pediatriis departamenti bavSvTa da mozardTa medicina · \\\ anabolur steroidebs ukavSirdeba...

$Page 1: pediatriis departamenti bavSvTa da mozardTa medicina · \\\ anabolur steroidebs ukavSirdeba ginekomastia, testikuluri atrofia \\ sworia yvela pasuxi \\\\ axalSobilTa disadaptaciuri$
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pediatriis departamentibavSvTa da mozardTa medicina

\\\\ miuTiTeT orsulobis saSualo xangrZlioba:\\\ 9 astronomiuli Tve\\\ 10 samTvareo Tve\\\ 40 kvira\\ yvela pasuxi sworia

\\\\ drouli axalSobilis hestaciuri asakia:\\\ 42 kvira\\\ 37 kvira\\ 38 – 42 kvira\\\ arc erTi pasuxi ar aris swori

\\\\ dRenakli ewodeba axalSobils, romlis hestaciuri asakia:\\\ 40 kviraze naklebi\\ 38 kviraze naklebi\\\ 36 kviraze naklebi\\\ 30 kviraze naklebi

\\\\ neonataluri periodi grZeldeba:\\\ dabadebidan 7 dRe\\ dabadebidan 28 dRe\\\ dabadebidan 30 Tve\\\ dabadebidan 1 weli

\\\\ perinataluri periodi anu\\\ axalSobilobis periodi\\ orsulobis me-20 kviridan sicocxlis pirveli 7 dRis CaTvliT\\\ mSobiarobis periodi\\\ orsulobis 280 dRe

\\\\ mekoniumis gamoyofis fiziologiur vadad iTvleba:\\\ pirveli 24 saaTi\\ pirveli 48 saaTi\\\ pirveli 72 saaTi\\\ pirveli 7 dRe

\\\\ axalSobilTa tranzitoruli mdgomareobebs ar miekuTvneba:\\\ axalSobilTa koniugaciuri siyviTle\\\ kanis fiziologiuri hiperemia (katari)\\ axalSobilTa krunCxva\\\ wonis fiziologiuri kleba

\\\\ axalSobilTa tranzitoruli mdgomareobebs miekuTvneba:\\\ mekoniuri gauvaloba\\\ axalSobilTa asfiqsia\\ SardmJava infarqti\\\ respiraciuli distres-sindromi

\\\\ romelia mcdari?\\ mozardobis xana anu 10-15 wlis asaki\\\ adreuli mozardobis xana anu 10-14 weli\\\ Sua mozardobis xana anu 15-17 weli\\\ gviani mozardobis xana anu 18 -21 weli

\\\\ miuTiTeT araswori pasuxi mozardTa fiziologiuri leikoreis SemTxvevaSi:

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\\\ aris umniSvnelo raodenobis, rZis msgavsi, mJave sunis gamonadeni saSodan\\\ mizezi estrogenebis gavleniT gamowveuli endometris gasqelebaa\\\ saSos nacxis kultura uaryofiTia\\ saWiroebs Rrma kvlevas da mkurnalobas

\\\\ telarxe anu\\ sarZeve jirkvlebis zomebis mateba\\\ Tmebis zrda boqvenis midamoSi\\\ menstrualuri ciklis Camoyalibeba\\\ sworia yvela

\\\\ pubarxe (adrenarxe) anu\\\ sarZeve jirkvlebis zomebis mateba\\ Tmebis zrda boqvenis midamoSi\\\ Ramis polucia\\\ menstruaciuli ciklis Camoyalibeba

\\\\ mozardTa sikvdilianobis yvelaze xSiri mizezia:\\ avtokatastrofebi\\\ ubeduri SemTxvevebi, toqsinebisa da medikamentebis gverdiTi efeqtebi\\\ homocidi\\\ suicidi

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa araswori? ginekomastia aris:\\\ sarZeve jirkvlis calmxrivi gadideba mozardi vaJebis 50_60% -Si\\\ mrgvali, moZravi, momkvrivo warmonaqmni sarZeve jirkvalSi,romelicYkeTilTvisebiania da ar saWiroebs kvlevas da mkurnalobas\\\ damatebiTi kvleva saWiroa, Tu es warmonaqmni izrdeba, fiqsirebulia da mkvrivi\\ gamonadeni sarZeve jirkvlidan

\\\\ romel asakSi axdenen geebi da lesboselebi TavianTi homoseqsualurobis aRqmas\\\ adreuli mozardobis xanaSi\\ Sua mozardobis xanaSi\\\ mozrdil asakSi\\\ adreul bavSvobaSi

\\\\ rodis unda vieWvoT sqesobrivi momwifebis Seferxeba?\\\ Tu 13 wlis gogonas ar aqvs sarZeve jirkvlebis ganviTarebis niSnebi\\\ Tu 15 wlis gogonas ar aqvs menarxe\\\ Tu 14 wlis vaJs ar aqvs saTesleebis gadideba\\ sworia Yyvela pasuxi

\\\\ rodis iwyeba da ramden xans grZeldeba sqesobrivi momwifeba vaJebSi?\\\ 10 wlidan da grZeldeba 4,5 weli\\\ 11 wlidan da grZeldeba 4,5 weli\\ 11,5 wlidan da grZeldeba saSualod 6 weli\\\ iwyeba 10 wlidan da grZeldeba mTeli mozardobis xana

\\\\ rodis iwyeba da ramden xans grZeldeba sqesobrivi momwifeba gogonebSi?\\\ 10 wlidan da grZeldeba saSualod 4,5 weli\\ 11 wlidan da grZeldeba 4,5 weli\\\ 11,5 wlidan da grZeldeba 3.5 weli\\\ iwyeba 10 wlidan da grZeldeba mTeli mozardobis xana

\\\\ taneris Skalis mixedviT sqesobrivi momwifebis romel stadias emTxveva

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simaRleSi zrdis piki?\\\ III stadias\\ IV stadias\\\ V stadias\\\ zrda xdeba Tanabrad yvela stadiaSi

\\\\ rodis Cndeba vaJebSi reproduqciuli funqcia?\\\ 12 wlis asakSi\\ 13 wlis asakSi\\\ 15 wlis asakSi\\\ 18 wlis asakSi

\\\\ sakvercxeebis polikistozis klinikuri triadaSi Sedis:\\\ amenorea, masis kargva, muclis tkivili\\ oligo an amenorea, hirsutizmi, simsuqne\\\ dismenorea, zrdaSi Seferxeba, simsuqne\\\ cxeleba, muclis tkivili, uSviloba

\\\ miuTiTeT nervuli anoreqsiis sadiagnozo kriteriumebi:\\\ gasuqebis SiSi, maSinac ki, roca mozard gogonas aReniSneba masis mkveTri deficiti(kaxeqsia)\\\ sxeulis kompleqciis araadeqvaturi Sefaseba, ”avadmyofuri” survili wonaar aRematebodes standartul maCvenebels\\\ amenorea\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa mcdari? menstrualuri sisxldena\\\ grZeldeba araumetes 8 dRisa\\\ meordeba yovel 22 – 40 dReSi\\\ gamoiyofa araumetes 80 ml. sisxlisa\\ axlavs anemia retikulocitoziT

\\\\ nervuli anoreqsiis cudi prognozuli niSania:\\ daavadebis adreul asakSi gamovlena\\\ Rebinebis xSiri provocireba, safaRaraTo saSualebebis xSiri xmareba\\\ mamrobiTi sqesi\\\ bulimiis periodebi

\\\\ romeli ufro xSiria mozardebSi?\\ neirogenuli bulimia\\\ neirogenuli anoreqsia

\\\\ romeli sqesis mozardebSi gvxvdeba ufro xSirad bulimia da neirogenuli anoreqsia\\ gogonebSi\\\ vaJebSi

\\\\ romeli niSniT ar xasiaTdeba bulimia?\\\ gacxovelebuli (“mglis”) mada\\\ Rebinebis xelovnurad gamowveva, safaRaraTo saSualebebis xSiri xmareba\\\ midrekileba narkotikebis da toqsinebis xmarebisadmi\\ sxeulis kompleqciis araadeqvaturi Sefaseba

\\\\ romeli garTuleba ar aris tipiuri bulimiis SemTxvevaSi?\\\ ezofagiti, malori-veisis sindromi\\\ kbilebis minanqris erozia\\\ sanerwyve jirkvlebis hipertrofia, xeilozi\\ Sakiki

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\\\\ ras ewodeba pirveladi amenorea?\\\ ar aris menarxe 16 wlamde\\\ ar aris menarxe meoradi sasqeso niSnebis ganviTarebidan 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi\\\ ar aris menarxe taneris SkaliT V stadiis miRwevis Semdeg\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ ras ewodeba meoradi amenorea?\\ menstrualuri ciklis Sewyvetas 3 da meti Tvis ganmavlobaSi\\\ menarxes arqonas 16 wlis asakSi\\\ menarxes Sewyvetas 2 Tvis ganmavlobaSi\\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ romeli daavadeba ar iwvevs genitalur wylulebs?\\\ herpesi\\\ aTaSangi\\\ rbili Sankri\\ qlamidiazi

\\\\ menjis anTebiTi daavadeba gulisxmobs:\\\ endometrits\\\ falopis milebis anTebas\\\ peritonits\\ yvela CamoTvlils.

\\\\ menjis anTebiTi daavadebis ZiriTadi kriteriumebia:\\\ muclis qveda naxevris rigidoba da mtkivneuloba\\\ sakvercxeebis gamkvriveba da mtkivneuloba\\\ saSvilosnos yelis rigidoba da mtkivneuloba gasinjvis dros.\\ yvela CamoTvlili

\\\ menjis anTebiTi daavadebis damatebiT kriteriumebs ar miekuTvneba:\\\ cxeleba\\\ gamonadeni saSodan, baqteriologiurad dadasturebuli gonoreuli an qlamidiuriinfeqcia\\\ anTebiTi cvlilebebi sisxlSi\\ amenorea.

\\\\ romeli hormonebi unda iyos Seswavlili sqesobrivi momwifebisSeferxebis SemTxvevaSi?\\\ maluteinizebeli\\\ folikulomastimulirebeli\\\ testosteroni ( vaJebSi)\\ yvela zemoT CamoTvlili

\\\\ sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi daavadebebidan romeli gvxvdebayvelaze xSirad mozardebSi?\\ papilomis virusi\\\ qlamidia\\\ gonorea\\\ aTaSangi

\\\ ra meqanizmiT aris ganpirobebuli dismenoreis dros anTebis sawinaaRmdegoarasteroiduli preparatebis efeqturoba?\\ prostaglandinebis inhibiciis unari, rac amcirebs tkivils\\\ endometriumis ujredebis zrdis daTrgunva\\\ hormonaluri disbalansis daregulirebis unari

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\\\ sworia yvela

\\\ ram SeiZleba gamoiwvios pirveladi amenorea?\\\ sakvercxeebis travmam, dasxivebam\\\ sasqeso organoebis anomaliam\\\ hipofizis paTologiam\\ yvela zemoT CamoTvlilma

\\\\ pirvelad amenoreas ar iwvevs\\\ terneris sindromi\\\ saSvilosnos Tandayolili aplazia\\\ hipofizis paTologia\\ adre dawyebuli sqesobrivi cxovreba

\\\\ romeli metyvelebs menjis anTebiTi daavadebis sasargeblod?\\\ leikocitozi, aCqarebuli edsi\\\ abscesi mcire menjis RruSi\\\ Cirqovani eqsudati muclis RruSi\\ yvela CamoTvlili

\\\\ ra garTuleba ar axasiaTebs menjis anTebiTi daavadebas?\\\ tuboovariuli abscesi\\\ dismenorea\\\ unayofoba, eqtopiuri orsuloba\\ malignizacia.

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa araswori?\\\ genitalur herpess axasiaTebs zedapiruli, vezikuluri, ormxrivi gamonayari,rasac axlavs regionuli limfuri jirkvlebis mtkivneuli gadideba\\\ aTaSangs axasiaTebs erTeuli, mkvrivi, umtkivneulo papula/wyluli, romelsacaxlavs regionuli limfuri jirkvlebis umtkivneuli gadideba\\\ rbili Sankri gulisxmobs mravlobiT papulo_pustulozur, CirqiT savse gamonayars,romelsac axlavs calmxrivi mtkivneuli limfadenopaTia midrekilebiT daCirqebisaken\\ qlamidiozi anu veneriuli limfogranuloma iwvevs vezikulo-pustulozurumtkivneulo gamonayars limfadenopaTiiT

\\\\ sarZeve jirkvlis ra saxis kvanZebi gvxvdeba uxSiresad mozard gogonebSi?\\ fibroadenoma\\\ karcinoma\\\ lipoma\\\ arcerTi

\\\\ ra ar SeiZleba iyos galaqtoreis mizezi mozard gogonebSi?\\\ medikamentebis (kontraceptivebis) gamoyeneba\\\ abortis an mSobiarobis Semdgomi periodi (3 Tve_1 weli)\\\ avTvisebianma warmonaqmni prolaqtinis donis matebiT\\ sqesobrivi momwifeba

\\\\ Zval_kunTovani fsiqo_somaturi genezis tkivilebisaTvis mozardebSi tipiuria:\\\ mtkivneulia erTdroulad ramdenime ubani da aseTi CivilebigrZeldeba saSualod erTi weli\\\ 75 %-s Seadgenen saSualod 13 wlis gogonebi. miuxedavad tkivilisazogadi guneba_ganwyoba kargia\\\ SeiniSneba dadebiTi efeqti fizikur datvirTvaze da SromiT Terapiaze\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ romeli endokrinuli cvlileba ar axlavs nervul anoreqsias?\\\ amenorea

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\\\ hipoTireozis niSnebi (yabzoba, bradikardia, Tmebis da frCxilebis cvlilebebi)\\\ kortizolis sadReRamiso ciklis cvlilebebi\\ Tireotoqsikozi

\\\\ ra SeiZleba gaxdes mozardis uecari sikvdilis mizezi nervuli anoreqsiis dros?\\ ariTmia\\\ Tirkmlis ukmarisoba\\\ Tirkmelzeda jirkvlis ukmarisoba\\\ nawlavis perforacia

\\\\ mozardi gogonebs axasiaTebT ufro maRali mgrZnobeloba sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebidaavadebebisadmi mozard vaJebTan SedarebiT. CamoTvlili pasuxebidan amis mizezadiTvleba:\\\ saSvilosnos yeli amofenilia cilindruli epiTeliT, romelSic aqtiurad inergebagonoreis da qlamidiozis gamomwvevebi\\ daqveiTebulia adgilobrivi imunuri reaqtiuloba\\\ saSvilosnos yelis cilindrulidan brtyel epiTelze gardamaval zonis metaplaziaiwvevs papilomis virusisadmi momatebul mgrZnobelobas\\\ gogonebi kontracepcias naklebad iyeneben

\\\\ infantilizmi anu\\ fizikur ganviTarebaSi xangrZlivi CamorCena fsiqiur labilobasa da sqesobrivmomwifebaSi CamorCenasTan erTad\\\ mxolod fizikur ganviTarebaSi CamorCena\\\ fizikur ganviTarebaSi mkveTri CamorCena da xSiri avadoba\\\ mxolod fsiqiuri labiloba

\\\\ yuradRebis koncentraciis deficitis / hiperaqtiuri bavSvis sindromisgamosavali Cveulebriv ar aris\\ am sindromis simptomatika asakTan erTad ukvalod gaivlis\\\ am bavSvTa 70 %-s es sindromi unarCundeba mozardobis xanaSi,xolo 30%-s ufros asakSic\\\ am bavSvTa 20-50 %-s mozardobis periodSi aReniSneba antisocialuri fsiqopaTia\\\ aseT bavSvebs aqvT kriminaluri qcevis da toqsikomaniis maRali riski

\\\\ ra SemTxvevaSi ar CaiTvleba masturbacia paTologiur qcevad?\\ Tu adreuli asakis bavSvi iSviaTad da mxolod garegani genitaliebisstimulacias mimarTavs\\\ Tu 5-6 wlis bavSvi mimarTavs xSir, ritmul manipulacias genitaliebiT,rac bavSvs ufro metad ainteresebs, vidre sxva saxis aqtivoba. mag. TamaSi\\\ Tu mozards aReniSneba gaRizianeba, diskomforti genitaliebis midamoSi, rac iwvevsguneba_ganwyobis cvlilebebs\\\ Tu adgili aqvs ucxo sxeulis penetracias genitaliebSi, eqscentrulqcevas an ritualebs

\\\ romeli mtkicebaa araswori? pertesis daavadeba\\\ barZayis Zvlis Tavis epifizis avaskularuli nekrozia\\\ vlindeba 2 –12 wlis asakSi\\\ iwvevs zomier tkivils, araproporciul zrdas, moZraobis SezRudvas(uWirs fexis SigniT rotacia da gareT ganzidva)\\ rac ufro metia asaki daavadebis gamovlinebisas, prognozi ukeTesia

\\\\ pertesis daavadebis garTuleba ar aris\\\ barZayis Zvlis Tavis deformacia\\\ menj – barZayis saxsris osteoarTriti\\\ barZayis amovardna\\ qveda kiduris parezi

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\\\\ romeli Sexedulebaa mcdari osgud – Slateris daavadebis SemTxvevaSi?\\\ vlindeba Sua bavSvobis an adre mozardobis periodSi\\\ ufro xSiria vaJebSi, vidre gogonebSi\\\ axasiaTebs muxlis saxsris SeSupeba da lokaluri gamkvriveba, wvivis didi Zvlisborcvis prominensi.\\ samkurnalo fizkultura mkurnalobis wamyvani meTodia

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa mcdari?\\\ xerxemlis skoliozi es aris malebis erTmaneTze rotacia, rac iwvevs neknebisamozneqas da kuzis Camoyalibebas.\\\ skoliozs iwvevs raqiti da tuberkulozuri spondiliti.\\\ skoliozi SeiZleba ganviTardes araswori jdomis Sedegad.skoliozi ufro xSirad marjvena mxares viTardeba\\ sworia yvela pasuxi.

\\\\ lordozi anu xerxemalis win gamrudebis mizezebia:\\\ barZayis ormxrivi amovardniloba. brtyelterfianoba\\\ poliomieliti. kunTTa progresuli distrofia\\\ raqiti\\ sworia yvela

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa mcdari?\\\ kifozi xerxemlis ukana mimarTulebiT gamrudebaa\\\ kifozs iwvevs raqiti, tuberkulozi\\\ saskolo asakSi xSiria skolis kifoskoliozi\\ kifozi xerxemlis wina mimarTulebiT gamrudebaa.

\\\\ brtyelterfianoba klinikurad vlindeba?\\\ tkiviliT muxlis zemoT an qvemoT\\\ tkivili Zlierdeba RamiT\\\ tkivili Zlierdeba fexze dgomis dros\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ narkotikebis da sxva toqsinebis intravenuri xmarebis garTulebanaklebad savaraudoa iyos:\\\ baqteriuli endokarditi\\\ vertebraluri an sternoklavikularuli osteomieliti\\\ filtvis embolia\\ Tireoiditi

\\\\ romelia swori? narkotikebis da toqsinebis gverdiTi efeqtebia:\\\ halucinogenebi iwveven fsiqozs\\\ “klubis wamlebi” (mag. eqstazi) iwvevs komas, krunCxvebs, dehidratacias\\\ anabolur steroidebs ukavSirdeba ginekomastia, testikuluri atrofia\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ axalSobilTa disadaptaciuri sindromi anu\\\ tranzitoruli mdgomareobebi\\\ gardamavali mdgomareobebi\\\ momijnave mdgomareobebi\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ disadaptaciur sindroms ar miekuTvneba:\\\ wonis fiziologiuri kleba\\\ hormonuri krizi\\\ SardmJava infarqti\\ axalSobilTa krunCxva

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\\\\ sigrZeSi zrdis procesSi pirveladi aWimvis periodi emTxveva\\ 5 -7 wels\\\ 7 – 10 wels\\\ 10 -13 wels\\\ 13 -17 wels

\\\\ sigrZeSi zrdis procesSi meoradi aWimvis periodi emTxveva\\\ 5 -7 wels\\\ 7 – 10 wels\\\ 9 -10 wels\\ sqesobriv momwifebas

\\\\ sicocxlis pirvel wels sigrZeSi saSualo namati Seadgens\\\ 15 sm-s\\ 25 sm-s\\\ 30 sm-s\\\ 35 sm-s

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa araswori?\\\ dabadebis masis gaormageba xdeba 6 TvisTvis\\\ dabadebis masis gasammageba xdeba 1 wlisTvis\\\ dabadebis masis gaoTxmageba xdeba 2 wlisTvis\\ dabadebis masis gaoTxmageba xdeba 4 wlisTvis

\\\\ stiuartis centiluri cxrilebis mixedviT anTropometriuli monacemebissaSualo maCveneblebi varirebs intervalSi:\\\ 10 -90 centili\\\ 10 -75 centili\\ 25 -75 centili\\\ 25 -90 centili

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa araswori? hainesis indeqsis mixedviT masisdeficiti Seadgens:\\\ I xarisxis hipotrofiis dros 1-10 %-s\\ I xarisxis hipotrofiis dros 10-20 %-s\\\ II xarisxis hipotrofiis dros 20-30 %-s

\\\ III xarisxis hipotrofiis dros > 30 %-ze

\\\\] romelia swori? IQ-s mixedviT gonebriv ganviTarebaSi CamorCena aris\\\ msubuqi, Tu maCvenebeli aris 67 -53 %\\\ saSualo, Tu maCvenebeli aris 51- 36 %\\\ mZime, Tu maCvenebeli aris 35-20 %\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ ramdeni yiflibandi SeiZleba hqondes droul axalSobils?\\\ 1\\ 2\\\ 4\\\ 6

\\\\ rodis ixureba Cveulebriv didi yiflibandi?\\ 10-14 Tvis asakSi\\\ 3 Tvemde\\\ 8 Tvemde\\\ 18 Tvemde

\\\\ ra mizezebma SeiZleba gamoiwvios didi yiflibandis gvian daxurva?

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\\\ ConCxis formirebis darRvevebma\\\ qromosomulma anomaliebma\\\ mineraluri cvlis darRvevebma\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ ra mizezebi iwveven didi yiflibandis naadrev daxurvas?\\\ mikrocefalia\\\ kraniosinostozi\\\ hiperTireoidizmi\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ ra aris kraniosinostozi?\\ qalas nakerebis naadrevi gaZvaleba, rac iwvevs Tavis asimetriul zrdas dadeformacias\\\ qalas nakerebis dagvianebuli daxurva, rac iwvevs Tavis asimetriulzrdas da deformacias

\\\\ sad viTardeba yvelaze xSirad kraniotabesi?\\ Sublis da kefis midamoSi\\\ Txemis midamoSi\\\ safeTqlebis midamoSi\\\ erTnairi sixSiriT qalas nebismier areSi

\\\\ ra aris makrocefaliis mizezi?\\\ qalasSida wnevis mateba\\\ megaloencefalia\\\ qalas Zvlebis gasqeleba zogierTi saxis anemiis dros\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ ras ewodeba nataluri kbilebi?\\ kbilebis arseboba dabadebisTanave\\\ kbilebis amoWra 30 dRemde asakSi\\\ sarZeve kbilebi\\\ mudmivi kbilebi

\\\\ miuTiTeT pirveli sarZeve kbilebis amoWris vadebis variaciis farglebi\\\ 3-6 Tve\\\ 5-7 Tve\\ 4-12 Tve\\\ 4-18 Tve

\\\\ riT aris gamarTlebuli Cvili bavSvis zurgze da ara mucelze wolaZilis dros?\\\ mcirdeba uecari sikvdilis riski\\\ sasunTqi gzebis obstruqcia iSviaTia\\\ intoqsikacia naxSirbadis dioqsidiT iSviaTia\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ romeli paTologiis dros aris gamarTlebuli mucelze wola Zilis dros?\\\ gastro-ezofaguri refluqsi\\\ qveda ybis ganuviTarebloba\\\ pier-robinis sindromi\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ ra ar axasiaTebs muclis kolikas adreuli Cvilobis periodSi?\\\ tirilis paroqsizmi 2 kviridan 3 Tvemde asakis janmrTel bavSvSi, romelic grZeldeba3 da meti saaTi dReSi, 3 da meti dRis ganmavlobaSi kviraSi, 3 da meti Tvis manZilze\\\ tirilis paroqsizmi viTardeba ufro saRamos saaTebSi, axlavs muclis

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Seberva da mtkivneuloba\\\ gazebze gasvla iwvevs xanmokle damSvidebas da mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas\\ diarea

\\\\ ra iwvevs skolis fobias?\\\ mSoblebTan ganSorebis SiSi\\ daucvelobis SegrZneba\\\ swavlaSi CamorCena\\\ konfliqti maswavleblebTan, TanatolebTan

\\\\ ra iwvevs kolikas adreul asakSi?\\\ Zroxis rZis cilis autanloba an laqtozas autanloba\\\ kvebis reJimis darRveva\\\ bavSvis tirilze mSoblebis mxridan araadeqvaturi reaqcia\\ mizezi ucnobia

\\\\ muclis kolikis dros gamarTlebulia:\\\ vestibularuli stimulacia (xelSi ayvana, rweva, njRreva)\\\ kvebis koreqcia\\\ specifiuri mkurnaloba Cveulebriv ar aris saWiro, 3 TvisTvis TavisiT gaivlis,zogjer efeqturia simetikoni, msubuqi sedacia\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ riT gansxvavdeba Zili /sifxizlis reJimi xelovnur da bunebriv kvebazemyof bavSvebSi? (miuTiTeT araswori pasuxi)

\\\ ZuZuTi kvebaze myof bavSvs naklebi sZinavs dRisiT da ufro xSiradiRviZebs RamiT\\\ ZuZuTi kvebaze myof bavSvs meti sZinavs dRisiT da ufro xSiradiRviZebs RamiT\\\ xelovnur kvebaze myof bavSvs meti sZinavs dRisiT da ufro iSviaTadiRviZebs RamiT\\ gansxvaveba Zilis da sifxizlis periodebis xangrZliobaSi ar aris

\\\\ ra SemTxvevaSi unda mivitanoT eWvi mikrocefaliaze (miuTiTeT araswori pasuxi)\\\ gulmkerdis garSemoweriloba aRemateba Tavisas 6 Tveze meti asakis bavSvSi\\\ didi yiflibandi naadrevad daixura\\\ Tavis garSemoweriloba dinamikaSi dakvirvebisas CamorCeba asakobriv normas\\ Tavis garSemoweriloba erTjeradi gasinjvis dros CamorCeba asakobriv normas

\\\\ ra SemTxvevaSi ar viTardeba qalas Zvlebis darbileba?\\\ raqiti\\\ arasrulfasovani osteogenezi

\\ travma\\\ arc erTi ar aris swori

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa araswori?\\\ somnambulizmi aris ZilSi siaruli, bavSvi arakomunikabeluria, gaRviZebisSemdeg araferi axsovs\\\ somnolokvia es aris gaugebari metyveleba / luRluRi Zilis dros\\\ somnambulizmis da somnolokviis erTeuli epizodebi ar iTvlebapaTologiad da Cveulebriv gaivlis 15 wlamde\\ somnambulizmi da somnolokvia normaluri qcevis variantia nebismierasakSi

\\\\ ra ar aris damaxasiaTebeli Ramis SiSebisaTvis (pavor nocturnes)?\\\ bavSvi RamiT iRviZebs, jdeba loginSi da 30wm_5 wT-is ganmavlobaSi gabmuladtiris\\\ iqmneba STabeWdileba rom gaiRviZa, radgan Tvalebi Riaa aqvs, aRiniSneba

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ofldena\\\ male iZinebs da diliT aRar axsovs es epizodi\\ ZilSi siaruli

\\\\ riT gansxvavdeba Ramis SiSi Ramis koSmarisagan? miuTiTeT araswori pasuxi.\\\ Ramis koSmari saSiSi sizmaria, romelic warmoiqmneba swrafi Zilis fazaSiRamis II naxevarSi da gaRviZebis Semdeg bavSvs axsovs sizmari\\\ Ramis koSmaris SemTxvevaSi bavSvis gaRviZeba, damSvideba da xelmeored

daZineba sirTules ar warmoadgens\\\ Ramis SiSi neli Zilis IV periodSi warmoiSveba, uxSiresad Ramis pirvelmesamedSi, gaRviZeba, damSvideba rTulia, male iZinebs da diliT aRar axsovs es epizodi\\ es ori termini erTi da igive mdgomareobas asaxavs

\\\\ rogor davexmaroT bavSvs Ramis SiSebiT? miuTiTeT araswori pasuxi\\\ vurCioT mSoblebs ar gaaRviZon bolomde da ar Seecadon mis damSvidebas\\\ Tu atarebs sistematur xasiaTs, mivaxmaroT diazepami, romelic Seamoklebswrafi Zilis fazas da aRadgens ciklurobas\\\ Tu Ramis SiSi erTi da igive dros iwyeba, vurCioT mSoblebs SeaRviZonbavSvi 15 wuTiT adre 7 dRis ganmavlobaSi\\ arcerTi zemoTaRniSnuli ar iZleva efeqts. saWiroa antidepresantebi.

\\\\ romelia araswori midgoma bavSvis dasjis SemTxvevaSi?\\\ mSvidaT avuxsnaT, risTvis vsjiT. dasja unda moxdes xanmokle droiT,uSualod im saqcielis Semdeg risTvisac vsjiT\\\ garkveuli droiT avukrZaloT TamaSi, romlis drosac raRac daaSava anmovuxsnaT raRac privilegia\\\ movaSoroT ojaxis wevrebs da xanmokle droiT gaviyvanoT cariel oTaxSi\\ msubuqad vcemoT

\\\\ ra ar axasiaTebs autizms?\\\ bavSvi gaurbis vizualur kontaqts\\\ xangrZlivi drois manZilze imeorebs erTi da igive moZraobebs an akvirdebamoZrav obieqtebs\\\ uWirs metyveleba, xSiria eqolalia. adre iwyebs kiTxvas, magram wakiTxulis arsi ar esmis\\ advilad amyarebs kontaqts adamianebTan

\\\\ romeli ar axasiaTebs autizms?\\\ bavSvs ar ainteresebs garemomcveli samyaro\\\ interesiT akvirdeba wvril detalebs an sagnebs, sxeulis calkeul nawilebs\\\ reaqcia obieqtebze stereotipulia, interesebis wre viwro\\ IQ maCvenebeli rogorc wesi maRalia

\\\\ romel asakSi iwyeben bavSvebi RuRuns?\\ 1 – 4 kvira\\\ 3 – 15 Tve\\\ 6 – 8 Tve\\\ 18 -24 Tve

\\\\ yuradRebis deficitis / hiperaqtiuri bavSvis sindromis ganviTarebisrisk – faqtori ar aris:\\\ mamrobiTi sqesi\\\ toqsikomani, depresiisadmi da antisocialuri qcevisadmi midrekili mSoblebi\\\ axlo naTesaobaSi analogiuri sindromi\\ mxedvelobis defeqti

\\\\ yuradRebis deficitis / hiperaqtiuri bavSvis sindromis kriteriumi ar aris:\\\ uyuradReboba da hiperaqtiuroba

12

\\\ CamoTvlili simptomatika iwvevs mniSvnelovan gadaxrebs socialur YYY adaptaciaSi da skolaSi moswrebis daqveiTebas

\\\ aRniSnuli simptomatika gamovlenas iwyebs 7 wlamde asakSi\\ bavSvis mkveTri CamorCena gonebrivi ganviTarebaSi

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa mcdari? tranzitoruli sagnebis (sayvareli saTamaSo,sabanSi Tavidan fexebamde gaxveva-damalva) gamoyeneba\\\ tipiuria 1-2 wlis bavSvebSi da ar iTvleba gadaxrad skolamdel asakSi\\ aseTi interesi tipiuria saskolo asakSi da mozardebSi\\\ tranzitoruli sagnebisadmi interesi ufro xSiria daZinebis dros\\\ tranzitoruli sagnebisadmi interesi asakTan erTad mcirdeba

\\\\ SeuZlia Tu ara yru bavSvebs RuRuni?\\\ ar SeuZliaT\\ SeuZliaT da iwyeben imave vadebSi anu 3-15 Tvis asakSi,rogorc bavSvebi normaluri smeniT, magram RuRuni ar gadadis metyvelebaSi.

\\\\ romeli mtkicebaa araswori? memarcxeneoba gvxvdeba:\\\ drouli axalSobilebis 7_10%\\\ dRenakli axalSobilebis 20_25%\\ erTnairi sixSiriT droul da dRenakl axalSobilebSi

\\\\ romelia mcdari? enkoprezi\\\ uneblie defekaciaa 3-4 welze meti asakis bavSvSi\\\ aReniSneba qronikuli yabzobis mqone bavSvTa 50%-s

\\\ meoradia Tu anamnezSi aris defekaciis aqtze 3-6 Tviani kontrolisYperiodi\\ yovelTvis asocirdeba fsiqiur darRvevebTan

\\\\ sisxlis romeli daavadeba gamovlindeba siyviTliT neonatalur periodSi?\\\ posthemoragiuli anemia\\\ fankonis anemia\\ memkvidreobiTi sferocitozi

\\ b-Talasemia

\\\\ axalSobilTa tranzitoruli (e.w. fiziologiuri) siyviTle gamowveulia:\\\ sanaRvle gzebis atreziiT\\ hepato-biliaruli sistemis umwifrobiT

\\\ mucladyofnis periodis infeqciebiT\\\ foliumis mJavas deficitiT

\\\\ ra asakSi SeiZleba CaiTvalos msubuqi anemia “fiziologiur” anemiad?\\\ neonatalur periodSi\\ 2-3 Tvis asakSi\\\ 1- 2 wlis asakSi\\\ pubertatuli periodSi

\\\\ ra SemTxvevaSi ganviTardeba axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadeba?\\\ Tu deda AA(II), nayofi 0(I)\\ Tu deda 0(I), nayofi BB(III)\\\ Tu deda AB(IV), nayofi 0(I)\\\ Tu deda B(III), nayofi A(II)

\\\\ rogoria axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadebis ganviTarebisa albaToba,Tu deda Rh (-), xolo mama Rh faqtoris heterozigoturi matarebelia?\\ 50%\\\ 10%\\\ 30%

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\\\ 100%

\\\\ axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadebis anemiur formas axasiaTebsyvela simptomi, garda:\\\ kanisa da lorwovani garsebis sifermkrTale\\\ masaSi matebis Seferxeba\\ bilirubinuli encefalopaTia\\\ hepato – splenomegalia

\\\\ axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadebis siyviTlis forma xasiaTdebayvela CamoTvlili simptomiT, garda:\\\ kanisa da lorwovani garsebis siyviTle vlindeba sicocxlis pirvel dRes\\\ melena\\ asciti\\\ zogadi daTrgunvis sindromi

\\\\ qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romeli axasiaTebs axalSobilTa hemolizuridaavadebis siyviTlis formas? 1. normoqromuli anemia 2. retikulocitozi3.neitrofilozi formulis marcxniv gadaxriT 4. Trombocitopenia5. pirdapiri bilirubinemia 6.hipoproteinemia\\\] sworia; 1, 3, 4, 5, 6.\\ sworia: 1, 2, 3, 6.\\\ sworia: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6.\\\ sworia: 1, 4, 5, 6.

\\\\ axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadebis mkurnalobis efeqturi meTodia:\\\ vitaminoTerapia\\\ sisxlis SenacvlebiTi gadasxma sicocxlis V dRes\\\ fotoTerapia\\ anti-Rh imunoglobulini

\\\\ ra mizniT gamoiyeneba fotoTerapia neonataluri siyviTleebis dros?\\\ gadahyavs arapirdapiri bilirubini pirdapirSi\\\ axdens. anemiis kupirebas\\ xels uwyobs arapirdapiri bilirubinis daSlas\\\ astimulirebs RviZlis eqskretorul funqcias

\\\\ axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadebis dros droul axalSobilebSi sisxlisSenacvlebiTi operaciis Cvenebaa bilirubinis Semdegi saaTobrivi namati;\\\ 3 mkmol/l\\ 8 mkmol/l\\\ 5 mkmol/l\\\ 1 mkmol/l

\\\\ rkinis deficits bavSvTa asakSi iwvevs yvela CamoTvlili, garda:\\\ sisxlis dakargva\\ memkvidruli ganwyoba\\\ xSiri avadoba\\\ medikamentebis Warbi gamoyeneba

\\\\ dRenaklTa adreul anemias axasiaTebs yvela CamoTvlili, garda:\\\ vlindeba sicocxlis IV – VIII kviras\\\ sifermkrTale\\\ taqikardia\\ abdominalgia

14

\\\\ dRenaklulTa mogvianebiT anemias ar axasiaTebs:\\ muqi Sardi\\\ vlindeba sicocxlis me-12 -16 kviras\\\ hepato-splenomegalia\\\ umadoba

\\\\ memkvidreobiT sferocitozs Cveulebriv ar axasiaTebs:\\\ neonatalur periodSi gamovlena\\\ splenomegalia\\ ramdenime kvira gagrZeleba\\\ asakis Sesabamisi fsiqo-motoruli ganviTareba

\\\\ mkurnalobis romeli meTodi iZleva gankurnebis tolfas remisiasmemkvidreobiTi sferocitozis dros?\\\ Zvlis tvinis transplantacia\\\ hemotransfuzia\\ spleneqtomia\\\ membranostabilizatorebis gamoyeneba

\\\ qvemoT CamoTvlili laboratoriuli niSnebidan romeli ar axasiaTebs did Talasemias?\\ Sratis rkinis da feritinis daqveiTeba\\\ mZime hipoqromuli anemia\\\ retikulocitozi\\\ fetaluri hemoglobinis momateba

\\\\ didi Talasemiis mkurnalobis efeqturi meTodia:\\\ citostatiuri preparatebis gamoyeneba\\\ plazmaferezi\\ Zvlis tvinis transplantacia\\\ sisxlis SenacvlebiTi gadasxma

\\\\ ferment glukozo-6-fosfatdehidrogenazas deficitiT gamowveulanemias ar axasiaTebs:\\\ neonatalur periodSi gamovlena\\\ maprovocirebeli faqtoris zemoqmedebiT gamovlena\\ gvxvdeba vaJebSi, romelTa mamebs aqvT fermentis deficiti\\\ muqi Sardi

\\\\ vitamin B12-is da foliumis mJavas deficits bavSvebSi iwvevs yvela CamoTvlili mizezi,garda:\\\ Txis rZiT kveba\\\ dRenakluloba\\\ WiebiT invazia\\ spleneqtomia

\\\\ romeli niSani ar aris tipiuri daimond-bleqfenis aplaziuri anemiis dros?\\\ neonatalur periodSi gamovlena\\\ sifermkrTale\\\ mielogramaze – eriTroiduli Stos hipoplazia\\ leiko-Trombocitopenia

\\\\ fankonis anemias axasiaTebs yvela, garda erTisa:\\\ pancitopenia\\ retikulocitozi\\\ eds-is aCqareba\\\ Zvlis tvinis hipocelularoba

\\\\ SeZenili aplaziuri anemiis mkurnalobis standartul sqemaSi ar Sedis:

15

\\\ kortikosteroidebi\\\ antiTimocituri globulini\\\ Zvlis tvinis transplantacia\\ rkinis preparatebi

\\\\ romel asakSi manifestirdeba hemofilia?\\\ neonatalur\\\ pubertul\\ 6-12 Tvis asakSi\\\ nebismier asakSi

\\\\ hemofilia A-s SemTxvevaSi marTebulia:\\\ Tanabari sixSiriT gvxvdeba orive sqesSi\\\ gadaecema autosomur-dominanturi tipiT\\\ sisxldena atarebs angiomatozur xasiaTs\\ dakavSirebulia Tromboplastinis warmoSobis fazaSi monawile plazmurifaqtorebis deficitTan

\\\\ romeli laboratoriuli monacemi ar aris informatiuli idiopaTiuriTrombocitopeniuri purpuris dros?\\\ sisxldenis xangrZlivobis mateba\\\ sisxlSi antiTrombocituri antisxeulebis momateba\\\ Trombocitopenia\\ sisxlis Sededebis drois gaxangrZliveba

\\\\ riT emsgavseba idiopaTiuri Trombocitopeniuri purpura TrombasTenias?\\ klinikuri niSnebiT\\\ hematologiuri maCveneblebiT\\\ koagulologuri darRvevebiT\\\ medulogramiT

\\\\ idiopaTiuri Trombocitopeniuri purpuris dros diferenciuli diagnozi unda gatardesyvela CamoTvlil daavadebasTan, garda:\\\ mwvave leikozi\\ hemoragiuli vaskuliti\\\ bleqfen – daimondis aplaziuri anemia\\\ hemofilia.

\\\\ idiopaTiuri Trombocitopeniuri purpuris mkurnalobaSi ar gamoiyeneba:\\\ kortikosteroidebi\\\ pirdapiri moqmedebis antikoagulantebi\\ intravenuri imunoglobulinebi\\\ fitoTerapiuli saSualebebi

\\\\ hemoragiis romeli tipia damaxasiaTebeli hemoragiuli vaskulitisTvis?\\\ hematomuri\\\ peteqiur - laqovani\\ vaskulur – purpuruli\\\ angiomatozuri

\\\\ hemoragiuli vaskulitis mkurnalobaSi wamyvani roli ekuTvnis:\\\ antihistaminuri preparatebs\\\ vikasols\\\ Zvlis tvinis transplantacias\\ pirdapiri moqmedebis antikoagulantebs

\\\\ mwvave leikozis romeli forma gvxvdeba ufro xSirad bavSvTa asakSi?\\ limfoblasturi

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\\\ mieloblasturi\\\ monoblasturi\\\ eriTromielozi

\\\\ mwvave leikozis romeli formiT vlindeba “Tandayolili leikozi”?\\\ limfoblasturi\\ mieloblasturi\\\ aradiferencirebuli\\\ mielo-monocituri

\\\\ mwvave leikozisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia yvela CamoTvlili niSani, garda erTisa:\\\ osalgia\\\ epistaqsisi\\ enurezi\\\ leikemidebi

\\\\ mwvave leikozis dros hematologiur remisiaze metyvelebs:\\\ eds-i 30mm/sT\\ Zvlis tvinis punqtatSi blastebi 4%\\\ periferiul sisxlSi blastebi 12%\\\ Trombocitebi 500X109

\\\\ qronikuli leikozis romeli forma gvxvdeba bavSvTa asakSi?\\\ limfoleikozi\\ mieloleikozi\\\ megakariocituli\\\ eozinofiluri

\\\\ limfogranulomatozisTvis damaxasiaTebelia:1. cxeleba 2. oflianoba 3. filadelfiis qromosoma 4. leikemidebi 5. qavili 6. leikocitozi\\ sworia: 1, 2, 5, 6.\\\ sworia: 1, 2, 3, 4.\\\ sworia: 3, 4, 5, 6.\\\ sworia: 2, 3, 4, 5.

\\\\ bavSvTa asakSi romeli limfuri kvanZebi ziandeba ufroxSirad limfogranulomatozis dros?\\\\ sazardulis\\\\ kefis\\\ jorjlis\\ Suasayris

\\\\ ra meTodi ar gamoiyeneba Cveulebriv limfogranulomatozis samkurnalod?\\\ sxivuri Terapia\\ fizioTerapia\\\ poliqimioTerapia\\\ imunoTerapia

\\\\ qronikul mieloleikozs laboratoriulad axasiaTebs yvela, garda erTisa:\\\ neitrofiluri leikocitozi\\\ eozinofilur-bazofiluri asociacia periferiul sisxlSi\\\ filadelfiis qromosoma\\ leikemiuri naprali periferiul sisxlSi

\\\\ 14 wlis gogona uCivis sifermkrTales, Tmis cvenas, sicilis drosSardis Seukaveblobas. saTanado gamokvlevebiT daisva iuveniluriqlorozis diagnozi. Sratis rkinis ra maCvenebeli Seesabameba aRniSnul mdgomareobas?\\ 5 mkmol/l

17

\\\ 20 mkmol/l\\\ 30 mkmol/l\\\ 40 mkmol/l

\\\\ 6 dRis asakis droul axalSobils tranzitoruli (e.w. fiziologiuri) siyviTliTsaerTo bilirubinis maCvenebeli SesaZlebelia hqondes:\\\ 17 mkmol/l\\\ 30 mkmol/l\\ 70 mkmol/l\\\ 15 mkmol/l

\\\\ 5 wlis janmrTeli bavSvis periferiul sisxlSi limfocitebismaCvenebeli unda iyos:\\\ 10%\\\ 21%\\\ 65%\\ 40%

\\\\ 4 wlis janmrTeli gogonas periferiuli sisxlis romeli maCvenebeli ar Seesabamebanormas?\\\ bazofilebi 0,5%\\\ eriTrocitebi 4,0 X 1012/l\\ mielocitebi 2%\\\ eozinofilebi 3%

\\\\ romel asakSi SeiZleba CaiTvalos periferiul sisxlSi limfocitebisraodenoba 60% normad?\\\ adreul neonatalur periodSi\\\ pubertul periodSi\\\ 40 wlis Semdeg\\ 3 wlis asakSi

\\\\ diafragmis Tandayolili Tiaqris SemTxvevaSi yvela mtkiceba sworia,garda erTisa:\\ diafragmis defeqti uxSiresad marjvena mxaresaa\\\ iwvevs filtvis hipoplazias\\\ dabadebidan vlindeba progresuli respiraciuli distresi\\\ xelovnuri ventilacia zogjer amZimebs zogad mdgomareobas

\\\\ konstituciuri ketoacidozis SetevisTvis ar aris tipiuria:\\\ Seupovari Rebineba\\\ Sardi da pirnaRebi masa daikravs acetonis suns\\\ sisxlSi da SardSi momatebulia acetoni\\ metaboluri alkalozi

\\\\ kuWis da Tormetgoja nawlavis wylulovani daavadebis yvelazexSiri garTuleba bavSvebSi aris\\ sisxldena\\\ pilorostenozi\\\ perforacia\\\ malignizacia

\\\\ cistofibrozis dros ganavali Cveulebriv ar aris:\\\ uxvi\\\ cximiani\\\ myrali\\ sisxliani

18

\\\\ CamoTvlili preparatebidan cistofibrozis dros Cveulebriv ar gamoioyeneba:\\\ fermentebi\\\ cximSi xsnadi vitaminebi\\\ antibiotikebi\\ safaRaraTo saSualebebi

\\\\ hepato-biliaruli paTologiis dros ar aris rekomendebuli sakveb racionSi CairTos:\\ Semwvari xorci\\\ moxarSuli xorci\\\ rZis produqtebi\\\ bostneuli

\\\\ hepato-celuluri ukmarisobis dros aratipiuria:\\\ hipoproteinemia disproteinemiiT\\\ Sededebis faqtorebis Semcireba\\\ Sededebis drois gaxangrZliveba\\ hiperalbuminemia

\\\\ qronikul aqtiur hepatits Cveulebriv ar axasiaTebs:\\\ gardamavali siyviTle\\\ hepatosplenomegalia\\\ RviZlis progresuli ukmarisoba\\ limfadenopaTia

\\\\ RviZlis cirozis kardinaluri niSania\\\ siyviTle\\\ anemia\\ RviZlis zomebSi Semcireba da gamkvriveba\\\ hiperaminotransferazemia

\\\\ pankreatitis sadiagnostikod yvelaze meti informaciuli datvirTva aqvs\\\ muclis Rrus organoebis mimoxilviT rentgenografias an ultraskenirebas\\ amilazas an lipazas gansazRvras sisxlSi\\\ glukozis koncentracias sisxlSi\\\ periferiuli sisxlis suraTs

\\\\ hepatocitolizis maCvenebelia\\\ hiperbilirubinemia\\\ hipoproteinemia disproteinemiiT\\ hiperaminotransferazemia\\\ C-reaqtiuli cilis mateba

\\\\ CamoTvlilidan romelia swori hirSprungis (agangliuri megakolonis) dros?\\\ klinikuri niSnebi yovelTvis sicocxlis pirveli dReebSi vlindeba\\\ agangliuri zona uxSiresad mdebareobs Tormetgoja nawlavis doneze\\\ medikamentozuri Terapia qirurgiuli mkurnalobis alternativaa\\ irigoskopiiT SesaZlebelia nawlavis Seviwroebuli ubnis gamovlena

\\\\ cistofibrozis (mukoviscidozis) garTuleba SeiZleba iyos yvela, gardaerTisa:\\\ filtvismieri guli\\\ nawlavis polipi\\\ dolis Cxiris formis TiTebi\\ gonebriv ganviTarebaSi CamorCena

\\\\ cistofibrozis klinikuri gamovlineba ar SeiZleba iyos:\\\ sinusiti

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\\\ pnevmonia\\\ pankreatiti\\ encefaliti

\\\\ 8 wlis vaJs ukanaskneli 6 kviraa aReniSneba Rebineba da muclis tkivili.endoskopiuri kvleviT dadginda peptiuri wyluli. biofsiurimasalis SeswavliT dadasturda Helicobacter pylori_s arseboba.mkurnalobis sqemaSi SesaZlebelia gamoyenebuli iyos yvela medikamenti, garda erTisa\\\ antibiotiki\\\ triqopoli\\\ H _2 histaminoblokatori an protonis tumbos inhibitori\\ mukolizuri preparatebi

\\\\ kuW-nawlavis traqtis helminTebiT inficirebis sadiagnostikod yvelzeinformatiulia:\\\ rentgenologiuri kvleva\\\ endoskopiuri kvleva\\ koprologiuri kvleva\\\ bioqimiuri kvleva

\\\\ lambliozi (giardiazi) yvelaze xSirad asocirdeba:\\\ hepatitTan\\\ wylulovani daavadebasTan\\\ miokarditTan\\ qolediskineziasTan

\\\\ celiakias ar axasiaTebs:\\\ diarea\\\ fizikur ganviTarebaSi CamorCena\\ krunCxvebi\\\ muclis Seberva, meteorizmi

\\\\ wylulovani daavadebis wamyvani klinikuri niSania\\ muclis tkivili\\\ yabzoba\\\ umadoba\\\ sisxldena

\\\\ qronikuli gastritis samkurnalod Cveulebriv ar gamoiyeneba\\\ dietoTerapia\\\ antacidebi\\\ H2 histamino blokatorebi\\ fermentebi

\\\\ araspecifiuri wylulovani kolitis klinikuri suraTisTvis aratipiuria:\\\ sisxliani diarea\\\ muclis movliTi xasiaTis tkivilebi\\ gonebriv ganviTarebaSi CamorCena\\\ posthemoragiuli anemia

\\\\ araspecifiuri wylulovani kolitis tipiuri garTuleba ar aris:\\\ toqsiuri megakoloni\\\ nawlavis perforacia\\\ profozuli sisxldena nawlavebidan\\ swori nawlavis prolafsi.\\\\ kronis daavadebis dros qirurgiuli Carevis Cvenebaa yvela, garda erTisa\\\ profuzuli sisxldena\\\ nawlauri gauvaloba

20

\\\ perforacia / peritoniti\\ mZime gaxangrZlivebuli diarea

\\\\ enkoprezi niSnavs\\\ Sardis Seukaveblobas\\ ganavlis Seukaveblobas\\\ Ramis Sardvas\\\ Seupovar yabzobas

\\\\ reis sindromi gulisxmobs\\ encefalopaTias da RviZlis mwvave ukmarisobas\\\ RviZlisa da Tirkmlis mwvave ukmarisobas\\\ hepatomegalias da gonebriv ganviTarebSi CamorCenas\\\ Seupovar Rebinebas da diareas

\\\\reis sindromi SeiZleba gamoiwvios, yvelam, garda erTisa\\\ aspirinis miRebam\\\ virusulma infeqciebma\\\ tetraciklinis miRebam\\ stresulma situaciebma

\\\\ mwvave pankreatitis ganviTarebis yvelaze xSiri mizezi bavSvTa asakSi aris:\\ muclis daxuruli travma\\\ epidemiuri parotiti\\\ pankreasis cistofibrozi\\ qoleliTiazi

\\\\ pankreasis cistofibrozis garTuleba ar aris\\\ swori nawlavis prolafsi\\\ cximSi xsnadi vitaminebis deficiti\\\ uSviloba\\ miokarditi

\\\\ 4 Tvis asakSi gastro-ezofaguri refluqsi SeiZleba gaamovlindes yvelaCamoTvlili simptomiT, garda erTisa:\\\ Ramis xvela\\ diarea\\\ Rebineba\\\ zrdaSi CamorCena

\\\\ CamoTvlili daavadebebidan romlis diagnostikaSi mogexmarebaT kolonoskopia?\\\ celiakia\\\ cistofibrozi\\ araspecifiuri wylulovani koliti\\\ duodeniti

\\\\ CamoTvlilidan romeli daavadebis diagnostika SeiZleba oflis testiT?\\\ celiakia\\\ glikogenozi\\\ galaqtozemia\\ cistofibrozi

\\\\ romeli daavadebis sadiagnostikod aris aucilebeli wvrili nawlavisbiofsia?\\\ hirSprungis daavadeba\\\ cistofibrozi\\\ kronis daavadeba\\ celiakia

21

\\\\ 3 wlis bavSvs Txilis miRebis Semdeg moulodnelad gamouvlindageneralizebuli gamonayari qaviliT, tuCebisa da Tvalebis SeSupeba,sunTqvis gaZneleba. temperatura 36.8, sunTqvis sixSire 32, maja 90.arteriuli wneva 85/65 mm. vwy. romel medikaments ixmarT pirvel rigSi?\\\ suprastini i/v\\\ prednizoloni oralurad\\\ hidrokortizoni i/v\\ epinefrini kanqveS

\\\\ 15 wlis pacients, romelic 12 dRis win dagesla krazanam, aReniSnebadabali cxeleba, makulo-papuluri gamonayari, marjvena muxlis SeSupebada tkivili. temperatura 38,2, sunTqvaa 28, maja 82, arteriuli wneva 90/70 mm.vwy.gamarTlebulia yvela medikamentis xmareba, garda erTisa\\\ kortikosteroidi\\\ aspirini\\\ antihistaminuri\\ antibiotiki

\\\\ CamoTvlilidan romeli ar aris ganpirobebuli IV tipis (Senelebuli tipis)alergiuli reaqciiT?\\\ kontaqturi dermatiti\\\ mantus sinji\\ urtikaria\\\ transplantantis mocileba

\\\\ sistemuri anafilaqsiuri reaqciis manifestacia SeiZleba iyos yvela, gardaerTisa:\\\ urtikaria\\ bradikardia da hipotenzia\\\ Rebineba, diarea\\\ stridori, mstvenavi xixini

\\\\ III tipis alergiul reaqciebs miekuTvneba:\\\ artiusis fenomeni\\\ Sratis daavadeba\\ mantus sinji\\\ glomerulonefriti

\\\\ 10 wlis bavSvs 3 kviris manZilze aReniSneba cxeleba (39,8), marjvenamuxlis saxsris tkivili da moZraobaSi SezRudva. eWvi iqna mitanilirevmatoidul arTritze. amJamad uCivis gulmkerdis areSi mwvave tkivilsda dispnoes. raze ifiqrebT?\\\ naRvlis buStis wyalmankze\\\ filtvis emboliaze\\\ Tirkmlis mwvave ukmarisobaze\\ perikarditze

\\\\ 10 wlis pacients cxelebiT, marjvena muxlis tkiviliT da gamonayriT 3Tvis win dausves revmatoiduli arTritis diagnozi. amJamad gamovlindaTvalebis tkivili da SewiTleba. raze ifiqrebT?\\\ koniuqtivitze\\ uveitze\\\ glaukomaze\\\ kavasakis daavadebaze

\\\\ 10 wlis pacients, romelic daavadebulia revmatoiduli arTritiT,gamouvlinda uveiti. romeli preparatia yvelaze mniSvnelovani

22

Terapiuli saSualeba qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan?\\\ acetilsalicilis mJava\\\ arasteroiduli anTebis sawinaaRmdego saSualebebi\\ sistemuri kortikosteroidebi\\\ imunosupresiuli medikamentebi

\\\\ revmatoiduli arTritis sistemuri variantis (stilis daavadeba) inicialuriklinikuri gamovlineba SeiZleba iyos yvela, garda erTisa:\\\ arTriti\\ iridocikliti\\\ hepatosplenomegalia\\\ cxeleba da gamonayari

\\\\ tkivili gulmkerdis areSi bavSvebSi SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos yveladaavadebiT, garda erTisa:\\\ asTma\\\ kostoqondriti\\\ pnevmonia\\ gastroenteriti

\\\\ 6 wlis pacients 5 dRea aReniSneba cxeleba, urtikaria, marjvena muxlistkivili da kisris midamos limfadenopaTia. 10 dRis win mkurnalobdapeniciliniT faringitis gamo. romel daavadebaze ifiqrebT?\\\ stiven-jonsonis sindromi\\\ iuveniluri revmatoiduli arTriti\\\ revmatiuli cxeleba\\ Sratis daavadeba

\\\\ romeli gulis manki aris yvelaze xSirad asocirebuli daunis sindromTan?\\\ magistraluri sisxlZarRvebis transpozicia\\\ eizenmengeris kompleqsi\\\ botalis Ria sadinari\\ winagul-parkuWovani kompleqsuri defeqti

\\\\ 12 wlis pacients, romelmac skolis moedanze TamaSis dros fexebSi sisusteSeigrZno, skolis eqimma gasinjvis dros aRmouCina marcxena fexze wnevis ufrodabali maCveneblebi marcxena xelTan SedarebiT. raze ifiqrebT?\\\ winagulTaSua Zgidis defeqti\\ aortis koarqtacia\\\ marcxena koronaruli arteriis anomalia\\\ parkuWTaSoris Zgidis defeqti

\\\\ daunis sindromis fonze arsebuli gulis mankebi SeiZleba garTuldes:\\\ perikarditiT\\ pnevmoniiT\\\ hepatitiT\\\aortis koarqtaciiT

\\\\ infeqciuri endokarditis yvelaze tipiuri klinikuri niSania:\\\ Tavis tkivili\\\ gulmkerdis an muclis tkivili\\ cxeleba, Semcivneba\\\ umadoba, oflianoba

\\\\ romeli mtkicebulebaa swori? baqteriuli endokarditi\\ bavSvTa asakSi viTardeba meoradad gulis mankebis fonze\\\ bavSvebi mitraluri sarqvlis izolirebuli prolafsiT dabaliriskis jgufs miekuTvnebian

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\\\ ar emarTebaT pacientebs parkuWTaSoris Zgidis defeqtiT\\\ aortis stenozis gamo Catarebuli operaciuli Carevis Semdeg am daavadebisganviTarebis riski mcirdeba

\\\\ romeli infeqciuri agentia septiuri endokarditis yvelaze xSiri gamomwvevi?\\\ gram-uaryofiTi baqteriebi\\\ oqrosferi stafilokoki\\\ klostridia\\ streptokoki

\\\\ miokarditis SemTxvevaSi yvela mtkicebuleba sworia, garda erTisa:\\ virusuli genezisaa, uxSiresi gamomwvevia koksakis virusi\\\ klinikurad vlindeba gulis riTmis darRveviT\\\ gulis zomebi SesaZlebelia gadiddes\\ uxSiresad iwvevs oqrosferi stafilokoki

\\\\ 8 wlis pacients aReniSneba: agzneba, respiraciuli distresi, taqikardia,cxeleba. obieqturad: gadatvirTuli kisris venebi, hepatomegalia,paradoqsuli pulsi, gulis saZgeri Sesustebulia, gulis tonebi moyruebuli.savaraudo diagnozia:\\\ miokarditi\\\ laimis daavadeba\\\ pnevmonia\\ perikarditi

\\\\ revmatiuli cxelebis jonsis kriteriumebidan didi sadiagnostikokriteriumi ar aris:\\\ karditi\\\ poliarTriti\\ cxeleba\\\ qorea

\\\\ revmatiuli cxelebis jonsis kriteriumebidan didi sadiagnostikokriteriumi ar aris:\\\ karditi\\\ poliarTriti\\ C-reaqtiuli cilis momateba\\\ beWdiseburi (anularuli) eriTema

\\\\ 5 wlis pacienti erTi kviris win avad gaxda mwvave respiraciul-virusuli infeqciiT. amJamad aReniSneba cxeleba, Tavis tkivili,saxis SeSupeba, Cirqovani riniti, Ramis xvela. romel daavadebaze miitanT eWvs?\\\ pnevmonia\\ sinusiti\\\ Sua yuris anTeba\\\ alergiuli riniti

\\\\ Sua yuris anTebis garTuleba SeiZleba iyos:\\\ frontaluri sinusiti\\ mastoiditi\\\ pnevmonia\\\ serozuli meningiti

\\\\ romeli mtkicebulebaa araswori Sua yuris anTebis dros?\\\ uxSiresi gamomwvevi bavSvebSi aris streptokoki da hemofilusi\\ uxSiresi etiologiuri agenti adreul asakSi qlamidiaa\\\ SeiZleba adgili hqondes yuridan gamonadenis arsebobas\\\ otoskopiiT timpanuri membrana (dafis apki) hiperemiulia da pulsirebs

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\\\\ romeli mtkicebulebaa araswori peritonzilaruli abscesis dros?\\ Cveulebriv gvxvdeba adreuli asakis bavSvebSi\\\ wamyvani etiologiuri agenti A jgufis streptokokia\\\ xSirad axlavs stridori\\\ tipiuri klinikuri niSnebia trizmi, hipersalivacia, yelis Zlieri tkivili

\\\\ romeli mtkicebulebaa araswori invaginaciis dros?\\\ wlamde asakis bavSvebSi muclis tkiviliT mimdinare qirurgiuli paTologiis

wamyvani mizezia\\\ henox-Sonlainis purpuris dros invaginaciis riski imatebs\\\ movliTi xasiaTis tkivili iwyeba moulodnelad\\ Jolosferi Jelesmagvari ganavali sawyisi klinikuri manifestaciaa

\\\\ CamoTvlili niSnebidan hirSprungis daavadebis dros sworia yvela,garda erTisa:\\\ neonatebSi SeiZleba gaxdes mwvave gauvalobis mizezi\\\ CvilebSi vlindeba qronikuli yabzobiT\\\ oyna bariumiT avlens Seviwroebul ubans proqsimalurad gafarToebulinawlaviT\\ reqtaluri gasinjviT swori nawlavis ampula gadavsebulia fekaliebiT

\\\\ romeli diagnostikuri procedura aris yvelaze informatiuli disfagiisdros?\\\ gulmkerdis mimoxilviTi rentgenografia\\ saylapavis kontrastuli rentgenografia\\\ kisris midamos lateraluri rentgenografia\\\ laringoskopia

\\\\ oraluri sarehidratacio xsnaris gamoyeneba gamarTlebulia:\\\ virusuli diareis dros\\\ baqteriuli diareis dros\\\ parazituli diareis dros\\ nebismieri etiologiis diareis dros

\\\\ oraluri rehidrataciis winaaRmdegCvenebaa:\\ Seupovari Rebineba\\\ meteorizmi\\\ muclis tkivili\\\ 5 wlamde asaki

\\\\ 5 wlamde asakis bavSvebSi dehidrataciis (gauwylovnebis) xarisxis Sefasebaxdeba Semdegi niSnebis safuZvelze:\\\ cxeleba, taqikardia, hipertenzia\\\ Cacvenili Tvalebi, gaxSirebuli pulsi, ucremlod tirili\\ wyurvilis SegrZneba, mousvenroba an adinamia, kanis elastiurobisdaqveiTeba, Cacvenili Tvalebi\\\ oliguria, bradikardia, lorwovanebis simSrale

\\\\ mZime gauwylovnebis SemTxvevaSi intravenuri rehidrataciisaTvisupiratesoba eniWeba:\\\ fiziologiur xsnars\\ ringer-laqtatis xsnars\\\ glukozis 5%-ian xsnars\\\ cilovan xsnarebs

\\\\ dehidrataciis romel xarisxze miuTiTebs wylis xarbi sma,Zlieri Wirveulobaa, cremliT tirili, kanis naoWi swordeba <2 wamze droSi?

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\\\ dehidratacia ar aris\\\ I xarisxi anu msubuqi gauwyloeba\\ II xarisxi anu saSualo simZimis gauwyloeba\\\ III xarisxi anu mZime gauwyloeba

\\\\ alisferi sisxliT hematemezisi metyvelebs, rom dazianeba\\\ kuWSia\\ kuWs zemoTaa\\\ duodenumSia\\\ nawlavebSia

\\\\ moyavisfro-moSavo pirnaRebi masa (“yavis naleqis” simptomi) uxSiresad metyvelebs\\\ wylulovan ezofagitze\\ kuWis wylulovan daavadebaze\\\ sisxldenaze cxviridan an xaxidan\\\ araspecifiur wylulovan kolitze

\\\\ 7 wlis vaJs aReniSneba movliTi xasiaTis muclis tkivili, gamonayarizurgze, fexebze da dunduloebze. periferiuli sisxli cvlilebebis gareSea,SardSi proteinuria, mikrohematuria. savaraudo diagnozia:\\\ sistemuri wiTeli mglura\\\ kvanZovani periarteriiti\\ alergiuli vaskuliti (Sonlain_henoxis daavadeba)\\\ post_streptokokuli glomerulonefriti

\\\\ 6 wlis vaJs impetigos gadatanis Semdeg gamouvlinda muqi yavisferi Sardi.eWvi iqna mitanili post_streptokokul glomerulonefritze. kidevra simptomebs SeiZleba hqondes adgili? (sworia yvela, garda erTisa)\\\ hipertenzia, Tavis tkivili, Rebineba\\\ periorbitaluri SeSupeba\\\ oliguria, hematuria\\ splenomegalia

\\\\ hemolitiko-uremiuli sindromisaTvis tipiuria yvela, garda erTisa:\\\ provocireba ukavSirdeba sasunTqi sistemis an kuW-nawlavis daavadebebs\\\ viTardeba Tirkmlis mwvave ukmarisoba (hipertenzia, anuria, encefalopaTia)\\\ tipiuria mZime hemolizuri anemia da Trombocitopenia\\ tipiuri gamovlinebaa Trombocitozi

\\\\ romeli mtkicebulebaa araswori vilsonis daavadebis dros?\\\ adgili aqvs genetikurad determinirebul spilenZis cvlis darRvevas\\\ samizne organoebia RviZli, tvini, Tvali, Tirkmeli\\\ kaizer_ fleiSeris momwvano-moyviTalo rgolebi TvalSi erT-erTidiagnostikuri kriteriumia\\ daavadeba vlindeba sicocxlis pirvel TveebSi

\\\\ ra genezis Tirkmlis dazianeba axasiaTebs vilsonis daavadebas?\\\ Tirkmlis milakebis pirveladi dazianeba\\ metaboluri dazianeba\\\ multisistemuri dazianeba\\\ arc erTi pasuxi ar aris swori

\\\\ Tirkmelebis dazianebis genezi alportis sindromis dros (ojaxuriglomerulonefriti, siyrue, sibrmave) aris:\\\ Tirkmlis milakebis pirveladi dazianeba\\\ metaboluri dazianeba\\ multisistemuri dazianeba

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\\\ arc erTi pasuxi ar aris swori

\\\\ romeli virusi ar iwvevs perinatalur infeqcias?\\\ citomegalovirusi\\\ wiTuras virusi\\\ ubralo herpesis virusi\\ rotavirusi

\\\\ Cutyvavilis garTuleba SesaZlebelia iyos yvela, garda erTisa:\\\ reis sindromi\\\ encefaliti\\\ pnevmonia\\ orqiti

\\\\ 3 wlis bavSvs aReniSneba temperatura 39.4 da Seupovari Rebineba. fizikurigamokvleviT xaxis hiperemia, kisris kunTebis rigidoba. Tqveni Semdgomi taqtikaa:\\ dauyovnebliv lumburi punqcia da punqtatis kvleva\\\ xaxis nacxi\\\ sisxlis kultura\\\ penicilinoTerapia 10 dRis manZilze

\\\\ 14 wlis gogonas aReniSneba yelis tkivili, subfebriluri temperatura,difuzuri makulo-papuluri gaamonayari. gasinjviT vlindeba zomierad gadidebulida mtkivneuli kisris limfuri jirkvlebi. daavadebis dawyebidan III dRestemperaturam normalizeba ganicada da gamonayari ukvalod gaqra.savaraudo diagnozia:\\\ wiTela\\\ infeqciuri mononukleozi\\\ infeqciuri eriTema\\ wiTura

\\\\ falos tetradas ar axasiaTebs\\\ iZulebiTi mdebareoba cianozis Setevebis dros\\ usimptomo mimdinareoba\\\ “dolis joxismagvari” TiTebi\\\ policitemia

\\\\ sistemuri wiTeli mgluras dros gamonayars tipiuri lokalizaciis adgilia:\\\ yuris niJarebi\\\ sxeuli\\\ kidurebi\\ cxviri da loyebi

\\\\ sistemuri wiTeli mgluras dros gadamwyveti diagnostikuri RirebulebaeniWeba:\\\ disproteinemias\\\ eds-is aCqarebas\\\ imunoglobulinebis momatebas\\ LE -ujredebis aRmoCenas

\\\ CamoTvlilisagan sklerodermiisaTvis yvelaze metad tipiuria:\\\ RviZlis dazianeba\\ kanis dazianeba\\\ kardiopaTia\\\ nefropaTia

\\\\ CamiTvlilidan dermatomiozits pirvel rigSi axasiaTebs:\\\ reinos sindromi

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\\\ neiropaTia\\\ nefropaTia\\ kunTebis generalizebuli dazianeba

\\\\ revmatoidul arTrits ar axasiaTebs:\\\ mcire zomis saxsrebis dazianeba\\\ ”dilis SeboWiloba”\\ saxsrebis “mfrinavi” xasiaTis tkivili\\\ arTritis xangrZlivi mimdinareoba da saxsrebis deformacia

\\\\ revmatiuli cxelebis ganviTarebas win uswrebs:\\\ pielonefriti\\ mwvave tonzilo-faringiti\\\ qolecistiti\\\ vulvovaginiti

\\\\ revmatiuli cxelebis ZiriTadi diagnostikuri kriteriumia:\\\ arTralgia\\\ cxeleba\\ karditi\\\ O- antistreptolizinis maRali titri

\\\\ revmatiuli endokarditis dros umetesad ziandeba:\\\ aortis sarqveli\\ orkariani sarqveli\\\ samkariani sarqveli\\\ filtvis arteria

\\\\ revmatiul qoreas ar axasiaTebs:\\\ qaotiuri moZraoba\\\ koordinaciis darRveva\\ saxis nervis parezi\\\ xelweris Secvla

\\\\ revmokardits ar axasiaTebs:\\\ gulis sazRvrebis gadideba\\\ gulis tonebis moyrueba\\\ mberavi sistoluri Suili gulis mwvervalze\\ splenomegalia

\\\\ diastoluri kankali (“katis krutuni”) gulis mwvervalze axasiaTebs:\\\ mitraluri sarqvlis ukmarisobas\\ mitralur stenozs\\\ aortis stenozs\\\ aortis koarqtacias

\\\\ eqsudaciur perikardits ar axasiaTebs:\\\ saxis da sxeulis zeda nawilis SeSupeba\\ perikardis xaxuni\\\ kardiomegalia\\\ taqikardia, paradoqsuli pulsi

\\\\ SemaerTebeli qsovilis difuzuri dazianebiT mimdinare daavadebebs(kolagenozebs) ar miekuTvneba:\\ greivsis daavadeba\\\ dermatomioziti\\\ sklerodermia\\\kvanZovani periarteriiti

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\\\\ revmatiul cxelebas ar axasiaTebs:\\\ mwvave dasawyisi\\\ msxvili saxsrebis dazianeba\\\ kardio-vaskuluri sindromi\\ saxsrebis deformacia da ankilozi

\\\\ Tvalis dazianeba (uveiti) axasiaTebs:\\\ sklerodermias\\\ revmatiul cxelebas\\ revmatoidul arTrits\\\ reaqtiul arTrits

\\\\ reiteris sindromisTvis tipiur triadaSi ar Sedis:\\\ koniuqtiviti\\ kataraqta\\\ ureTriti\\\ arTriti

\\\\ ra rekomendacias miscemdiT dedas mwvave diareis mqone ZuZuTi kvebazemyofi bavSvis kvebis wesTan dakavSirebiT?\\\ misces mxolod brinjis naxarSi\\\ daicvas wylis dieta\\\ gadaiyvanos rZis xelovnur narevze\\ misces ZuZu ufro xSirad da xangrZlivad

\\\\ romeli produqtis micemaze Tavis Sekavebas urCevT dedas diareis dros?\\\ bostneulis naxarSi\\\ mawoni\\\ xilis wvenebi da kampotebi\\ uxeSi ujredisis Semcvel produqtebze( axali xili da bostneuli,kartofilis sqeli piure)

\\\\ bavSvis romeli paTologia miekuTvneba ZuZuTi kvebis absoluturwinaaRmdegCvenebas?\\\ rZiana\\\ daunis daavadeba\\\ “kurdRlis tuCi”\\ fenilketonuria

\\\\ saylapavis atrezia vlindeba dabadebisTanave:\\\ hipersalivaciiT\\\ respiraciuli distresiT\\\ RebinebiT kvebis mcdelobis SimTxvevaSi\\ sworia yvela pasuxi

\\\\ axalSobili ZuZuTi unda ikvebebodes:\\\ saaTobrivi reJimiT da Ramis intervaliT\\\ saaTobrivi reJimiT Ramis intervalis gareSe\\ bavSvis moTxovniT dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi\\\ saaTobrivi reJimis gareSe da Ramis intervaliT

\\\\ ZuZuTi eqskluziuri kveba rekomendebulia\\\ sicocxlis pirveli 3 Tve\\ pirveli 6 Tve\\\ pirveli 8 Tve\\\ icocxlis pirveli wlis ganmavlobaSi

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\\\\ damatebiTi sakvebis micema rekomendebulia:\\\ 3 Tvidan\\ 6 Tvidan\\\ 8 Tvidan\\\ 12 Tvidan

\\\\ dedis romeli paTologia iTvleba ZuZuTi kvebis winaaRmdegCvenebad?\\\ pnevmonia\\\ infeqciuri diarea\\\ mastiti\\ aiv-infeqcia/Sidsi

\\\\ romeli mtkicebulebaa araswori axalSobilTa sefsisis SemTxvevaSi?\\\ adreuli sefsisis ganviTareba ukavSirdeba perinatalur periodSiinficirebas\\\ gviani sefsisis ganviTareba postnataluri inficirebis Sedegia\\\ invaziuri procedurebi SeiZleba nozokomuri sefsisis mizezi gaxdes\\ gaxangrZlivebuli uwylo periodi (>18sT) ar iTvleba sefsisisrisk-faqtorad

\\\\ axalSobilTa sefsisis ganviTarebis risk-faqtorad ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos:\\\ gaxangrZlivebuli uwylo periodi (>18sT)\\\ dedis cxeleba mSobiarobis dros\\\ dedis saSarde gzebis infeqcia, endometriti\\ wina bavSvis avadoba sefsisiT

\\\\ klasikur rubeolur embriopaTiaSi (e.w. “greguas” triada) ar Sedis:\\\ gul-sisxlZarRvTa ganviTarebis manki\\\ c.n.s.-is manki\\\ Tvalis ganviTarebis manki\\ Tirkmlis ganviTarebis manki

\\\\ 8 dRis axalSobils, romelic daavadebulia stafilokokuri pnevmoniiT SesaZlebeliaganuviTardes yvela garTuleba, garda erTisa:\\\ abscesi\\\ pnevmoToraqsi\\ epiglotiti\\\ empiema

\\\\ romel mdgomareobaze ver miitanT eWvs Sardis klinikuri analizissafuZvelze?\\\ saSarde gzebis infeqciaze\\\ nefrozul sindromze\\\ glomerulonefritze\\ fosforis cvlis darRvevaze

\\\\ siyviTlis ganviTarebis mizezi sicocxlis pirvel dRes ar SeiZleba iyos:\\\ ABO SeuTavsebloba\\\ Tandayolili citomegalia\\ tranzitoruli koniugaciuri siyviTle\\\ adreuli sefsisi

\\\\ 9 Tvis Cvils aReniSneba temperaturis momateba 39,6 gradusamde.obieqturi gasinjviT paTologiuri cvlilebebi ar vlindeba. romelidaavadeba SeiZleba iyos amis mizezi am asakobriv jgufSi?\\\ baqteriuli meningiti\\ saSarde gzebis infeqcia\\\ streptokokuli faringiti

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\\\ revmatiuli cxeleba

\\\\ 2 wlis vaJs aReniSneba cxelebis da koWlobis 11 dRiani anamnezi.gasinjvis dros gamovlinda eriTematozul-makuluri gamonayari,koniuqtiviti, mSrali, daxeTqili tuCebi, kisris midamos limfadenopaTia,kanis aqercvla xelis frCxilebis irgvliv, sistoluri Suili. laboratoriuligamokvleviT Trombocitozi. savaraudo diagnozia:\\\ qunTruSa\\\ infeqciuri mononukleozi\\\ Trombocitopeniuri purpura\\ kavasakis daavadeba

//// ramdenia filtvebSi wilebis raodenoba:/// marjvniv 2 marcxniv 3// marjvniv 3 marcxniv 2/// 2_2 orive mxares/// 3_3 orive mxares

//// ramdenia filtvebSi segmentebis raodenoba:/// marjvniv 9, marcxniv 10// marcxniv 9, marjvniv 10/// marjvniv10, marcxniv 10/// marcxniv 9, marjvniv 9

//// zeda sasunTq gzebs miekuTvneba:/// cxviri, cxvir_xaxa, traqea/// cxviri, xorxi, traqea// cxviri, cxvir_xaxa, xorxi, traqea/// cxvir_xaxa, xorxi, traqea

//// qveda sasunTq gzebs miekuTvneba:/// xorxi, traqea, bronqebi// bronqiolebi, filtvebi/// cxviri, cxvir_xaxa, xorxi/// xorxi, traqea ,filtvebi

//// SuasayarSi ar mdebareobs:/// guli/// qveda Rru vena/// mkerdukana jirkvali// zeda Rru vena

//// filtvis fesvi ar Seicavs:/// msxvil bronqebs// bronqiolebs/// sisxlZarRvebs/// limfur jirkvlebs

//// sunTqvis paTologiur tipebs miekuTvneba yvela CamoTvlili, garda/// biotis/// Cein_stoqsis/// grokos

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// taqipnoe

//// mukociliaruli transportis efeqturoba damokidebulia traqeobronquli lorwosyvela CamoTvlil Tvisebaze, garda:/// raodenoba/// elastiuroba/// siblante// feri

//// mwvave obstruqciuli bronqitis dros paTologiuri procesilokalizdeba:// msxvil da saSualo kalibris bronqebSi/// bronqiolebSi/// alveolebSi/// intersticiul qsovilSi

//// eqspiraciuli qoSini axasiaTebs yvelas, garda:/// obstruqciuli bronqiti/// bronqioliti/// bronquli asTma// cru krupi

////inspiraciuli qoSini axasiaTebs yvelas, garda:/// mwvave laringotraqeiti/// Tandayolili stridori/// xorxis alergiuli SeSupeba// bronquli asTma

//// mwvave bronqitis gamomwvevi SeiZleba iyos yvela CamoTvlili, garda:/// virusebi/// baqteriebi/// fizikuri da qimiuri faqtorebi// Tbili haeri

//// mwvave bronqitis dros rentgenogramaze aRiniSneba// filtvis sisxlZarRvovani suraTis gaZliereba/// diafragmis mdebareobis Secvla/// ateleqtazuri ubnebis gaCena/// arahomogenuri daCrdilva

//// mwvave bronqitis mkurnaloba Cveulebriv warmoebs:/// stacionarSi// ambulatorul pirobebSi/// jer ambulatorulad, mere stacionarSi/// jer stacionarSi,mere ambulatorulad

//// mwvave bronqitis antibaqteriuli Terapiis Cvenebaa, yvela CamoTvlili, garda:/// daavadebis mZime klinikuri mimdinareoba/// Cirqovani naxvelis gamoCena/// bavSvis asaki 3 Tvemde// mSrali xvela

//// bronqiolitis wamyvani klinikuri niSani aris:/// xvela;// qoSini;/// tkivili gulmkerdis areSi;/// yvela zemoT CamoTvlili;

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//// mwvave bronqiolitisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia:/// sunTqvis ukmarisobis ararseboba/// xvelis ararseboba// wvrilbuStukovani sveli xixini, subkrepitacia/// perkutoruli xmianobis Semokleba

//// bronqiolitis simZimis informatiul maCvenebels miekuTvneba yvela qvemoTCamoTvlili,garda:/// gamoxatuli intoqsikaciis niSnebi/// ateleqtazi rentgenogramaze/// sunTqvis sixSire>70wT.// mSrali xvela

//// bronquli obstruqciis Seqcevad komponents ganekuTvneba yvela CamoTvlili, garda:/// bronqebis lorwovani garsis anTeba/// bronqebis spazmi/// bronqebis mukociliaruli aparatis funqciis moSla// bronqebis sanaTuris stenozi da obliteracia, agreTve maTi eqspiraciuli kolafsi

//// romelia tipiuri simptomi obstruqciuli bronqitis dros/// SeteviTi xvela/// xvela uxvi naxveliT// gafantuli mstvinavi xixini/// wvrilbuStukovani sveli xixini

//// mwvave laringotraqeits (cru krupi) klinikurad ar axasiaTebs:/// myefavi xvela/// xmauriani sunTqva/// xmis CaxleCa// Zlieri intoqsikacia

//// mwvave laringotraqeitis (cru krupi) ganviTarebis ZiriTadi mizezia yvela CamoTvlili,garda:/// nazi ,drekadi xorxis xrtilebi/// sisxlZarRvebiTa da limfuri ZarRvebiT mdidari lorwovani garsi/// elastiuri qsovilis sustad ganviTareba// kunTovani qsovilis Warbad ganviTareba

//// qronikuli bronqitis wamyvani simptomad msxvili bronqebis lorwovani garsisupiratesi dazianebisas iTvleba:/// Zlieri mSrali xvela/// qoSini// xvela naxveliT/// subkrepitacia upiratesasd filtvis qvemo wilebSi

//// qronikuli bronqitis ganviTarebis xelSemwyobi faqtorebia yvela CamoTvlili, garda:/// Tambaqos weva/// dabinZurebuli atmosferuli haeri/// xSiri respiratoruli infeqciebi// 3 wlamde asaki

//// qronikuli maoblitirebeli bronqioliti ZiriTadad viTardeba rogorc garTuleba:/// mwvave martivi bronqitis// bronqiolitis/// obstruqciuli bronqitis/// qronikuli bronqitis

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//// bronquli asTmis tipiuri klinika aris:/// mSrali xvela/// alergiuli bronqiti// SeteviTi xvela, gamoxatuli moxrCobis grZnoba/// filtvis mwvave emfizema

//// bronquli asTmis atopiur genezze arapirdapir miuTiTebs yvela CamoTvlili, garda:/// atopiuri dermatiti// Tanarsebuli baqteriuli infeqcia/// ojaxis romelime wevris avadoba bronquli asTmiT/// alergiuli riniti

//// mwvave asTmuri statusis dros sasicocxlo Cvenebaa:/// amosaxvelebeli saSualebebi/// infuzuri Terapia// kortikosteroidebi/// vibraciuli masaJi

//// bronquli asTmis mkurnalobaSi ar aris rekomendirebuli:// preparatebi romlebic Trgunaven xvelis refleqss/// antihistaminuri preparatebi/// kortikosteroidebi/// bronqodilatatorebi

//// intalis moqmedeba ganpirobebulia:/// anTebis sawinaaRmdego TvisebebiT/// beta_receptorebis blokirebiT// poxieri ujredebis membranuli cvlis normalizaciiT/// bronqebis drenaJuli funqciis gaumjobesebiT

////bronquli asTmis bazisur TerapiaSi gamoiyeneba:/// beroteki/// eufilini// intali/// beroduali

//// romeli bronqodilatatoris gamoyeneba aris winaaRmdegCveneba bronquli asTmisa daTanarsebuli gul_sisxlZarRvTa sistemis daavadebaTa dros:/// salbutamoli/// beroduali// adrenalini/// eufilini

//// pnevmoniis ganviTarebis risk faqtorebia yvela, garda erTisa:/// dRenakluloba/// organizmis gadaciveba // umadoba/// hipotrofia

//// pnevmoniis sasargeblod metyvelebs yvela, garda:/// lokalured perkutoruli xmis Semokleba/// aqve Sesustebuli sunTqva// subkrepitiuli xixini/// krepitacia

//// CamoTvlilTagan romeli etiologiuri agenti iwvevs atipiur sazogadoebriv pnevmonias:/// streptokoki// mikoplazma

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/// stafilokoki/// nawlavis Cxiri

//// romeli jgufis antibiotikebi gamoiyeneba atipiuri pnevmoniis samkurnalod:/// penicilinebi///cefalosporinebi// makrolidebi/// aminoglikozidebi

//// romeli genezis pnevmonias axasiaTebs masiuri kerovan-Serwymuli procesi filtvebSi damidrekileba Cirqovani garTulebebisken:/// pnevmokokurs/// pnevmocisturs// stafilokokurs/// mikoplazmurs

//// stafilokokuri etiologiis pnevmoniis dros ufro xSirad viTardeba:/// neirotoqsikozi/// meningiti/// osteomieliti// filtvis abscedireba

//// pnevmoniis simZimis maCvenebelia:// gamoxatuli sunTqvis ukmarisoba/// xvela/// lokaluri xixini/// sunTqvis xasiaTis Secvla

////mwvave pnevmoniis mniSvnelovani klinikuri niSania:/// mSrali xvela/// riniti// qoSini/// saSualobuStukovani sveli xixini

//// mwvave pnevmoniis klasifikaciaSi ar aris marTebuli:/// kerovani pnevmonia/// segmenturi pnevmonia/// wilovani pnevmonia// gaxangrZlivebuli pnevmonia

//// pnevmoniis letalobis maCvenebeli yvelaze maRalia:// 2 Tvemde asakSi/// 6 Tvemde asakSi/// 1 wlamde asakSi/// 6 wlamde asakSi

//// pnevmokokuri pnevmoniis samkurnalod ar aris mizanSewonili:// gentamicini/// penicilini/// amoqsicilini/// augmentini

//// pnevmoniis dros infuzuri Terapiis Cvenebaa:/// qoSini/// taqikardia// oliguria/// anoreqsia

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//// ucxo sxeulis aspiraciis dros umetesad filtvis romel wilSi viTardeba ateleqtazi:/// marjvena filtvis zeda wilSi// marjvena filtvis qveda wilSi/// marcxena filtvis zeda wilSi/// marcxena filtvis qveda wilSi

//// romelia wamyvani etiologiuri agenti hospitaluri pnevmoniis dros:/// gramdadebiTi flora/// virusuli flora// gramuaryofiTi flora/// ujredSida parazitebi

//// romel antibiotiks mianiWebT upiratesobas binaze ganviTarebuli pnevmoniissamkurnalod, Tu pacients anamnezSi aReniSna alergia penicilinis jgufis preparatebze:/// naxevrad sinTezuri penicilinebi/// aminoglikozidebi// makrolidebi/// me-3 Taobis cefalosporinebi

//// infeqciis gavrcelebis ZiriTadi gza pnevmoniis dros aris:/// hematogenuri// bronqogenuri/// limfogenuri/// enterogenuli

//// pnevmoniis romeli formis dros aRiniSneba uxSiresad filtvis destruqcia:/// kerovani pnevmonia/// segmenturi pnevmonia// kerovan_Serwymuli pnevmonia/// wilovani pnevmonia/// intersticiuli pnevmonia

//// wilovani pnevmoniis ganviTarebaSi gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWebaCamoTvlili etiologiuri faqtorebidan Semdegs:/// oqrosferi stafilokoki/// nawlavis Cxiri// pnevmokoki/// klebsiela

//// wilovan pnevmonias ar axasiaTebs:/// mwvave dasawyisi/// maRali cxeleba/// tkivili gulmkerdis areSi// perkusiiT kolofiseburi xma

//// wilovani pnevmoniisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia:/// ormxrivi dazianeba// daavadebis cikluri mimidinareoba/// erT mxares mSrali xixini/// regionaluri limfadeniti

//// mukoviscidozis (cistofibrozis) filtvis formis dros adgili aqvs:// mukostazs wvril bronqebsa da bronqiolebSi/// bronqospazms/// alveolebis amovsabas anTebiTi eqsudatiT/// bronqebis gaganierebas

//// cistofibrozis yvelaze adreuli gamovlinebaa:

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/// qronikuli bronqiti/// difuzuri pnevmofibrozi// mekonialuri ileusi/// filtvismieri guli

//// cistofibrozis dros naxvelis mikrofloraSi aRiniSneba:/// pnevmokoki/// streptokoki// fsevdomona/// nawlavis Cxiri

//// mukoviscidozis (cistofibrozis) nawlavis formis dros mkurnalobis mizniTgamoiyeneba:/// smeqta/// eukarboni// kreoni/// levomicetini

/// mukoviscidozis filtvis formis dros mkurnalobis mizniT ZiriTadad gamoiyeneba:// mukolizuri preparatebi/// xvelis damTrgunveli preparatebi/// amosaxvelebeli saSualebebi/// xelovnuri surfaqtanti

//// 4 wlis gogonas anamnezSi 1 Tvis asakidan aReniSneba nawlavTa aramyari moqmedeba, didiraodenobiT Txieri, priala, myrali sunis ganavliT. 1 wlis asakidan aRiniSna cvlilebebisasunTqi sistemis mxriv. Bbolo 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi 5_jer gadaitana filtvebis anTeba.xvela progresirebs, aqvs SeteviTi xasiaTi, , naxveli webovani, zogjer xvela mTavrdebaRebinebiT. Ffizikur ganviTarebaSi mkveTrad CamorCeba. filtvebSi moismineba difuzuriwvrilbuStukovani sveli xixini savaraudo diagnozi:/// celiakia/// qronikuli pnevmonia// mukoviscidozi/// alfa1 antitrifsinis deficiti

//// 6 Tvis bavSvs daavadeba daewyo kataraluri movlenebiT-maRali temperatura, rinorea,koniunqtiviti. aRniSnuls daerTo eqspiratoruli qoSini - 70wT. gulmkerdis retraqcia,spastiuri xvela, vizingi. xvela SeteviTi, spazmuri. periodulad aReniSneba Rebineba. gasinjviT_perkusiiT filtvebSi kolofiseburi xmianoba, auskultaciiT_ filtvis orivemxares mSrali mstvinavi da uxvi wvrilbuStukovani sveli xixini, subkrepitacia. savaraudodiagnozi:/// mwvave martivi bronqiti/// bronqopnevmonia// bronqioliti/// obstruqciuli bronqiti

//// 2wlis bavSvs respiratoruli virusuli infeqciis dawyebidan me-3 dRes aReniSnaspazmuri xvela, eqspiratoruli qoSini. ramdenime dReSi xvela gaxda produqtiuli.temperatura subfebriluri. intoqsikaciis niSnebi sustada gamoxatuli.gasinjviT_perkusiiT kolofiseburi xmianoba, auskultaciiT_ mSrali mstvinavi, saSualoda msxvilbuStukovani sveli xixini filtvebSi, gaxangrZlivebuli amosunTqva. savaraudodiagnozi:/// pnevmonia/// qronikuli bronqiti/// bronqioliti// obstruqciuli bronqiti

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//// avadmyofi 2Tvis. Aavadaa 5 dRea daavadeba daewyo subfebriluri temperaturiT ,yivanaxvelismagvari xveliT, sunTqvis gaxSirebiT da mniSvnelovani darRveviT. Gamoixataprogresirebadi qoSini, zogadi sifermkrTale, cianozi cxvir-tuCis areSi,romelictirilisas generalizebul xasiaTs Rebulobda, aRiniSna taqikardia.gasinjviT fizikaluri monacemebi Raribi. perkusiiT kolofiseburi xmianoba. auskultaciiTmkvrivi sunTqva, mSrali xixini.savaraudo diagnozi:/// kerovani pnevmonia/// segmenturi pnavmonia// intersticiuli pnevmonia/// krupozuli (wilovani) pnevmonia

//// mukoviscidozis klinikuri formebia, garda:/// filtvis forma/// nawlavis forma/// Sereuli forma(filtvis-nawlavis)// kardialuri forma

//// mukoviscidozis paTogenezSi mniSvnelovania yvela, garda/// ekzokrinuli jirkvlebis dazianeba/// eleqtrolituri cvlis darRveva/// SemaerTebeli qsovilis dazianeba// kunTovani qsovilis dazianeba

\\\\ saSarde sistemis ganviTarebis anomaliebs ar miekuTvneba:\\\ Tirkmlis hipoplazia\\\ nalisebri Tirkmeli\\\ Tirkmlis polikistozi\\ glomerulonefriti

\\\\ Tirkmlis morfofunqciuri erTeulia:\\\ neironi\\\ langerhansis ujredebi\\ nefroni\\\ glisonis kafsula

\\\\ romeli debuleba ar aris marTebuli?\\\ Tirkmlis cximovani budis sisqe damokidebulia bavSvis cximovani qsovilisganviTarebaze\\ axalSobilebSi da mcire asakis bavSvebSi Tirkmlis qerqovani Sre cximovanTanSedarebiT ufro kargad aris ganviTarebuli\\\ gorglis filtraciuli funqcia axalSobilebSi ar aris srulfasovani,\\\ Cvil bavSvTa asakSi SardsawveTebi ufro farToa mozrdilTan SedarebiT

\\\\ axalSobilis Sardis buStis tevadobaa:\\\ 5 ml\\ 30 ml\\\ 100 ml\\\ 500 ml

\\\\ romeli debulebaa mcdari ? pirveladi Sardi warmoiqmneba:\\\ gorglovani filtraciis Sedegad\\\ Sumlianski-boumanis kafsulaSi\\\ gorglovani kapilarebis filtraciuli wnevis xarjze\\ henles maryuJSi reabsorbciisa da sekreciis procesebis Sedegad.

\\\\ saboloo Sardi warmoiqmneba:

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\\\ Sumliansk-boumanis kafsulaSi\\\ henles maryuJSi\\\ proqsimalur milakebSi\\ distalur milakebSi

\\\\ adreul neonatalur periodSi Sardis muqi wiTeli, zogjer agurisferi SeferilobaganisazRvreba masSi\\\ eriTrocitebis\\ uratebis\\\ leikocitebis\\\ Trombocitebis arsebobiT.

\\\\ Sardvis Taviseburebebidan asakis matebisas aRsaniSnavia:\\ moSardvis ricxvi mcirdeba, Sardis raodenoba dRe-RameSi izrdeba,\\\ Sardvis sixSire izrdeba, Sardis raodenoba TiTo ulufaSi ar icvleba,\\\ Sardis raodenoba dRe-RameSi ar icvleba, Sardvis sixSire mcirdeba,\\\ Sardis raodenoba TiTo ulufaSi izrdeba, Sardvis sixSire mcirdeba.

\\\\ Tirkmlis qerqovan SreSi gamomuSavdeba\\\ angiotenzin 1\\ renini\\\ adrenalini\\\ acetilqolini

\\\\ Tirkmlis tvinovan SreSi gamomuSavdeba depresoruli faqtori\\\ konverting enzim\\\ renini\\ prostaglandini\\\ adrenalini

\\\\ tkivilis receptorebi ar aris:\\\ Tirkmlis kafsulaSi,\\\ Tirkmlis menj-fialaTa sistemaSi,\\ sakuTriv Tirkmlis qsovilSi,\\\ Tirkmlis parenqimaSi.

\\\\ SeteviTi xasiaTis tkivili – Tirkmlis Wvali axasiaTebs\\\ pielonefrits,\\\ SegubebiT Tirkmels,\\\ cistits,\\ Sard-kenWovan daavadebas.

\\\\ Sardvis gaxSirebas ewodeba\\\ dizuria,\\\ stranguria,\\ polakiuria,\\\ niqturia.

\\\\ mtkivneul Sardvas ewodeba:\\\ poliuria,\\\ oliguria,\\\ enurezi,\\ stranguria.

\\\\ poliuria ganpirobebulia:\\ distalur milakebSi wylis reabsorbciis darRveviT,\\\ filtraciis SemcirebiT,\\\ antidiurezuli hormonis hiperproduqciiT,

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\\\ SeSupebiT.

\\\\ oliguria ar viTardeba\\\ mofunqcionire gorglebis raodenobis Semcirebisas,\\\ filtraciis Semcirebisas,\\ wylis reabsorbciis darRvevisas milakebSi,\\\ SeSupebis dros.

\\\\ enurezi viTardeba yvela SemTxvevaSi, garda:\\\ Sardis buStis inervaciis darRvevisas,\\\ sfinqteris organuli ukmarisobisas,\\\ sfinqteris funqciuri ukmarisobisas,\\ Tirkmlis milakebSi wylis reabsorbciis Semcirebis dros.

\\\\ Tirkmlis daavadebebis dros SeSupeba iwyeba:\\ saxis aridan\\\ kidurebidan\\\ serozuli Rruebidan,\\\ welis aridan.

\\\\ Tirkmlismieri SeSupebis warmoqmnaSi monawileobs yvela , garda:\\\ aldosteroni\\\ vazopesini\\\ renini\\ kalcitonini.

\\\\ xorcis narecxis feri Sardi axasiaTebs:\\\ Saqrian diabets,\\\ hemolizur anemias,\\ mwvave glomerulonefrits,\\\ damwvrobas.

\\\\ Sardi ludisferi aris:\\\ Tirkmlis infarqtis dros,\\ meqanikuri siyviTlis dros,\\\ uSaqro diabetis dros,\\\ glomerulonefritis dros.

\\\\ hipersTenuria ar aris ganpirobebuli:\\\ mcire raodenobiT siTxis miRebiT,\\\ Zlieri oflianobiT,\\\ RebinebiT,\\ Sardmdenebis gamoyenebiT.

\\\\ hipoizosTenuria ewodeba:\\\ Sardis xvedriTi wonis gazrdas,\\\ Sardis mJavianobis Semcirebas,\\ Sardis yvela ulufis dabal xvedriT wonas da dRe-RameSi mcire gansxvavebas,\\\ cilis Semcvelobis Semcirebas SardSi.

\\\\ Sardvis gaxSirebas Ramis saaTebSi ewodeba:\\\ dizuria\\\ enurezi,\\ niqturia,\\\ poliuria.

\\\\ funqciuri proteinuria aris yvela, garda:\\\ fiziologiuri proteinuria,

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\\\ orTostatiuri proteinuria,\\\ hiperTermiis dros proteinuria,\\ glomerulonefritis dros proteinuria.

\\\\ Tirkmlis seriozul organul dazianebaze mianiSnebs:\\\ albuminuria,\\\ sicivismieri proteinuria,\\\ seleqciuri proteinuria,\\ araseleqciuri proteinuria.

\\\\ acetonuria mianiSnebs yvelaze, garda:\\\ nivTierebaTa cvlis darRvevaze,\\ mJava-tutovani wonasworobis gadaxraze alkalozisken,\\\ mJava-tutovani wonasworobis gadaxraze acidozisken,\\\ vlindeba Saqriani diabetis, Seupovari Rebinebis, naxSirwylovani SimSilis dros.

\\\\ Tirkmlis paTologiis maCvenebelia yvela, garda:\\\ araseleqciuri proteinuria,\\\ bilirubinuria,\\\ acetonuria,\\ oqsaluria.

\\\\ leikocituria ufro xSirad gvxvdeba yvelas dros , garda:\\\ pielonefriti,\\\ cistiti,\\\ ureTriti,\\ nefriti.

\\\\ piuria aris:\\\ SardSi hemoglobinis arseboba,\\ SardSi Cirqis arseboba,\\\ SardSi uratebis arseboba,\\\ SardSi cilindrebis arseboba.

\\\\ piuria gvxvdeba:\\\ Saqriani diabetis dros,\\ pielonefritis dros,\\\ mwvave glomerulonefritis dros,\\\ SeSupebis dros.

\\\\ cilindruriasTan dakavSirebuli romeli debulebaa mcdari?\\\ cilindruria paTogenezurad dakavSirebulia proteinuriasTan,\\\ cilindrurias ganapirobebs milakebSi cilis maRali koncentracia,\\\ cilindrurias ganapirobebs milakebSi Sardis dinebis Seferxeba,\\ cilindruria mianiSnebs ZiriTadad Tirkmlis lorwovanis anTebaze.

\\\\ adis-kakovskis sinji gamoiyeneba:\\\ glukozuriis gansazRvrisaTvis,\\ SardSi leikocitebis, eriTrocitebis da cilindrebis raodenobis gansazRvrisaTvis.\\\ mJave-tutovani wonasworobis gansazRvrisaTvis,\\\ SardSi ketosxeulebis gansazRvrisaTvis.

\\\\ saluriaze vsaubrobT, rodesac SardSi aris:\\\ baqteriebi da Cirqi,\\\ eriTrocitebi,\\ uratebi, oqsalatebi,\\\ proteinebi, cilindrebi.

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\\\\ romeli instrumentuli kvleva ar tardeba saSarde sistemis daavadebebis dros?\\\ eqskretoruli urografia,\\ reqtororomanoskopia,\\\ cistoskopia,\\\ retrograduli pielografia.

\\\\ Sardis xvedriTi wonisa da raodenobis gansazRvrisaTvis gamoiyeneba:\\\ adis-kakovskis sinji,\\ zimnickis sinji,\\\ aSneris sinji,\\\ Stanges sinji.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis nefrituli formis wamyvani niSania:\\\ cilindruria,\\\ baqteriuria,\\ hematuria,\\\ leikocituria.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis nefrituli formisTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebia:\\\ leikocituria, dizuria,\\ hipertenzia, oliguria, hematuria,\\\ oliguria, masiuri proteinuria,\\\ hipoalbuminemia, hiperlipidemia.

\\\\ nefrozuli sindromisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia yvela niSani garda:\\\ araselaqciuri proteinuria, cilindruria,\\ makrohematuria, hiperalbuminemia,\\\ oliguria, SeSupeba,\\\ hiperqolesterinemia, hipovolemia.

\\\\\ tubulopaTiebs ar miekuTvneba:\\\ glukozo-diabeti,\\\ fosfat-diabeti,\\\ uSaqro diabeti,\\ Saqriani diabeti.

\\\\ saSarde gzebis infeqciis ganviTareba uxSiresad dakavSirebulia:\\\ Tirkmlis milakebis reabsorbciuli funqciis darRvevasTan,\\ SardisbuSt-SardsawveTis refluqsTan,\\\ homeostazis SenarCunebis funqciis darRvevasTan,\\\ gorglovani aparatis funqciis darRvevasTan.

\\\\ tkivili pielonefritis dros ZiriTadad lokalizebulia:\\\ mcire menjis RruSi,\\\ epigastriumis areSi,\\ welis areSi,\\\ marjvena ferdqveSa areSi.

\\\\ pielonefrits ar axasiatebs:\\\ dizuria,\\ hipertenzia,\\\ baqteriuria,\\\ welis tkivili.

\\\\ CamoTvlilidan romelia Tirkmlis biofsiis Cveneba?\\\ erTi Tirkmeli,\\\ Tirkmlis polikistozi,\\\ Tirkmlis tuberkulozi,

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\\ hormonrezistentuli glomerulonefriti.

\\\\ glomerulonefriti\\ imunokompleqsuri daavadebaa,\\\ araimunuri daavadebaa,\\\ infeqciuri daavadebaa.\\\ mikrobul-anTebiTi daavadebaa.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis ZiriTadi klinikuri sindromi ar aris:\\\ SeSupebiTi\\\ hipertenziuli\\\ Sardis,\\ abdominaluri.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis nefrozuli forma umetesad vlindeba:\\\ 1 wlamde,\\ 1-7 wlis asakSi,\\\ pubertul asakSi,\\\ axalSobilebSi.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis hematuriuli formis aqtivobis maCvenebeli ar aris:\\\ hematuria,\\\ oliguria,\\\ hipertenzia,\\ hemoragiuli gamonayari.

\\\\ glomerulonefrits ar axasiaTebs:\\\ komplementis donis daqveiTeba,\\\ SratSi cirkulirebadi imunuri kompleqsebis momateba,\\\ imunoglobulinebis donis momateba,\\ sisxlis antinuklearuli faqtoris donis momateba.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis Sereuli formis damaxasiaTebelia yvela garda:\\\ hipertenzia,\\\ hematuria,\\ baqteriuria,\\\ proteinuria.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis nefrozuli formis aqtivobaze ar miuTiTebs:\\\ hipoalbuminemia,\\\ disproteinemia,\\ ekg-ze T-kbilis depresia,\\\ hiperlipidemia.

\\\\ glukokortikoidebis Cvenebaa:\\ glomerulonefritis nefrozuli forma,\\\ glomerulonefritis nefrituli forma,\\\ mwvave pielonefriti,\\\ Tirkmlis polikistozi.

\\\\ cistits ar adasturebs:\\\ Sardis analizi,\\\ cistoskopia,\\\ cistografia,\\ eqskretoruli urografia.

\\\\ pielonefritis dros ar irRveva funqcia :\\ gorglis,

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\\\ nefronis tubularuli nawilis,\\\ nefronis proqsimaruli nawilis,\\\ henles maryuJis.

\\\\ saSarde sistemis anTebiT procesebs uxSiresad iwvevs :\\\ virusebi,\\ nawlavis Cxiri,\\\ gramdadebiTi baqteriebi,\\\ pnevmokoki.

\\\\ TirkmelSi infeqciis moxvedris uxSiresi gza axalSobilebSi aris :\\\ aRmavali,\\\ limfogenuri,\\ hematogenuri,\\\ haer-wveTovani.

\\\\ saSarde gzebis infeqciis ganviTarebis xelSemwyob pirobebs miekuTvneba yvela, garda :\\\ ganviTarebis Tandayolili mankebi,\\\ refluqsi da qvebi, romlebic xels uSlian Sardis normalur pasaJs,\\ axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadeba,\\\ septiuri procesi axalSobilobis periodSi.

\\\\ 8 wlis gogonas aReniSneba febriluri temperatura, tkivili welis areSi, Sardvisimperatiuli aqti, wva Sardvis dros, dadebiTi pasternackis simftomi, sisxlSi-leikocitebi- 15. 109|l, edsi- 25 mm|sT, SardSi- leikocitebi-50-60 mx. areSi. savaraudodiagnozia :\\\ mwvave glomerulonefriti,\\\ cistiti,\\ mwvave pielonefriti,\\\ bronqopnevmonia.

\\\\ mwvave glomerulonefritis garTuleba ar aris:\\\ renuli encefalopaTia,\\\ Tirkmlis mwvave ukmarisoba,\\\ gulis ukmarisoba,\\ nefrozuli papiliti.

\\\\ swrafadprogresirebad glomerulonefrits axasiaTebs yvela, garda:\\\ gorglis bazaluri membranis mimarT autoantisxeulebi,\\\ imunuri kompleqsebi,\\\ naxevarmTvareebis Camoyalibeba,\\ urodinamikis darRveva refluqsis gamo.

\\\\ swrafadprogresirebadi glomerulonefriti naxevarmTvareebiT klinikurad vlindeba:\\\ nefrituli sindromiT,\\\ nefrituli sindromiT Tirkmlis ukmarisobis gareSe,\\ nefrito- da\an nefrozuli sindromi Tirkmlis progresirebadi ukmarisobiT,\\\ leikocituria, baqteriuria.

\\\\ glomerulonefritis nefrozuli formis aqtivobaze ar miuTiTebs:\\\ SeSupebiTi sindromi,\\ hepatomegalia,\\\ oliguria,\\\ proteinuria.

\\\\ 6 wlis biWs, romelsac aReniSneba quTuToebis, fexebis SeSupeba da Sardvis Semcireba,uniSnaven:\\\ xilis dietas,

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\\\ vegetarianuln dietas,\\ umarilo uxorco dietas,\\\ hipoqloridul dietas.

\\\\ nefrozul sindroms minimaluri cvlilebebiT ar axasiaTebs:\\\ masiuri SeSupeba,\\ stabiluri hipertenzia,\\\ seleqciuri proteinuria,\\\ hipoalbuminemia.

\\\\ idiopaTiuri nefrozuli sindromi miekuTvneba:\\\ nefrozul sindroms ganviTarebuls pirveladi glomerulonefritis fonze,\\\ meorad nefrozul sindroms ganviTarebuls sistemuri mgluras fonze,\\\ meorad nefrozul sindroms ganviTarebuls amiloidozis fonze,\\ pirvelad nefrozul sindroms minimaluri cvlilebebiT.

\\\\ nefrozuli sindromis dros biofsiis Cvenebaa yvela, garda:\\\ 1 wlamde ganviTarebuli,\\\ 8 wlis zemoT ganviTarebuli,\\\ hormonrezistentuli forma,\\ hormonmgrZnobiare forma.

\\\\ romeli maxasiaTebeli ar mianiSnebs poststreptokokul glomerulonefritze?\\\ SratSi C3 komplementis donis mniSvnelovani daqveiTeba,\\\ eriTrocituli cilindruria,\\\ SratSi dismorfuli eriTrocitebi- akantocitebi,\\ hiperqolesterinemia.

\\\\ mwvave glomerulonefritis dros biofsiis Cvenebaa:\\\ cilis eqskrecia daavadebis debiutidan 4-6 kvira,\\ persistiuli hematuria 18 Tvis Semdeg,\\\ hipokomplementemia 6-8 kvira,\\\ hipertenzia 4-6 kvira.

\\\\ mwvave postsreptokokuli glomerulonefritis garTulebebia yvela,garda:\\\ hipertenziuli encefalopaTia,\\\ gulis ukmarisoba ,\\\ uremia,\\ pielonefriti.

\\\\ mwvave glomerulonefritis dros mkunalobis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebia yvela garda;\\ dezintoqsikaciuri Terapia,\\\ marilis SezRudva,\\\ diurezis stimulireba,\\\ hipertenziis mkurnaloba.

\\\\ nefrozuli sindromis wamyvani simptomebia yvela garda:\\\ mZime proteinuria, hipoalbuminemia\\\ hiperlipidemia, SeSupeba\\\ proteinuria > 40 mg /m2/sT\\ hematuria, hipertenzia.

\\\\ hormondamokidebuli nefrozuli sindromis samkurnalod ar gamoiyeneba:\\\ marilis SezRudva, diurezis stimulireba\\ agf-inhibitorebi\\\ albuminis intravenuri infuzia\\\ steroidoTerapia.

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\\\\ nefrozuli sindromis dros citostatikuri Terapiis Cvenebebia yvela garda:\\\ steroidmgrZnobelobis fonze nefrozuli sindromis xSiri recidivi\\\ steroidrezistentoba\\\ steroiddamokidebuleba toqsikurobis niSnebiT(kuSingoiduri Sesaxedaoba, hipertenzia,kataraqta, zrdaSi CamorCena),\\ steroidmgrZnobelobis fonze iSviaTi recidivebi.

////.15 wlis gogonas,romelsac aqvs iuveniluri revmatoiduli arTriti,aReniSnebaanemia.TqvenTan vizitis momentSi is Rebulobs ibuprofens, meTotreqsats da foliumismJavas.fizikaluri monacemebidan sayuradReboa daWimuloba epigastriumis midamoSi damarcxena muxlis sesieba.ganavali dadebiTia farul sisxldenaze.periferiuli sisxlisanalizidan sayuradReboa hematokriti 28%,Sratis rkinis koncentracia daqveiTebulia.qvemoT CamoTvlili diagnostikuri kvlevebidan,romelia yvelaze metad aucilebeli :

///.muclis Rrus eqoskopia///. muclis Rrus kompiuteruli tomografia.///.mezenteruli angiografia//. fibrogastroskopia biofsiiT

////. 5 wlis bavSvs periodulad uCndeba reqtaluri prolafsi nawlavTa moqmedebis dros.qvemoT CamoTvlilidan ,ra aris reqtaluri prolafsis yvelaze xSiri mizezi:///.celiakia///.mukoviscidozi///.helminTozi//.funqciuri Sekruloba///. reqtaluri polipi

//// 15 qlis gogona aRniSnavs saerTo sisustes da melenas.fizikaluri monacemebidansayuradReboa “galopis” riTmi da zomieri abdominaluri defansi.laboratoriulimonacemebidan- hematokriti 18%. Tqven CaatareT intensiuri infuziuri Terapia da pacientishemodinamikuri statusi gaxda stabiluri. qvemoT CamoTvlilidan, romelia adeqvaturisadiagnostiko testi:

///.angiografia///.muclis Rrus kontrastuli radiografiuli kvleva bariumiT///. saylapavis venebis doplerografiuli kvleva// fibrogastroskopia

////. 16 wlis biWs bolo ori kviraa aReniSneba Tavis tkivili. ukanaslneli 1 wlis manZilzeaqvs wonis mateba 13.5 kg-iT. Ggasinjvisas yuradRebas ipyrobs arteriuli wneva 180/120 mm.Hg.qvemoT CamoTvlilidan ,romeli warmoadgens swor stategias:

///.agf inhibitorebi///. beta blokatorebi///.diuretikebi da hospitalizacia///. daibareT konsultaciaze 1-2 kviraSi// vazodilatatorebi da hospitalizacia

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//// 10 wlis gogonas Cautarda rutinuli samedicino kvlevebi. Tavisi askisTvis ganviTarebaSeesabameba 50 percentilis. Aaretriuli wneva 108/64. Sardis anlizSi xvedriTI wona 1030.pH6.5, mikroskopiiT eriTrocitebi 5-10 mx/areSi. Semdgomi swori nabijia:///.abdominaluri kompiuteruli tomografia///. antinuklearuli antisxeulebis da komplementis koncentraciis gansazRvra///.kratininis koncentracis gansazRvra///. cistoskopiis Catareba// gaimeoreT analizi 2 kviraSi

////7 wlis biWi aRniSnavs periumbilikalur tkivils bolo 2 Tvis manZilze.mas perioduladaqvs Sekruloba, romelsac aregulirebe kvebis saSualebiT. Civilebi ar arisdakavSirebuli saskolo an sxva aqtivobasTan. Yvelaze metad savaraudo diagnozia:

///qronikuli Sekruloba///H.pylori gastritis// funqciuri abdominalgiis sindromi///.skolis fobia

//// 26 kviris dRenakl Cvilis ganuviTrda Staphylococcus epidermidis sefsisi.Ooptimaluri antibiotiko Terapiaa:

///.ampicilini///.ampicilini+ gentamicini///.ceftriaqsoni///.oqsacilini+ gentamicini//vancomicini+ rifampini

//// 5 wlis biWi nefrozuli sindromis gamo 3 Tvis manZilze Rebulobdaprednizolons(2mg/kg).amJamad steroidi moxsnilia 1 kviraa. qvemoT CamoTvlilisimptomebidan, romeli miuTiTebs Tirkmelzeda jirkvlis ukmarisobaze:

///.Tavis tkivili,///hipebilirubinemia//gulisreva/// qavili///.wonaSi mateba

//// 15 wlis biWi aRniSnavs xvelas bolo 2 kviraa: xvelas aqvs SeteviTi xasiaTi. SemosvlisdRes xvelis dros baSvma dakarga goneba. Ffizikaluri monacemebi normaluria, filtvebiauskulaciiT sufTa. qvemoT CamoTvlilidan, ra warmoadgens adeqvatur menejments:

//.aziTromicini/// klaritromicini/// doqsaciklini///eriTromicini/// trimeToprim sulfametoqsozoli

//// gogona 11 wlis;2 kviris win hqonda virusuoi infeqcia cxelebiT,sisutiT da hiperemiiTLdRes diliT temperaturis klebis fonze gamoixata orive muxlis da idayvis saxsrebisarTralgia. vizualurad gamoxatulia aRniSnuli saxsrebis arTriti. Llaboratoriulimonacemebidan : leikocitebi-8.9 aTasi,maT Soris polimorfonuklearuli 40% ,Trombocitebi 472 aTasi, eds 20mm/sT. qvemoT CamoTvlili paTogenebidan, romeliganapirobebs saxsrebis paTologias:

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/// .borelia bugdoriferi/// .Coxackievirus/// A jgufis beta hemolizuri streptokoki/// .Influenza A virus// Parvovirus B19

////.6 wlis biWs 2 dRea uWirs siaruli da aqvs tkivili qveda kidurebSi.5 dRis win hqondacxeleba da xvela, romelic gagrZelda 3dRe. amJamad mas ar aqvs temperature,cranialurinervebi,metyveleba normaluria.kunTTa tonusi da refleqsebi normaluria da simetriuli;madram qveda kidurebi mtkivneulia palpaciis dros.creatininkinazas koncentracia sisxlSinormaluria.

savraudo diagnozia:

/// .dermatomioziti/// duSenis miodistrofia/// .gian bares sindromi/// metaboluri miopaTia// virusuli mioziti

//// gogona 14 wlis;aqvs dizuriuli Civilebi da welis tkivili.temperatura 38.5,arteriuliwneva 108/64. gamoxatulia tkivili marcxniv kosto- vertebralur kuTxeSi .Sardis anlizSi-xvedriTi wona 1025, mniSvnelovani proteinuria, leikocituria, erTeuli erTrocitebimxedvelobis areSi.

savaraudo diagnozia:

/// .mwvave baqteriuli cistiti/// .mwvave glomerulonefriti// mwvave pielonefriti/// nefroliTiazi

//// qvemoT CamoTvlilidan, romeli ar Sedis sistemuri wiTeli mgluras 11 sadiagnostikokriteriumSi:

/// anemia/// antisxeulebis maRali titri orspiraliani dnm-is mimarT// limfadenopaTia/// diskoiduri gamonayari/// piris Rrus lorwovanis wylulovani dazianeba

//// qvemoT CamoTvlilidan romeli ar miekuTvneba kavasakis daavadebis aucilebelSemadgenel symptoms

/// ormxrivi koniunqtiviti/// mSrali, daxeTqili tuCebi/// polimorfuli gamonayari// hepatosplenomegalia/// cervikaluri limfadenopaTia.

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//// 2 wlis bavSvs sisxliani diareiT ganvlis anliziT daudginda . pacienti alergiuliatrimeToprimis mimarT. qvemoT CamoTvlili antimikrobuli preparatebidan,romeliwarmoadgens asarCev saSualebas:

/// .amoqsicilini// aziTromicini/// cefnidiri/// .ciprofloqsacini/// linezolidi

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