deposits have economic potential. 'The Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program was developed to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the State's peat resources. Investigations were generally limited to deposits at least 80 acres in size containing a minimum thickness of 5 feet of commercial quality peat (peat with an ash content of less than 25% ).

'This report summarizes the work conducted in Aroostook County under the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program. It includes sketch maps, cores, and laboratory analyses upon which estimates of the resources are based. These data may be utilized to more accurately assess the energy and agricultural potential of Maine's peatlands. Atlases covering the following areas are also available: Penobscot County; Piscataquis and Somerset Counties; southern and western Maine; and Washington County.

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THE MAINE PEAT RESOURCE EVALUATION PROGRAM

In July 1979, the Maine Office of Energy Resources, in conjunction with the Maine Geological Survey, began the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program. The Program, which was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), was undertaken to determine the amount and location of fuel-grade peat in Maine. Similar DOE/State Peat Resource Evaluation Programs are also being carried out in thirteen other states, including Alaska, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, and South Carolina, whose programs began in 1979. Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Massachusetts, New York, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin initiated programs in 1980 and 1981.

Research on the fuel potential of Maine's peat resources began early in the twentieth century. The first investigations were conducted by Bastin and Davis (1909) and Soper and Osbon (1922) of the U.S. Geological Survey. They were followed by Trefethen and Bradford (1944) of the Maine Geological Survey. The Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program was designed to build upon the peat research and inventory conducted in Maine by the Maine and U.S. Geological Surveys in the 1970's (Cameron, 1975; Cameron and Massey, 1978; Cameron and Anderson, 1979).

Two hundred thirty three areas containing peat deposits were evaluated under the Program (Figure 1 ). During the first field season (1979), 56 areas in Aroostook, Penobscot, Piscataquis, and Washington Counties were investigated (Cameron and Anderson, 1980a, 1980b; Davis and Anderson, 1980 ). Fifty areas in Piscataquis, Somerset, Aroostook, Kennebec, and Waldo Counties were evaluated during the 1980 field season (Cameron and Mullen, 1982; Cameron et al., 1982). In 1981, research efforts were concentrated in the western and southern counties where 56 areas were surveyed (Cameron and Mullen, 1983 ), and in 1982, 50 areas in Washington and southern Aroostook Counties were evaluated (Cameron and Mullen, 1984 ). During a brief final field season in 1983, 21 areas in southern Penobscot County were investigated (Cameron, in preparation). The results on a county by county basis of the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program are shown in Table 1.

GEOLOGIC SETTING OF MAINE PEAT DEPOSITS

Maine is part of the Northern Appalachian Province. Its bedrock consists primarily of metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks which range in age from approximately 350 to 600 million years and are intruded by numerous bodies of granitic rock (Osberg et al., in press). Both the granite bodies and the metamorphic rocks have been subjected to several episodes of folding and faulting, as well as millions of years of weathering, which have resulted in rounded mountains and well-established drainage patterns.

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lJ..I a: :E (/) a. ~ <C r 5 lJ..I z

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• SOMERSET•

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FRANKLIN

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OXFORD

• YORK

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• • AROOSTOOK • • •••• •

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• • • • • • • • • • • ... •• • •• • • • • • •• • • • • • • •

PISCATAQUIS • •• •

Figure 1.

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z m ~ OJ :D c z (j)

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Location of peat deposits surveyed under the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program.

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Table 1. Results of the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program

NUMBER OF ESTIMATED RESOURCES COUNTY DEPOSITS SURVEYED ACREAGE (AIR-DRIED SHORT TONS)

Androscoggin 4 1,160 2, 383, 000 Aroostook 43 11,498 18,851,400 Cumterland 1 200 400,000 Franklin 3 1, 185 2,414, 000 Hancock 5 1,338 2,559,200 Kennebec 8 2,010 4,260,000 Knox 2 227 447, 000 Lincoln 4 402 . 776,200 Oxford s 563 932,000 Penobscot 47 21,666 40,923,000 Piscataquis 29 5,896 8,311,200 Sagadahoc 0 Somerset 20 7,056 14,371,800 Waldo 8 2,893 4,835,800 Washington 48 14,988 32,114,800 York 6 1,875 2,923,000

TOTAL 233 72,957 136,502,400

Much of Maine's bedrock is covered by sediments deposited during the episodes of glaciation that occurred in the last hundred thousand years. Large continental glaciers (as opposed to small alpine glaciers found in mountain valleys) spread southward from Canada until much of northern North America was covered by a sheet of ice hundreds to thousands of feet thick. 'Illese ice sheets·eroded the bedrock and deposited a blanket of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders. As the last ice sheet retreated, much of southern Maine was submerged as the ocean inundated land that had been depressed by the weight of the great thickness of ice (see Figure 3 ). Between about 13, 300 and 12,000 years ago ( Stuiver and Borns, 1975 ), fossiliferous marine sand, silt, and clay were deposited on top of the bedrock and glacial sediments (Thompson and Borns, in press). 'Ille ocean gradually receded as the land surface slowly rebounded.

Erosion by glaciers and deposition of glacial and marine sediments significantly altered preglacial morphology and drainage, creating environments favorable for the formation of peat. Streams and rivers were slowed or dammed. Ponds and lakes formed in bedrock basins or in poor! y drained depressions, particularly those underlain by glacial or marine silt and clay deposits. Where drainage was impaired, the accumulation of undecayed organic material was enhanced.

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FORMATION OF PEAT DEPOSITS IN MAINE

The development of economically significant domed peat deposits typically found in Maine normally progresses through five phases. During the initial phase (Figure 2a), the remains of aquatic plants, such as algae and pond weeds, accumulate over inorganic bottom clay in a pond. When a sufficient thickness of organic material is reached, rooted plants including bulrushes and pond lilies begin to grow. Continued accumulation of aquatic plant remains eventually begins to divert waterflow (Figure 2b) and allow the growth of grasses, sedges, reeds and mosses. Remains of these marsh plants, primarily reed-sedge peat, gradually fill in the basin (Figure 2c).

Peat composed of aquatic plants

Bedrock and/or glacial deposits

2a. Stream flowing into pond deposits sediment and organic material.

Accumulated aquatic plant remains A

Water

Peat composed of aquatic plants

,, ...... '':''"'\'~ ' ['¥'''' YJ 'i •• ·•• " • ~ •.•.•.• -:

--:-:...,:-:-:-_-:-:"".:...,::- -

B

2b. Accumulated aquatic plant remains divert surface water flow.

Diverted _ stream

Water

2c. Remains of marsh plants gradually fill in the basin.

Figure 2. Schematic maps and cross sections of five stages in the development of domed peat deposits (after Cameron, 1975).

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In the fourth stage (Figure 2d), the peat-forming vegetation spreads out beyond the margins of the original basin, forming a continuous flat surface. At this stage, surface water flowing toward the bog and ground water from adjacent aquifers lack the energy necessary to reach the centers of the peat-filled depressions. Because the mineral content of the water supply is greatest at the edges of the marsh, plants along the margins increase in variety and abundance. A less diverse plant assemblage including sphagnum moss becomes established away from the deposit edges. With time, the proportion of sphagnum increases.

When sphagnum moss becomes the dominant species, moss peat begins to accumulate in a convex mass or dome (Fiqure 2e ). In this fifth stage, streams and ground water can contribute to the water supply only along the narrow strip between the dome of peat and the mineral soil. This strip, called the moat, collects runoff from both the mineral soil and the slopes of the dome of sphagnum peat. Eutrophic marsh and swamp grasses, shrubs, and trees grow where they are fed by the nutrient-rich surface and ground water and soil, while the mosses and heath vegetation on the dome are oligotrophic, receiving nutrients solely from precipitation. A water table is maintained within the dome by capillarity.

2d. Marsh plants spread out beyond the edges of the original basin.

Marsh Dome of sphagnum peat

Marsh

2e. Heath-covered sphagnum dome forms with perched water table.

Figure 2. Continued.

Peat deposits in Maine may be covered by marsh, swamp, or heath vegetation according to the phase of peatland development. Floods and fires during any phase may have destroyed all or part of a peat deposit, while variations in climate or nutrient input may change the rate of growth and decomposition. Therefore, deposits in varying stages of development are common.

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METHODS OF INVESTIGATION

Not all peat deposits are considered peat resources. A peat deposit is simply an accumulation of peat, whereas a peat resource contains enough commercial quality peat (peat that has an ash content of 25 percent or less) for economic exploitation. For use as a fuel, the peat must also have a minimum heating value of 8,000 BTU/lb. Under the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program, deposits that appeared to be at least 80 acres in size with a minimum average thickness of 5 feet of commercial quality peat were considered for study. Actual field measurements often resulted in fewer acres of commercial quality peat.

Potential sites were selected using topographic, soils, and geologic maps; aerial photographs; and other previously published information available for the region to be investigated. These potential sites were ranked based on factors such as accessibility and the likelihood of a deposit containing significant peat resources. Using this ranking, the most promising sites were selected for field study.

In the field, the extent of the deposit was determined by pace and compass traverses, with the bearing and spacing of the traverses dependent on the size and configuration of the deposit. At regular intervals along the traverses, generally 500 feet, cores were obtained with a Macaulay or Davis peat sampler. Samples were taken for subsequent laboratory analysis, and factors such as surface vegetation, type and distribution of peat (both horizontally and vertically), and geomorphic characteristics were noted.

Estimates of commercial-quality resources were made in accordance with ASTM standards ( 1969) and were based on acre-feet of peat where the peat is five or more feet thick and has an ash content not greater than 25 percent. Tonnage figures throughout the report are for air-dried peat (approximately 30% moisture). The formula used for converting acre-feet of peat to short tons of air-dried peat was originally developed by Bastin and Davis, who summarized the procedure:

11 the quantity of peat in a deposit may readily be calculated with enough accuracy for practical purposes, by obtaining its average depth and its area, and that it will yield at least 200 tons of dry machine-made fuel per acre, for each foot in depth." (Bastin and Davis, 1909, p. 24)

The formula is as follows:

(average weight in pounds Volume of wet peat in bog, of l cubic foot of Volume of wet peat ln bog,

ln cubic feet machine-made peat) in cubic feet Number of tons of air---------- x -------- = dried machine-made peat

4 2,000 200 which the bog can produce (number of cubic feet of (pounds ln short ton) wet peat equal to l cubic foot of machine-made peat)

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IDENTIFICATION OF MAINE PEAT RESOURCES

Resource potential is determined by the chemical and physical quality of the peat and the thickness and areal extent of the deposit. These factors result from the various environments in which the peat accumulated. Environmental factors fundan1ental to the development and preservation of the deposit include: type of unconsolidated sediment and bedrock foundation; glacial processes that affected the surf ace morphology; surface and ground water regimes; climate; and influences of flooding, fires, and human activities.

A guide combining these environmental factors has been developed (Cameron, 1983; in press) and applied to the peat deposits studied. Each deposit was assigned a geologic setting code based on the system outlined in Table 2 and explained below. The setting code can be used to help predict whether or not a peat deposit may in fact be a peat resource.

The two primary headings for deposits in Maine are: I. Deposits within the region of maximum marine invasion, and II. Deposits outside the region of maximum marine invasion. The location of a deposit relative to the marine limit (Figure 3) is important. Isostatic depression of the crust by glacial ice, followed by a worldwide rise in sea level ( Stuiver and Borns, 1975), caused much of southern Maine to be submerged by the ocean. The fine-grained sediments deposited during this period of inundation provided settings particularly favorable to the formation of peat. The poor drainage caused by these silts and clays resulted in the development of wetlands in which peat could accumulate. In addition, climate, especially humidity, influences size, height, and amount of sphagnum in economically significant raised bogs. The area between the marine limit and the present coastline typically has relatively high humidity which is conducive to both the growth of peat-forming vegetation and the preservation of their remains. The July average humidity at 8 PM (EST) is greater than 70 percent (Visher, 1954, p. 186).

The secondary headings of Table 2 refer to the major categories of underlying bedrock. The topography of Maine, although modified significantly by glacial processes, is bedrock controlled. The type and structure of the local bedrock influences the shape and orientation of preglacial valleys and basins which provide the settings for peat bogs. In addition, such economically important indicators as ash content, trace-element content, pH, and the occurrence of marl are related, at least indirectly, to the local or regional bedrock.

The tertiary headings are based on a synthesis of factors related to surf ace and ground water regimes, permeability and water-table fluctuations, as well as past and present effects of fires and flooding or ponding. Surface and ground water flow rates, for example, affect soil chemistry and help control growth and decay of peat-forming vegetation. The greatest breakdown of peat fibers takes place in the zone of watertable fluctuation where aerobic bacteria help produce reed-sedge and sphagnum peat. Extreme breakdown of peat fibers results in an ash content

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that is too high for commercial quality peat. Introduction of clay or silt by streams also reduces resource potential by increasing ash content. In addition, a potentially economically valuable raised bog may be destroyed by fire, or a currently economically valuable peat deposit may be concealed by ponding.

PEAT RESOURCES IN AROOSTOOK COUNTY

A total of 42 deposits covering 11,498 acres and containing 18,851,400 short tons (dry weight) of peat in Aroostook County (Figure 3 and Table 3) have been evaluated under the Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program. These deposits range in size from 30 to 1,936 acres and in estimated resources from 48,000 to 3,872,000 short tons. Maps of individual deposits showing the distribution and depth of peat, core sites, and the surficial geology of the area adjacent to the deposits are shown in Figures 4-41. Cores showing the vertical distribution of peat and sediment as well as sample locations, and the results of laboratory analyses are also included.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project was supported by funds furnished by the U.S. Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG18-79ET14690, the Maine Office of Energy Resources, the Maine Geological Survey, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The assistance of Robert Tucker, Bennett Wilson, Robert Johnston, John Poisson, and Catherine Stultz in the preparation of this report is greatly appreciated. The excellent field assistance of Vernon Shaw and Robert Johnston is also gratefully acknowledged.

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Table 2. Field guide to identification and study of Maine peat resources.

I. Deposit within the region of maximum marine invasion. If not turn to II.

A. Bedrock largely folded sedimentary, metasedimentary, or layered volcanics. If not turn to B. Select appropriate number and letter under A or Bo

1. Deposit in glacial drift in hills or mountains at the head of a stream - !Al

2. Deposit in end or ribbed moraine - IA2

3. Deposit in kame or kettle topography - IA3

4. Deposit in till parallel to drumlins or other ice contact features - IA4

S. Deposit in alluvium, till, or glacial outwash in valley along stream a. behind natural levee or on plain subject to flooding - IASa b. where deadwater reaches of stream flow on deposit - IASb c. adjacent to esker - IASc d. in drift-dammed bedrock valley; natural levees, deadwater

reaches, or eskers not conspicuous - IASd

6. Deposit in glacial outwash in valley remote from stream; outwash may include eskers - IA6

7. Deposit in glacial outwash and till on broad plain crossed by streams and eskers - IA7

8. Deposit on glaciomarine sediments a. in valley between till ridges, glacial outwash, or till

covered bedrock walls - IA8a b. in basin or on plain between till ridges, glacial outwash,

or till-covered bedrock ridges - IA8b c. on plain adjacent to large stream - IA8c

9. Deposit in till or glacial outwash along a lake or pond a. separated from lake or pond by esker or bedrock - IA9a b. that has been artificially dammed - IA9b c. which deposit has incompletely filled - IA9c

10. Deposit in till or glacial outwash on drained pond or lake floor - IAlO

11. Deposit on tidal flat; peat generally too shallow to be a resource - IAl 1

12. Deposit a thin blanket over consolidated or unconsolidated rock slopes; peat too shallow to be a resource - IA12

10

Table 2. Continued.

I. Deposit within the region of maximum marine invasion.

B. Bedrock largely massive plutonic rock such as granite and gabbro

1. Deposit in glacial drift in hills or mountains at the head of a st ream - IBl

2. Deposit in end or ribbed moraine - IB2

3. Deposit in kame or kettle topography - IB3

4.. Deposit in till parallel to drumlins or other ice contact deposits - IB4

5. Deposit in alluvium, till, or glacial outwash in valley along stream a. behind natural levee or on plain subject to flooding - IBSa b. where deadwater reaches of stream flow on deposit - IBSb c. adjacent to esker - IBSc d. in drift-dammed bedrock valley; natural levees, deadwater

reaches, or eskers not conspicuous - IBSd

6. Deposit in glacial outwash in valley remote from stream; outwash may include eskers - IB6

7. Deposit i.n outwash and till on broad plain crossed by streams and eskers - IB7

8. Deposit on glaciomarine sediments a. in valley between till ridges, glacial outwash, or till

covered bedrock walls - IB8a b. in basin or on plain between till ridges, glacial outwash,

or till-covered bedrock ridges - IB8b c. on plain adjacent to large stream - IB8c

9. Deposit in till or glacial outwash along a lake or pond a. separated from lake or pond by esker or bedrock - IB9a b. that has been artifically dammed - IB9b c. which deposit has incompletely filled - IB9c

10. Deposit in till or glacial outwash on drained pond or lake floor - IBlO

11. Deposit on tidal flat; peat generally too shallow to be a resource - IBll

12. Deposit a thin blanket over consolidated or unconsolidated rock slopes; peat too shallow to be a resource - IB12

11

Table 2. Continued.

II. Deposit outside the region of maximum marine invasion

A., Bedrock largely folded sedimentary, metasedimentary, or layered volcanics. If not turn to B. Select appropriate number and letter under A or B.

1. Deposit in glacial drift on flat to rolling plain; bedrock is limestone, dolomite, or marble - IIAl

2. Deposit in ground moraine in hills or mountains at the head of a stream - IIA2

3. Deposit in end or ribbed moraine - IIA3

4. Deposit in kame or kettle topography - IIA4

5. Deposit in till parallel to drumlins or other ice contact deposits - IIAS

6. Deposit in alluvium, till, or glacial outwash in valley along stream a. behind natural levee or plain subject· to stream flooding ~ IIA6a b. where deadwater reaches of stream flow on deposit - IIA6b c. adjacent to esker - IIA6c d. in drift-dammed bedrock valley; natural levees, deadwater

reaches, or eskers not conspicuous - IIA6d

7. Deposit in glacial outwash in valley remote from stream; outwash may include eskers - IIA7

8. Deposit in outwash and till on broad plain crossed by streams and eskers - IIA8

9. Deposit in till or glacial outwash along a lake or pond a. separated from lake or pond by esker or bedrock - IIA9a b. that has been artificially dammed - IIA9b c. which the deposit has incompletely filled - IIA9c

10. Deposit in till or glacial outwash on drained pond or lake floor - !!Al O

11. Deposit a thin blanket over consolidated or unconsolidated rock slopes; peat too shallow to be a resource - IIAll

12

Table 2. Continued.

II. Deposit outside the region of maximum marine invasion

B. Bedrock largely plutonic rock such as granite and gabbro

1. Deposit in glacial drift on flat to rolling plain - IIBl

2. Deposit in ground moraine in hills or mountains at the head of a stream - IIB2

3. Deposit in end or ribbed moraine - IIB3

4. Deposit in kame or kettle topography - IIB4

5. Deposit in till parallel to drumlins or other ice contact deposits - IIBS

6. Deposit in alluvium, till, or glacial outwash in valley along stream a. behind natural levee or plain subject to stream flooding - IIB6a b. where deadwater reaches of stream flow on deposit - IIB6b c. adjacent to esker - IIB6c d. in drift-dammed bedrock valley; natural levees, deadwater

reaches, or eskers not conspicuous - IIB6d

7. Deposit in glacial outwash in basin remote from stream; outwash may include eskers - IIB7

8. Deposit in outwash and till on broad plain crossed by streams and eskers - IIB8

9. Deposit in till or glacial outwash along a lake or pond a. separated from lake or pond by esker or bedrock - IIB9a b. that has been artificially dammed - IIB9b c. which the deposit has incompletely filled - IIB9c

10. Deposit in till or glacial outwash on drained pond or lake floor - IIBlO

11. Deposit a thin blanket over consolidated or unconsolidated rock slopes; peat too shallow to be a resource - II Bl 1

13

Tab

le 3

. L

oca

tio

n,

are

al

ex

ten

t,

esti

mat

ed r

eso

urc

es,

and

geo

log

ic s

ett

ing

co

des

of

the

43

are

as

co

nta

inin

g p

eat

dep

osi

ts s

urv

eyed

in

A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty,

Mai

ne

Acr

es o

f co

mm

erci

al q

ual

ity

pea

t E

stim

ated

re-

(pea

t at

least

5 f

eet

thic

k w

ith

so

urc

es

(sh

ort

D

epo

sit

ash

co

nte

nt

no

t ex

ceed

ing

to

ns

air

-dri

ed

G

eolo

gic

N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

2S

per

cen

t)

pea

t)

sett

ing

cod

e

1 B

og b

etw

een

Mud

L

ake

and

36

0 o

f w

hic

h 2

30

hav

e an

av

erag

e 49

8,00

0 II

A6d

C

ross

L

ake,

T

l7 R

S W

EL

S,

thic

kn

ess

of

8 fe

et

and

130

h

ave

Sq

uar

e L

ake

lS m

inu

te

an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 5

feet

Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

C

ou

nty

2 B

og s

ou

thw

est

of

Cro

ss

320

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

192,

000

IIA

lO

Lak

e an

d n

ort

h o

f B

lack

3

feet

B

rook

, T

l 7 R

S W

ELS

and

T

l6 R

S yY

ELS,

S

qu

are

Lak

e 15

m

inu

te Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

.......

.j::i.

3 B

og b

etw

een

Sq

uar

e L

ake

210

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

168,

000

IIA

lO

and

Eag

le L

ake,

T

l6 R

S 4

feet

W

EL

S,

Sq

uar

e L

ake

lS

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

4 O

rch

ard

Bog

, C

asw

ell

262

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

314,

400

IIA

l P

lan

tati

on

an

d C

on

no

r 6

feet

'!W

p.,

Van

B

ure

n

lS m

inu

te

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

s B

og a

t L

ittl

e B

lack

Bro

ok

SO

o

f w

hic

h 3

S ha

ve a

n a

ver

age

88,0

00

IIA

l L

ake,

C

asw

ell

Pla

nta

tio

n,

thic

kn

ess

of

10

feet

an

d

15

hav

e V

an

Bu

ren

lS

m

inu

te Q

uad

-an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 6

feet

ra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

Tab

le 3

. C

on

tin

ued

.

Acr

es o

f co

mm

erci

al q

uali

ty p

eat

Est

imat

ed re

-(p

eat

at

least

5

feet

th

ick

wit

h

sou

rces

(sh

ort

D

epo

sit

ash

co

nte

nt

no

t ex

ceed

ing

to

ns

air

-dri

ed

G

eolo

gic

N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

25

per

cen

t}

pea

t)

sett

ing

co

de

6 B

ogs

bet

wee

n D

eer

and

Mud

30

9 o

f w

hic

h 2

35

hav

e an

av

erag

e 45

0,00

0 II

Al

Lak

es,

Cas

wel

l P

lan

tati

on

, th

ick

ness

o

f 8

feet

an

d 7

4 h

ave

Van

Bu

ren

15

m

inu

te Q

uad

-an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

5 fe

et

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

7 B

og n

ort

hw

est

of

Pie

rce

45 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

54

,000

II

Al

Lak

e an

d w

est

of

Ro

ute

6

feet

16

5,

Cas

wel

l P

lan

tati

on

, F

ort

Fair

field

15

min

ute

Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

C

ou

nty

I-

' U

1

8 B

og 2

mil

es

no

rth

east

of

44

of

wh

ich

27

hav

e an

av

erag

e 71

,000

II

Al

Lim

esto

ne

on

U.S

.-C

anad

a th

ick

ness

of

10

feet

an

d

17

hav

e b

ord

er,

Lim

esto

ne

Tw

p.,

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

5 fe

et

Fo

rt F

air

field

15

m

inu

te

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

9 B

og a

t B

og

Lak

e,

Tl4

RS

7 5 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

60

,000

II

A9c

W

EL

S,

Po

rtag

e 15

m

inu

te

4 fe

et

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

10

Bog

alo

ng

in

let

to

Sal

mo

n

245

wit

h a

n

aver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

245,

000

IIA

6b

Bro

ok

Lak

e,

Per

ham

Tu

p.,

5

feet

C

arib

ou

15

min

ute

Qu

ad-

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

11

Bog

alo

ng

B

urp

ee B

roo

k,

590

of

wh

ich

430

h

ave

an

aver

age

848,

000

IIA

6b

Tl3

RS

WE

LS

and

Ash

lan

d

thic

kn

ess

o

f 8

feet

an

d 1

60

hav

e T

wp.

, A

shla

nd

15

m

inu

te

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

5

feet

Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

C

ou

nty

Tab

le

3.

Co

nti

nu

ed.

Acr

es o

f co

mm

erci

al q

ual

ity

pea

t E

stim

ated

re

-(p

eat

at

least

5 f

eet

thic

k w

ith

so

urc

es

(sh

ort

D

epo

sit

ash

co

nte

nt

no

t ex

ceed

ing

to

ns

air

-dri

ed

G

eolo

gic

N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

25

per

cen

t)

peat

} se

ttin

g c

ode

12

Bog

alo

ng

Dea

d B

roo

k

280

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

672,

000

IIA

6b

bet

wee

n P

ratt

Lak

e S

trea

m

12

feet

an

d R

owe

Lak

e,

Tl 1

R9

WE

LS,

M

oose

leuk

L

ake

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

13

Bog

0.8

m

iles

n

ort

h o

f B

ig

142

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

142,

000

IIA

2 M

achi

as

Lak

e an

d

1 m

ile

5 fe

et

sou

thw

est

of

Cla

yto

n

Lak

e,

Tl2

R8

WE

LS,

M

oose

leuk

L

ake

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

.......

14

Sw

amp

at

hea

d o

f n

ort

h-

Not

re

com

men

ded

as a

p

eat

reso

urc

e --

IIA

2 O

'I fl

ow

ing

str

eam

n

ort

hea

st

of

Cla

yto

n

Lak

e,

Tl2

R8

WE

LS,

M

oose

leuk

L

ake

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

15

Bog

alo

ng

east

in

let

of

30 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 48

,000

U

A6b

C

lay

ton

L

ake

and

so

uth

-8

feet

w

est

of

Bal

d M

ount

ain,

T

l2 R

8 W

EL

S,

Gre

enla

w

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

16

Bog

s at

Gre

enla

w P

ond

285

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

342,

000

IIA

6b

and

dea

dw

ater

s al

on

g

6 fe

et

Gre

enla

w S

trea

m,

Tl2

R7

WEL

S an

d T

l2 R

8 W

EL

S,

Gre

enla

w 1

5 m

inu

te Q

uad

-ra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

Tab

le

3.

Co

nti

nu

ed.

Acr

es o

f co

mm

erci

al q

ual

ity

pea

t E

stim

ated

re-

(pea

t at

least

5

feet

th

ick

wit

h

sou

rces

(s

ho

rt

Dep

osi

t as

h c

on

ten

t n

ot

exce

edin

g

ton

s air

-dri

ed

G

eolo

gic

N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

25

perc

en

t)

pea

t)

sett

ing

co

de

17

Bog

so

uth

east

of

Gre

enla

w

50

wit

h a

n

aver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

60,0

00

IIA

6b

Po

nd

on

dea

dw

ater

, T

l2 R

.7 6

feet

W

EL

S,

Gre

enla

w

15

min

ute

Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

C

ou

nty

18

Bog

s east

of

Ch

and

ler

335

of

wh

ich

165

hav

e an

av

erag

e 50

0,00

0 II

A6b

D

ead

wat

er,

T9

R8

WE

LS,

th

ick

ness

of

10

feet

an

d

170

hav

e G

ran

d L

ake

Seb

oei

s 15

an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 5

feet

m

inu

te Q

uad

ran

gle

, I-

' A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

-..J

19

Bog

so

uth

of

Sh

ield

s 80

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

128,

000

IIA

6d

Bro

ok

, T

lO

R6

WE

LS,

8

feet

A

shla

nd

15

min

ute

Qu

ad-

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

20

Bog

2.5

m

iles

n

ort

hw

est

50

wit

h a

n

aver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

50,0

00

IIA

2 of

Mas

ard

is,

Mas

ard

is

5 fe

et

Tw

p.,

Ash

lan

d 1

5 m

inu

te

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

21

Bog

alo

ng

B

lack

wat

er

325

of w

hic

h 1

85 h

ave

an

aver

age

538,

000

IIA

6b

Riv

er

no

rth

of

Cra

nb

err

y

thic

kn

ess

of

10

feet

, 70

h

ave

an

Pon

d,

TlO

R

4 W

EL

S,

Oxb

ow

aver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

7 fe

et,

and

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

70

hav

e an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

5

feet

22

Bog

alo

ng

H

ou

lto

n

Bro

ok

21

5 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

258,

000

IIA

6b

dea

dw

ater

, T

9 R

S W

EL

S,

6 fe

et

Oxb

ow

15

min

ute

Qu

ad-

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

....... co

Tab

le 3

. C

on

tin

ued

.

Dep

osi

t N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

23

Bog

east

of

Ro

ute

11

and

n

ort

hw

est

of

Hal

l B

rook

, T

9 R

S W

EL

S,

Oxb

ow

lS m

inu

te Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

24

Bog

s so

uth

east

of

Bea

ver

P

on

d a

nd

wes

t o

f R

oute

11

, T

8 R

S W

EL

S,

Oxb

ow

lS

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

2S

26

27

28

Bog

at

Sm

ith

Pon

d,

T8

RS

WE

LS,

O

xbow

lS

m

inu

te

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

Bog

s o

n

Pen

ob

sco

tA

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty l

ine,

T7

R6

WEL

S an

d T

7 R

S W

EL

S,

Oxb

ow

lS m

inu

te

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

Bog

at

Up

per

Dea

dw

ater

o

n

How

e B

roo

k,

TS

R4

WEL

S (S

t. C

roix

Tw

p.),

H

owe

Bro

ok

lS

min

ute

Qu

ad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

Bog

s at

Low

er D

ead

wat

er

on

How

e B

rook

, T

8 R

4 W

ELS

(St.

Cro

ix '

IWp.

),

How

e B

roo

k

lS m

inu

te Q

uad

ra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

Acr

es o

f co

mm

erci

al q

ual

ity

pea

t (p

eat

at

least

S f

eet

thic

k w

ith

as

h c

on

ten

t n

ot

exce

edin

g

2S

perc

en

t)

SO

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

8 fe

et

lOS

of

whi

ch 8

0 ha

ve a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

8 fe

et

and

25

h

ave

an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 6

feet

460

of

wh

ich

140

hav

e an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

10 f

eet

and

320

ha

ve

an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 6

feet

lSO

o

f w

hic

h 7

0 ha

ve a

n

aver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

8 fe

et

and

80

hav

e an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 6

feet

145

of

whi

ch 1

20 h

ave

an a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

9 fe

et

and

2S

hav

e an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s of

S

feet

6S

of

wh

ich

40

hav

e an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

7 fe

et

and

is

hav

e an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f S

feet

Est

imat

ed r

e

sou

rces

(s

ho

rt

ton

s air

-dri

ed

p

eat)

80,0

00

1S8,

000

664,

000

208,

000

241,

000

81,0

00

Geo

log

ic

sett

ing

cod

e

IIA

2

IIA

6d

IIA

6b

IIA

2

IIA

6b

IIA

6c

Tab

le

3.

Co

nti

nu

ed.

Acr

es o

f co

mm

erci

al q

ual

ity

pea

t E

stim

ated

re-

(pea

t at

least

5 f

eet

thic

k w

ith

so

urc

es

(sh

ort

D

epo

sit

ash

co

nte

nt

no

t ex

ceed

ing

to

ns

air

-dri

ed

G

eolo

gic

N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

25

perc

en

t)

pea

t)

sett

ing

co

de

29

Bog

at

Sm

ith

Bro

ok

Pon

d,

90

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

90,0

00

IIA

6b

T7

R3

WE

LS

(Dud

ley

'IWp.

),

5 fe

et

How

e B

roo

k a

nd

Sm

yrn

a M

ills

15

m

inu

te Q

uad

-ra

ng

les,

A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

30

Bog

2 m

iles

n

ort

h o

f 12

5 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

125,

000

IIA

6c

Cry

stal

an

d

1 m

ile

wes

t o

f 5

feet

ju

nct

ion

of

Cry

stal

Bro

ok

an

d F

ish

Str

eam

, C

ryst

al

~

Tw

p.,

Sh

erm

an

15 m

inu

te

l.O

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

31

Th

ou

san

d A

cre

Bog

, 1,

125

wit

h a

n

aver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

2,25

0,00

0 II

A8

Cry

stal

and

S

her

man

Tw

ps.,

10

fe

et

Sh

erm

an

15 m

inu

te Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

32

Sw

amps

an

d s

mal

l h

eath

s 1,

936

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

3,87

2,00

0 II

A8

sou

thea

st

of

Ban

go

r an

d

10

feet

A

roo

sto

ok

Rai

lro

ad b

etw

een

C

ryst

al

and

Sh

erm

an

Sta

tio

ns,

S

her

man

an

d C

ryst

al

'!Wps

., S

her

man

15

m

inu

te Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

33

Bog

at

Car

ibo

u L

ake,

36

5 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

730,

000

IIA

9c

Isla

nd

Fal

ls '

IWp.

an

d

10

feet

T

3 R

4 W

EL

S,

Mat

taw

amke

ag

Lak

e 15

m

inu

te Q

uad

-ra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

Tab

le

3.

Co

nti

nu

ed.

Acr

es

of

com

mer

cial

qu

alit

y p

eat

Est

imat

ed r

e-

(pea

t at

least

5

feet

th

ick

wit

h

sou

rces

(s

ho

rt

Dep

osi

t as

h c

on

ten

t n

ot

exce

edin

g

ton

s air

-dri

ed

G

eolo

gic

N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

25

perc

en

t)

pea

t)

sett

ing

co

de

34

Bog

alo

ng

B

rale

y B

rook

, 16

0 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

256,

000

IIA

6b

T2

R4

WE

LS,

M

atta

wam

keag

8

feet

L

ake

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

3S

Bog

at

Orc

utt

B

roo

k,

320

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

640,

000

IIA

6b

Gle

nwoo

d P

lan

tati

on

, 10

fe

et

Mat

taw

amke

ag L

ake

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

36

Bog

s at

Fli

nn

P

ond,

B

ene-

250

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

S00

,000

II

A9c

d

icta

'IW

p.

and

Tl

RS

WE

LS,

10

fe

et

Sh

erm

an a

nd

Mat

taw

amke

ag

l S m

inu

te Q

uad

ran

gle

s,

N

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

0

37

Bog

s al

on

g L

ittl

e M

olun

kus

320

wit

h a

n a

ver

age

thic

kn

ess

of

320,

000

IIA

6b

Str

eam

, T

l R

S W

EL

S,

5 fe

et

Mat

taw

amke

ag 1

5 m

inu

te

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k

Co

un

ty

38

Bog

alo

ng

Wym

an

Bro

ok

, 20

0 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

400,

000

IIA

6b

Tl

RS

WE

LS,

M

atta

wam

keag

10

fe

et

lS

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

39

Bog

at

Tho

mps

on D

eadw

ater

, 13

0 of

wh

ich

80

have

an

av

erag

e 16

2,00

0 II

A6b

T

2 R

4 W

EL

S,

Tl

R4

WE

LS

thic

kn

ess

of

7 fe

et

and

50

have

(U

pp

er M

olu

nk

us

Tw

p.),

an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s of

5

feet

an

d R

eed

Pla

nta

tio

n,

Mat

taw

amke

ag L

ake

and

W

yto

pit

lock

15

min

ute

Q

uad

ran

gle

s, A

roo

sto

ok

C

ou

nty

Tab

le 3

. C

on

tin

ued

.

Acr

es o

f co

mm

erci

al q

ual

ity

pea

t E

stim

ated

re-

(pea

t at

least

5 f

eet

thic

k w

ith

so

urc

es

(sh

ort

D

epo

sit

ash

co

nte

nt

no

t ex

ceed

ing

to

ns

air

-dri

ed

G

eolo

gic

N

umbe

r L

oca

tio

n

25

perc

en

t)

pea

t)

sett

ing

cod

e

40

Bog

s al

on

g M

acw

ahoc

24

0 w

ith

an

av

erag

e th

ick

ness

of

480,

000

IIA

5 S

trea

m n

ear

Cla

y B

luff

, 10

fe

et

Tl

R4

WEL

S (U

pp

er M

olun

kus

Tw

p.),

W

yto

pit

lock

15

m

inu

te Q

uad

ran

gle

, A

roo

sto

ok

Co

un

ty

41

Bog

s al

on

g M

acw

ahoc

80

0 o

f w

hic

h 7

00

have

an

av

erag

e 1,

500,

000

IIA

6b

Str

eam

at

jun

ctio

n w

ith

th

ick

ness

of

10

feet

an

d

100

have

Ju

nip

er B

roo

k a

nd

at

Ree

d an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s of

5

feet

rv

D

eadw

ater

, T

l R

4 W

ELS

I-'

(Up

per

Mo

lun

ku

s T

wp.

an

d

No

rth

Yar

mo

uth

Aca

dem

y G

ran

t),

Wy

top

itlo

ck

15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k C

ou

nty

42

Bog

ad

jace

nt

to C

ross

un

tic

160

of

wh

ich

80

have

an

av

erag

e 36

8,00

0 II

A6b

S

trea

m,

Mac

wah

oc a

nd

th

ick

ness

of

15

feet

an

d 8

0 h

ave

Kin

gm

an T

wp

s.,

Wy

top

itlo

ck

an

av

erag

e th

ick

nes

s o

f 8

·fee

t 15

min

ute

Qu

adra

ng

le,

Aro

ost

oo

k a

nd

P

eno

bsc

ot

Co

un

ties

REFERENCES

American Society for Testing and Materials, 1969, 02607-69, Standard classification of peats, mosses, humus, and related products: 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103, l p.

Bastin, E. S., and Davis, C. A., 1909, Peat Deposits of Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 376, 127 p.

Cameron, C. C., 1975, Some Peat Deposits in Washington and Southeastern Aroostook Counties, Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1317-C, 40 p.

Cameron, C. C., 1983, Environmental classification of the peat deposits in the wetlands of Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 83-413, 15 p.

Cameron, C. C., in press, Geology of peat deposits as it affects the exploitation of the economic commodity: Proceedings of the 7th International Peat Congress, Dublin, Ireland; June 1984.

Cameron, C. C., in preparation, Sketch maps, sections and laboratory analyses of peat resources in deposits in Aroostook, Penobscot and Piscataquis Counties, Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report.

Cameron, C. C., and Anderson, W. A., 1979, ·some peat deposits in Penobscot County, Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 79-1096, 31 p.

Cameron, C. C., and Anderson, W. A., 1980a, Peat resources of the Great Heath, Washington County, Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 80-379, 31 p.

Cameron, C. C., and Anderson, W. A., 1980b, Some peat deposits in northern Penobscot, eastern Piscataquis, and eastern Aroostook Counties, Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 80-718, 47 p.

Cameron, C. C., Lepage, C. A., Anderson, W. A., and Davis, J., 1982, Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program: 1980 Field Season: Maine Geol. Survey Open-File Report 82-8, 167 p.

Cameron, C. C., and Massey, W. D., 1978, Some peat deposits in northern Hancock County, Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 78-210, 18 p.

Cameron, C. C., and Mullen, M. K., 1982, Sketch maps, sections and laboratory analyses of peat resources in and near Piscataquis and Somerset Counties and northeastern Aroostook County, Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 82-454, 159 p.

22

Cameron, C. C., and Mullen, M. K., 1983, Sketch maps, sections and laboratory analyses of peat resources in deposits of southern and western Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 83-18, 139 p.

Cameron, C. C., and Mullen, M. K., 1984, Sketch maps, sections and laboratory analyses of peat resources in deposits in eastern Maine: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 84-394, 153 p.

Davis, J., and Anderson, W., 1980, Maine Peat Resource Evaluation Program: 1979 Field Season: Maine Geol. Survey Open-File Report 80-5, 94 p.

Olson, D. J., Malterer, T. J., Mellem, D. R., Levelling, B., and Tome, E. J., 1979, Inventory of peat resources in S.W. St. Louis County, Minnesota: Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Peat Inventory Project, 7 6 p.

Osberg, P. H., Hussey, A. M., and Boone, G. M., in press, Bedrock Geologic Map of Maine, scale 1 :500,000: Maine Geological Survey.

Soper, E. K., and Osbon, E. C., 1922, The occurrence and uses of peat in the United States: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 728, 207 p.

Stuiver, M., and Borns, H. W., Jr., 1975, Late Quaternary marine invasion in Maine: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 86, p. 99-104.

Thompson, W. B., and Borns, H. W., Jr., in press, Surficial Geologic Map of Maine, scale 1: 500, 000: Maine Geological Survey.

Trefethen, J. M., and Bradford, R. B., 1944, Domestic Fuel Possibilities of Maine Peat: Maine Geol. Survey Bull. 1, 47 p.

Visher, S. S., 1954, Climate atlas of the United States: Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 403 p.

23

24

z m :i! :c )> $

SOMERSET

FRANKLIN

Jl .OXFORD :c jj m

9 10 9 9

AROOSTOOK 9

11 149 J6

139~ •17

12•

19- 920 • 921

,..._9.._'B--229 923

924 927

PISCAT AOUIS

925 928

26

36 9

37 •

Figure 3.

029

z m :i! OJ JJ c z (fJ

:i! ()

="

WASHINGTON

Index map showing the locations of 42 areas containing one or more peat deposits surveyed in Aroostook County. Glaciomarine sediments deposited during the recession of the last ice sheet occur within the shaded area (after Thompson and Borns, in press).

25

eQ

N

I 0 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION

Open heath; peat averages 8 feet thick


Glacial drift

Location and number of core

ESTIMATED PEAT RESOURCES

Acres Average thickness

(feet)

8 s

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

Geologic setting code: IIA6d

230 130 360

368,000 130,000 498,000

Figure 4. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog between Mud Lake and Cross Lake, Tl 7 RS WELS, Square Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 1 on Index Map).

26

I II rn w

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35

Feet

]

Sample number

79-689 79-690 79-692 79-693 79-694 79-695

'79-696 79-697 79-698 79-699 79-700 79-702 79-703 79-704 79-706 79-707 79-708 79-710 79-711 79-713 79-714 79-716 79-717 79-719

EXPLANATION OF CORES

00 Core number Peat, ash content less than the 25 percent maximum for commercial quality peat

Clayey peat and peaty clay

Clay and silt

LlJ Sand

8J Rock and gravel ~ Number of sample 00-0000 and

location in core

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1=79- 689 179~690 179-693179-696179-699179-703 l9-707 179-711 ..... 79 692 .. 79-694 79-697 79-700 79-704 79-708

., ... 79-695 ..... 9-710 .... 79-713 •.•. :<·:· 79-698 w 79-702 :·:·: 79-706 ::::~ ... ..

9 10

179-714

79-716 179-717

79-719 .

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent Percent drl weisht Percent dry wei5l:ht water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur

pH received matter carbon

---------------------------------- ----------------------------------4.75 95,4 72.8 24.9 2.3 6.6 59.6 2.0 0.2 4.18 87. 2 71. 2 26.9 1.9 5.6 60.8 l. 5 0.2 4.75 71. 20 68.73 4.00 88.l 70.7 28. 2 l. l 5.7 59.9 l. 7 0.2 4,45 90.4 69.6 27.2 3.2 5,5 57.l 2 .1 0.2 4.75 79,39 38. 38 4.22 99,5 69.8 29.0 l. 2 5.6 59.4 1.5 0.2 4.45 90.37 2.91 4.40 70.17 57.12 4.10 88. 33 0.89 4.30 91. 7 69.0 29.1 1.9 5,7 59.5 1. 5 0.2 4.50 36.08 90.51 4.25 90.59 l.03 4.22 90.65 2.99 4.30 86.50 21. 21 4.12 88.9 70.5 28.4 1.1 5.7 58. 7 1.6 0.2 4.80 91.0 68.l 28.2 3.7 5,5 56.7 2.1 0.2 5.20 68.27 70. 26 4.18 88.97 l.15 5.07 84.81 13 .14 4.10 97,94 1.93 5.15 75,93 61.28 3.94 88.33 1.54 3.01 78.73 76.43


27

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Feet

l: Heating value

(BTU/lb) --------

10,689 10' 683

10 '491 9,943

10,214

10,193

10,190 9,789

N

I 0 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION

Open heath and marsh; peat averages 3 feet thick

Glacial drift

•O Location and number of core



(feet)

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

Geologic setting code: IIAlO 320 3 192,000

Figure s. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog southwest of Cross Lake and north of Black Brook, Tl7 RS WELS and Tl6 RS WELS, Square Lake lS minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 2 on Index Map).

28

I a m WJ

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

79-720 79-721 79-722 79-723 79-724 79-725 79-726

Peat, ash content less than the 25 percent maximum

for commercial quality peat


Sand 00 Core number


[]

[ill Rock and gravel Number of sample . . 00-0000 and location in core

Clay and silt

pH

s.56 5.07 4.60 4.88 5.00 4.75 4.70

2 3 4 5 6 7

.79-720 1=79-721 1=79-722 t~~=g~ 1=79-225 179-226 -

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent water as received

84.19 87.96 86.25 85.16 86.31 84.91 81.35

Percent dry weight Volatile Fixed Ash matter carbon

2.95 4.69 2.93 4.13 8.19 4.99 8.24

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur


29

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

0

•O

N

I 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION


Glacial drift



Acres Average

210

thickness (feet)

4

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

168,000 Geologic setting code: IIAlO

Figure 6. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog between Square Lake and Eagle Lake, T16 RS WELS, Square Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 3 on Index Map).

30

I II ml w

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

79-750 79-751 79-754 79-756 79-759

Peat, ash content less than the 25 percent maximum for commercial quality peat


Clay and silt


!ill fill . .

Sand

Rock and gravel

1

lr9-750

3 4 5

l79-754 J19-

759 l79-759

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

00 Core number

Number of sample 00-0000 and

location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35


Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur Heating

value (BTU/lb) pH

5.oo 4.90 5.48 5,71 5.05

87.0l 87.0 79.43 89.0 85.62

matter

69.3

64.7

carbon

28.3

25.6

2.64 2.4 4,40 9,7

10.13

5.4

5.3


31

60.3

55.2

1.8 10,615

9 .. 616

illilliillTI . . .

•0

EX

PLA

NA

TIO

N

Mo

stly open h

eath;

peat averages

6 feet th

ick

Bed

rock

and glacial

drift

Lo

cation

and number

of co

re

Acres

262

0

Average

thick

ness

(feet)

6

2,000

Air-d

ried

weight

(sho

rt ton

s)

314,400

Geo

log

ic settin

g co

de:

II Al

Fig

ure

7. S

ketch

map,

cores,

and samp

le analy

ses of

Orch

ard B

og, C

aswell P

lantatio

n and C

onnor Tw

p., Van

Bu

ren 15

min

ute

Qu

adran

gle, A

roostook County, M

aine (N

umber 4 on In

dex

Map).

N

f

N

("")



EJ Sand 00 Core number

I II Clayey peat and peaty clay I] Rock and gravel ~ Number of sample

00-0000 and

!ITT 00

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Clay and silt

I

9

I .

- - - - - -2 3 4

I I I

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Sample number

80-428 80-429 80-430


86.0 86. 2 91.7

Percent dry weight Volatile Fixed Ash

matter

69.4 67.4 65.2

carbon

28.9 31. 2 28.7

-

location in core

- - - - - - ----5 6 7 8 Feet

m , . ._. .. 0

1·•-429 5

80-430

. 1 0

15

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS


Heating value

(BTU/lb)

5,99 5.36 5.01

61.90 59. 33 54.35

1.61 1.69 2.46

0.14 0.15 0.18

10,890 10' 134

9,372


33

Little Black Brook Lake

N

r 0 2,000

Feet

Geologic setting code: IIAl

EXPLANATION


• Open heath; peat averages 6 feet thick

. . . . . . Swamp; peat 0-3 feet thick

Bedrock and glacial drift

• O Location and number of core


Acres Average Air-dried thickness weight

(feet) (short tons)

35 10 70,000 15 6 18,000 so 88,000

Figure 8. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Little Black Brook Lake, Caswell Plantation, Van Buren 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 5 on Index Map).

34

I II m w

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35



Clay and silt

2 3

I 80-440

80-441

m

80-442


00 Sand

Rock and gravel

Core number


location in core

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35


Sample number

*80-440 80-441 80-442


89.2 89.6 90.5

Percent dry weight

matter

68.0 65.2 66.2

carbon

30.6 32 .6 29.6

4.98 4.60 5. 16

*Bag torn; moisture content not accurate,


35

56.66 58.85 55.53

1.40 1.32 1.95

0.14 0. 19 0.44

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,648 9,947 9,595

0 2,000

Feet

Geo

log

ic se

tting

cod

e: II A

l

Fig

ure

9.

ESTIMA

TED PEA

T RESO

UR

CES

A.cres

Average

thick

ness

(feet)

Air-d

ried

weig

ht

(sho

rt to

ns)

235 74

309

8 5

• [TiillillJJ] . . . . . . .

•0

Sk

etch m

ap, co

res, an

d sam

ple an

alyses

of bo

gs b

etween

Deer

and

Mud

Lak

es, Casw

ell Plan

tation

, V

an B

uren

15

min

ute

Qu

adran

gle, A

roo

stoo

k C

ou

nty

, M

aine (N

um

ber 6 o

n In

dex

Map).

376,000 74,000

450,000

EXPLA

NA

TION

Mo

stly o

pen

heath

; p

eat averag

es 8 fe

et

thic

k

Op

en and fo

rested

heath

; p

eat averag

es 5 feet

thick

Bed

rock

and

gla

cia

l d

rift

Lo

cation

and

nu

mb

er o

f co

re

\0

M

Feel o

5

1 o

15

20

25

30

35



Clay and silt

- -2 3

I 80-437

80-438

80-439

::::::

·:::::


-

n lJ

f.l ~

4

:::::::

Sand

Rock and gravel

-- - - - -5 6

1·•-434 I 80-436 80-438

.

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS ULTIMATE

Percent Percent dr;;L wei'.i!ht Percent Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon number received matter carbon

00 Core number


location in core

7 8

80-431 I 80-432

80-433

ANALYSIS

dr;;L wei'.i!ht Nitrogen Sulfur

Feet o

5

1 o

15

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------80-431 88.6 69.0 29.6 l.4 5.51 57.91 l.85 0 .16 10,108 80-432 88 .o 63.4 30.2 6.4 4.03 55.78 1.89 0.21 9,217 80-433 91.0 59,3 15.5 25.2 4.70 40.91 3.50 o.53 7,475 80-434 87.7 68.l 29. 5 2.4 5. 28 58.07 1.69 o.13 10. 158 80-435 86.5 61.9 31. 4 6.7 4.21 55.77 1.57 o.38 9,365 80-436 89.0 62.6 31. 2 6.2 4.32 54.81 1.86 0.33 9,308 80-437 88.5 70.8 26.8 2.4 4,79 54.24 2.04 0.13 9,262 80-438 93,3 68.6 27.4 4.0 4,94 55.52 2.52 0.16 9,734 80-439 93.5 56.8 14.2 29.0 4.22 38.98 3 .13 o.59 7,088


37

N

I

0 2,000

Feet


eQ

EXPLANATION

Open and forested heath; peat averages 6 feet thick

Open and forested heath; peat 0-3 feet thick

Bedrock and glacial drift; some muck



Acres Average

45

thickness (feet)

6

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

54,000

Figure 10. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog northwest of Pierce Lake and west of Route 165, Caswell Plantation, Fort Fairfield 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 7 on Index Map).

38

I II ffil 00

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35



Clay and silt

1

180-443

80-445 80-446 .

2

180-447 80-448

\

3

m . . .


n LJ

n UJ

Sand

Rock and gravel

4

.80-449

f;J

00 Core number


location in core

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35


Sample number

80-443 80-445 80-446 80-447 80-448

*80-449


90.l 91.0 87.2 85.9 81.6 43.l


68.8 30.5 o.7 68.9 29.9 l. 2 62.0 20.2 17.8 67.0 31.0 2.0 62.o 27.3 10.7 54.l 19. 7 26. 2

*Bag torn: moisture content not accurate.

Hydrogen carbon Nitrogen Sulfur

4. 78 54.09 l.18 0.13 5.30 55.53 l.40 0.17 5.81 51. 72 2.43 0.34 5.90 61.82 l. 52 0.19 4.67 49",57 l.91 0.39 4.46 43.03 l.34 0.17

Figure 1 O. Continued.

39

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,107 9,624 9,471

10,899 8,672 7,542

N

I Canada

0 2,000

Feet


eO

EXPLANATION

Mostly open heath; peat averages 10 feet thick





Acres Average

27 17 44

thickness (feet)

10 5

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

54,000 17,000 71,000

Figure 11. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog 2 miles northeast of Limestone on United States-Canada border, Limestone Twp., Fort Fairfield 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 8 on Index Map).

40



ITJ Sand

00 Core number

I II Clayey peat and peaty clay IJ Rock and gravel ~ Number of sample

00-0000 and location in core

m fill Clay and silt

--- ---Feet 2 3 4

0

I 5 '

10 ~ I .

15 ... :,.\

20

25

30

35

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent Percent dr:z: weight Sample water as volatile Fixed !\Sh number received matter carbon

----------------------------------80-422 88.9 67.2 31. 5 1.3 80-424 86 .1 63.4 31. l 5,5 80-425 89.9 12.1 26.6 l. 3 80-426 90.S 69.1 29 .8 l. l 80-427 89.6 53.2 21. 2 25.6

--- -------5 6 7 8 Feet

I 0

80-425 1·•-4" 5

80-426 80-424 . 10

80-427 . ,,.'.

15

20

25

30

35

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dr:L weight . Heating Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value

(BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- --------5 .17 58.03 1.54 0.12 9,931 5.09 57.68 1.44 0.15 9,975 5.01 52.85 1.43 0.10 9,005 5.58 57.00 2.03 0.15 9,846 4.33 43.12 2.60 0.33 7, 776


41

N

r 0

Feet

Little Madawaska

•O

EXPLANATION


Glacial drift and bedrock



Acres Average

75

thickness (feet)

4

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

Geologic setting code: IIA9c 60,000

Figure 12. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Bog Lake, Tl4 RS WELS, Portage 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 9 on Index Map).

42

I II ml . .

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Sample number

79-727 79-728 79-730 79-733 79-734 79-735 79-736 79-737 79-738 79-740 79-741 79-742 79-743 79-746 79-747 79-748 79-749



Sand

Clayey peat and peaty clay Rock and gravel

Clay and silt

2

79-727 l9-734

9-728 79-735

marl ::~: 79-736

::::;:

3 4

79-740 marl

t9-741

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

5 6

00 Core number

rt 00-0000 "'•"",~J nmo'• It location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

Feet 0

5

1 0

15

20

25

30

35


Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur Heating value

(BTU/lb) pH

5.50 5.60 4.30 8.48 5.32 5.74 7.90 5.64 4.63 3.70 5.58 5.35 4.85 4.49 5.22 3.95 7.71

91.53 90.11 89.38 11.51 90.6 88.3 55.63 90.16 90.25 50.06 88.06 92.91 88.90 42.02 87 .77 90.48 42.33

matter carbon

29.5 6.8

15.91 49 .19 46.39 97.85

3.3 56 .1 93. 70

7,35 54.80 94.31 18.43 9,45

59.65 96.30 57,35 54.61 96.11

5.3 2.9


43

55.1 23.6

Q.3 0.0

9,148 4,168

0

Feet

EXPLANATION

ESTIMATED PEAT RESOURCES Open and forested heath; peat averages 5 feet thick Acres

245

Average thickness

(feet)

5

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

245,000


•0 Location and number of core

Geologic setting code: IIA6b

Figure 13. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along inlet to Salmon Brook Lake, Perham Twp., Caribou 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 10 on Index Map).

44

N

[ 2,000

I II E:m w

Feet 0

5

10




Clay and silt

EJ Sand

I] Rock and gravel It 00-0000 N'mb••,;J ""m''' It location in core

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I,,_,., ~:~::: t·-"· l;::::. J::~::: ~!:~~~ 19~772 f I !=marl 9 773

··· ,,, marl 79-774

··· marl

Feet 0

5

10

1 5 1 5

20 20

25 25

30 30

35 35


Percent Percent drx wei9ht Percent drx wei9ht Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-761 4.85 84.39 52.76 79-762 5.46 91, 1 66.3 27.7 6.0 4.7 54;8 1.6 0.3 9,317 79-763 4.88 85.91 44. 77 79-764 5.oo 91.0 61. 5 23.0 15.5 4.8 48.5 1.9 0.9 8,318 79-765 4,95 87.18 3.09 79-766 7.74 91.91 7.83 79-767 4,45 87.80 1.61 79-768 5.73 91. 26 47.52 79-770 4.14 86.23 2.06 79-771 4.50 85. 39 7.46 79-772 5.50 89.8 64.6 31. 7 3.7 5.3 57.5 1. 5 0.2 9,791 79-773 4.10 86.l 35.4 5.7 ' 58 .9 3.1 22.1 1.8 1. 6 4,008 79-774 7.64 45.50 95.57


45

fTTTITl L22J

•O

EXPLANATION


Mostly forested heath; peat averages 5 feet thick




Acres

Figure 14. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Burpee Brook, Tl3 RS WELS and Ashland 'IWp., Ashland 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 11 on Index Map).

46

430 160 590

Average thickness

(feet)

8 5

0

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

688,000 160,000 848,000

Feet

N

I

2,000


I II m w

Feet 0

5

1 0

15

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

Sample number

79-650 79-651 79-652 79-654 79-656 79-658 79-659 79-660 79-662 79-664 79-665 79-667 79-668 79-669 79-671 79-672 79-674 79-675 79-677 79-678 79-679 79-681 79-682 79-684 79-685 79-686 79-687




Clay and silt

[ill Sand

8J Rock and gravel rt 00-0000 ""·'··.~~ ... ,,, It location in core

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

,_, .. l;;~~~ t::~::: I;;~;;; t:::::: t·-650 79-651

79-652

9-656

9 10 11

t79-678 l9-981 179-985 79-679 79-682 79-686

79-687 . 9-684 . ..


Percent Percent dr:L weisht Percent dr:i: weisht water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur


---------------------------------- ----------------------------------4.85 89.0 67.9 29.2 2.9 5,4 57.7 1.5 0.2 3.40 89.9 44. 7 9.2 46. l 3.4 30. 2 2.4 1.4 3.30 54.59 89.36 5. 71 90.78 4.56 3.30 85.92 60.98 6.15 92.2 68.8 25.9 5.3 4.7 56. 3 2.6 o.5 3.60 86.94 62.38 4.52 88.76 1.57 3.30 90.87 45.69 4.20 89 .66 1.29 4.17 92.22 2.66 3.20 71.81 so.as 4.70 90.4 70.4 28.0 1.6 5,3 57.7 1.6 0.2 5.30 91.32 32.08 4.60 91.19 1.95 5.70 91.19 4. 20 3.11 85.73 58.32 5.25 89 .84 1.77 3.30 60.95 89.31 4.49 92.4 69.5 28. 7 1.8 5,4 55.7 1.1 0.1 4.29 90.3 42.8 10.3 46.9 3.5 29.0 2.3 l.o 4.45 89.11 o.43 4. 71 90.21 3.05 3.31 59. 79 89 ,93 4.56 89.5 68.5 29.2 2.3 5,7 57.9 1.4 0.2 5.73 92,3 63.8 21.1 a.s 5.1 55.3 2.1 o.s

90.6 48.6 12.8 38.6 4.1 33,9 2.6 2.1


47

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

Feet 0

5

10

15

Heating value

(BTU/lb) --------

9,853 5,188

9, 719

9,892

9,365 5,054

9,667 9' 359 6,052

EXPLANATION

Open and partly open heath; peat averages 12 feet thick




Acres

280

Average thickness

(feet)

12

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

672,000

0

Feet

N

I

Geologic setting code:

Figure 15. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Dead Brook between Pratt Lake Stream and Rowe Lake, Tll R9 WELS, Mooseleuk Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 12 on Index Map).

48

2,000

,j l

i

IIA6b

I I Em !:ill

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35



Clay and silt


m u Fl WJ

Sand

Rock and gravel

00 Core number

1-1- 00-0000 "'m'".iJ umo" It location in core

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Feet 0

9

17

79-494

79-495

79-496

79-498

79-500

79-532

79-534

79-536

79-538

79-540

79-541

179-590 79-596 .

7 9-50 1 .:::::

10 1 1

79-542

79-544

79-546

79-548

79-549

:-:-:· 79-550 ·..;-·

18

t•-597 79-599 .

79-502 79-515 §:19-519

5 79-510

79-526 1 0 79-504 79-517

79-505 79-512 79-518 79-529 1 5

79-531 20 79-514

79-507 25

30

35

12 13 14 15 16 Feet

79-551

0

79-588 5

10 79-590 179-560 t79-580179-5831::~:::

79-561 79-581 ,,,. 79-585

79-563 ,,,, 79-553

79-591 1 5

20 x.:

79-556 25

30 79-558

35 79-559

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35


49


Pec-cent Pec-cent drx wei~ht Pec-cent ac-x wei~ht Heating Sample watec- as VolatJ.le Fixed Ash Hydc-ogen carbon Nitc-ogen SulfUC" value numbec- pH c-eceived mattec- cac-bon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------~=----------------------- --------79-494 4,95 90.8 70.6 27.5 l.9 5.6 52.3 1.4 0.2 8,811 79-495 5.ao 89.8 66 .1 29.9 4.0 5.7 56. 2 2.4 Q.3 9,686 79-496 5.82 82 .4 41.0 15.8 43.2 3.8 31.8 2.2 o.s 5,664 79-498 4, 20 89.25 47.89 79-500 3.15 69.40 86.11 79-501 8.64 23. 70 95.78 79-502 4.00 93.00 2.57 79-504 5.60 89.67 15. 71 79-505 5.18 91.66 42.86 79-507 5 .os 22.55 97.96 79-510 5.oa 91.63 1.19 79-512 3.32 88. 76 47.57 79-514 6.30 29.30 95.39 79-515 4.65 92.32 3.73 79-517 3.82 91.36 48.93 79-518 3.25 33.57 97.15 79-519 5,39 62 .07 80.66 79-521 5,49 82.90 60. 77 79-522 4,50 89.5 41.8 10.3 47.9 3.7 27.8 1.8 l. 2 4,910 79-523 3. 10 30.80 97.30 79-524 6.o5 82.00 61.86 79-526 6.24 85.44 63.10 79-529 2.90 91.59 44.09 79-531 3,25 86.48 64.00 79-532 5.40 81.43 53.07 79-534 5.35 84 .27 62.04 79-536 3.94 87 .82 51. 49 79-538 3.51 88.98 40.85 79-540 3.50 88.72 46.51 79-541 4.63 17 .62 98. 19 79-542 4.62 92.02 2.05 79-544 5.38 88.69 so. 29 79-546 3.68 91.46 42.47 79-548 3.27 90.5 51.9 8.4 39.7 1.8 5,384 79-549 2.93 '36 .4 37.7 6.6 55.7 1. 7 3.667 79-550 2.97 70.16 84.75 79-551 4.52 93.69 1.05 79-553 4.96 90.94 33.54 79-556 3.00 92 .43 36.74 79-558 3.20 90. 31 48 .11 79-559 2.aa 63.65 87. 55 79-560 4.30 90.17 1. 26 79-561 3.40 86.82 55.37 79-563 3.22 19. 75 98. 39 79-580 4.os 93.7 70.4 27.3 2.J 5.6 54.2 LO 0.2 9,217

79-581 3.60 88.96 44.23 79-583 4,23 89. l 63 .1 31. 3 5.6 5,4 55.5 1.8 o.5 9,409

79-585 3.30 41.43 93.80 79-586 3,95 84. 79 3.18 79-587 4.32 65.65 75.65 79-588 5.oo 91.05 2. 72 79-590 5.6o 90.99 31. 38 79-591 3.20 91.85 57.46 79-593 4.15 91.60 1.43 79-596 3.08 70.52 84.56 79-597 5. 15 83.02 50.87 79-599 3.08 55.42 90.02


50

51


Acres Average Air-dried weight

(short tons) thickness

(feet)

142 5 142,000

• . . . . . . .

EXPLANATION


Swamp; peat averages 5 feet thick

Glacial drift


N

I 0

Feet


Figure 16. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog 0.8 miles north of Big Machias Lake and 1 mile southwest of Clayton Lake, Tl2 RB WELS, Mooseleuk Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 13 on Index Map).

52

2,000

IIA2

I I rn w

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Feet

]

sample number

79-461 79-463 79-464 79-466 79-468 79-470 79-472 79-474 79-476 79-477 79-479 79-481 79-483 79-486 79-488 79-489 79-491 79-493


00 Core number Peat, ash content less than the 25 percent maximum



Clay and silt

[J Sand

tJ Rock and gravel r+ 00-0000 "'·"·,~~ ,,.,,, It location in core

------------------------1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

179-461 ==79

-

463

179-464 t l9-470 I l9-477 l 79-468 79-483 :::;:: 79-466 ·::- 79-472 . 79-476 9-479

9-474 .. 79-481 79-486 • - 79-488

9

l9-489 79-491

9-493


Percent Percent dr:t: wei:;iht Percent dr¥ weight water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur


---------------------------------- ----------------------------------4.50 83.l 66.2 29.0 4.8 6.0 58.4 1.6 0.3 4,35 85.1 65.7 29. 6 4,7 6.3 58.9 1.3 o.3 4.35 88.9 69.l 20.1 2.0 5.9 57.4 1.7 0.2 4.40 94,94 3.36 4.40 Bl ,9 59.3 26.4 14.3 5.6 51.1 1.6 0.3 3,95 87 .3 63.B 31.6 4.6 5.5 56.9 1.3 o.3 4.60 90.04 1.74 3.10 67.52 74,43 3.52 78.17 70.83 4.10 84.17 6.00 4.50 96.85 17.88 3.30 35 .87 96 .30 3.70 86.10 12.52 3.50 84.10 59,43 3.20 27.81 97,41 3.94 86.80 1.19 4.00 91.54 1.81 3.97 19.24 97 .02


53

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Feet

r Heating

value (BTU/lb)

10, 295 10,413 9,963

9,086 9,771

Lake

•0

N

EXPLANATION

Heath; peat averages 8 feet thick



10 9 5

8 4 3

2 6

0

7

Core Locations

Feet

2,000



(feet)

30 8

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

48,000


Figure 17. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along east inlet of Clayton Lake and southwest of Bald Mountain, Tl2 R8 WELS, Greenlaw 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 15 on Index Map).

54

I Bl lli1

. .

Feet 0

5

10

15



Clay and silt

1 2

l 9-402 l 79-408 9-404

9-406 79-412 9-413

~

3


9-419

79-423

00 Core number 10 Sand

8J Rock and gravel rt 00-0000 "'•'"', ~J ,,.,,, It location in core

4 5 6 1 0

79-426 l;:~::~ 179-436 179-441 t::~::: 79-428 79-438 79-443

79-435 w 79-430 .. 79-439 '• 79-450

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

Feet 9 10 Feet 0 0

5

10

15

Sample number pH

79-402 5.67 79-403 5.97 79-404 5.95 79-406 3.22 79-408 6.32 79-411 3.95 79-412 3.00 79-413 2.90 79-415 4.75 79-417 6.32 79-419 5.62 79-423 3.42 79-424 5.79 79-426 6.30 79-428 4,39 79-430 3.62 79-431 5.45 79-433 s. 71 79-435 3.44 79-436 4.38 79-438 3.35 79-439 3.25 79-441 5.54 79-443 3.30 79-445 6.02 79-447 6. 30 79-450 3.00 79-452 6. 20 79-454 3.85 79-457 5.ao 79-459 3.38

179-457

79-459 .


Percent Percent dr:i: weight Percent dri'. wei9ht water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur received matter carbon

---------------------------------- ----------------------------------88.6 64.0 30.9 5.1 5.9 56.l 1.6 0.2 90.42 5.05 86.83 51.44 65.02 86.58 88.7 63.4 31. 7 4.9 5.8 55,7 1.8 0.4 87.74 57.14 84.96 so.so 84.66 66. 79 91.09 2.14 87.85 4. 77 89.01 34.84 44.47 95.26 86.61 5,25 89.91 5,79 89.63 45.14 28 .12 97.19 85. 74 a.ss 96.31 17. 27 26.37 97,45 90. 56 2.12 88.50 61.65 65.58 89. 23 88.12 3.20 86.01 63.98 88.36 5.83 90.00 4. 77 86.88 74.29 88. 59 6.02 86.53 57 .11 89.14 3.99 84.79 65.16


55

5

10

1 5

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,250

9,637

0 2,000

Feet

N t

EXPLA

NA

TION

ESTIM

ATED

PEAT R

ESOU

RC

ES

-Lill2ill.

Heath

; p

eat averag

es 6 feet

thick

Sw

amp;

peat

0-5

feet

thick

Glacial d

rift and

b

edro

ck

•O

Lo

cation

and

nu

mb

er of

core

Fig

ure 18.

Sk

etch m

ap, co

res, an

d sam

ple an

alyses o

f bo

gs a

t Greenlaw

Acres

Pond

and

dead

waters

alon

g G

reenlaw

Stream

, T

l2 R

7 W

ELS and

Tl2

R

8 W

EL

S, G

reenlaw

15

min

ute Q

uad

rang

le, Aro

osto

ok

Co

un

ty,

Maine

(Num

bers 16 an

d

17 on

Ind

ex M

ap).

Average

thick

ness

(feet)

Air-d

ried

weig

ht

(sho

rt ton

s)

Geo

log

ic se

tting

cod

e: IIA

6b

\0

I.[)

Feet 0

5

10

15





Clay and silt

1 2 3

179-220 79-2231 79-221 79-224 79-228

... 79-229 79-222 .:-:-:

CJ Sand

tJ Rock and gravel

00 Core number

~ Number of sample 00-0000 and

location in core

4 5 6 7 8

79-230 79-235 t•-240 t•-242 179-245 79-231 79-241 79-243 79-246

'f'o•.•

w 79-247

Fe et 0

5

1 0

9-238 1 5

20 20

25 25

30 30

35 35

9 10 1 1 12 13 14 15

l9-254 179-354 l79-344 t•-347 l•-350 9-255 79-348 9-351 79-355

79-346 79-349

79-256 '· 79-353 79-357 79-361· 9-251

79-363

::::: 1 5 1 5

20 20

25 2 5

30 30

35 35


57


Percent Percent dry weisht Percent dry weisht Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-220 4.82 86.28 10.15 79-221 3.10 91. 7 49.0 10.7 40.3 4.3 31. 7 2.9 l. 5 5' 792 79-222 3.25 90.37 48.22 79-223 4.16 90.9 69.8 28. 5 1. 7 5.8 55.2 1.6 0.2 9,512 79-224 4.85 91.02 1.97 79-226 3.50 91.39 18. 51 79-228 5.17 89.93 5.63 79-229 3.65 89.48 36.98 79-230 4.42 88.35 9.50 79-231 3.90 88,55 54.05 79-234 2.90 75.47 85.03 79-235 4.69 89.7 67.6 30 .1 2.3 5.4 56.8 2.2 0.2 9,705 79-237 6 .13 90.11 6.17 79-238 3.42 89.00 49.25 79-239 3.60 69.14 85.01 79-240 4.18 89.3 66.6 31. 2 2.2 5.6 57.9 l. 7 0.2 9,956 79-241 2.00 88.06 38.96 79-242 3.38 88.72 1. 33 79-243 2.00 89.23 51.10 79-245 5.70 89.l 67.3 29.0 3.7 5.8 57.3 2.0 0.2 9,826 79-246 3.15 86.95 60.61 79-247 8.42 2.14 98. 27 79-248 4.00 88.15 2.56 79-250 5.59 90.8 67.9 26.9 5.2 5.7 54.8 l.9 0.4 9,482 79-251 3.60 91. 22 46.39 79-253 7.60 3.67 98.00 79-254 4.70 87.l 63.3 32.9 3.8 5.2 57.4 l. 7 0.6 9,556 79-255 3.72 88.09 46. 78 79-256 3.20 55.82 92.57 79-344 4.60 89.l 66.0 31.6 2.4 5.7 58.4 2.2 0.3 9,961 79-346 3,45 18.59 97.84 79-347 4.06 89 .14 1. 29 79-348 3.15 90.3 46.2 12.l 41. 7 4.l 30.5 2.0 1. 7 5' 451 79-349 3.19 9.42 97 .15 79-350 4.65 89.15 2.00 79-351 3.42 87. 71 41.00 79-353 3.98 20. 76 94.52 79-354 4.80 89.11 3.95 79-355 3.48 88.32 47.83 79-357 3.20 78 .18 74.66 79-359 5.52 88.82 3.93 79-360 5.60 88.67 5.oo 79-361 3.50 92 .83 36.88 79-363 3.60 90.75 41.59


58

59

N

I 0

• . .

2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION


ESTIMATED PEAT RESOURCES Swamp; peat averages 5 feet thick

Acres

165 170 335

Average thickness

(feet)

10 5

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

330,000 170,000 500,000

Swamp; peat 0-5 feet thick




Figure 19. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs east of Chandler Deadwater, T9 R8 WELS, Grand Lake Seboeis 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 18 on Index Map).

60

I RI ITT w

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30


Peat, ash content less than the 25 percent maximum tor commercial quality peat


Clay and silt

2 3

··:· ~::. 79-323

9-310

Fl LJ

ill] ' .

4

Sand

Rock and gravel

5 6

79-331

79-332

:·:·:

00 Core number

It 00-0000 N'mb".~; HmO" It location in core

7

79-336

79-337

79-339 :·:·:

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35 35


Percent Percent dry weisht Percent dry weisht Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-303 4,74 90.9 70.4 27.6 2.0 5.8 54,5 l.4 0.2 9,353 79-305 5.52 88.2 65.0 30. 7 4.3 5.4 56.8 1. 7 0.6 9,794 79-306 4.80 89.97 47.99 79-309 3.20 76.24 so.10 79-310 8.10 25 .36 97.45 79-312 5.94 90.98 4.62 79-313 5.05 92. 7 51.4 18.3 30.3 4.6 39.8 2.6 0.0 7' 113 79-315 3.20 86.78 63.78 79-317 4.30 91.02 1.15 79-318 4.70 91.5 69.6 28.5 1.9 s.0 55.6 1.2 0.2 9,579 79-319 5.40 90.44 3,77 79-320 3.40 88.45 31.36 79-323 4.00 25.90 96.37 79-325 4.65 92.2 10.1 20.0 1.3 6.0 55 .4 1.3 0.2 9,556 79-326 4.78 93.7 62.5 23.0 14.5 5.5 48.3 2.5 0.0 8,527 79-327 2.99 90.54 55. 27 79-329 3.00 82.03 77 .35 79-330 7.50 57 .48 92.14 79-331 5.64 89.83 4.00 79-332 5.88 89.2 63.3 32.6 4.1 5.5 55.9 2.0 o.s 9,798 79-333 3,93 91.6 46.7 10.s 42.8 4.1 29.6 2.3 1.5 5,220 79-335 a.10 15.74 97. 57 79-336 4,75 91.l 67.7 30.2 2.1 5.8 56.l 1.6 0.2 9,707 79-337 5.95 0a.0 65.3 30.9 3.8 5.6 56 .o 1.6 o.3 9,460 79-339 3.20 89.05 so.os 79-340 6.40 89.8 68.2 20.1 3.7 5.9 56 .o 1.9 0.2 9,679 79-341 6.45 88.59 - 5.90 79-342 3.65 90.41 49.02


61

0

N

f 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION


Forested heath; peat 0-5 feet thick

Glacial drift


Geologic setting code: IIA6d

Brook


Acres Average

80

thickness (feet)

8

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

128,000

Figure 20. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog south of Shields Brook, TIO R6 WELS, Ashland 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 19 on Index Map).

62

I II ml Wl

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Sample number

79-777 79-778 79-779 79-780 79-781 79-782



Clay and silt

1 2

l:~::: ~:~::: 1~9-782 .. 9-779


rn rm . .

Sand

Rock and gravel

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

00 Core number

rt 00-0000 N"m'",:j ,.m,I• It location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35



(BTU/lb) pH matter

4.11 88.3 68.4 5.56 90.5 62.l 3.03 87.45 4.49 88.29 5.50 90.32 3.18 86.50

carbon

30.0 1.6 4.9 32.5 5.4 4.8

47.65 1.94 s.ss

so.as


63

59.8 1. 7 56.1 1.9

0.2 0.4

10,102 9,203

N

I 0 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION

Mostly open heath; peat averages S feet thick

Glacial drift


Geologic setting code: IIA2

Road

Woods


Acres Average

so

thickness (feet)

s

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

50,000

Figure 21. Sketch map, core, and sample analyses of bog 2.5 miles northwest of Masardis, Masardis Twp., Ashland 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 20 on Index Map).

64

I II ml . .

Sample number

79-775 79-776




Clay and silt


CJ 8J . .

Sand

Rock and gravel

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

00 Core number

rt 00-0000 """'••,~~ '"mo'• It location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35


Volatile Fixed Ash Percent dr¥ weight

Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur Heating

value (BTU/lb) pH"

4.oo 4.57

87.5 88.80

matter

70.l

carbon

28.5 1.4 3,43


65

61. 5 10,745

• . .

-. . . .

PG

Sl

L2

2d

M:~~:~::J

•O

EX

PLA

NA

TIO

N

Open h

eath;

peat

averag

es 10

feet th

ick

Op

en h

eath;

peat

averag

es 7 feet

thick

Sw

amp;

peat av

erages

5 feet th

ick

Glacial d

rift and

b

edro

ck;

som

e shallo

w

peat

Lo

cation

and nu

mb

er o

f co

re

EST

IMA

TE

D PE

AT

R

ESO

UR

CE

S

Acres

Average

thick

ness

(feet)

185 10

70 7

70 5

325

Air-d

ried

weig

ht

(sho

rt ton

s)

370,000 98,000 70,000

538,000

N I

0 2,000

Feet

Geo

log

ic settin

g co

de:

IIA6b

Fig

ure 2

2.

Sk

etch m

ap, co

res, an

d sam

ple an

alyses o

f bo

g alo

ng

B

lackw

ater Riv

er no

rth o

f Cran

berry

Pond,

TIO

R

4 W

EL

S (S

qu

apan

Tw

p.), O

xbow

15 m

inu

te Qu

adran

gle, A

roo

stoo

k C

ou

nty

, M

aine (N

um

ber 21

on Ind

ex M

ap).

l.O

l.O

I II ml . .

Feet 0

5

10

1 5





Clay and silt

2 3

79-193 79-196 79-197

ITO

ill] . .

4

Sand

Rock and gravel

79-200

79-201

5 6

I ..

00 Core number

rt 00-0000 ., ..... ~~ , •• ,,, It location in core

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20 20

25 25

30 30

35 35

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS ULTIMl'.TE ANALYSIS

Percent Percent dr;i!: wei9ht P•3rcent dr;i!: weight Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-la9 4.99 aa.4 62 .4 34.0 3.6 s.o 59.2 1.9 0.3 10,333 79-190 5.60 as.o 37.4 17.3 45.3 3.6 31.a i.a o.4 5,346 79-191 3.50 as.a 26.3 5.4 6a.3 2.s 16.l 1.4 o.9 2,a2s 79-192 5.15 31.42 97.34 79-193 91.4 60.3 24.2 15.5 5.4 49.7 2.1 o.s a,691 79-194 5.la 91.2 69.1 2a.4 2.s 6.1 57 ,4 2.0 0.2 10. 053 79-195 6.13 90.2 67.2 2a.3 4.5 6.0 55.8 2.6 0.2 9,Sa4 79-196 s.a2 90.52 6.19 79-197 4.70 92.3 49.1 11. 2 39.7 4.2 31.6 2.6 o.a 5,573 79-198 4.6S 90.4 71.2 27 .1 1. 7 S.9 S7.S 1. 7 0.2 9,aa3 79-199 s.ao a9.7 6S.6 30.4 4.0 s.s SS.a 1.9 0.3 9,402 79-200 4.oo 92 .1 36.5 0.9 5,942 79-201 4.10 aa.49 Sl. 78 79-202 5.30 aa.2 64.a 31.3 3.9 s.s S7.9 2.1 0.2 10,026 79-203 5.45 aa.1 66.2 29.8 4.0 5.6 55.4 2.2 0.2 9,398 79-204 3.ao a9.4 3a .1 a.4 53.5 3.4 24.2 2.1 o.9 4,221


67

N

f 0 2,000

Feet


Acres

215

Average thickness

(feet)

6

Air-dr.ied weight

(short tons)

258,000

EXPLANATION

peat Open heath; averages 6 feet thick




~ (1) .

IIA6b

Figure 23. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Haul ton WELS, Oxbow 15 minute Quadrangle,

(Number 22 on Index Map). Brook deadwater, T9 RS Aroostook County, Maine

68

I II ml . . Feet

0

5

10

15

20




Clay and silt

2 3

79-168

:·:·: :-:·:


tJ Sand

t1'.J Rock and gravel

O O C ore nu m.b er

r+ oo-oooo N•mb°'•~~ umol• It location in core

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25 25

30 30

35 35


Percent Percent drl'. weisht Percent dr~ wei2ht Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-166A 4.67 99,4 62.9 31.9 5.2 5.3 55.9 2.2 0.3 9,339 79-167 5.01 91.l 46.4 13.4 40.2 4.3 32.2 2.6 0.5 5,655 79-169 3.40 76.18 79.04 79-169 4.85 87.66 1.76 79-170 5.39 94.l 54.0 17.4 29.6 4.7 39.5 2.8 o.5 6,922 79-171 3.55 94.05 84.15 79-172 4.28 88.7 33.1 6.2 60.7 3.2 19.9 1.7 0.7 3,528


69

0

N

I 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION


Swamp; peat 0-5 feet thick; glacial drift and bedrock



Acres Average

50

thickness (feet)

8

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

80,000 Geologic setting code: IIA2

Figure 24. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog east of Route 11 and northwest of Hall Brook, T9 RS WELS, Oxbow 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 23 on Index Map).

70

I II m fill

Feet 0

5

1 0

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

79-564 79-565 79-566 79-569 79-571 79-572 79-575 79-579




Clay and silt

Fl u

8J . .

1 2 3 4

9-566

79-569

~79-564 t,9-565

0 79-572

·:-:·:

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Sand

Rock and gravel

79-579

Percent Percent dr::r:: weisht

00 Core number

rt 00-0000 "'m'",~: "m'" It location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dr::r:: weisht

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur Heating

value (BTU/lb) pH received matter carbon

----------------------------------4.65 65 .56 69.22 4.24 as.a 69 .2 2!3.8 2.0 58.3 10,343 5.27 90.82 3.56 3.75 54.66 88.06 4.57 90.6 66.4 29.8 3.8 5.a 56.7 9,899 3.60 12.01 82. 71 5.33 aa.10 3.87 7.45 18.88 97.98


71

• . . .

•0

Beaver Pond

EXPLANATION

Open heath; peat averages 8 ·feet thick


Swamp and marsh; peat 0-5 feet thick



N

I 0

Feet



(feet)

8 6

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

2,000

Geologic setting code: IIA&:l

80 25

105

128,000 30,000

158,000

Figure 25. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs southeast of T8 RS WELS, Oxbow 15

(Number 24 on Index Beaver Pond and west of Route 11, Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine

72

minute Map).

Feet 0

5

10

15





Clay and silt

filJ Sand

DJ Rock and gravel It 00-0000 "'m'",~J "molo It location in core

1 2

179-622

79-624 .

3 4 5 6 7 8

::~::: t::::: ~::::: ~::::: t:~::: 17799--::: 79-636 I= 11

79-649 79-632 .. ,., 9-645 X•

Feet 0

5

10

15

20 20

25 25

30 30

35 35


Percent Percent dr:i:: weisht Percent dr~ weisht Heating Sample water as Volatl.le Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon N1trogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-622 4.70 89.50 2.86 79-624 3.9a a7.29 54.a5 79-625 4.35 92.l 70.l 28.3 l.6 s.o 55.l 1. 2 0.1 9,164 79-627 s.as a9.58 45.75 79-628 4.20 as.a 42.9 9.1 48 .1 3.5 29.l 2.3 0.7 5,253 79-630 4.00 a9.66 i.a1 79-631 5.35 8a.20 3.22 79-632 4.30 89.73 45 .• 39 79-634 5.14 8a.s 65.9 31.0 3.1 5.o 58. 7 l. 7 0.2 10,069 79-635 6. 28 a9 •. 3 62. 7 32.7 4.6 5.3 57.6 2.2 0.3 9,855 79-636 3.65 89.25 46.62 79-637 4.65 90.93 2.21 79-638 s.00 89.61 s. 7l 79-640 6.oa 88.79 5.74 79-641 6.10 89.47 42.35 79-643 4.30 90.41 l.39 79-644 5.47 91.6 6a.1 28.6 3.3 5.6 57.9 2.s 0.2 9,991 79-645 3.25 84.99 60.79 79-646 4.22 89.9 69.5 29. 3 1.2 4.a 59.2 1.4 0.1 10,163 79-647 s.20 91.53 3.50 79-649 3.18 85.45 22.a9


73

•0

EXPLANATION

Open and partly open heath; peat averages 10 feet thick




0 2,000

Feet

N

I



(feet)

10 6

Air-dried weight

(short tons)


140 320 460

280,000 384,000 664,000

Figure 26. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Smith Pond, TS RS WELS, Oxbow 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook cOunty, Maine (Number 25 on Index Map).

74

Feet 0

5

10

15




Clay and silt

2 3

79-600

:·:·


n u

8J ' .

4

Sand

Rock and gravel

5 6

179-612

79-613 .

00 Core number

n- 00-0000 ., ..... ~: ,,.,,, It location in core

7 Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20 20

25 25

30 30

35 35


Percent Percent drx weisht Percent dri'. weisht Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-600 5.50 87.4 47.l 21.9 31.0 4.1 40.6 l.8 Q.4 6,837 79-601 4.48 89. 79 2.51 79-602 6.18 86.6 40.l 17 .4 42.5 3.6 33.5 l. 7 0.4 5' 716 79-603 4.86 90.1 45.2 9.9 44.9 4.0 29. 7 2.3 1.0 5,301 79-605 4.82 90.15 1.49 79-606 5.65 82.79 55.95 79-607 4.40 90.9 47.5 ll.2 41.3 4.2 32.2 2.4 1.2 5, 715 79-608 4.35 90.62 0.10 79-609 4.95 94,39 3.91 79-610 3.90 90.07 52.45 79-611 3.20 81.13 64.44 79-612 4. 20 89.99 l.26 79-613 3.00 82".60 60.93 79-614 5 .22 85.2 64.5 32.5 3.0 5.5 58.2 1.5 0.2 9,880 79-615 5.60 91.2 65.9 28.4 5.1 5.5 56.5 2.3 0.4 9,758 79-617 3.20 36.53 96.99 79-618 4.38 89.51 3.00 79-619 5.40 88.97 3.57 79-620 3.20 91.6 38.7 1.7 5' 791


75

EX

PLA

NA

TIO

N

lD I lJ

) 0::

0::

+-' 1~ 818 {I)

+-'

.0

{I)

8,g ~ ~

N

I ~

~

Open h

eath;

peat

averag

es 8 feet

thick

0

2,000

Rf:2

] ~

EB

21 L22Ll

Open h

eath;

peat

averag

es 6 feet

thick

Swam

p and

marsh

; p

eat 0

-5 feet

thick

Glacial d

rift

EST

IMA

TE

D PE

AT

RE

SOU

RC

ES

Acres

Av

erage

thick

ness

(feet)

70 8

80 6

150

Air-d

ried

weig

ht

(sho

rt ton

s)

112,000 96,000

208,000

Feet

• O

Lo

cation

and n

um

ber

of co

re G

eolo

gic se

tting

cod

e: IIA

2

Fig

ure 27.

Sk

etch m

ap, co

res, an

d sam

ple an

alyses o

f bogs on Pen

ob

scot

Aro

osto

ok

Co

un

ty lin

e, T

7 R

6 W

ELS and T

7 R

S W

EL

S, O

xbow

15 m

inu

te Qu

adran

gle,

Maine

(Num

ber 2.() on

Ind

ex M

ap).

\0

r--




Sand 00 Core nu m.b er

Number of sample Clayey peat and peaty clay

CJ 8] . . Rock and gravel 00-0000 and

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Clay and silt

2

·:·:<

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Sample number

82-124 82-126 82-127


93,5 90.4

Percent dry weight Volatile Fixed Ash matter

64.8 64.8

carbon

33.2 34.l

2.0 1.1

23.87

location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS


4.76 5.16

56.95 57.24

1.93 1.96

0.15 0.16

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,586 9,782


77

l!Il . . .

•0

EXPLANATION



Marsh and swamp; peat 0-5 feet thick



\ \


Acres

120 25

145

Average thickness

(feet)

0

9 5

N

I Feet

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

216,000 25,000

241,000

2,000 Geologic setting code: IIA6b

Figure 28. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Upper Deadwater on Howe Brook, TS R4 WELS (St. Croix 'IWp.), Howe Brook 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 27 on Index Map).

78



Sand 00 Core number

Number of sample

I I Clayey peat and peaty clay

[]

EE . Rock and gravel 00-0000 and

Em w Feet

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

.

Clay and silt

2

~=:

·::::·

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Sample number

82-128 82-129 82-130


91.9 91.2 92.6


72.6 65.S 65.8

carbon

26.l 33.8 29.9

l. 3 o.7 4,3

location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS


S.24 4.50 4.45

54. 20 5S.26 SS.SO

2.os Q.90 2.24

0.14 O.ll 0.30

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,331 9,092 9,609


79

. . . . . .

• . .

EXPLANATION




Esker


e O Location and number of core



(feet)

40 7 25 5 65

N

I 0

Feet

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

56,000 25,000 81,000

2,000

Geologic setting code: IIA6c

Figure 29. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs at Lower Deadwater on Howe Brook, T8 R4 WELS (St. Croix 'IWp.), Howe Brook 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 28 on Index Map).

80


00 Core number

I II m m:J



Clay and silt

Sand

Rock and gravel rt 00-0000 "' mb ", ~ J ''mo'' It location in core

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

82-132 82-134

2 3

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS


91. 2 90.5


69.3 68.7

carbon

29.5 28.9

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS


4.32 5.oo

55.61 56.82

1.53 2.12

0.14 0.29


81

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,353 9,854

EXPLANATION


Heath, marsh, and swamp; peat 0-5 feet thick

Bedrock with thin glacial drift



Acres

90

0

Average thickness

(feet)

5

N

I Feet

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

90,000

2,000


Figure 30. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Smith Brook Pond, T7 R3 WELS (Dudley 'IWp.), Howe Brook and Smyrna Mills 15 minute Quadrangles, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 29 on Index Map).

82





Clay and silt

!ill]

BJ . .

Sand

Rock and gravel r+ 00-0000 ""m"".~J umol• It location in core

Feet 0

5

1 0

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

92-136

2 3

t·-'36

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent water as received·

90.3


62.3 35,5

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dr~ weight Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen sulfur

4,45 57.44 1.38 o.33


83

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,746

0

•0

N

2,000

Feet

r

EXPLANATION

Heath and swamp; peat averages 5 feet thick

Esker

Glacial drift



Acres

125

Average thickness

(feet)

5

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

125,000


Figure 31. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog 2 miles north of Crystal and 1 mile west of junction of Crystal Brook and Fish Stream, Crystal Twp., Sherman 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 30 on Index Map).

84

IIA6c

I I 00 SJ

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

79-783 79-784 79-785 79-786





Clay and silt

1 2 3

l•-783 t•-7•< l79-785 :·:-:· 7 9 - 7 8 6

IE] Sand

BJ Rock and gravel

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

00 Core number

rt 00-0000 ""m'".~J ••mo" It location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35


Volatile Fixed Ash Percent dr¥ weight


value (BTU/lb) pH

4.70 5.52 4.69 3.01

84.77 86.5 as.so 89.09

matter

67.8

carbon

27.9 6.85 4.3 3.80

31.03

5.7


85

59.l 1.9 0.2 10,299

N

I 0 2,000

Feet

•0

EXPLANATION





Acres

365

Average thickness

(feet)

10

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

730,000

-0 ro 0

0::


Figure 32. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Caribou Lake, Islam Falls 'IWPo, and T3 R4 WELS, Mattawamkeag Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 33 on Index Map).

86




00 Core number Sand I

II Clayey peat and peaty clay

[]

rm . Rock and gravel It 00-0000 N"m'",~~ umo" It location in core .

m WI Clay and silt

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

92-138 *82-139

82-140

::::::

9

2 3 4

I

··:-:·

82-138

82-139

82-140

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS


89.l 85.7


62.6 63.9

carbon

32.0 32.1

5,4 4.o

27.07

*Bag torn: moisture content not accurate.

----5 6 7 8

I ;.•,

::::: ·:::::

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS


4.f)7 4.21

54.41 55.31

2.28 1.49

0.10 f). 39


87

----Feet

0

5

1 0

15

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

1 0

15

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

8,686 9,267

EXPLANATION







(feet)

160 8

N

I 0

Feet

Air-dried weight

(short tons )

256,000

2,000


Figure 33. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Braley Brook, T2 R4 WELS, Mattawamkeag Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 34 on Index Map).

88




Clay and silt

!ill Sand

8J Rock and gravel r+ oo-oooo N'mb••.~J umol• It location in core

Feet 1 0

I 5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Sample number

82-174 *82-176

82-177 82-178

2 3 4

82-174

82-176

82-177

82-178

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS


91.9 91.0


68.0 68.0

carbon

31. 2 30.6

o.a 1.4 3,47

33.69

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS


4, 71 4.45

56.21 55,57

1.28 0.92

0.12 0 .12

*Bag torn; moisture content not accurate,


89

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,469 9,396

• . . . . . . .

0

N

I 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION


Bedrock and glacial drift; some peat 0-5 feet thick at each end of bog

• O Location and nu mt.er of core



(feet)

320 10

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

640,000 Geologic setting code: IIA6b

Figure 34. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Orcutt Brook, Glenwood Plantation, Mattawamkeag Lake 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 35 on Index Map).

90

I II £:!:l w



Clay and silt

- - - - - -Feet 2 3

0

5

82-143

10

15

20

25

30 ........ .·>

35


-

Fl u Fl tiJ

4

...

Sand

Rock and gravel

5

':.:

00 Core number


location in core

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


Sample number

82-142 82-143 82-144 82-145


91.9 91.6 92.0


66.4 62.6 66.2

carbon

31.9 33,7 31.5

1.7 3.7 2.3

15.01

4.62 3.89 4.70

56.24 55,35 56.69


91

1.44 1.53 l.71

0.14 0.30 0.23

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,531 9,120 9,630

EXPLANATION





Acres

250

Average thickness

(feet)

10

0

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

500,000

N

f 2,000

Feet


Figure 35. of bogs at Flinn Pond, Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses Benedicta 'I\vp. and Tl RS WELS, Sherman and minute Quadrangles, Aroostook County, Maine Index Map).

92

Mattawamkeag 15 (Number 36 on

I e 00 ~

Feet 0

5

1 0

15

20

25

30

35

Sample number

73-656 73-657 73-659 73-660 73-661 73-662 73-663 73-664 73-665 73-666 73-669 73-671 73-672 73-673 73-674 73-675 73-676 73-677 73-679 73-679 73-680 73-682 73-684 82-159 82-161 82-162 82-163 82-165 82-166 82-167 82-169



for commercial quality peat EJ Sand

Clayey peat and peaty clay tJ Rock and gravel

Clay and silt

2

73-679

73-680

73-682

73-684

3 4

.·:·

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

6 6

00 Core number

r+ 00-0000 N•mb",gJ "m''' It location in core

7

73-669 82-167

82-168 73-671

73-672

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35



(BTU/lb) pH matter carbon

2.2 2.6

26.3 58.9 97.7

1.8 LO 2.8

30.9 85.9

1.5 22.7 96.2 1.4 4.3 4.4

39.2 43.1 96.4 1.9 7.0

31.8 98.3

90.5 68.5 30.2 1. 3 5.0 56 .1 1. 4 0.1 9,828 92.9 66.2 31.4 2.4 4.8 57.0 1.1 0.1 9,574 92,9 68.6 20 .4 3.0 5,3 56. 2 2.4 o.3 10,122

21.2 92, 7 69.6 29. 7 0.1 4.8 54.7 1. 2 0.1 9,236 88. 7 65.8 33.3 0.9 4,7 58.0 1.1 0.1 9,841 90.7 65.1 29 .1 5.8 4.8 54.6 2.5 o.5 9,431

34.3


93

N

I 0 2,000

Feet


Acres

320

Average thickness

(feet)

5

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

320,000


Figure 36. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs along Little Molunkus Stream, Tl RS WELS, Mattawamkeag 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 37 on Index Map).

94

FSTTI t2Jjjjj

•O

EXPLANATION

Heath, marsh, and swamp; peat averages 5 feet thick

Swamp; peat 0-5 feet thick



I II ml . . Feet

0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35

Sample number

73-533 73-534 73-535 73-537 73-538 73-539 82-170




Clay and silt

2 3

73-537 t82-170 3-538

73-539

[] Sand

8J Rock and gravel

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight

00 Core number

It 00-0000 "'m'".:~ ••mol• It location in core

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35


Volatile Fixed Ash Percent dry weight


value (BTU/lb) pH matter

88.5 58.2

carbon

29.7

12.l 22 .9 97.3 10.7 8.S

35.3 12.l 3.9


95

51.9 2.0 o.5 8,851

0 2,000

Feet

EXPLANATION





Acres

200

Average thickness

(feet)

10


Air-dried weight

(short tons)

400,000

IIA6b

N

t

Figure 37. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog along Wyman Brook, Tl RS WELS, Mattawamkeag 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 38 on Index Map).

96

I II I . . Feet

0

5

10

15

20

25

30





Clay and silt

2 3

179-53

79-54

79-45

79-43

n u Fl GJ

4

Sand

Rock and gravel

5 6

79-64

79-67

00 Core number

r+ 00-0000 "'m"',~j umo'• It location in core

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35 35


Percent Percent drl weisht Percent dr~ weisht Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-43 s.s2 88.5 60.4 33.2 6.4 s.o 57.2 l.9 0.4 9,621 79-45 3.48 89.03 47.06 79-46 4.80 90.3. 72. 7 25.2 2.1 5.7 53.9 1.4 o.4 9,034 79-47 5.38 90.5 63.8 30.8 5.4 5.1 55.9 1.5 0.3 9,340 79-48 5.33 89.64 25.97 79-49 5.38 90.5 46.6 21.6 31.8 4.2 39.8 1.8 0.5 6,755 79-51 4.28 50.90 79-53 4.08 90.21 l.94 79-54 3.50 92.90 22.87 79-55 4,33 87.10 3.80 79-56 5.01 89.89 2.92 79-57 5.10 95.37 l.08 79-58 3.55 91.29 36.39 79-59 4.40 91.ll 0.84 79-60 5.20 90.l 55.8 26.5 l 7. 7 4.9 47.5 2.0 0.5 8,116 79-61 6.00 89.86 20.95 79-62 6.15 89.3 45.0 18.3 36.7 3.9 37.3 1.9 0.6 6,375 79-64 4.15 93.59 28.24 n-67 4.50 28.88 98.00 79-69 5.22 91.17 5.43 79-70 4.92 91.49 4.64 79-71 5.32 92.96 16.68 79-72 4.72 90.02 43.57

Figure 3 7. Continued.

97

ffiffiffiTim ~

•O

EXPLANATION




Esker



I Glenwood Pl t. , ___ _ I I

Reed Plt.

N


Acres

80 50

TIO

Average thickness

(feet)

7 5

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

112,000 50,000

162,000

0 2,000

Feet


Figure 38. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog at Thompson Deadwater, T2 R4 WELS, Tl R4 WELS (Upper Molunkus 'IWp.), and Reed Plantation, Mattawamkeag Lake and Wytopitlock 15 minute Quadrangles, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 39 on Index Map).

98


00 Core number

I II fill . .

Peat, ash content less than the 25 percent maximum for commercial Quality peat


Clay and silt

[ill Sand

8] Rock and gravel It 00-0000 "'.'".i; ... ,,, It location in core

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35

Sample number

82-180 82-181 82-182

2 3

I ,.

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS


91. 2


69.3

carbon

28.9 9. 25 1.8

30.65

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dry weight Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen ·sulfur

4.20 53.21 0.99 0.23

figure 38. Continued.

99

Fe et 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,050

0

~ L3

•O

N

I 2,000

EXPLANATION


Flooded marsh; peat 0-5 feet thick

Esker



Stream


Acres

240

Average thickness

(feet)

10

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

480,000 Geologic setting code:

Figure 39. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs along Macwahoc Tl R4 WELS (Upper Molunkus 'IWp.), Stream near Clay Bluff,

Wytopitlock 15 minute Quadrangle, (Number 40 on Index Map).

Aroostook County, Maine

100

IIAS

I II m w

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35

Sample number

79-18 79-19 79-20 79-21 79-22 79-23 79-24 79-25 79-26 79-27 79-28




Clay and silt

2 3

I 9-20

[]

8J ' .

4

Sand

Rock and gravel

5

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent Percent dry weisht water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen


00

ULTIMATE

Percent Carbon

Core number


location in core

ANALYSIS

drl wei9:ht Nitrogen Sulfur

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------4.71 82.70 46.60

84.7 41. l 18.8 40.l 3.6 35.2 1. 7 0.1 5,906 5.71 82.85 16.9i 4.38 91,3 70.1 28.7 l. 2 5,5 54.l l. 2 0.2 9,040 4.59 96.00 5.00 5.37 9.50 2.95 3.32 93.l 63.l 14.9 22 .o 5,4 42.l 3.3 3.0 7,685 4.58 91,9 72,4 26 .1 l. 5 5,9 54.7 1.6 0.3 9. 221 5.21 90.90 2.00 4.89 90.8 68.7 28. 3 3.0 5.8 57 .o 2.6 0.4 10,005 3.51 85.00 73 .oo


101

Figure 40.


Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bogs along Macwahoc Stream at junction with Juniper Brook and at Reed Deadwater, Tl R4 WELS (Upper Molunkus Twp. and North Yarmouth Academy Grant), Wytopitlock 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook County, Maine (Number 41 on Index Map).

102

,,

. . . . . . .

• . . . . . . .

eO

EXPLANATION



Heath and marsh; peat 0-5 feet thick

Glacial drift


ESTIMA:TED PEAT RESOURCES


(feet)

700 10 100 5 800

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

1,400,000 100,000

1,500,000


103

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

10

15

20

25

30



Clay and silt


[] Sand

filJ Rock and gravel

2 3 4 5 6

73-234

73-235

73-236

73-237

73-239

::::: 73-241

73-248 I .. ~73-255 73-263

73-250

73-252

73-253 ·.:·:

73-264

00 Core number

r+ 00

_0000

N"mbo,0 ~~ umol• It location in core

7 8

73-526

73-528

:~:: 73-529

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Feet 0 t73-253 I I

17 10 19

73-315

73-316

73-317

73-319 ·~:-

73-520 73-453

73-454

73-522

73-523 73-456

73-457

>:·: 73-460

20 2 1

79-17

73-325

73-326

22

73-329 ·!·!-.

73-294 73-303 73-310

73-304

73-305 73-312

73-313

73-314 :·:·.·

73-309

23 24

73-425 173-436

73-438

73-429

73-426 73-431

73-427 73-432

73-433

73-435 ·=·:-:

5

10

1 5

20

25

30

35

Feet 0

5

1 0

1 5

20

25

30

35 35

Figure 40. Continued..

104

Sample number

73-229 73-231 73-232 73-234 73-235 73-236 73-237 73-239 73-241 73-248 73-250 73-252 73-253 73-255 73-263 73-264 73-266 73-267 73-294 73-296 73-298 73-385 73-388 73-389 73-425 73-426 73-427 73-429 73-431 73-432 73-433 73-435 73-436 73-438 73-453 73-454 73-456 73-451 73-460 73-520 73-522 73-523 73-300 73-302 73-303 73-304 73-305 73-307 73-309 73-310 73-312 73-313 73-314 73-315 73-316 73-317 73-319 73-325 73-326 73-327 73-329 73-526 73-529 73-529 79-11 79-12 79-13 79-14 79-15 79-16 79-17

pH

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS


89.3 90.3 91.2 89.6 92,7 93,7 87.2


65 .0 64.6 54,5 62.7 48.l 60.2 40.6

carbon

29.5 27. 6 9.6

26.8 16.9 14.8 17.5

4.2 12.3 35,3 78.3 95.3 20.8 5.7

20.7 98.8

2.6 4.1

21. l 87 .o 17.6 1.0 2.3

68.5 99.l o.6 2.0

31.2 o.6 l.6

98.0 6.0 4,3

84.9 1.4 4.0

53.7 72.6 99.1

6.1 91. 7 0.0 1.1 2.9

40. 5 97.2

3.4 4,5

99.7 67.0 96.4 4.6

13 .1 46.9 93,4 95.6

3.2 lo.o 47 ,4 99,7

2.5 3.2

21 .0 91.7 o.9 1. 2

32. 3 88.l 6.2 5.9

98. 2 4,7 7.8

35,9 10.5 35.0 25.0 41.9

ULTIMATE ANALYSIS

Percent dr~ weight Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur

5.3 5.4 4.4 5.0 4.3 5.2 3.6

56.7 55. 3 33.8 52.1 37.6 40.5 33,5

1.9 2.4 2.1 2.5 2.2 3,4 1.9

0.3 0.6 1. 5 0.6 0.1 1.8 o.5


105

Heating value

(BTU/lb)

9,329 9,522 6,069 8,926 6,521 7,236 5,687

0 2,000

N

r

EXPLANATION



Partly forested heath; peat averages 8 feet thick

Acres

80 80

160

Average thickness

(feet)

15 8

Air-dried weight

(short tons)

240,000 128,000 368,000 •0





Figure 41. Sketch map, cores, and sample analyses of bog adjacent to Crossuntic Stream, Macwahoc and Kingman Twps., Wytopitlock 15 minute Quadrangle, Aroostook and Penobscot Counties, Maine (Number 42 on Index Map).

106

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25



Clay and silt

2 3


LJ Sand

[iJ Rock and gravel

00 Core number

~ Number of sample 00-0000 and

location in core

Feet 0

5

10

1 5

20

25

30 30

35 35


Percent Percent dr):'. weis:ht Percent dr~ wei:iht Heating Sample water as Volatile Fixed Ash Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur value number pH received matter carbon (BTU/lb)

---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- --------79-29 4.41 90.3 63.3 30.9 5.8 5,3 56.3 1.8 o.3 9,571 79-30 5.17 87.95 3.82 79-31 5.07 88.7 55,3 29. 7 15 .o 4.6 51.0 2.0 0.1 8,666 79-32 5.25 77.90 91.13 79-33 3.80 90.45 44.08 79-34 4.14 90.55 2.12 79-35 4.29 92.1 68.3 30.6 1.1 5.6 57.2 1.0 0.2 9,726 79-36 93,4 68.0 30.6 1.4 5,5 58.0 1.5 0.3 9,746 79-37 4.27 92,51 27.08 79-38 3.30 80.28 74. 75 79-39 4.50 92.29 2.14 79-40 4.60 90.38 0.47 79-41 4.83 92.40 2.24 79-42 4.12 94.06 5.55


107

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